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Collected Works, Vol. 25 W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N COLLECTED WORKS h A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME Kh )une –September 191U PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN EDITED BY S T E P A N A P R E S Y A N AND J I M R I O R D A N First printing 1964 Second printing 1974 From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2011 www.marx2mao.com Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 10102–036 l ÇÜà èÇõÄÉå. 014(01)–74 7 CONTENTS PREFACE ....................... 13 JUNE- SEPTEMBER 1917 FIRST ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF WORKERS’ AND SOLDIERS’ DEPUTIES. JUNE 3 -24 (JUNE 16-JULY 7), 1917 ......................... 15 1. SPEECH ON THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE PROVI- SIONAL GOVERNMENT, June 4 (17) ......... 17 2. SPEECH ON THE WAR, June 9 (22) ......... 29 ECONOMIC DISLOCATION AND THE PROLETARIAT’S STRUG- GLE AGAINST IT .................... 43 THE THOUSAND AND FIRST LIE OF THE CAPITALISTS ..... 46 THE DIEHARDS OF JUNE 3 FAVOUR AN IMMEDIATE OFFENSIVE 48 AN ALLIANCE TO STOP THE REVOLUTION .......... 51 GRATITUDE ...................... 54 IS THERE A WAY TO A JUST PEACE? ........... 55 THE ENEMIES OF THE PEOPLE............... 57 NOTE ......................... 59 “THE GREAT WITHDRAWAL” ............... 60 THE USE OF STICKING TO THE POINT IN POLEMICS ..... 63 AN EPIDEMIC OF CREDULITY ............... 65 A BIRD IN THE HAND OR TWO IN THE BUSH ........ 67 INTRODUCTION OF SOCIALISM OR EXPOSURE OF PLUNDER OF THE STATE? .................... 68 CONFUSED AND FRIGHTENED ............... 70 INSINUATIONS ..................... 73 “RUMOURS AGITATING THE POPULATION” .......... 75 A RIDDLE ....................... 76 8 CONTENTS DRAFT STATEMENT BY THE C.C. R. S. D. L. P. (B. ) AND THE BUREAU OF THE BOLSHEVIK GROUP TO THE ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS REGARDING THE BAN ON THE DEM- ONSTRATION ...................... 77 SPEECH ON THE CANCELLATION OF THE DEMONSTRATION, DELIVERED AT A MEETING OF THE PETROGRAD COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), June 11 (24), 1917 ......... 79 THE TURNING-POINT .................. 82 LETTER TO THE EDITOR ................. 84 THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ..... 85 A CONTRADICTORY STAND ................ 88 THE UKRAINE ..................... 91 THE CLASS ORIGINS OF PRESENT-DAY AND “FUTURE” CAVAIGNACS ...................... 93 HOW TO FIGHT COUNTER-REVOLUTION ........... 97 THE UKRAINE AND THE DEFEAT OF THE RULING PARTIES OF RUSSIA ...................... 99 PROSECUTE RODZYANKO AND JUNKOVSKY FOR CONCEALING AN AGENT PROVOCATEUR! ................ 103 STRANGE MISQUOTATIONS ................ 104 RULING AND RESPONSIBLE PARTIES ............ 105 ANOTHER COMMISSION.................. 108 THE EIGHTEENTH OF JUNE ................ 110 THE REVOLUTION, THE OFFENSIVE, AND OUR PARTY ..... 113 IN WHAT WAY DO YOU SOCIALIST-REVOLUTIONARY AND MENSHEVIK GENTLEMEN DIFFER FROM PLEKHANOV? ..... 116 HOW RODZYANKO IS TRYING TO JUSTIFY HIMSELF ...... 117 TO WHAT STATE HAVE THE SOCIALIST-REVOLUTIONARIES AND THE MENSHEVIKS BROUGHT THE REVOLUTION? ..... 118 CAN “JACOBINISM” FRIGHTEN THE WORKING CLASS? ..... 121 THE NEED FOR AN AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS’ UNION IN RUSSIA ........................ 123 Article One ................... 123 Article Two ................... 125 A DISORDERLY REVOLUTION ............... 128 A CLASS SHIFT ..................... 131 MIRACLES OF REVOLUTIONARY ENERGY ........... 134 CONTENTS 9 PHRASES AND FACTS .................. 137 HOW THE CAPITALISTS CONCEAL THEIR PROFITS, Concerning the Issue of Control ................... 140 CRISIS IS APPROACHING, DISLOCATION IS INCREASING .... 142 JUST HOW IS IT TO BE DONE? .............. 145 HOW AND WHY THE PEASANTS WERE DECEIVED ....... 148 WHO IS RESPONSIBLE? ................. 151 WHAT COULD THE CADETS HAVE COUNTED ON WHEN THEY WITHDREW FROM THE CABINET? ............. 153 ALL POWER TO THE SOVIETS! .............. 155 WHERE IS STATE POWER AND WHERE IS COUNTER-REVO- LUTION? .......................FROM MARX 157 FOUL SLANDER BY ULTRA-REACTIONARY NEWSPAPERS AND ALEXINSKY ......................TO MAO 162 SLANDER AND FACTS .................. 163 CLOSE TO THE TRUTH .................. 165 A NEW DREYFUS CASE? ................. 166 APPEAL OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMISSION OF THE PETROGRAD COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.) ............. 167 DREYFUSIAD ...................... 168 IN REFUTATION OF SINISTERNOT RUMOURS FOR........... 170 THREE CRISES ..................... 171 THE QUESTION OF THE BOLSHEVIK LEADERS APPEARING IN COURT .......................COMMERCIAL 176 THE POLITICAL SITUATION ................ 178 LETTER TO THE DISTRIBUTION EDITORS OF NOVAYA ZHIZN ........ 