DOCSLIB.ORG

PLECTRANTHUS — Coleus’ Cousin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PLECTRANTHUS — Coleus’ Cousin rick’s weed-read PLECTRANTHUS — Coleus’ Cousin Textured, colorful foliage and a nice habit make plectranthus one of the best new plants for mixed containers. By Richard Schoellhorn P. ecklonii ‘Erma’ ith all the well-deserved attention that coleus Why Weeds? hybrids are receiving for their landscape and interi- In our industry, things are changing very quickly as floriculture adjusts to becoming a orscape performance, it commodity to the American consumer. It’s really only beginning — we have a long way to seemsW like a good time to take a look at some of go. In my view, the future of the greenhouse business looks a lot like the history of the the closer relatives of coleus that have the same American farmer, but nurseries have an advantage. We watched what happened to the small strong characteristics and solid performance. farmer; we know what is needed to make the transition; and we have excellent examples of As with coleus, plectranthus are fast-crop successful small farmers around us today. So as we face the same forces shaping our annuals; salable almost as soon as they are rooted industry, we can avoid a lot of the pitfalls that the small farmer faced. and tolerant of a variety of production condi- Rick Shoellhorn This stuff has all been written before. Increasing market pressures will force the formation of tions. As the primary interest is foliage, plants major nurseries; these mega-nurseries’ sole purpose will be to supply the demand for flowers at can remain in good condition on retail shelves for the retail level. As these large corporations grow, the small local nurseries are going to need to change as well. Small longer periods of time. Use plectranthus as you nurseries are going to need to develop specialized products and services that separate them from the mega-nursery. If would coleus, although since leaf colors aren’t as they fail to do this, they will disappear because, to the consumer, they will become invisible. Quality won’t be enough to vivid, plectranthus will sell best as accent crops, save the small nursery; it wasn’t enough to save the small farmer. The average consumer can’t tell the difference between foliage filler and mixed container materials. With an average and a superior product…unless you are there to tell them the difference. the flowering types of plectranthus, schedule to Don’t get the wrong impression; the formation of mega-nurseries isn’t evil; it is a fact of life make the most of the season and use for color for our industry, as is the development of the big box garden center. This is our future, it is the and as value-added hanging baskets. In spring cost of becoming something Americans feel is a necessary part of life. Imagine how the corner 2000, plectranthus was one of the plants of focus market felt when the first supermarket came along — probably a bit like the smaller nursery at the University of Florida trials and showcased feels today. The message is change; the medium is plant materials and services, and the whole at the annual May field day. thing is progress whether it seems like it right now or not. Plectranthus are like coleus and salvia, So why a column on a bunch of weird crops that have small market share? Because they offer P. fruticosus members of the mint family, with rapid something different; they give smaller operations an edge in the market, and honestly, because I love growth, aromatic foliage and a variety of 78 GPN February 2002 rick’s weed -read shapes and sizes. Like coleus, where they are used as bedding is around October first. Timing SUGGESTED VARIETIES these plants will do well in the and flowering hedge material. schedules for the flowering plec- The best-known flowering form irrigated landscape, container While the flowering mechanism is tranthus are still a bit sketchy, but in our industry is ‘Mona Lavender’ gardens and indoor situations as still being worked out, they appear the industry should be able to get a from Ball Floraplant. This plant has long as light levels are high. In to flower best in late summer as winter/spring flowering crop and a great form for containers and fact, many of the best known nights cool and day length begins perhaps another in the late sum- hanging baskets. Mona forms a low plectranthus are for the indoor to shorten, which in north Florida, mer and fall. mound, requires a pinch in ➧ market. Most plectranthus are used for foliage interest and have insignificant flowers, with a few notable exceptions. With all the interest in new crops, groups of plectranthus are coming onto the market with pro- fuse and very attractive flowers and green, aromatic foliage. The flowering plectranthus group is predominantly from South Africa, these plants. While all these giant opera- tions are form- ing and learn- P. madagascariensis ing how to control big markets, there is a lot of money to be made by personalizing what you do. I think a conservative adoption of new crops is a good first step in