Fort . St. George 1757
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Royal Citadel of Messina. Hypothesis of Architectural
Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. XV to XVIII centuries / Vol II / Rodríguez-Navarro (Ed.) © 2015 Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015. 1716 The Royal Citadel of Messina. Hypothesis of architectural restoration for the conservation and use Fabrizio Armaleoa, Marco Bonnab, Maria Grazia Isabel Brunoc, Sebastiano Buccad, Valentina Cutropiae, Nicola Faziof, Luigi Feliceg, Federica Gullettah, Vittorio Mondii, Elena Morabitol, Carmelo Rizzom aESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected],bESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], cESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], dESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], eESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], fESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], g ESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], hESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], iESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], lESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected], mESEMeP, Messina, Italy, [email protected] Abstract The hypothesis of architectural restoration wants to ensure the conservation and the use of the Royal Citadel through a conscious reinterpretation of the work and a cautious operation of image reintegration. The Royal Citadel of Messina, wanted by the King of Spain Charles II of Habsburg, was designed and built, at the end of the XVII century, by the military engineer Carlos de Grunenbergh. It is a "start fort" located at the entrance of its natural Sickle port, that is a strategic place for controlling the Strait of Messina, the port and especially the people living here. The project is neither retrospective or imitative of the past forms, nor free from the constraints and guidelines resulting from the historical-critical understanding, but conducted with conceptual rigor and with the specific aim of transmitting the monument to the future in the best possible conditions, even with the assignment of a new function. -
National Historic Landmark Nomination Old San Juan
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 OLD SAN JUAN HISTORIC DISTRICT/DISTRITO HISTÓRICO DEL VIEJO SAN JUAN Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Old San Juan Historic District/Distrito Histórico del Viejo San Juan Other Name/Site Number: Ciudad del Puerto Rico; San Juan de Puerto Rico; Viejo San Juan; Old San Juan; Ciudad Capital; Zona Histórica de San Juan; Casco Histórico de San Juan; Antiguo San Juan; San Juan Historic Zone 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Western corner of San Juan Islet. Roughly bounded by Not for publication: Calle de Norzagaray, Avenidas Muñoz Rivera and Ponce de León, Paseo de Covadonga and Calles J. A. Corretejer, Nilita Vientos Gastón, Recinto Sur, Calle de la Tanca and del Comercio. City/Town: San Juan Vicinity: State: Puerto Rico County: San Juan Code: 127 Zip Code: 00901 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s): ___ Public-Local: X District: _X_ Public-State: X_ Site: ___ Public-Federal: _X_ Structure: ___ Object: ___ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 699 128 buildings 16 6 sites 39 0 structures 7 19 objects 798 119 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 772 Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form ((Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 OLD SAN JUAN HISTORIC DISTRICT/DISTRITO HISTÓRICO DEL VIEJO SAN JUAN Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Plaaces Registration Form 4. -
