CIUPANEL 2014-2016

Crisis and challenges in Spain: attitudes and political behaviour during the economic and the political representation crisis.

Pre- and Post- General election dataset 2015-2016: CNEP variables

Variable Information Document

Version February, 5th, 2016

Mariano Torcal, Sergio Martini, Danilo Serani

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Proyecto de investigación patrocinado por el:

En colaboración con:

Como citar los datos:

Torcal, M., Martini, S., Serani, D. (2016). Crisis y reto en la ciudadanía en España: actitudes y comportamiento político de los españoles ante la crisis económica y de representación política (CIUPANEL). Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CSO2013-47071-R, 2014-2016, PI: Mariano Torcal).

How to quote this dataset:

Torcal, M., Martini, S., Serani, D. (2016). Crisis and challenges in Spain: attitudes and political behaviour during the economic and the political representation crisis (CIUPANEL). Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CSO2013-47071-R, 2014-2016, PI: Mariano Torcal).

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Table of Contents

Introduction ...... 1 A. Description of the sample and the data files ...... 2 A1. Objective of the survey ...... 2 A2. Pre- and Post-European election waves 2014 ...... 3 A2.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ...... 4 A3. Third intermediate survey December 2014-January 2015 ...... 7 A3.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ...... 7 A4. Post- Regional and Local election survey 2015 ...... 9 A4.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ...... 10 A5. Pre- General election survey 2015 ...... 12 A5.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ...... 13 A6. Post- General election survey 2015 ...... 15 A6.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness ...... 15 A7. Cross-sectional and longitudinal dataset ...... 18 B. Principle of variable definitions ...... 20 B1. Variable names ...... 20 B2. Variable formats ...... 20 B3. Missing values ...... 20 B4. Pre- and Post- General election dataset 2015-2016: CNEP variables ...... 20 B4.1 Variable definitions ...... 20

Introduction

The purpose of this document is to offer all the details related to the variables that overlap with the CNEP project and relates to political discussion and intermediation. The majority of these variables are included in the last two waves of the CIUPANEL project, namely the pre- and the post-general election surveys carried out between December 2015 and January 2016.

Section A provides a general overview of the survey and the final sample. Then, in this section the panel structure of the data is described by considering how many panelists participated in all the waves and when we introduced new participants in order to deal with panel attrition. Section B explains all criteria for the definition of variables, how the 'missing' values have been coded and how all variables have been defined and measured (variables labels and value labels).

The fieldwork was conducted in collaboration with Netquest (www.netquest.com).

1 Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A. Description of the sample and the data files

A1. Objective of the survey

Modern representative democracies in Europe are facing new challenges. One of the most problematic is the relationship between the citizens and the political system which involves some basic dimensions and processes. More specifically, there are some aspects that appear to be of particular interest, such as the instability of voting behaviours and the increasing abstention; the critical attitudes of citizens towards national democratic systems; and the change in citizens’s support for the European Union institutions and its policies.

The Spanish case is no an exception to this phenomenon. Ineed, in this country the situation might have deteriorated due to the severe economic crisis occurred in the last few years and to the austerity measures adopted by the national government. These policies which has been the result of external constrains at the European and the supranational levels, has impacted deeply the social and economic fabrics of the country as well as its basic public services. Therefore, this research proposes to study the effect of these challenges with regard to three basic dimensions of the relationship between the citizens and the political system: 1) the attitudes towards democracy and political disaffection, 2) the attitudes towards the European Union and, finally, 3) the voting behavior and political participation.

In order to achieve this goal, this project adopts an innovative research design which combines a panel study with several experiments embedded. The panel study consists of an online national sample of Spanish citizens which have been followed for two years across six different waves:

1. Pre-European Elections survey on May 2014. 2. Post-European Elections survey on May-June 2014. 3. A third intermediate survey conducted in December-January 2014-2015. 4. Post-Regional and Local election on May-June 2015. 5. Pre-survey of the Spanish general elections on December 2015. 6. Post-survey of the Spanish general elections on December 2015.

The data includes information on various individual characteristics, among others: socio- demographic features; political interest; political information; political knowledge at national and European level; political disaffection; opinions and attitudes toward major regional and national institutions; opinions and attitudes towards the European Union; social trust; political trust; corruption; problems that citizens considered as important; attribution of responsibility in managing the economic crisis and accountability of major national and European institutions; assessment of individual and social economic situation; partisanship;

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

ideological self-placement and the positions of on the left-right scale; positions of parties in regional and European issues; whether the respondent is member of any social and political organization; political participation in various activities; party voted and intention or probability to vote in various elections (European, regional and general elections); national/regional/european identity; feelings towards different political/regional candidates and social/political groups; use of media and aspects of election campaigns; opinions on specific policy issues; political discussion and intermediation; knowledge and evaluation of various political candidates. Additionally, the survey includes experiments on European issues; effects of informational shortcuts (party, ideology and candidate cues); responsibility attribution; and methodological experiments on some questions related to partisanship and knowledge of candidates (logo, acronym, name).

It is worth noting that the CIUPANEL data set consists of a non-probabilistic online sample which is nationally representative by specific quotas.1 Thus, the user is warmly suggested to consider this aspect when analyzing the data, discussing the results or making inferences. In this sense, no weighting procedure are provided while it is suggested to take advantage of one of the main strength of the survey, namely its panel structure. It would be also useful to follow the best practices proposed by the American Association for Public Opinion (AAPOR) regarding the use and analysis of non-probability samples.2

The CIUPANEL project also includes questions of the European Social Survey (ESS); the Barometer carried out by the Centro de Investigacion Sociologicas (CIS); the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES); the General Social Survey (GSS); the American National Election Study (ANES); the European Election Study (EES) and del Comparative National Elections Project (CNEP).

A2. Pre- and Post-European election waves 2014

The first survey consists of two waves, one conducted before and the other after the European elections of 25 May 2014.

1 According to one of the last survey of the Spanish National Institute of Statistics on the ”Use of Information and Communication Technology in the Spanish households” published on October 2014, 74,4% of the households in Spain had an Internet connection installed (almost three percentage points more than 2013) and that 73,3% of the population between 16 a 74 years of age had used a computer at least once during the three months before the survey (www.ine.es). 2 Baker, R., Brick, J. M., Bates, N. A., Battaglia, M., Couper, M. P., Dever, J. A, Gile, K. J., Tourangeau, R. (2013). Summary report of the AAPoR on non-probability sampling. Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology, 1(2): 90-143. It is possible to download the article at the webpage of the Journal of Survey Statistic and Methodology.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A2.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness

The sample consists of an online panel. Quotas are fixed by gender, age, education, habitat, and autonomous community.