differentiating your nursery from your competition. It’s only a step though, because you’ll need to know how to use these plants, how to present them differently and how to provide ser- vices that augment your original crops. So this column is here to promote new crops. Not all of them will work for you, but some will, and by carrying them as part of your crop mix, perhaps you’ll attract a few new customers. New crops are always a complicating factor in nursery production. They cause problems; they sometimes fail; but every production nursery should develop a crop experiment program, because it keeps you thinking about change. Also, getting new crops out in the press raises the awareness of our industry’s plant breeders. This column will also promote the new markets that are always coming along and offer ideas to nurserymen looking for niche markets. So I hope you enjoy this concept column, and I’ll try to make something productive out of my 15 minutes of fame by giving you some ideas — some reminders — that there’s always something new coming down the pipes. If there’s a group of plants you’d like to hear more about, please contact me, and I’ll work on getting some of the basics out to you. GPN February 2002 GPN 79 rick’s weed-read production to get the best shape plectranthus ecklonii, which reaches a to the fall landscape. They can toler- and flowers profusely from all height of 4-5 feet and flowers with a ate full sun, but foliage is best when nodes. While Mona has deservedly rich, blue-purple, 6-inch spike from some protection from strong sun is the best recognition of the flowering all terminals, and plectranthus eck- provided. As a side note, the “fra- types, there are many other notable lonii ‘Erma’, a pink flowered form. grance” of the foliage is probably a varieties. Some other forms current- Both plants are annuals, even in bit of an exaggeration; stench might ly in southern region trade include north Florida, but add strong color be more accurate. We nicknamed P. amboinicus these plants “Smelly Dog Plant”, as the foliage odor was pretty close that of a wet dog. However, this name actually stimulated interest in the plant; it was one of the most popular plants in the Milton trials. Foliage types of plectranthus vary a lot in growth habit and form but are predominantly colored in shades of green, gray-green to silver and white, the most common of these forms being plectranthus amboinicus — Cuban Oregano. While this is not a “true” oregano, the foliage is highly aromatic, and the leaves are generally white edged with green centers. Growth habit for Cuban Oregano is loosely upright or mounding, reaching a height of 24 inches in the landscape. This plant will sport back to a solid green form, so propagators need to keep an ➧ Production guidelines for plectranthus: Fertilization. 150 ppm liquid feed or a low level of slow release. Watering. Normal production irrigation, drought stress works to slow growth. Media. All commercial peat lite medias work fine, pH 6-7, high EC will reduce growth and leaf size. Production Temperatures. Ranges of 50-85º F are best, below 50º F growth slows dramatically. Light level. Plants are pretty flexible in most cases, 2,000-5,000 foot candles is ideal. Propagation. All are propagated by cuttings, which root in 5-10 days. Seed for rarer species is available from sup- pliers in South Africa. Crop timing. For a 4-inch pot, 4-6 weeks; hanging baskets (3-5 cuttings per) take 8-10 weeks. Flowering. With flowering varieties, flowering is related to SD photoperiod and reinforced by cool night conditions. 80 GPN February 2002 rick’s weed-read eye on stock plants as the green ‘albo-marginatus’, Forster’s plec- hold onto their leaves, so flower- Plectranthus madagascariensis, form is much more vigorous than tranthus. This is also a green-white ing is a good thing in this case, Variegated Mint Leaf, is another the variegated form. Allan variegated form but with larger unlike coleus. old time plant making a come back Armitage, and the University of leaves, a more upright growth habit Plectranthus australis (verticilla- because it takes bright light, grows Georgia, released ‘Athens Gem’, a and a more refined look to the tus), Swedish Ivy, is an old stan- fast and easy, and has an arching, tri-color variegation that is quite plant.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A New Species of Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) from Saudi Arabia
    Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2016) 40: 506-513 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-1601-8 A new species of Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) from Saudi Arabia 1,2, Kadry ABDEL KHALIK * 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt Received: 06.01.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 19.03.2016 Final Version: 19.07.2016 Abstract: Plectranthus hijazensis Abdel Khalik (Lamiaceae) is described as a new species from Al-Baha Province in Saudi Arabia. Information given on the new species includes a taxonomic description and its affinity to Plectranthus asirensis L. A key to Plectranthus species of Saudi Arabia is provided, and the relationships of the species and the relevant morphological characters, particularly seed, pollen grains, trichomes, and anatomy of stem and leaf, are discussed. A distribution map of the new species and related species is provided. Key words: Plectranthus, Lamiaceae, new species, pollen, seed, anatomy 1. Introduction (KSU, K, and E) and also with collected specimens found Lamiaceae is a large family that spread widely and adapted in the relevant literature (Collenette, 1999; Chaudhary, to nearly all habitats and altitudes. The genus Plectranthus 2001). Based on the comparative morphological studies L. is one of the largest genera of Lamiaceae and belongs conducted by the author, specimens from Al-Baha to the subfamily Nepetoideae, tribe Ocimeae, and subtribe Province were found to represent a species new to science. Plectranthinae. Plectranthus comprises about 300 species A map is provided showing the distribution of Plectranthus distributed in both tropical and warm regions of the hijazensis Abdel Khalik and related species based on the Old World (Codd, 1985; Retief, 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • COLEUS 'FAIRWAY RUBY' Solenostemon Scutellarioides 'Fairway Ruby' Characteristics Culture Noteworthy Characteristics Problems Ga
    COLEUS 'FAIRWAY RUBY' Solenostemon scutellarioides 'Fairway Ruby' Characteristics Zone: 10 to 11 Soil: Moist, well-drained Height: 10 to 15 Inches Water: Medium Width: 12 Inches Maintenance: Low Bloom Time: Flowers not showy Flower: Insignificant Bloom Description: Blue to white Leaf: Colorful Sun: Part sun Tolerate: Shade Culture Winter hardy to USDA Zones 10-11. In other zones, grow as garden annuals or in pots that can be overwintered indoors or as houseplants. Outdoors, grow in moist, organically rich, loose soils in part shade. Soils must not be allowed to dry out. ‘Fairway Ruby’ coleus produces foliage with bright red center and wide off-white margin with green edging. Produces tiny blue or white flowers, 1/2" long anytime throughout year. Pinch out to maintain plant health, foliage color, and attractive, compact plants. Does not tolerate water logging. Water moderately when in growth and apply a balanced liquid fertilizer at alternate waterings. When in growth, apply a high nitrogen fertilizer every 2 weeks. Keep just moist. Plants grown in too much shade may become leggy. Noteworthy Characteristics Plectranthus scutellarioides, commonly known as coleus, is a tropical evergreen tender perennial that has been a popular foliage plant since at least Victorian times. It is native to Southeast Asia and Malaysia. It has been assiduously hybridized over the years into a very large number of vegetatively propagated and seed propagated strains with an almost infinite number of leaf color combinations including most colors of the spectrum except true blue. Cultivars range in size from dwarf 6” tall plants to large mounded 36” tall plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Plectranthus Amboinicus (Lour) Spreng
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 01 (02); 2011: 75-81 © 2010 Medipoeia Pharmacognostical standardization and Received: 25-05-2011 Revised on: 30-03-2011 Accepted: 05-04-2011 toxicity profile of the methanolic leaf extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng Preeja G. Pillai, P. Suresh, Gayatri Aggarwal, Gaurav Doshi and Vidhi Bhatia ABSTRACT The present investigation was intended to evaluate the toxicity of the methanolic leaf extract of Preeja G. Pillai, Gayatri Aggarwal, a traditionally used plant Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng. Plant material was analysed for Gaurav Doshi and Vidhi Bhatia various pharmacognostical parameters as per WHO guidelines procedure i.e., foreign matter, Department of Pharmacology microscopical sections, loss on drying, water and alcoholic extractive values, Total ash, acid VES College of Pharmacy, soluble ash, heavy metals, phytochemical analysis and toxicity studies. Acute & Sub acute Mumbai, India toxicity of the methanolic extract was evaluated in albino mice (Female) after ingestions of the extract during one day (Acute model) and during 28days (sub acute model).The studies on sub P. Suresh acute toxicity reveals that no mortalities or evidence of adverse effects have been observed in Department of Pharmaceutics Albino mice following acute oral administration at the highest dose of 2000mg/kg crude extracts GITAM Institute of Pharmacy of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng. Similarly, in sub-acute toxicity study methanolic Visakhapatnam, India extract 200,400 mg/kg body wt of Plectranthus amboinicus did not cause any changes in hematological and biochemical parameters. Studies on histopathological examination of vital organs showed normal architecture suggesting no morphological disturbances. Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng can be considered as safe as it did not cause either any lethality or adverse changes in the general behavior in mice.