The Education of a Field Marshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1992 The education of a field am rshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia/ David G. Cotter University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Cotter, David G., "The ducae tion of a field marshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia/" (1992). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 1417. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1417 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EDUCATION OF A FIELD MARSHAL WELLINGTON IN INDIA AND IBERIA A Thesis Presented by DAVID' G. COTTER Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 1992 Department of History Copyright by David G. Cotter 1992 All Rights Reserved ' THE EDUCATION OF A FIELD MARSHAL WELLINGTON IN INDIA AND IBERIA A Thesis Presented by DAVID G. COTTER Approved as to style and content by Franklin B. Wickwire, Chair )1 Mary B/ Wickwire 'Mary /5. Wilson Robert E. Jones^ Department Chai^r, History ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to all in the History department at the University of Massachusetts, especially Professors Stephen Pelz, Marvin Swartz, R. Dean Ware, Mary Wickwire and Mary Wilson. I am particularly indebted to Professor Franklin Wickwire. He performed as instructor, editor, devil's advocate, mentor and friend. -
Validation of a Parametric Approach for 3D Fortification Modelling: Application to Scale Models
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XL-5/W1, 2013 3D-ARCH 2013 - 3D Virtual Reconstruction and Visualization of Complex Architectures, 25 – 26 February 2013, Trento, Italy VALIDATION OF A PARAMETRIC APPROACH FOR 3D FORTIFICATION MODELLING: APPLICATION TO SCALE MODELS K. Jacquot, C. Chevrier, G. Halin MAP-Crai (UMR 3495 CNRSMCC), ENSA Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France (jacquot, chevrier, halin)@crai.archi.fr Commission V, WG V/4 KEY WORDS: architectural heritage, bastioned fortifications, parametric modelling, knowledge based, scale model, 3D surveys ABSTRACT: Parametric modelling approach applied to cultural heritage virtual representation is a field of research explored for years since it can address many limitations of digitising tools. For example, essential historical sources for fortification virtual reconstructions like plans-reliefs have several shortcomings when they are scanned. To overcome those problems, knowledge based-modelling can be used: knowledge models based on the analysis of theoretical literature of a specific domain such as bastioned fortification treatises can be the cornerstone of the creation of a parametric library of fortification components. Implemented in Grasshopper, these components are manually adjusted on the data available (i.e. 3D surveys of plans-reliefs or scanned maps). Most of the fortification area is now modelled and the question of accuracy assessment is raised. A specific method is used to evaluate the accuracy of the parametric components. The results of the assessment process will allow us to validate the parametric approach. The automation of the adjustment process can finally be planned. The virtual model of fortification is part of a larger project aimed at valorising and diffusing a very unique cultural heritage item: the collection of plans-reliefs. -
English Style, from the Late 18Th Century)
WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.7 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CONVENTION BUREAU OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE 23rd session (5 - 10 July 1999) Paris (France) EVALUATIONS OF CULTURAL PROPERTIES Prepared by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) The IUCN and ICOMOS evaluations are made available to members of the Bureau and the World Heritage Committee. A small number of additional copies are also available from the secretariat. Thank you. 1999 Mountains and down to the valley floors. Both rock art and Greater Blue Mountains (Australia) tracks are intact and authentic. The exceptional circumstances of the Greater Blue Mountains are the scale, intensity, and longevity of the No 917 cultural association. It is a place where ancient custodianship over the million hectares of dissected plateaux has been replaced by another, more recent, form of custodianship, significant nonetheless. The intense inter-relationship of nature and people over tens of thousands of years make the Greater Blue Mountains a Identification classic example of the nature-culture continuum, which has exercised the minds of the World Heritage Committee over Nomination The Greater Blue Mountains Area recent years and was given expression in its Global Strategy meeting of March 1998. Cultural criterion vi Location State of New South Wales State Party Australia Category of property Date 30 June 1998 In terms of the categories of cultural property set out in Article 1 of the 1972 World Heritage Convention, this is a site. Note This property is nominated under both natural and History and Description cultural criteria as a mixed site. In this evaluation only that History information from the dossier relating to nomination under the cultural criteria are taken into account. -