A2.1.1 Sample design

Area National (Spain)

Population Individuals older than 18 years of age

Size Pre-EU election 3916 interviews Post-EU election 2639 interviews

Fieldwork Netquest (nonprobabilistic online panel)

A2.1.2 Structure of the sample

The sample has been created by means of online invitations among pre-selected panelists:

Pre-EU Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 20/05/14 196 160 82% M2 21/05/14 2539 2116 83% M3 21/05/14 200 178 89% M4 23/05/14 1201 760 63% M5 22/05/14 194 159 82% M6 22/05/14 2165 1729 80% TOTAL 6495 5102 80%

Post-EU Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 17/06/14 200 180 90% M2 18/06/14 400 350 88% M3 20/06/14 2000 1727 86% M4 26/06/14 988 780 79% TOTAL 3588 3037 86%

A2.1.3 Survey participation

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A more detailed overview of the 5102 participants of the Pre-election survey and of the 3037 of the Post-election survey is displayed by the following tables (sum of “completed”, “completed ISO”, “Filtered”, “Full quota, “Excluded interviews” y “Closed interviews”):

Pre- N Completed 3916 by ISO (1) 0 Filtered 152 by ISO (2) 152 Full quota (3) 11 by CC.AA. 0 by age 0 by sex 0 Security Question KO 0 Excluded interviews (4) 403 Closed interviews (5) 620 Incomplete interviews (6) 0

Post- N Completed 2639 by ISO (1) 0 Filtered 0 by ISO (2) 0 Full quota (3) 291 by CC.AA. 0 by age 0 by sex 0 Security Question KO 0 Excluded interviews (4) 91 Closed interviews (5) 16 Incomplete interviews (6) 0

(1) Completed ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest considers as not valid those interviews that have been completed 20% faster than the estimated duration.

(2) Cases filtered by ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest checks panelists by asking few preliminary questions abour gender and age. If the information provided does not correspond the one available, the interview is discarded.

(3) Full quota

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Those interviews that are discarded after having already reached the fixed quota in the sample. This includes a total number of 302 cases among the two waves.

(4) Excluded interviews Due to an error occurred during fieldwork, Netquest was not able to re-contact 403 cases in the Pre-election survey and 91 cases in the Post-election survey.

(5) Closed interviews Those interviews that were completed after the fieldwork was already closed. This category includes a total number of 636 cases that have tried to get access to the survey when this was already complete.

(6) Incomplete interviews This category comprises those interviews that remained incomplete. These interviews are not included in the final number of participants.

A2.1.4 Quotas and final distribution on basic key variables

Sex Target % Pre % Pre Post % Post MALE 1 1348 49% 2122 54% 1352 51% FEMALE 2 1403 51% 1794 46% 1287 49% Age Target % Pre % Pre Post % Post 18-24 1 244 9% 375 10% 244 9% 25-34 2 498 18% 704 18% 444 17% 35-44 3 564 21% 794 20% 516 20% 45-54 4 487 18% 769 20% 487 18% 55+ 5 957 35% 1.274 33% 948 36% CCAA Target % Pre % Pre Post % Post ANDALUCIA 1 501 18% 645 16% 447 17% ARAGÓN 2 78 3% 122 3% 78 3% ASTURIAS, PRINCIPADO DE 3 63 2% 100 3% 63 2% BALEARS, ILLES 4 65 2% 87 2% 63 2% CANARIAS 5 123 4% 147 4% 101 4% CANTABRIA 6 35 1% 47 1% 35 1% CASTILLA Y LEÓN 7 148 5% 233 6% 149 6% CASTILLA - LA MANCHA 8 123 4% 146 4% 114 4% CATALUÑA 9 441 16% 730 19% 449 17% COMUNITAT VALENCIANA 10 298 11% 414 11% 293 11% EXTREMADURA 11 64 2% 78 2% 55 2% GALICIA 12 162 6% 224 6% 155 6% MADRID, COMUNIDAD DE 13 378 14% 569 15% 381 14% MURCIA, REGIÓN DE 14 86 3% 116 3% 83 3% NAVARRA, COMUNIDAD FORAL DE 15 37 1% 55 1% 37 1%

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

PAÍS VASCO 16 128 5% 173 4% 117 4% LA RIOJA 17 19 1% 30 1% 19 1% Education Target % Pre % Post % Education: lower than university level 1 1929 70% 2358 60% 1613 61% Education: higher than university 2 821 30% 1558 40% 1026 39% Habitat Target % Pre % Post % Less than 50.000 inhabitants 1 1320 48% 1760 45% 1271 48% 50.000 - 200.000 2 633 23% 932 24% 576 22% More than 200.000 3 798 29% 1224 31% 792 30%

A3. Third intermediate survey December 2014-January 2015

The third wave has been conducted between December 2014 and January 2015 inviting the same panelists who had participated at least in one of the two previous waves.

A3.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness

The sample consists of an online panel. Quotas are fixed by gender, age and autonomous community.

A3.1.1 Sample design

Area National (Spain)

Population Individuals older than 18 years of age

Size 2562 intervies

Fieldwork Netquest (nonprobabilistic online panel)

A3.1.2 Structure of the sample

The sample has been created by means of online invitations among pre-selected panelists:

Third wave Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 23-12-2014 200 189 95%

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

M2 24-12-2014 1871 1653 88% M3 26-12-2014 215 206 96% M4 30-12-2014 310 219 71% M5 31-12-2014 875 610 70% M6 02-01-2015 82 56 69% TOTAL 3553 2933 82%

A3.1.3 Survey participation

A more detailed overview of the 2933 participants of the third survey is displayed by the following tables (sum of “Completd”, “Completed ISO”, “Filtered”, “Full quota, “Excluded interviews” y “Closed interviews”) :

Third wave N Completed 2562 by ISO (1) 2 Filtered 31 by ISO (2) 31 Full quota (3) 291 by CC.AA. 10 by age 71 by sex 125 Security Question KO 38 Excluded interviews (4) 0 Closed interviews (5) 47 Incomplete interviews (6) 102

(1) Completed ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest considers as not valid those interviews that have been completed 20% faster than the estimated duration.

(2) Cases filtered by ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest checks panelists by asking few preliminary questions abour gender and age. If the information provided does not correspond the one available, the interview is discarded.

(3) Full quota Those interviews that are discarded after having already reached the fixed quota in the sample. This includes a total number of 291 cases.

(4) Closed interviews

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Those interviews that were completed after the fieldwork was already closed. This category includes 47 cases that have tried to get access to the survey when this was already complete.

(5) Incomplete interviews This category comprises those interviews that remained incomplete. These interviews are not included in the final number of participants.

A3.1.4 Quotas and final distribution on basic key variables

% Quota Sex Third wave % Distr MALE 49% 1 1352 53% FEMALE 51% 2 1210 47% TOTAL 100% 2562 100% % Quota Age Third wave % Distr 18-24 9% 1 185 7,20% 25-34 18% 2 407 15,90% 35-44 21% 3 521 20,30% 45-54 18% 4 487 19,00% 55+ 35% 5 962 37,50% TOTAL 100% 2562 100% % Quota CCAA Third wave % Distr ANDALUCIA 18,2% 1 445 17,40% ARAGÓN 2,9% 2 77 3,00% ASTURIAS, PRINCIPADO DE 2,3% 3 67 2,60% BALEARS, ILLES 2,4% 4 61 2,40% CANARIAS 4,5% 5 99 3,90% CANTABRIA 1,3% 6 32 1,20% CASTILLA Y LEON 5,4% 7 149 5,80% CASTILLA - LA MANCHA 4,5% 8 113 4,40% CATALUNA 16,0% 9 436 17% COMUNITAT VALENCIANA 10,9% 10 278 10,90% EXTREMADURA 2,3% 11 61 2,40% GALICIA 5,9% 12 145 5,70% MADRID, COMUNIDAD DE 13,7% 13 367 14,30% MURCIA, REGION DE 3,1% 14 71 2,80% NAVARRA, COMUNIDAD FORAL DE 1,4% 15 36 1,40% PAIS VASCO 4,6% 16 108 4,20% LA RIOJA 0,7% 17 17 0,70% TOTAL 100% 2562 100%

A4. Post- Regional and Local election survey 2015

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

The forth wave has been conducted after Regional and Local elections held on 24 May 2015, inviting the same panelists who had participated at least in one of the three previous waves.