    [Show full text]
  • Plectranthus: a Genus Chosen for New Plant Development Through Tissue Culture and Somaclonal Variation©
    412 Combined Proceedings International Plant Propagators’ Society, Volume 57, 2007 Plectranthus: A Genus Chosen for New Plant Development Through Tissue Culture and Somaclonal Variation© Ockert Greyvenstein and Mark Bridgen Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 U.S.A. Email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Plectranthus, an Old World genus, is a group of herbaceous plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family and consists of about 350 known species distributed throughout summer rainfall areas of Africa, Madagascar, India, Australia, and a few of the Pacific islands (Van Jaarsveld, 2006). Plectranthus are mostly soft, low-growing semi-succulent to succulent herbs or shrubs, some with unusually beautiful tubular flowers ranging in color from blue, violet, white, and pink (Brits et al., 2001). The name Plectranthus literally means spurflower (plectron = spur and anthos = flower) and refers to the spur at the base of the corolla tube ofPlectranthus fruitico- sus. This species was the first plant in this genus to be described (Codd, 1975). This name is confusing because only a couple of the species in the genus have this spur. Plectranthus is a very diverse group of plants with some of the species converging into other genera. DNA studies are needed to clarify some of the taxonomic confu- sion within this genus. Plectranthus has been referred to as a “horticulturally neglected” genus (Van Jaarsveld, 2006) and many species of the commercially grown Plectranthus have had very little or no improvement via plant breeding. A small number of the south- ern African Plectranthus has been known and grown in the U.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Infestation of Field Dodder (Cuscuta Campestris Yunck.)
    plants Article Infestation of Field Dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) Promotes Changes in Host Dry Weight and Essential Oil Production in Two Aromatic Plants, Peppermint and Chamomile Marija Sari´c-Krsmanovi´c 1,*, Ana Dragumilo 2, Jelena Gaji´cUmiljendi´c 1, Ljiljana Radivojevi´c 1, Ljiljana Šantri´c 1 and Rada Ðurovi´c-Pejˇcev 1 1 Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] (J.G.U.); [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (L.Š.); [email protected] (R.Ð.-P.) 2 Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Panˇci´c”,Tadeuša Koš´cuška1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +38-111-3076-133 Received: 13 July 2020; Accepted: 23 September 2020; Published: 29 September 2020 Abstract: Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.) are aromatic plants with considerable economic value. These plants and their essential oils are used in medicine, cosmetics, and the food industry. One of the main limiting factors in peppermint and chamomile commercial cultivation is weed competition since weeds are able to decrease both oil amount and biomass yield. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of parasitism by field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) on peppermint and chamomile dry weight and their essential oil yield and composition. Essential oils from both noninfested and infested peppermint and chamomile plants were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized chemically by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). The amount of dry matter accumulated by peppermint and chamomile plants infested by field dodder was lower (25% and 63%, respectively) compared to noninfested plants.
    [Show full text]
  • (Lamiaceae): a New Species from South Western Ghats, India
    NEW SPECIES Vol. 21, Issue 68, 2020 NEW SPECIES ARTICLE ISSN 2319–5746 EISSN 2319–5754 Species Coleus anthonyi (Lamiaceae): a new species from South Western Ghats, India Jebin Joseph1, Jose Mathew2,, Kadakasseril V. George1 1Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, St. Berchmans College, Changanassery, IN – 686101 Kottayam, Kerala, India 2Department of Botany, Sanatana Dharma College, Alappuzha, IN - 688003, Alappuzha, Kerala, India Corresponding author: Department of Botany, Sanatana Dharma College, Alappuzha, IN - 688003, Alappuzha, Kerala, India Email: [email protected] Article History Received: 05 October 2020 Accepted: 12 November 2020 Published: November 2020 Citation Jebin Joseph, Jose Mathew, Kadakasseril V George. Coleus anthonyi (Lamiaceae): a new species from South Western Ghats, India. Species, 2020, 21(68), 337-342 Publication License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. General Note Article is recommended to print as color digital version in recycled paper. ABSTRACT A new species of Coleus (Lamiaceae: Ocimeae: Plectranthinae), C. anthonyi, from the South Western Ghats region of India is described. Detailed taxonomic description, colour photographs, illustration, status and key to the allied species of the new taxon are provided. Keywords: New species, Coelus, Kerala, Western Ghats 1. INTRODUCTION 337 Coleus Loureiro is an old world tropical distributed genus having more than 450 species (Paton et al., 2018). Recent phylogenetical Page and nomenclature studies on Subtribe Plectranthinae has resulted in the generic delimitation and inclusion of Anisochilus Wallich ex © 2020 Discovery Publication. All Rights Reserved. www.discoveryjournals.org OPEN ACCESS NEW SPECIES ARTICLE Bentham to Coleus (Paton et al., 2018; 2019). This genus consists of annual or perennial herbs or shrubs and can be recognized by its 5 lobed calyx (1 upper, 4 lower) with pedicel attached asymmetrically to the base of calyx tube, opposite the posterior lip and usually, corolla with upper lip shorter than lower.