Vauban!S Siege Legacy In
VAUBAN’S SIEGE LEGACY IN THE WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION, 1702-1712 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jamel M. Ostwald, M.A. The Ohio State University 2002 Approved by Dissertation Committee: Professor John Rule, Co-Adviser Co-Adviser Professor John Guilmartin, Jr., Co-Adviser Department of History Professor Geoffrey Parker Professor John Lynn Co-Adviser Department of History UMI Number: 3081952 ________________________________________________________ UMI Microform 3081952 Copyright 2003 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ____________________________________________________________ ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road PO Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ABSTRACT Over the course of Louis XIV’s fifty-four year reign (1661-1715), Western Europe witnessed thirty-six years of conflict. Siege warfare figures significantly in this accounting, for extended sieges quickly consumed short campaign seasons and prevented decisive victory. The resulting prolongation of wars and the cost of besieging dozens of fortresses with tens of thousands of men forced “fiscal- military” states to continue to elevate short-term financial considerations above long-term political reforms; Louis’s wars consumed 75% or more of the annual royal budget. Historians of 17th century Europe credit one French engineer – Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban – with significantly reducing these costs by toppling the impregnability of 16th century artillery fortresses. Vauban perfected and promoted an efficient siege, a “scientific” method of capturing towns that minimized a besieger’s casualties, delays and expenses, while also sparing the town’s civilian populace. -
Latin Derivatives Dictionary
Dedication: 3/15/05 I dedicate this collection to my friends Orville and Evelyn Brynelson and my parents George and Marion Greenwald. I especially thank James Steckel, Barbara Zbikowski, Gustavo Betancourt, and Joshua Ellis, colleagues and computer experts extraordinaire, for their invaluable assistance. Kathy Hart, MUHS librarian, was most helpful in suggesting sources. I further thank Gaylan DuBose, Ed Long, Hugh Himwich, Susan Schearer, Gardy Warren, and Kaye Warren for their encouragement and advice. My former students and now Classics professors Daniel Curley and Anthony Hollingsworth also deserve mention for their advice, assistance, and friendship. My student Michael Kocorowski encouraged and provoked me into beginning this dictionary. Certamen players Michael Fleisch, James Ruel, Jeff Tudor, and Ryan Thom were inspirations. Sue Smith provided advice. James Radtke, James Beaudoin, Richard Hallberg, Sylvester Kreilein, and James Wilkinson assisted with words from modern foreign languages. Without the advice of these and many others this dictionary could not have been compiled. Lastly I thank all my colleagues and students at Marquette University High School who have made my teaching career a joy. Basic sources: American College Dictionary (ACD) American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD) Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology (ODEE) Oxford English Dictionary (OCD) Webster’s International Dictionary (eds. 2, 3) (W2, W3) Liddell and Scott (LS) Lewis and Short (LS) Oxford Latin Dictionary (OLD) Schaffer: Greek Derivative Dictionary, Latin Derivative Dictionary In addition many other sources were consulted; numerous etymology texts and readers were helpful. Zeno’s Word Frequency guide assisted in determining the relative importance of words. However, all judgments (and errors) are finally mine. -
Auction No. 118 June 2, 2018 Amoskeagjune 2, 2018 - Sale No
