5 Municipal Solid Waste
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
STRATEGIC EVALUATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND RISK PREVENTION UNDER STRUCTURAL AND COHESION FUNDS FOR THE PERIOD 2007-2013 Contract No. 2005.CE.16.0.AT.016. National Evaluation Report for Estonia Main Report Directorate General Regional Policy A report submitted by in association with Mrs. Evija Brante Mr. Stijn Vermoote ELLE ECOLAS nv Skolas street 10-8 Lange Nieuwstraat 43, Riga, LV-1010 2000 Antwerp Estonia Belgium TEL TEL +32/3/233.07.03 [email protected] [email protected] Date: November 10th, 2006 GHK Brussels Rue de la Sablonnière, 25 B-1000 Brussels Tel: +32 (0)2 275 0100; Fax : +32 (2) 2750109 GHK London 526 Fulham Road London, United Kingdom SW6 5NR Tel: +44 20 7471 8000; Fax: +44 20 7736 0784 www.ghkint.com Strategic Evaluation of Environment and Risk Prevention – Country Report – Estonia TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 1 1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY................................................................................ 2 2 OVERVIEW AND HORIZONTAL ISSUES............................................................................... 4 2.1 Country overview ................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Status of implementing the EU Environmental Acquis .......................................................... 4 2.3 State of the environment........................................................................................................6 2.4 Environmental policy.............................................................................................................. 6 2.5 Overview of national environmental expenditure................................................................... 7 2.6 Relationship of the overall environmental strategy(ies) to wider Objective 1 and 2 Programme Strategies. ................................................................................................................... 8 3 WATER SUPPLY...................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Current situation..................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Needs................................................................................................................................... 17 4 WASTE WATER .....................................................................................................................28 4.1 Current situation................................................................................................................... 28 4.2 Needs................................................................................................................................... 33 5 MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE .................................................................................................. 39 5.1 Current situation................................................................................................................... 39 5.2 Needs................................................................................................................................... 44 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY......................................................................................................... 52 6.1 Current situation................................................................................................................... 52 6.2 Needs................................................................................................................................... 55 7 NATURAL RISK MANAGEMENT (FIRE, DROUGHT, FLOODS)......................................... 62 7.1 Current situation................................................................................................................... 62 7.2 Needs................................................................................................................................... 64 8 CROSS FIELDS PRIORITY ASSESSMENT.......................................................................... 67 8.1 Part 1: summarising the needs assessment........................................................................ 67 8.2 Part 2: Assessing priorities within fields............................................................................... 74 8.3 Part 3: Assessing priorities across Fields ............................................................................ 82 9 ANNEXES............................................................................................................................... 91 9.1 Key figures current situation ................................................................................................ 93 9.2 Unit investment and operating costs.................................................................................. 103 9.3 Annexes chapter 5 Priority assessment............................................................................. 109 10 REFERENCE LIST ............................................................................................................. 125 10.1 Literature and online information ..................................................................................... 125 10.2 Interviews ......................................................................................................................... 127 Strategic Evaluation of Environment and Risk Prevention – Country Report – Estonia EXECUTIVE SUMMARY See separate document. GHK, ECOLAS, IEEP, CE 1 Strategic Evaluation of Environment and Risk Prevention – Country Report – Estonia 1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY This report is a part of the project “Strategic Evaluation on Environment & Risk Prevention Under Structural & Cohesion Funds for 2007-2013”, European Commission project No. 2005.CE.16.0.AT.016, attributed to GHK in association with ECOLAS – Environmental Consultancy and Assistance, IEEP – Institute for European Environmental Policy, and Cambridge Econometrics. The project’s overall aim is to provide the strategic evaluation of the needs and priorities for environmental investment under the structural and cohesion funds for the period 2007-2013. It covers 5 fields of environmental investment: water supply, waste water treatment, municipal solid waste, renewable energy sources and natural risk management. In order to identify and evaluate needs in the selected fields, and to select investment priorities for the Structural and Cohesion Funds for the 2007 – 2013 period, the project analyses the current situation in each field and the financial allocations during the current programming period (2000-2006). The regional scope of the project is 15 countries, comprising the 10 new Member States (NMS) plus Bulgaria, Romania and 3 ‘old’ cohesion Member States (Greece, Portugal and Spain). This report focuses on Estonia and was prepared by the ELLE - Estonian, Latvian & Lithuanian Environment Ltd. and ECOLAS nv. The methodology implemented for preparing this report consisted in collaboration between a core team, who provided guidelines, and the several national evaluators to guarantee the consistence across the national reports. Each country reported back to the core team at each step in the research project and got feedback on how to proceed with the work. The executive summary is presented in a separate document, as it can be read and will be used as a stand-alone document. There is an initial chapter on horizontal issues, then for each field the following sections are presented: overview and needs. Priority assessment across fields is provided. The overview sections review the available information in Estonia in each field. The information was drawn from EU information, national reports, field-specific databases, various field specific reports regarding the environmental situation in Estonia and available investment plans. Key stakeholders in each field were also contacted and in some cases provided additional information. Although there are some information asymmetries between the fields, each overview assesses the current state of provision and infrastructures, the institutions involved, the past investment plans and their funding by Community support programmes in the relevant field. The needs chapters assess the needs for environmental investment over the period 2007-2013, taking into account the requirement to ensure compliance with the environmental acquis (the body of environmental regulations and directives), the consistency between environmental and other policies and priorities, and where applicable, the regional development benefits. The needs chapters aim to indicate the main policy objectives and targets for each field and, if possible, to quantify physical investment needs based on legislative environmental requirements, demand estimations and scenarios, the current state of infrastructure and the possibility of complementary flanking measures (such as user charges) which might reduce the GHK, ECOLAS, IEEP, CE 2 Strategic Evaluation of Environment and Risk Prevention – Country Report – Estonia need for investment. However, such complete information was rarely available, either because it was not disclosed or because it simply did not exist. Here the information asymmetries between fields are larger. The priority assessment draws on the information gathered about the current situation and the identified needs to provide an independent assessment