    [Show full text]
  • Constitutive and Facultative Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) in Cuban Oregano, Coleus Amboinicus (Lamiaceae)
    CSIRO PUBLISHING Functional Plant Biology, 2021, 48, 647–654 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP20127 Constitutive and facultative crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in Cuban oregano, Coleus amboinicus (Lamiaceae) Klaus Winter A,C, Aurelio Virgo A, Milton GarciaA, Jorge ArandaA and Joseph A. M. Holtum A,B ASmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama. BCollege of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. CCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Plants exhibiting the water-conserving crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway provide some of the most intriguing examples of photosynthetic diversity and plasticity. Here, a largely unnoticed facet of CAM-plant photosynthesis is highlighted: the co-occurrence of ontogenetically controlled constitutive and environmentally controlled facultative CAM in a species. Both forms of CAM are displayed in leaves of Coleus amboinicus Lour. (Lamiaceae), a semi-succulent perennial plant with oregano-like flavour that is native to southern and eastern Africa and naturalised elsewhere in the tropics. Under well-watered conditions, leaves assimilate CO2 predominantly by the C3 pathway. They also display low levels of CO2 uptake at night accompanied by small nocturnal increases in leaf tissue acidity. This indicates the presence of weakly expressed constitutive CAM. CAM expression is strongly enhanced in response to drought stress. The drought-enhanced component of CAM is reversible upon rewatering and thus considered to be facultative. In contrast to C. amboinicus, the thin-leaved closely related Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth. exhibits net CO2 fixation solely in the light via the C3 pathway, both under well- watered and drought conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution Along the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Continuum
    Review CSIRO PUBLISHING www.publish.csiro.au/journals/fpb Functional Plant Biology, 2010, 37, 995–1010 Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum Katia SilveraA, Kurt M. Neubig B, W. Mark Whitten B, Norris H. Williams B, Klaus Winter C and John C. Cushman A,D ADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MS200, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0200, USA. BFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA. CSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama. DCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] This paper is part of an ongoing series: ‘The Evolution of Plant Functions’. Abstract. Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialised mode of photosynthesis that improves atmospheric CO2 assimilation in water-limited terrestrial and epiphytic habitats and in CO2-limited aquatic environments. In contrast with C3 and C4 plants, CAM plants take up CO2 from the atmosphere partially or predominantly at night. CAM is taxonomically widespread among vascular plants andis present inmanysucculent species that occupy semiarid regions, as well as intropical epiphytes and in some aquatic macrophytes. This water-conserving photosynthetic pathway has evolved multiple times and is found in close to 6% of vascular plant species from at least 35 families. Although many aspects of CAM molecular biology, biochemistry and ecophysiology are well understood, relatively little is known about the evolutionary origins of CAM. This review focuses on five main topics: (1) the permutations and plasticity of CAM, (2) the requirements for CAM evolution, (3) the drivers of CAM evolution, (4) the prevalence and taxonomic distribution of CAM among vascular plants with emphasis on the Orchidaceae and (5) the molecular underpinnings of CAM evolution including circadian clock regulation of gene expression.
