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CIUPANEL 2014-2016 Crisis and challenges in Spain: attitudes and political behaviour during the economic and the political representation crisis. Pre- and Post- General election dataset 2015-2016: CNEP variables Variable Information Document Version February, 5th, 2016 Mariano Torcal, Sergio Martini, Danilo Serani Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani Proyecto de investigación patrocinado por el: En colaboración con: Como citar los datos: Torcal, M., Martini, S., Serani, D. (2016). Crisis y reto en la ciudadanía en España: actitudes y comportamiento político de los españoles ante la crisis económica y de representación política (CIUPANEL). Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CSO2013-47071-R, 2014-2016, PI: Mariano Torcal). How to quote this dataset: Torcal, M., Martini, S., Serani, D. (2016). Crisis and challenges in Spain: attitudes and political behaviour during the economic and the political representation crisis (CIUPANEL). Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CSO2013-47071-R, 2014-2016, PI: Mariano Torcal). Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Description of the sample and the data files ......................................................................................... 2 A1. Objective of the survey ........................................................................................................................ 2 A2. Pre- and Post-European election waves 2014 ............................................................................... 3 A2.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ................................................................................... 4 A3. Third intermediate survey December 2014-January 2015 ....................................................... 7 A3.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ................................................................................... 7 A4. Post- Regional and Local election survey 2015 ........................................................................... 9 A4.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ................................................................................. 10 A5. Pre- General election survey 2015 ................................................................................................. 12 A5.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ................................................................................. 13 A6. Post- General election survey 2015 ............................................................................................... 15 A6.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ................................................................................. 15 A7. Cross-sectional and longitudinal dataset ...................................................................................... 18 B. Principle of variable definitions .............................................................................................................. 20 B1. Variable names ...................................................................................................................................... 20 B2. Variable formats ................................................................................................................................... 20 B3. Missing values ....................................................................................................................................... 20 B4. Pre- and Post- General election dataset 2015-2016: CNEP variables ................................ 20 B4.1 Variable definitions ...................................................................................................................... 20 Introduction The purpose of this document is to offer all the details related to the variables that overlap with the CNEP project and relates to political discussion and intermediation. The majority of these variables are included in the last two waves of the CIUPANEL project, namely the pre- and the post-general election surveys carried out between December 2015 and January 2016. Section A provides a general overview of the survey and the final sample. Then, in this section the panel structure of the data is described by considering how many panelists participated in all the waves and when we introduced new participants in order to deal with panel attrition. Section B explains all criteria for the definition of variables, how the 'missing' values have been coded and how all variables have been defined and measured (variables labels and value labels). The fieldwork was conducted in collaboration with Netquest (www.netquest.com). 1 Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani A. Description of the sample and the data files A1. Objective of the survey Modern representative democracies in Europe are facing new challenges. One of the most problematic is the relationship between the citizens and the political system which involves some basic dimensions and processes. More specifically, there are some aspects that appear to be of particular interest, such as the instability of voting behaviours and the increasing abstention; the critical attitudes of citizens towards national democratic systems; and the change in citizens’s support for the European Union institutions and its policies. The Spanish case is no an exception to this phenomenon. Ineed, in this country the situation might have deteriorated due to the severe economic crisis occurred in the last few years and to the austerity measures adopted by the national government. These policies which has been the result of external constrains at the European and the supranational levels, has impacted deeply the social and economic fabrics of the country as well as its basic public services. Therefore, this research proposes to study the effect of these challenges with regard to three basic dimensions of the relationship between the citizens and the political system: 1) the attitudes towards democracy and political disaffection, 2) the attitudes towards the European Union and, finally, 3) the voting behavior and political participation. In order to achieve this goal, this project adopts an innovative research design which combines a panel study with several experiments embedded. The panel study consists of an online national sample of Spanish citizens which have been followed for two years across six different waves: 1. Pre-European Elections survey on May 2014. 2. Post-European Elections survey on May-June 2014. 3. A third intermediate survey conducted in December-January 2014-2015. 4. Post-Regional and Local election on May-June 2015. 5. Pre-survey of the Spanish general elections on December 2015. 6. Post-survey of the Spanish general elections on December 2015. The data includes information on various individual characteristics, among others: socio- demographic features; political interest; political information; political knowledge at national and European level; political disaffection; opinions and attitudes toward major regional and national institutions; opinions and attitudes towards the European Union; social trust; political trust; corruption; problems that citizens considered as important; attribution of responsibility in managing the economic crisis and accountability of major national and European institutions; assessment of individual and social economic situation; partisanship; Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani ideological self-placement and the positions of on the left-right scale; positions of parties in regional and European issues; whether the respondent is member of any social and political organization; political participation in various activities; party voted and intention or probability to vote in various elections (European, regional and general elections); national/regional/european identity; feelings towards different political/regional candidates and social/political groups; use of media and aspects of election campaigns; opinions on specific policy issues; political discussion and intermediation; knowledge and evaluation of various political candidates. Additionally, the survey includes experiments on European issues; effects of informational shortcuts (party, ideology and candidate cues); responsibility attribution; and methodological experiments on some questions related to partisanship and knowledge of candidates (logo, acronym, name). It is worth noting that the CIUPANEL data set consists of a non-probabilistic online sample which is nationally representative by specific quotas.1 Thus, the user is warmly suggested to consider this aspect when analyzing the data, discussing the results or making inferences. In this sense, no weighting procedure are provided while it is suggested to take advantage of one of the main strength of the survey, namely its panel structure. It would be also useful to follow the best practices proposed by the American Association for Public Opinion (AAPOR) regarding the use and analysis of non-probability samples.2 The CIUPANEL project also includes questions of the European Social Survey (ESS); the Barometer carried out by the Centro de Investigacion Sociologicas (CIS); the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES); the General Social Survey (GSS); the American National Election Study (ANES); the European Election Study (EES) and del Comparative National Elections
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