SILENT AUCTION AUCTION NO. 118 JUNE 2, 2018 TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE GENERAL STATEMENTS • The Silent Auction is by absentee bidding only. Absentee bidders must register by filling out and signing an absentee bid sheet. • The highest bidder acknowledged by the auctioneer shall become the owner upon the fall of the hammer. The auctioneer has sole discretion in the case of a dispute among bidders. • Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc. has taken great care in the preparation of the descriptions in this catalog. Although we believe everything in the descriptions to be true, we do not guarantee any part of any description. We recommend that the bidders view the items in person and form their own opinions as to condition, originality, origin, etc. Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc. will consider all requests for refunds. If a customer is unhappy with a purchase we will be happy to discuss a remedy with them. • Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc. reserves the right to reject any bid in order to protect our consignors interests. • Bidding on any item in the sale indicates the bidder’s full acceptance and understanding of all terms and conditions of sale. PAYMENT POLICY • Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc. will accept cash, check, MasterCard, Visa, and American Express as payment for items purchased by those customers who attend the sale. Amoskeag Auction Company, Inc. reserves the right to demand cash or hold merchandise until funds are collected in full. There will be a $35.00 charge for all returned checks. • There will be a Buyer’s Premium of 17.5% added to all purchases. -
La Villita Earthworks
\ LA VILLITA EARTHWORKS. \. (41 ax 677): San Antonio, Texas .' '. A Preliminary Report of Jnvestigations of Mexican Siege Works at the Battle of the Alamo .. Assembled by Joseph H. Labadie With Contributions By Kenneth M. BrowfjI,Anne A. Fox, . Joseph H. Labadie, Sarhuel P. Nesmith, Paul S. Storch, David b. Turner, Shirley Van der Veer, and Alisa J. Winkler Center for Archaeological Research The University of Texas at San Antonio Archaeological Survey Report r No.1 59 1986 © 1981 State of T~xas COVER ILLUSTRATION: Lock from India Pattern Brown Bess musket (ca. 1809-1815), typical of those carried by the Mexican infantry at the battle of the Alamo. Cover illustratiDn by Kenneth M. Brown. / / LA VILLITA EARTHWORKS (41 BX 677): SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS A Preliminary Report of Investigations of Mexican Siege Works at the Battle of the Alamo Assembled by Joseph H. Labadie With contributions by Kenneth M. Brown, Anne A. Fox, Joseph H. Labadie, Samuel P. Nesmith, Paul S. Storch, David D. Turner, Shirley Van der Veer, and Al isa J. Winkler Texas Antiquities Committee Permit No. 480 Thomas R. Hester, Principal Investigator Center for Archaeological Research The University of Texas at San Antonio® Archaeological Survey Report, No. 159 1986 The following information is provided in accordance with the General Rul es of Practice and Procedure, Chapter 41.11 (Investigative Reports), Texas Antiquities Committee: 1. Type of investigation: monitoring of foundation excavations for the relocation of the Fairmount Hotel; 2. Project name: Fairmount I Project; 3. County: Bexar; 4. Principal investigator: Thomas R. Hester; co-principal investigator: Jack D. -
1455189355674.Pdf
THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN Cover by: Peter Bradley LEGAL PAGE: Every effort has been made not to make use of proprietary or copyrighted materi- al. Any mention of actual commercial products in this book does not constitute an endorsement. www.trolllord.com www.chenaultandgraypublishing.com Email:[email protected] Printed in U.S.A © 2013 Chenault & Gray Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Storyteller’s Thesaurus Trademark of Cheanult & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. Chenault & Gray Publishing, Troll Lord Games logos are Trademark of Chenault & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS 1 FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR 1 JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN 1 INTRODUCTION 8 WHAT MAKES THIS BOOK DIFFERENT 8 THE STORYTeller’s RESPONSIBILITY: RESEARCH 9 WHAT THIS BOOK DOES NOT CONTAIN 9 A WHISPER OF ENCOURAGEMENT 10 CHAPTER 1: CHARACTER BUILDING 11 GENDER 11 AGE 11 PHYSICAL AttRIBUTES 11 SIZE AND BODY TYPE 11 FACIAL FEATURES 12 HAIR 13 SPECIES 13 PERSONALITY 14 PHOBIAS 15 OCCUPATIONS 17 ADVENTURERS 17 CIVILIANS 18 ORGANIZATIONS 21 CHAPTER 2: CLOTHING 22 STYLES OF DRESS 22 CLOTHING PIECES 22 CLOTHING CONSTRUCTION 24 CHAPTER 3: ARCHITECTURE AND PROPERTY 25 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND ELEMENTS 25 BUILDING MATERIALS 26 PROPERTY TYPES 26 SPECIALTY ANATOMY 29 CHAPTER 4: FURNISHINGS 30 CHAPTER 5: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 ADVENTurer’S GEAR 31 GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 2 THE STORYTeller’s Thesaurus KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 35 LINENS 36 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS -
