The Hellenic Saga Gaia (Earth)

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The Hellenic Saga

Gaia (Earth)
Uranus (Heaven)

Oceanus = Tethys

Iapetus (Titan) = Clymene Themis

Prometheus Epimetheus = Pandora
Menoetius

Atlas

Prometheus

• “Prometheus made humans out of earth and water, and he also gave them fire…” (Apollodorus Library 1.7.1)

• … “and scatter-brained Epimetheus from the first was a mischief to men who eat bread; for it was he who first took of Zeus the woman, the maiden whom he had formed” (Hesiod Theogony ca. 509)

Prometheus and Zeus

• Zeus concealed the secret of life • Trick of the meat and fat • Zeus concealed fire • Prometheus stole it and gave it to man

• Freidrich H. Fuger, 1751 - 1818

• Zeus ordered the creation of Pandora • Zeus chained Prometheus to a mountain

• The accounts here are many and confused

Maxfield Parish Prometheus 1919

Prometheus Chained Dirck van Baburen 1594 - 1624

Prometheus

Nicolas-Sébastien Adam 1705 - 1778

Frankenstein:

The Modern Prometheus

• Novel by Mary Shelly • First published in 1818. • The first true Science Fiction novel • Victor Frankenstein is Prometheus

• As with the story of Prometheus, the novel asks about cause and effect, and about responsibility.

• Is man accountable for his creations? • Is God? • Are there moral, ethical constraints on man’s creative urges?

Mary Shelly

• “I saw the pale student of unhallowed arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the hideous phantasm of a man stretched out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and stir with an uneasy, half vital motion. Frightful must it be; for supremely frightful would be the effect of any human endeavour to mock the stupendous mechanism of the Creator of the world” (Introduction to the 1831 edition)
Did I request thee, from my clay To mould me man? Did I solicit thee From darkness to promote me?

John Milton, Paradise Lost 10. 743 – 45. Printed on the inside cover of the 1818 edition.

Pandora William Waterhouse 1896

Pandora

• The name means “all gifts” • Hephaestus made Pandora from earth and water in the shape of the goddesses

• Aphrodite gave her grace • Athena gave her skill • Hermes gave her deceit and shamelessness. • Each god gave her an evil, all in one jar

Pandora and Epimetheus

• Zeus gave Pandora to Epimetheus • Pandora opened her gift-jar and the evils that make human existence difficult were released on the world

• Only Hope remained in the jar.

• Is it the point that Hope is one of the things that plague mankind, and
Zeus withheld it!?

• Pandora’s ‘Box’ is a mistranslation by Erasmus

Pandora
Deucalion

• Son of Prometheus • Married Pyrrha • Zeus decided to destroy humanity with a flood • Prometheus warned Deucalion, he and Pyrrha escaped in a wooden chest

• Stones of Deucalion Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione (1609 – 1664)

Autochthony
‘Born of the Earth’

Deucalion = Pyrrha
Hellen Amphictyon Protogeneia = Zeus
Dorus Xuthus Aeolus

• The descendants of Hellen are the Hellenes, the
Greeks

• His sons divided Greece • Amphictyon became king of Athens

• We will return to him later…

Aeolus
Dorus

Pelasgians
Pelasgians

Xuthus

Recommended publications

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General Index

GENERAL INDEX A.GILIM, and n. Aesopic tradition, , and abstractions, n. nn. –, Acarnania, Aetna, , Acastus, Aetna, n. Accius, and n. Agamemnon, n. , , , accusative, , n. , –, , –, , – Agdistis, Achelous, Agenor, Achilles, , , , , , , , ages, myth of, see races, myth of –, , , , , Agias of Troezen, , Acontius, , n. , , agriculture, , , , , , – and n. , , , , , –, Actaeon, n. , , , , n. , –, ; Actor, agriculture section in Works and Acusilaus of Argos, and n. , Days, , , –, and n. Agrius, Adad, aidos, n. , ; personified, , adamant, adjective(s), , , Aietes, Admonitions of Ipuwar,andn. Aigipan, Adodos, ainos, , –, Adrasteia, Aither, and n. Adriatic (sea), Aithon, , n. Aegean (sea), , , aitiology, , , nn. –, Aegimius, – and n. , , , and Aegle, , n. , , , , Aelian Ajax son of Oileus, Historical miscellany, , Ajax son of Telamon, , , – and n. Aeolic dialect, , –, , Akkadian, n. , n. , , , , –; East Al Mina, , or Asiatic Aeolic, –, Alalu, , n. , , Alcaeus, , , n. Aeolids, , , Alcidamas, , , , , , Aeolis, Eastern, , , –, , n. Aeolism, , , , Alcinous, , n. , n. , Aeolus, –, , , , Aeschines, Alcmaeonidae, Aeschylus, , , , and Alcmaeonis, n. , Alcman, n. , and n. , Prometheus Bound, n. , and n. n. Alcmaon, – general index Alcmene, –, –, Antoninus Liberalis, , , n. , , , Anu, –, , –, –, aoidos see singer Alcyone, , , , aorist, , –, Alexander Aetolus, , n. apate, ; personified, Alexander the Great, n. , Aphrodite, , , n. , and n. , n. , and n. ,
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