181 LETTER TO THE EDITORS OF PROLETARSKOYE DYELO.... 183 ON SLOGANS ...................... 185 OUR THANKS TO PRINCE G. Y. LVOV ............ 193 CONSTITUTIONAL ILLUSIONS ............... 196 I ....................... 197 II ....................... 201 III ....................... 204 AN ANSWER ...................... 211 I ....................... 211 II ....................... 219 III ....................... 221 10 CONTENTS THE BEGINNING OF BONAPARTISM ............. 223 LESSONS OF THE REVOLUTION .............. 227 I ........................ 229 II ........................ 231 III ........................ 232 IV ........................ 234 V ........................ 234 VI ........................ 236 VII ........................ 239 VIII ........................ 241 IX ........................ 242 Afterword ....................... 243 KAMENEV’S SPEECH IN THE C. E. C. ON THE STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE ..................... 244 RUMOURS OF A CONSPIRACY ............... 247 THEY DO NOT SEE THE WOOD FOR THE TREES ....... 255 POLITICAL BLACKMAIL .................. 261 PAPER RESOLUTIONS .................. 265 THE STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE .............. 269 FROM A PUBLICIST’S DIARY. Peasants and Workers ..... 278 SLANDERERS ...................... 287 TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P....... 289 FROM A PUBLICIST’S DIARY................ 294 1. The Root of the Evil .............. 294 2. Corvée and Socialism .............. 302 CONCERNING THE PARTY PROGRAMME ........... 305 ON ZIMMERWALD .................... 307 VIOLATIONS OF DEMOCRACY IN MASS ORGANISATIONS ..... 308 ON COMPROMISES ................... 309 DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE PRESENT POLITICAL SITUATION 315 THE IMPENDING CATASTROPHE AND HOW TO COMBAT IT 323 Famine Is Approaching .............. 327 Complete Government Inactivity ........... 329 Control Measures Are Known to All and Easy to Take 331 CONTENTS 11 Nationalisation of the Banks ............ 333 Nationalisation of the Syndicates .......... 339 Abolition of Commercial Secrecy........... 342 Compulsory Association .............. 346 Regulation of Consumption ............. 350 Government Disruption of the Work of the Democratic Organisations .................. 353 Financial Collapse and Measures to Combat It .... 357 Can We Go Forward If We Fear to Advance Towards Socialism? ................... 360 The Struggle Against Economic Chaos—and the War .. 364 The Revolutionary Democrats and the Revolutionary Proletariat ................... 367 ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF THE REVOLU- TION ......................... 370 HOW TO GUARANTEE THE SUCCESS OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY. On Freedom of the Press ........... 378 THE STATE AND REVOLUTION. The Marxist Theory of the State and the Tasks of the Proletariat in the Revolution... 385 Preface to the First Edition ............. 387 Preface to the Second Edition............. 389 Chapter I. Class Society and the State ........ 390 1. The State—a Product of the Irreconcilability of Class Antagonisms ............ 390 2. Special Bodies of Armed Men, Prisons, etc. 393 3. The State—an Instrument for the Exploita- tion of the Oppressed Class ........ 396 4. The “Withering Away” of the State, and Violent Revolution ............ 400 Chapter II. The State and Revolution. The Experience of 1848-51 .................... 406 1. The Eve of the Revolution ......... 406 2. The Revolution Summed Up ........ 410 3. The Presentation of the Question by Marx in 1852 ................. 416 Chapter III. The State and Revolution. Experience of the Paris Commune of 1871. Marx’s Analysis ....... 418 1. What Made the Communards’ Attempt Heroic? 418 2. What Is to Replace the Smashed State Machine? ................ 422 3. Abolition of Parliamentarism ........ 427 12 CONTENTS 4. Organisation of National Unity ....... 432 5. Abolition of the Parasite State ....... 435 Chapter IV. Continuation. Supplementary Explanations by Engels .................... 437 1. The Housing Question ........... 438 2. Controversy with the Anarchists ...... 440 3. Letter to Bebel ............. 444 4. Criticism of the Draft of the Erfurt Prog- ramme ................. 447 5. The 1891 Preface to Marx’s The Civil War in France ................. 454 6. Engels on the Overcoming of Democracy ... 459 Chapter V. The Economic Basis of the Withering Away of the State ................... 461 1. Presentation of the Question by Marx .... 462 2. The Transition from Capitalism to Communism 464 3. The First Phase of Communist Society .... 469 4. The Higher Phase of Communist Society ... 473 Chapter VI. The Vulgarisation of Marxism by the Oppor- tunists ..................... 480 1. Plekhanov’s Controversy with the Anarchists 480 2. Kautsky’s
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