A4.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness

The sample consists of an online panel. Quotas are fixed by gender, age and autonomous community.

A4.1.1 Sample design

Area National (Spain)

Population Individuals older than 18 years of age

Size 2593 interviews

Fieldwork Netquest (nonprobabilistic online panel)

A4.1.2 Structure of the sample

The sample has been created by means of online invitations among pre-selected panelists:

Post-Regional and Local election Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 04-06-2015 193 101 52% M2 05-06-2015 220 125 56% M3 05-06-2015 436 398 91% M4 08-06-2015 1.157 1.118 97% M5 08-06-2015 325 296 91% M6 09-06-2015 187 161 86% M7 10-06-2015 45 35 78% M8 11-06-2015 102 93 90% M9 11-06-2015 70 49 69% M10 12-06-2015 47 39 83% M11 15-06-2015 152 122 77% M12 15-06-2015 111 86 76% M13 18-06-2015 30 20 63% M14 18-06-2015 26 13 46% M15 22-06-2015 629 476 75%

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

TOTAL 3.730 3.132 84%

A4.1.3 Survey participation

A more detailed overview of the 3132 participants of the fourth survey is displayed by the following tables (sum of “Completed”, “Completed ISO”, “Filtered”, “Full quota, “Excluded interviews” y “Closed interviews”):

Post-Regional and Local election N Completed 2593 by ISO (1) 3 Filtered 31 by ISO (2) 31 Full quota (3) 209 by CC.AA. 2 by age 207 by sex 0 Security Question KO 0 Excluded interviews (4) 193 Closed interviews (5) 103 Incomplete interviews (6) 111

(1) Completed ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest considers not valid those interviews that have been completed 20% faster than the estimated duration.

(2) Cases filtered by ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest checks panelists by asking few preliminary questions abour gender and age. If the information provided does not correspond the one available, the interview is discarded.

(3) Full quota Those interviews that are discarded after having already reached the fixed quota in the sample. This includes a total number of 209 cases.

(4) Excluded interviews Due to an error occurred during fieldwork, Netquest was not able to re-contact 193 cases.

(5) Closed interviews Those interviews that were completed after the fieldwork was already closed. This category includes a total number of 103 cases that have tried to get access to the survey when this was already complete.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

(6) Incomplete interviews This category comprises those interviews that remained incomplete. These interviews are not included in the final number of participants.

A4.1.4 Quotas and final distribution on basic key variables

% Quota Sex Fourth wave % Distr

MALE 49% 1 1244 48% FEMALE 51% 2 1349 52% TOTAL 100% 2593 100% % Quota Age Fourth wave % Distr 18-24 9% 1 250 9,6% 25-34 18% 2 502 19,4% 35-44 21% 3 476 18,4% 45-54 18% 4 456 17,6% 55+ 35% 5 909 35,1% TOTAL 100% 2593 100% % Quota CCAA Fourth wave % Distr ANDALUCIA 18,2% 1 460 17,7% ARAGÓN 2,9% 2 78 3% ASTURIAS, PRINCIPADO DE 2,3% 3 63 2,4% BALEARS, ILLES 2,4% 4 59 2,3% CANARIAS 4,5% 5 102 3,9% CANTABRIA 1,3% 6 31 1,2% CASTILLA Y LEON 5,4% 7 146 5,6% CASTILLA - LA MANCHA 4,5% 8 115 4,4% CATALUÑA 16,0% 9 416 16% COMUNITAT VALENCIANA 10,9% 10 284 11% EXTREMADURA 2,3% 11 61 2,4% GALICIA 5,9% 12 153 5,9% MADRID, COMUNIDAD DE 13,7% 13 372 14,3% MURCIA, REGION DE 3,1% 14 82 3,2% NAVARRA, COMUNIDAD FORAL DE 1,4% 15 37 1,4% PAÍS VASCO 4,6% 16 117 4,5% LA RIOJA 0,7% 17 17 0,7% TOTAL 100% 2593 100%

A5. Pre- General election survey 2015

The fifth wave has been conducted before General elections held on 20 December 2015, inviting the same panelists who had participated at least in one of the four previous waves.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A5.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness

The sample consists of an online panel. Quotas are fixed by gender, age and autonomous community.

A5.1.1 Sample design

Area National (Spain)

Population Individuals older than 18 years of age

Size 2411 interviews

Fieldwork Netquest (nonprobabilistic online panel)

A5.1.2 Structure of the sample

The sample has been created by means of online invitations among pre-selected panelists:

Post-General election Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 10-12-2015 230 217 94% M2 11-12-2015 412 384 93% M3 13-12-2015 1.333 1.254 94% M4 14-12-2015 247 228 92% M5 14-12-2015 147 111 75% M6 15-12-2015 157 124 79% M7 15-12-2015 28 15 54% M8 16-12-2015 124 85 69% M9 16-12-2015 68 51 75% M10 16-12-2015 32 24 75% M11 17-12-2015 83 57 69% M12 17-12-2015 15 12 80% M13 18-12-2015 36 25 69% M14 18-12-2015 4 4 100% TOTAL 2.916 2.591 88%

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A5.1.3 Survey participation

A more detailed overview of the 2591 participants of the firfth survey is displayed by the following tables (sum of “Completed”, “Completed ISO”, “Filtered”, “Full quota, “Excluded interviews” y “Closed interviews”):

Post-General election N Completed 2411 by ISO (1) 0 Filtered 19 by ISO (2) 19 Full quota (3) 0 by CC.AA. 0 by age 0 by sex 0 Security Question KO 0 Excluded interviews (4) 0 Closed interviews (5) 161 Incomplete interviews (6) 56

(1) Completed ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest considers not valid those interviews that have been completed 20% faster than the estimated duration.

(2) Cases filtered by ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest checks panelists by asking few preliminary questions abour gender and age. If the information provided does not correspond the one available, the interview is discarded.

(3) Full quota Those interviews that are discarded after having already reached the fixed quota in the sample.

(4) Closed interviews Those interviews that were completed after the fieldwork was already closed. This category includes 161 cases that have tried to get access to the survey when this was already complete.