    [Show full text]
  • Lamiales – Synoptical Classification Vers
    Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.6.2 (in prog.) Updated: 12 April, 2016 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.6.2 (This is a working document) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, P. Beardsley, D. Bedigian, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, J. Chau, J. L. Clark, B. Drew, P. Garnock- Jones, S. Grose (Heydler), R. Harley, H.-D. Ihlenfeldt, B. Li, L. Lohmann, S. Mathews, L. McDade, K. Müller, E. Norman, N. O’Leary, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, D. Tank, E. Tripp, S. Wagstaff, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, A. Wortley, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and many others [estimated 25 families, 1041 genera, and ca. 21,878 species in Lamiales] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near- term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Demonstration of Commonly Suggested Shade Annual Alternatives to Garden Impatiens
    Demonstration of Commonly Suggested Shade Annual Alternatives to Garden Impatiens Nora Catlin, Floriculture Specialist, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County A trial was established at the Long Island Horticultural Re- Plants were planted into the field under a high tunnel fitted search & Extension Center in the summer of 2013 to demon- with 50% shade cloth from June 20-25. Three plants of a strate commonly suggested shade annual alternatives to cultivar were planted in a row on 12-in centers within the garden impatiens (Impatiens walleriana). The goal of this plot, with 24 inches between plots. Each plot was replicat- trial was to serve as a resource for growers, gardeners, and ed 3 times to account for varying soil conditions or pests. landscapers seeking substitute plants for garden impatiens, The majority of the plant material was in 3- to 4-inch con- which are threatened by impatiens downy mildew. A total tainers at planting, with a few exceptions: the Coleus plants of 43 cultivars of 16 species were grown in the demonstra- were in 4-packs, and Begonia ‘Encanto Orange’ and the two tion garden (Table 1). cultivars of Caladium were in 6-in containers. 2013 Annual Shade Plant Demonstration Trial at the Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center. Table 1. Plants and cultivars included in the 2013 Shade Annual Demonstration Trial. Plant Cultivar Plant Material a Ajuga (Ajuga reptans) ‘Burgundy Glow’ V Begonia (Begonia x benariensis) ‘BIG Red w/ Bronze Leaf’ S Begonia (Begonia x benariensis) ‘BIG Red w/ Green Leaf’
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Paliga Auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) As Black
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology 2 (2) 2021 121-125 Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology www.crbb-journal.com Status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) as black potato pest and its control strategy using natural enemies Erniwatia*, Tiara Sayustib, Woro Anggraitoningsih Noerdjitoa aZoology Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science, bAnimal Bioscience Program, Department of Biology, IPB University ABSTRACT Plectranthus rotundifolius (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) is an edible tuber that is widely distributed in Article history: Asia, covering India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia. P. rotundifolius, which is commonly Received 23 Jul 2020 called black potato in Indonesia, has the potential to be developed for national food Revised 19 Dec 2020 diversification due to its high carbohydrates. However, one of the challenges in black potato Accepted 13 Jan 2021 cultivation is the existence of leaf-eating caterpillar. This study aimed to evaluate the status of Available online 28 Feb 2021 Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larva as an insect pest in black potato plant and to develop the control strategy by using parasitoid as the natural enemies. Observation and Keywords: collection of P. auratalis and other potential insect pests were conducted in 12 black potato plantations located in five provinces of Java island. The life cycle of P. auratalis was observed Paliga auratalis in the laboratory of Zoology Division, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Plectranthus rotundifolius Cryptopimpla Science. Rearing of unhealthy P. auratalis larvae was also conducted to observe the parasitoid. insect pest We identified five moth larvae species that infested black potato plants: Argyrograma sp., parasitoid Pycnarmon cribata, Pleuroptya punctimarginalis, Rehimena diemenalis, and Paliga auratalis.
    [Show full text]
  • Plectranthus: a Plant for the Future? ⁎ L.J
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com South African Journal of Botany 77 (2011) 947–959 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Plectranthus: A plant for the future? ⁎ L.J. Rice a, G.J. Brits b, C.J. Potgieter c, J. Van Staden a, a Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa b Brits Nursery, 28 Flamingo Road, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa c Bews Herbarium, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa Abstract The genus Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) is a significant, prolific and extensively used genus in southern Africa. It plays a dominant role in both horticulture and traditional medicine. Some 12 species are documented for their use in treating ailments by various indigenous peoples of southern Africa. It is a firm favourite in gardens and Plectranthus has been bred to further utilise the remarkable diversity of indigenous South African wildflowers with amenity horticultural potential. Although previously subjected to both horticultural (Van Jaarsveld, 2006) and ethnobotanical (Lukhoba et al., 2006) review, Plectranthus is a genus with economic potential in various sectors, and this article aims to review this potential of southern African species. © 2011 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ethnobotany; Flow cytometry; Flowering pot plants; Genetic resources; Plant Breeders' Rights; Plectranthus; Triploid breeding; Wildflowers 1. Introduction home to the species with most promise for horticulture (Van Jaarsveld, 2006). Other prominent areas of diversity are The genus Plectranthus L'Hér.
    [Show full text]