Historic Structures Report
i~t«>"l'~.!HI Onrt<:B ~WW. ot IX.'*il'D A C..UUCtion MAY i 1 1960 Oblet lQLeo r1w [Al'ohlteot 14l lcMatb Tb1r4 tenet I Pld 1-Ml,.U 6, Pa. Luldocape ATCbit.ect I ~..... I """"'" ..., 10, 1960 :u.:. ~ K .LJ ia,,n, J ::!_· g :-~ Ooord.111~ i1'.,._0tr;.:..r Officer Tcu Direct.or ~ rr.:Acti~-.1 aincter .._.ecc, •n.nc aructu.. aepon, fart 1,e-1• CUat• M$1t•d I• ,_r ....u.r•Uoa 1• , ... ..bJect report, CONietU. ol ~•-- a..u.. , ..-ataarac1w Dae.a. llUtoricd--. _. An~al .... ., ..,, ., tW.. ----· - .. a1M r..... tilla IOIC to ..-.tt c note. (Sgd.) George A. Palm~ Acting a..U-1 Dtnctor Att ..."7race • a . con tot fttef • ..,, "'..,, of npon / ""'·· aac.., ua..n, .•, ...,of • .,.re FLEASE RETU:m TO: TECHN?C;".t !::;~::r.~AT!C:l c:: :-:-::; DENV ~'.i ~ ::: :·:: ~: c::::·::: i:,·J iO:~rl ~ ~ , ~·.: ~~ ~· :,:::·;:~ ~ I I ATTENTION: Portions of this filmed document are illegible due to the poor quality of I the source document. I I I ,I , I I I I I I rI I HIStt>RIC STRUCTURES REPORT Part. I CASTL! CLilITOH CASTLE Cum'ON NATIONAL IDNUMENT Prepared by Thomaa M. Pit.kin Supervisory park Historian Statue of Liberty ·ational. Monument Mo.y 6. 1960 UCQIMIDID ~~~---"iDtirrie;.c~t~o~r:----------~----~--~--~ Date ------ ~-------.:ae9ial:1~o)tnaa&'i1:-Dni-1r~.;.c~t~o~r:----------------~ Data ----- ------~cc~hi1;.,r.:-Bso:oiiocC-~~--------------- oat• ------ ~--~~-SauUip~a'1r~1~nlttianndde8in~t~----------~--~--- D•t• ------ T!BLE OF CONTENT Subject 1. dminist.rat.iv ta •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••• • • • • • • • • • • • ••••••••••••• ly lilitar;r History ot the tte:ey • • • • • • • • • 5 Origin ot the 'eet tt ry (Castle Clinton) • • • ••• 8 Millt .ary History ot Castle Clinton • • • • • • •••• 1-0 Conatruction History of Ca tle Clinton • • • • • • • • 14 !or storation •• . -
Water and Defense Systems in Els Vilars Fortress (Arbeca, Catalonia, Spain): a Multiproxy Approach
CYPSELA 19. 2012. ISSN: 0213-3431. 49-70 WATER AND DEFENSE SYSTEMS IN ELS VILARS FORTRESS (ARBECA, CATALONIA, SPAIN): A MULTIPROXY APPROACH Power architecture, poliorcetics, moat, well, water resources, hydrography, hydrology, micromorphology, soil science Emili Junyent* Rosa Maria Poch** Carles Balasch** La Fortalesa dels Vilars es caracteritza per la seva fortificació complexa i defensa activa davant del risc de setge o bloqueig en el segle IV a.n.e. El sistema inundable de fossats assegurava el proveïment i la gestió de l’aigua, reforçava la defensa i magnificava l’arquitectura del poder. S’analitzen els recur- sos hídrics potencials de la conca d’escolament de l’Aixaragall –el torrent que l’alimentava– en el seu context paleoclimàtic; i s’estudien les relacions entre l’antic curs d’aigua, els fossats i el pou des de la hidrologia, així com les condicions de funcionament del fossat a partir de l’estudi hidràulic de l’entorn i de la micromorfologia dels sediments acumulats en el fossat. Arquitectura del poder, poliorcètica, fossats, pou, recursos hídrics, hidrografia, hidrologia, micromor- fologia, edafologia La Fortaleza de Els Vilars se caracteriza por su fortificación compleja y la defensa activa ante el riesgo de asedio o bloqueo en el siglo IV a.n.e. El sistema inundable de fosos garantizaba el aprovisionamiento y la gestión del agua, reforzaba la defensa y magnificaba la arquitectura del poder. Se analizan los re- 49 cursos hídricos potenciales de la cuenca de recepción de agua pluvial de l’Aixaragall -el torrente que lo alimentaba- en su contexto paleoclimático; y se estudian las relaciones entre el antiguo curso de agua, los fosos y el pozo desde la hidrología, así como las condiciones de funcionamiento del gran foso a partir del estudio hidráulico del entorno y de la micromorfología de los sedimentos acumulados en el foso.