(5) Incomplete interviews This category comprises those interviews that remained incomplete. These interviews are not included in the final number of participants.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A5.1.4 Quotas and final distribution on basic key variables

% Quota Sex Fifth wave % Distr

MALE 49% 1 1227 51% FEMALE 51% 2 1184 49% TOTAL 100% 2411 100% % Quota Age Fifth wave % Distr

18-24 49% 1 1227 51% 25-34 18% 2 428 18% 35-44 21% 3 468 19% 45-54 18% 4 446 18% 55+ 35% 5 888 37% TOTAL 100% 2411 100% % Quota CCAA Fifth wave % Distr

ANDALUCIA 49% 1 1227 51% ARAGÓN 2,9% 2 83 3% ASTURIAS, PRINCIPADO DE 2,3% 3 65 3% BALEARS, ILLES 2,4% 4 53 2% CANARIAS 4,5% 5 85 4% CANTABRIA 1,3% 6 39 2% CASTILLA Y LEON 5,4% 7 133 6% CASTILLA - LA MANCHA 4,5% 8 103 4% CATALUÑA 16,0% 9 398 17% COMUNITAT VALENCIANA 10,9% 10 261 11% EXTREMADURA 2,3% 11 54 2% GALICIA 5,9% 12 130 5% MADRID, COMUNIDAD DE 13,7% 13 349 14% MURCIA, REGION DE 3,1% 14 71 3% NAVARRA, COMUNIDAD FORAL DE 1,4% 15 41 2% PAÍS VASCO 4,6% 16 110 5% LA RIOJA 0,7% 17 20 1% TOTAL 100% 2411 100%

A6. Post- General election survey 2015

The sixth wave has been conducted after General elections held on 20 December 2015, inviting the same panelists who had participated the previous fifth wave.

A6.1 Sample: quotas and representativeness

The sample consists of an online panel. Quotas are fixed by gender, age and autonomous community.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

A6.1.1 Sample design

Area National (Spain)

Population Individuals older than 18 years of age

Size 2264 interview

Fieldwork Netquest (nonprobabilistic online panel)

A6.1.2 Structure of the sample

The sample has been created by means of online invitations among pre-selected panelists:

Post-General election Date of invitation Invitated Participants % M1 22-12-2015 300 295 98% M2 23-12-2015 1111 1064 96% M3 24-12-2015 105 90 86% M4 29-12-2015 796 750 94% M5 30-12-2015 72 63 88% M6 31-12-2015 6 6 100% M7 03-01-2016 13 13 100% M8 04-01-2016 5 3 90% M9 07-01-2015 1 0 0% TOTAL 2409 2286 95%

A6.1.3 Survey participation

A more detailed overview of the 2286 participants of the sixth survey is displayed by the following tables (sum of “Completed”, “Completed ISO”, “Filtered”, “Full quota, “Excluded interviews” y “Closed interviews”):

Post-General election N Completed 2264 by ISO (1) 1 Filtered 15 by ISO (2) 15

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Full quota (3) 2 by CC.AA. 2 by age 0 by sex 0 Security Question KO 0 Excluded interviews (4) 0 Closed interviews (5) 4 Incomplete interviews (6) 39

(1) Completed ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest considers not valid those interviews that have been completed 20% faster than the estimated duration.

(2) Cases filtered by ISO According to ISO standards, Netquest checks panelists by asking few preliminary questions abour gender and age. If the information provided does not correspond the one available, the interview is discarded.

(3) Full quota Those interviews that are discarded after having already reached the fixed quota in the sample. This includes a total number of 2 cases.

(4) Closed interviews Those interviews that were completed after the fieldwork was already closed. This category includes 4 cases that have tried to get access to the survey when this was already complete.

(5) Incomplete interviews This category comprises those interviews that remained incomplete. These interviews are not included in the final number of participants.

A6.1.4 Quotas and final distribution on basic key variables

% Quota Sex Sixth wave % Distr

MALE 49% 1 1167 52% FEMALE 51% 2 1097 48% TOTAL 100% 2264 100% % Quota Age Sixth wave % Distr 18-24 9% 1 164 7% 25-34 18% 2 383 17% 35-44 21% 3 446 20% 45-54 18% 4 427 19% 55+ 35% 5 844 37%

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

TOTAL 100% 2264 100% % Quota CCAA Sixth wave % Distr ANDALUCIA 18,2% 1 394 17% ARAGÓN 2,9% 2 78 3% ASTURIAS, PRINCIPADO DE 2,3% 3 60 3% BALEARS, ILLES 2,4% 4 48 2% CANARIAS 4,5% 5 78 3% CANTABRIA 1,3% 6 35 2% CASTILLA Y LEON 5,4% 7 126 6% CASTILLA - LA MANCHA 4,5% 8 96 4% CATALUÑA 16,0% 9 373 16% COMUNITAT VALENCIANA 10,9% 10 244 11% EXTREMADURA 2,3% 11 51 2% GALICIA 5,9% 12 124 5% MADRID, COMUNIDAD DE 13,7% 13 327 14% MURCIA, REGION DE 3,1% 14 70 3% NAVARRA, COMUNIDAD FORAL DE 1,4% 15 39 2% PAÍS VASCO 4,6% 16 102 5% LA RIOJA 0,7% 17 19 1% TOTAL 100% 2264 100%

A7. Cross-sectional and longitudinal dataset

A large number of Spanish citizens have participated in at least one of the surveys carried out between 2014 and 2016. In the following table, we present in detail the structure of the sample both at the cross-sectional level and at the longitudinal one. More specifically, we show the number of panelist who have participated in each single wave as well as the total number of completed interviews. In the same way, we also describe how many panelists have participated longitudinally in all six surveys and at which time-point we have introduced new panelists in order to increase the sample and its representativeness.

Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 3 Wave 4 Wave 5 Wave 6

N of cross-sectional cases in each wave 3916 2639 2562 2593 2411 2264 N panelist introduced 0 0 193 224 126 0 Total N of cross-sectional cases (1-6) 4459 Total N of longitudinal cases (1-6) 1447

The following table, instead, shows a comparison of the distribution of some basic socio- demographic caracteristics (e.g. sex, age, CCAA and education) in the six waves of the CIUPANEL project with the same variables from a national post-European election study carried out by the CIS in 2014 (study 3028; in order to ensure greater comparability only

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Internet users are considered). As it an be seen, the distribution of each variable in the CIUPANEL approximates the one achieved by the CIS study with the only exception of education. In this respect, in the CIUPANEL dataset we have a overrepresentation of more educated people.

Wave Wave Wave Wave Wave Wave Variable CIS MD3028* 1 2 3 4 5 6 % Femal 54,2 51,2 52,8 48,0 50,9 51,5 48,8 Age (mean) 45,5 46,1 47,3 46,0 47,2 47,5 40,2 CCAA (%) Andalucía 16,5 16,9 17,3 17,7 17,2 17,4 17,3 Aragón 3,1 2,9 3,0 3,0 3,4 3,4 2,9 Asturias 2,5 2,3 2,6 2,4 2,7 2,6 2,1 Balears 2,2 2,3 2,3 2,2 2,2 2,1 2,2 Canarias 3,7 3,8 3,8 3,9 3,5 3,4 4,6 Cantabria 1,2 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,6 1,5 1,7 Castilla y León 6,0 5,6 5,8 5,6 5,5 5,5 5,3 Castilla La Mancha 3,7 4,3 4,4 4,4 4,2 4,2 4,3 Cataluña 18,6 17,0 17,0 16,0 16,5 16,4 16,4 Comunitat Valenciana 10,6 11,1 10,8 10,9 10,8 10,7 10,3 Extremadura 2,0 2,0 2,3 2,3 2,2 2,2 2,2 Galicia 5,7 5,8 5,6 5,9 5,3 5,4 5,6 Madrid 14,5 14,4 14,3 14,3 14,4 14,4 15,4 Murcia 3 3,1 2,7 3,1 2,9 3,0 2,6 Navarra 1,4 1,4 1,4 1,4 1,7 1,7 1,1 País Vasco 4,4 4,4 4,2 4,5 4,5 4,5 5,0 Rioja 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,6 0,8 3,8 0,5 Education (%) Primary 5,8 5,9 6,4 5,9 6,2 6,2 5,3 Secondary 53,5 54,4 50,5 47,32 45,7 49,8 75,8 Tertiary 39,8 38,9 34,8 31,2 30,3 42,6 18,8 N 3916 2639 2562 2593 2411 2264 1599 * Internet users are defined as those people that had used the Internet at least once in the three months before the CIS survey.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

B. Principle of variable definitions

B1. Variable names

The variables are divided into three different types: • questions about opinions are identified by the suffix ‘p-‘; • questions belonging to the experiments are indicated by the suffix ‘t-‘; • questions about socio-demopraphic characteristics are distinguished by the suffix ‘soc_’; • the variables created by NetQuest carry the suffix ‘panel_’; • the number at the end of the suffix of each variable indicates the panel wave.

B2. Variable formats

The variables are presented in numerical or string formats.

B3. Missing values

The ‘missing’ data are identified by the value 777 (‘I prefer not to answer’), 888 (‘Don’t know’) and 999 (‘Not applicable’ used in those cases for which the question should not be asked’).

B4. Pre- and Post- General election dataset 2015-2016: CNEP variables

B4.1 Variable definitions

Tables B4.1.1 and B4.1.2 reports the content of the variables that overlap with the CNEP project and focus on media consumption, campaigning and political discussion and intermediation. The majority of the variables are included in the Pre- and-the Post-General election surveys of the CIUPANEL 2014-2016. Only in a few cases, variables belong to previous waves. The table provides information about the name, the label and the format of all included variables. Some of these questions have been revised by Prof. Mariano Torcal and Prof. Rüdiger Schmitt-Beck. All matches between the CIUPANEL project and the CNEP project have also been reported.

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

B4.1.1 Type and content: CNEP variables

Variable Variable Variable label Value labels name name CIUPANEL CNEP wave_5 -- Pre-General election survey 2015 1-Yes; 2-No wave_6 -- Post-General election survey 2015-2016 1-Yes; 2-No p113a_5 A.EconSit Evaluation of the present economic situation in Spain 1-Very good; 2-Good; 3-Regular; 4- Bad; 5- Very bad p157a_6 B.DemMea Meaning of democracy: Freedom to criticize the 1-Not important at all; 2-Not very nCrit government important; 3-Important; 4- Absolutely essential; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p157b_6 B.DemMea Meaning of democracy: Jobs for everyone 1-Not important at all; 2-Not very nJobs important; 3-Important; 4- Absolutely essential; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p157c_6 B.DemMea Meaning of democracy: Free and fair elections 1-Not important at all; 2-Not very nElec important; 3-Important; 4- Absolutely essential; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p157d_6 B.DemMea Meaning of democracy: A smaller income gap 1-Not important at all; 2-Not very nGap between rich and poor important; 3-Important; 4- Absolutely essential; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p158_6 B.MediaExt Spanish media are free and uncensored 3- Completely free media; 2- Partly ent free media, with minor problems; 1- Partly free media, with major problems; 0-Not free media; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p159a_6 B.OneParty Way to govern country: Only one political party 1-Strongly disagree; 2-Disagree; 3- Rule should be allowed to stand for election and hold Neither agree nor disagree; 4- office Agree; 5-Strongly agree; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p159b_6 B.PresDict Way to govern country: Elections and the National 1-Strongly disagree; 2-Disagree; 3- Assembly should be abolished so that we can have a Neither agree nor disagree; 4- strong leader running this country Agree; 5-Strongly agree; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p159c_6 B.MilRule Way to govern country: The army should govern the 1-Strongly disagree; 2-Disagree; 3- country Neither agree nor disagree; 4- Agree; 5-Strongly agree; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p159d_6 B.ReligRul Way to govern country: Religious leaders should 1-Strongly disagree; 2-Disagree; 3- e govern the country according to religious principles Neither agree nor disagree; 4- Agree; 5-Strongly agree; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p93_6 B.DemAuth Democratic legitimacy 1-Democracy is preferable to any other form of government; 2- Under some circumstances, an authoritarian regime, a dictatorship, is preferable to a democratic system; 3- For people like me, one regime is the same as another p91_6 B.DemExte Perception of the level of democratization in Spain 0-Not at all democratic; 10- nt (Likert Completely democratic Scale) p19_5 and B.DemSat Satisfaction with democracy in Spain 1-Very satisfied; 2-Somewhat p19_6 satisfied; 3- Not very satisfied; 4- Not at all satisfied

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p21_5 C. Left-Right scale Self placement 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to C.LRSelf answer; 888-Don’t know (1-10 Scale) p23asigla_5 C.LRGov1 Left-Right scale placement: PP (People’s Party) 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to (1-10 answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23bsigla_5 C.LROpp1 Left-Right scale placement: PSOE 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to (1-10 (Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23isigla_5 C.LROppN Left-Right scale placement: Podemos (We can) 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to ew1 (1-10 answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23osigla_5 C.LROppN Left-Right scale placement: C’s (Citizens) 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to ew2 (1-10 answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23csigla_5 C.LROpp4( Left-Right scale placement: IU (United Left) 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to 1-10 Scale) answer; 888-Don’t know p23fsigla_5 C.LROpp5 Left-Right scale placement: ERC (Catalan 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to (1-10 Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23ssigla_5 C.LROpp6 Left-Right scale placement: CDC (Catalan 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to (1-10 Democratic Convergence) answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p23dsigla_5 C.LROpp7 Left-Right scale placement: PNV (Basque 0 Left; 10-Right; 777-I prefer not to (1-10 Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know Scale) p24sigla_5 C. C. Close to a political party 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE PartyID/ (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 3 C.PartyID - IU (United Left); 31 - C’s Which (Citizens); 33 – Podemos (We can); 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 35 - CDC (Catalan Democratic Convergence); 36 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 7 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 8 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 9 – Commitment for Galicia; 11 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 12 - EH-Bildu (Basque Country Unite); 13-BNG (Galician Nationalist Bloc); 37 – Commitment; 38 – Equo; 22 - CHA (Aragonist Council); 30 - FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox; 40 - Other; 0 – I feel no close to any party p25_5 C.PartyIDS Strength of the party closeness 1-Very close; 2- Fairly close; 3- trength Merely a sympathizer p106m_5 C.ThermGo Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither v1Leader Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106n_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither p1Leader Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106p_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither pNew1Lea Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; der 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106r_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither pNew2Lea Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; der 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106t_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither p4Leader Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings;

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106o_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither p6Leader Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p106s_5 C.ThermOp Feelings about political leaders: 0-Unfavorable feelings; 5-Neither p7Leader Favorable/Unfavorable unfavorable nor favorable feelings; 10-Favorable feelings; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p50_6 D.CamPape Frequency of political information on newspaper 1-Never or almost never; 2- From r (internet included) time to time 3- Only during weekends; 4- 2-3 days a week; 5- 4- 5 days a week; 6- Daily or almost daily p52_6 D.CamRadi Frequency of political information on radio 1-Never or almost never; 2- From o time to time 3- Only during weekends; 4- 2-3 days a week; 5- 4- 5 days a week; 6- Daily or almost daily p51_6 D.CamTV Frequency of political information on television 1-Never or almost never; 2- From time to time 3- Only during weekends; 4- 2-3 days a week; 5- 4- 5 days a week; 6- Daily or almost daily p140_6 D.MediaAg Number of media sources that support the same 3-Almost or almost all; 2- Most; 1- re political party as the respondent Some; 0-None; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999-I did not support any political party p50a_6 D.Paper1.F Favourite newspaper 1- El País; 2- El Mundo; 3- ABC; 4- El Periódico; 5- La Razón; 6- El Diario; 7- El Diario Vasco; 8- La Voz de Galicia; 9- La Vanguardia; 10- Ara; 11- Other; 777-I prefer not to answer; 999- Not applicable p50b_6 D.Pap1Bias Favourite newspaper favored a political 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to party/coalition? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_1_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (PP - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_2_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (PSOE - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_17_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (UP - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_18_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper C’s 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_12_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (Podemos 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_4_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (UPyD - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_19_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (DL- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_20_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (UDC – 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_7_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (ERC - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_6_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (CC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_21_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (NOS - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician Nationalist answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Bloc) applicable p50c_9_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (PNV - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_13_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_14_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (Geroa- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_15_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (UPN - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_11_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (FAC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_32_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (Vox) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_40_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (Other) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50c_999_6 D.Pap1Part Parties or coalitions favored by newspaper (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50d_6 D.Pap1Opp Favourite newspaper favored a political 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to ose party/coalition? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_1_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (PP - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_2_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (PSOE - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_17_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (UP - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_18_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper C’s 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_12_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Podemos - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_4_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (UPyD - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_19_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (DL- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_20_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (UDC – 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_7_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (ERC - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_6_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (CC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_21_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (NOS - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician Nationalist answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Bloc) applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p50e_9_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (PNV - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_13_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_14_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (Geroa- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_15_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (UPN - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_11_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (FAC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_32_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (Vox) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_40_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (Other) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p50e_999_6 D.Pap1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by newspaper (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52a_6 D.Rad1.F Favourite Radio 1 Radio Nacional; 2 Cadena SER; 3-Cadena COPE; 4- Onda Cero;5EsRadio;6-Radio Intereconomía;7-Canal Sur Radio;8- Radio Euskadi ;9-RAC1;10- Radio4;11-Onda Madrid;12-Otros, especificar ;777- I prefer not to answerr;999Not Aplicable p52b_6 D.Rad1Bias Favourite radio favored a political party/coalition? 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_1_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (PP - People's 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_2_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (PSOE - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_17_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (UP - Popular 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_18_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio C’s (Citizens) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_12_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (Podemos - We 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_4_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (UPyD - Union, 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_19_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (DL- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_20_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (UDC – 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_7_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (ERC - Catalan 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_6_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (CC Canarian 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p52c_21_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (NOS - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician Nationalist answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Bloc) applicable p52c_9_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (PNV - Basque 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_13_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_14_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (Geroa-Bai) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_15_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (UPN - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_11_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (FAC Forum 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_32_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (Vox) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_40_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (Other) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52c_999_6 D.Rad1Part Parties or coalitions favored by radio (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52d_6 D.Rad1Opp Favourite radio opposed a political party/coalition? 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to o answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not se applicable p52e_1_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (PP - People's 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_2_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (PSOE - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_17_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (UP - Popular 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_18_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio C’s (Citizens) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_12_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (Podemos - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_4_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (UPyD - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_19_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (DL- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_20_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (UDC – 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_7_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (ERC - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_6_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (CC Canarian 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_21_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (NOS - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician Nationalist answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Bloc) applicable p52e_9_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (PNV - Basque 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p52e_13_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_14_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (Geroa-Bai) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_15_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (UPN - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_11_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (FAC Forum 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_32_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (Vox) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_40_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (Other) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p52e_999_6 D.Rad1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by radio (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51a_6 D.TV1.F Favourite television channel 1- La 1; 2- La 2; 3-Antena 3; 4- Cuatro; 5-Telecinco; 6-La Sexta; 7- Intereconomía; 8- TV3; 9-Canal Sur; 10-8 TV; 11- TVG; 12- Telemadrid; 13-ETB; 14-Others; 777-I prefer not to answer; 999- Not applicable p51b_6 D.TV1Bias Favourite television channel favored a political 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to party/coalition? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_1_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (PP - People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_2_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (PSOE - Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_17_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UP - Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_18_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to C’s (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_12_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Podemos - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_4_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UPyD - Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_19_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (DL- Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_20_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UDC – Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_7_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (ERC - Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_6_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (CC Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_21_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (NOS - Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Nationalist Bloc) applicable p51c_9_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (PNV - Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

applicable p51c_13_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (EH-Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_14_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Geroa-Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_15_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UPN - Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_11_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (FAC Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_32_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Vox) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_40_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Other) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51c_999_6 D.TV1Part Parties or coalitions favored by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Not applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51d_6 D.TV1Opp Favourite television channel opposed a political 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to ose party/coalition? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_1_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (PP - People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_2_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (PSOE - Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_17_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UP - Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_18_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart C’s (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_12_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Podemos - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_4_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UPyD - Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_19_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (DL- Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_20_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UDC – Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_7_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (ERC - Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_6_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (CC Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_21_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (NOS - Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Nationalist Bloc) applicable p51e_9_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (PNV - Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_13_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (EH-Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_14_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

osePart (Geroa-Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_15_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UPN - Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_11_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (FAC Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_32_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Vox) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_40_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Other) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p51e_999_6 D.TV1Opp Parties or coalitions opposed by television channel 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Not applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53_6 D.Internet Frequency of political information on the Internet 1:Never or almost never; 2: From (dichotomo and social media time to time, occasionally; 3: Only us) during weekends; 4: 2-3 days per week; 5: 4-5 days per week; 6: Daily or almost daily p53a_6 D.InterNew Frequency of political information on Internet: news 4: Daily or almost daily; 3: 3-4 days s media per week; 2: 1-2 days per week; 1: Less frequently; 0-Never; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53b_6 D.InterPart Frequency of political information on Internet: party 4: Daily or almost daily; 3: 3-4 days y or candidate sources per week; 2: 1-2 days per week; 1: Less frequently; 0-Never; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53c_6 D.InterFrie Frequency of political information on Internet: 4: Daily or almost daily; 3: 3-4 days nds Information/comments by people I know personally per week; 2: 1-2 days per week; 1: Less frequently; 0-Never; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53d_6 D.InterOthe Frequency of political information on Internet: 4: Daily or almost daily; 3: 3-4 days r Information/comments by other people online per week; 2: 1-2 days per week; 1: Less frequently; 0-Never; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53e_6 D.InterInfo Frequency of political information on Internet: Other 4: Daily or almost daily; 3: 3-4 days political information sources not linked to parties or per week; 2: 1-2 days per week; 1: candidates Less frequently; 0-Never; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53f_6 D.InterBias Internet sources favored a political party/coalition? 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_1_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (PP - 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_2_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (PSOE - Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_17_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (UP 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to - Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_18_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources C’s 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_12_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Podemos - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_4_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

(UPyD - Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_19_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (DL- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_20_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UDC – Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_7_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (ERC - Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_6_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (CC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_21_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (NOS - Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Nationalist Bloc) applicable p53g_9_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (PNV - Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_13_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_14_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Geroa-Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_15_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (UPN - Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_11_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (FAC Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_32_6 D.InterPart Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to (Vox) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_40_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Other) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53g_999_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions favored by Internet sources (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53h_6 D.InterOpp Favourite Internet sources opposed a political 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to ose party/coalition? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_1_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources (PP 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart - People's Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_2_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (PSOE - Spanish Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_17_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources (UP 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart - Popular unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_18_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources C’s 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Citizens) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_12_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Podemos - We can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_4_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UPyD - Union, Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_19_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (DL- Democracy and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p53i_20_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UDC – Catalan Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_7_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (ERC - Catalan Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_6_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources (CC 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart Canarian Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_21_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (NOS - Galician candidancy - BNG - Galician answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not Nationalist Bloc) applicable p53i_9_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (PNV - Basque Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_13_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (EH-Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_14_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Geroa-Bai) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_15_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (UPN - Navarrese People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_11_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (FAC Forum Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_32_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Vox) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_40_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart (Other) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p53i_999_6 D.InterOpp Parties or coalitions opposed by Internet sources (Not 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to osePart applicable) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p156_6 E.ComLead Did you receive any advice on voting from leaders? 0-No; 1-Yes, local community erAdvise2 leader; 2-Yes, religious leader; 3- Yes, both; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know p156a_6 E.ComLead Party advised by leader 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE erPart (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can; Commitment; Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC -Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 07 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 06 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG- Galician Nationalist Bloc); 09 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13-Amaiur-EH/Bildu (Euskal Herria Country Unite); 14- Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p152a_6 F.AsoParty Membership: political party 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777-

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

I prefer not to answer p152b_6 F.AsoTU Membership: labor union 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- I prefer not to answer p152c_6 F.AsoProf Membership: professional or business organizations 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- I prefer not to answer p152d_6 F.AsoRelig Membership: religious groups 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- I prefer not to answer p152e_6 F.AsoMove Membership: environmental, feminist or peace 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- groups I prefer not to answer p152f_6 F.AsoCom Membership: Neighborhood associations 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- m I prefer not to answer p152g_6 F.AsoSocia Membership: sports clubs, cultural or artistic groups 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- l I prefer not to answer p152h_6 F.AsoFrat Membership: Veterans’ associations, ethnic 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- associations I prefer not to answer p152i_6 F.AsoChari Membership: charitable organization 1-Belongs;0-Does not belong; 777- ty I prefer not to answer p153_6 F.Aso1 Most important association (if more than one in the 1- Labor union; 2- Professional or previous questions) business organizations; 3- Religious groups; 4- Political party; 5- Environmental, feminist or peace groups; 6- Neighborhood associations; 7- Sports clubs, cultural or artistic groups; 8- Veterans’ associations, ethnic associations; 9- Charitable organizations; 10-Others; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999-Not applicable p154_6 F.Aso1Freq Frequence of attendance in the association’s 0-Never; 1-Rarely; 2-Sometimes; 3- meetings Often; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999-Not applicable p155a_6 F.Aso1Cont Did you receive any advice on voting from the 0-No; 1-Yes; 777- I prefer not to association? answer; 888-Don’t know; 999-Not applicable p155b_6 F.Aso1Cont Way of contact 1-Mail or other printed material, How phone call, or email; 2- Personal, face-to-face contact; 3-Both; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999-Not applicable p155c_6 F.Aso1Part Party advised by association 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can; Commitment; Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC -Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 07 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 06 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG- Galician Nationalist Bloc); 09 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13-Amaiur-EH/Bildu (Euskal Herria Country Unite); 14- Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p1_5 H.Interest Political interest 1- Very; 2- Quite; 3- A little; 4- Not at all p69a_2 H.InfoTest1 Political knowledge: Switzerland is a EU member 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F State know p69b_2 H.InfoTest2 Political knowledge: UE is currently formed by 28 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F Member States know p69c_2 H.InfoTest3 Political knowledge: Each Member State elects the 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F same number of deputies for the European know Parliament p69d_2 H.InfoTest4 Political knowledge: The Spanish Ministry of 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F Education is José Ignacio Wert know p69e_2 H.InfoTest5 Political knowledge: In Spain, to run for general 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F elections one candidate must be at 25 years of age know p69f_2 H.InfoTest6 Political knowledge: The Spanish Congress is 1-Correct; 2-Incorrect; 888-Don’t .F formed by 525 deputies know p63a_2 H.Protest Participation: protest demonstration 1-Yes; 2-No p166_6 H.Turnout Voted in the latest elections 1-I did not vote in the latest elections; 2-I thought to go voting, but I did not go; 3- I usually vote in the elections, but this time I did not vote; 4- Yes, I voted in the latest elections p167_6 H.VoteWhi Party voted in the latest elections 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE chRecent (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can; Commitment;Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC - Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 7 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 6 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG- Galician Nationalist Bloc); 9 - EAJ- PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13-EH-Bildu/Amaiur; 14-Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 93-Not eligible to vote; 94-Blank vote; 95- Null vote; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don't remember; 999-Not applicable p168_6 H.Decide When did you take the decision of voting? 1-Before election campaign started; 2-When election campaign started; 3-Last week before election day; 4- On election day; 888-I do not remember p36_4 H.VoteWhi Party voted in the previous elections 1 -PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE chPrevious (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 3 - IU (United Left) - IC-V (Initiative for Catalonia - Greens) 5 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 06 - CiU (Convergence and Union) 7 – AMAIUR; 8-EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party) 9 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 10 - BNG (Galician Nationalist Bloc); 11 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 12 - Commitment- Equo; 13 - FAC (Forum Asturias); 14 - Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future); 15 - CHA

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

(Aragonist Council); 20 – Other; 888 – I do not remember; 93-Not eligible to vote; 94-Blank vote; 95- Invalid vote; 00 – I did not vote p57l_1_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (PP - People's 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_2_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (PSOE - Spanish 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Socialist Workers Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_17_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (UP - Popular 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / unity; IU - United Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_18_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent C’s (Citizens) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_12_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Podemos - We 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / can) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_4_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (UPyD - Union, 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Progress and Democracy) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_19_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (DL- Democracy 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / and Liberty) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_20_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (UDC – Catalan 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Democratic Union) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_7_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (ERC - Catalan 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Republican Left) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_6_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (CC Canarian 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Coalition) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_21_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (NOS - Galician 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / candidancy - BNG - Galician Nationalist Bloc) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_9_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (PNV - Basque 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Nationalist Party) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_13_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (EH- 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Bildu/Amaiur) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_14_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Geroa-Bai) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_15_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (UPN - Navarrese 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / People's Union ) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_11_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (FAC Forum 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / Asturias) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_32_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Vox) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_40_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Other) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_777_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (I prefer not to 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer) answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_888_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Don’t know) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p57l_999_6 I.PartyCont Which party contacted respondent (Not applicable) 0-No; 1-Yes; 777-I prefer not to actPers / answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not I.PartyCont applicable actOther p54e_2 and I.MeetAny Attendance of candidate meeting Only for European and regional p54e_4 elections 1-Never; 2-Sometimes; 3- Frequently panele_6 L.Age Age of respondent Age in years soc2_5 L.Educatio Level of education 1 – No studies/illiterate; 2- Not n completed primary education; 3- Completed primary education, 4- Secondary education, first cycle; 5/6/7 Secondary education, second cycle; 8/9 Completed secondary education; 10/11/12/13 University education, first cycle; 14/15/16/17- University education, second cycle; 18 - Some or completed post graduate education 71 –Other, write in soc6_5 L.Religion Religious belonging 0-No, I do not belong to any religion; 1-Yes, I belong to a religion soc7_5 L.Religion Religion 1-Christian, roman catholic; 2- Christian, protestant; 3-Christian, orthodox; 4-Jewish; 5-Muslim; 6- Hindu; 7-Buddhist; 8-Other; 999- Not applicable soc8_5 L.ReligionF Frequence of attendance at religious services 1-Daily; 2-Several times a week; 3- req Once a week; 4-At least once a month; 5-One, two or three times a year; 6-Once a year or less; 7-Never soc12_5 L.Occupati 1-Professional and technical on occupations (doctor, professor, engineer, artist, financial director); 2- High management administrative occupations (banking executive, union representative); 3- Office works (secretary, administrative, accountant); 4-Business and trade occupations (sales director, shop owner, shop assistant); 5- Occupations related with the service sector (restaurant owner, policeman, hairdresser); 6- Skilled worker (industrial blue collar, farm worker or artisan); 7-Semi-skilled worker

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

(construction worker, carpenter, baker); 8- Unskilled worker (workman, unloader); 9- Agricultural worker; 10-Farm owner; 11-Student; 888-I do not know; 999-Not applicable soc15_5 L.HouseHe Whether the respondent is the responsible for 1-Yes; 2-No ad household income soc18_5 L.Occupati 1-Professional and technical onHH occupations (doctor, professor, engineer, artist, financial director); 2- High management administrative occupations (banking executive, union representative); 3- Office works (secretary, administrative, accountant, public servant); 4- Business and trade occupations (sales director, shop owner, shop assistant); 5-Occupations related with the service sector (restaurant owner, policeman, hairdresser); 6- Skilled worker (industrial blue collar, farm worker or artisan); 7- Semi-skilled worker (construction worker, carpenter, baker); 8- Unskilled worker (workman, unloader); 9-Agricultural worker; 10-Farm owner; 11-Student; 888-I do not know; 999-Not applicable soc19_5 L.SubjClass Perceived social class 1-Working class; 2-Lower-middle class; 3-Middle class; 4-Upper- middle class; 5-Upper class; 777- I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know soc9_5 L.Income Level of family’s net income 1-760€ or less; 2-Between 761€ to 1.160€; 3- Between 1.161€ to 1.260€; 4- Between 1.261€ to 1.640€; 5- Between 1.641€ to 1.750€; 6- Between 1.751€ to 2.140€; 7- Between 2.141€ to 2.400€; 8- Between 2.401€ to 2.760€; 9- Between 2.761€ to 3.700€; 10-More than 3.700€; 777- I prefer not to answer

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

B4.1.2 Type and content: CNEP variables (revised and split)

Variable name CIUPANEL Variable name Variable label Value labels CNEP pRuta_6 -- Split at random two 1-Route 1 (141_6/146d_6); 2-Route 2 sections on pol. (soc21_6/151b_6) intermediation Revised version (Torcal/Schmitt-Beck): asked the first half of the sample (split at random) p141_6 pre063 Political discussion 0-I never discussed about politics and elections; Yes, I discussed about politics (From 1 to 7) days; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p142_6 pre064 Network size Number from 1-20; 71- With many people, but I do not remember exactly how many; 777-I CNEP prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- (E.DiscNumber) Not applicable p143a_6 and p143b_6 pre065 Discussion with first 1-Spouse/partner; 2-Family member interlocutor: (brother/sister; parent; grandparent); 3-Friend; CNEP relationship 4- Co-worker; 5-Neighbor; 6-Prominent (E.Disc1) community member; 7-Religious leader; 8- Other; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p144a_6 pre066 Discussion with first During [from 1 to 7] days; 777-I prefer not to interlocutor: answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable frequence CNEP (E.Disc1Freq.F) p144b_6 pre067 Discussion with first 1-Very informed; 2-Somewhat informed; Not interlocutor: political very informed; 4-Not at all informed; 777-I knowledge prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p144c_6 pre068 Discussion with first 1-Often ;2-Sometimes;3-Rarely;4-Never; 777-I interlocutor: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- divergences of Not applicable opinion p144d_6 pre069 Discussion with first 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE (Spanish interlocutor: vote Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s (E.Disc1Part.F) Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can;Commitment;Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC -Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 7 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 6 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG-Galician Nationalist Bloc); 9 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13-EH-Bildu/Amaiur; 14- Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 888-Don’t know; 93-Not eligible to vote; 94-Blank vote; 95- Invalid vote; 0-Did not vote; 999-Not applicable p145a_6 and p145b_6 pre070 Discussion with 1-Spouse/partner; 2-Family member second interlocutor: (brother/sister; parent; grandparent); 3-Friend; (E.Disc2) relationship 4- Co-worker; 5-Neighbor; 6-Prominent community member; 7-Religious leader; 8- Other; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p146a_6 pre071 Discussion with During [from 1 to 7] days; 777-I prefer not to second interlocutor: answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable (E.Disc2Freq.F) frequence

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p146b_6 pre072 Discussion with 1-Very informed; 2-Somewhat informed; Not second interlocutor: very informed; 4-Not at all informed; 777-I political knowledge prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p146c_6 pre073 Discussion with 1-Often;2-Sometimes;3-Rarely;4-Never; 777-I second interlocutor: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- divergences of Not applicable opinion p146d_6 pre074 Discussion with 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE (Spanish second interlocutor: Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s vote Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist (E.Disc2Part.F) Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can; Commitment; Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC -Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 7 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 6 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG-Galician Nationalist Bloc); 9 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13- EH-Bildu/Amaiur; 14-Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 888-Don’t know; 93-Not eligible to vote; 94-Blank vote; 95- Invalid vote; 0-Did not vote; 999-Not applicable Orginal CNEP: Asked the other half of the sample (split at random) soc21_6 L.Married Marital status Asked the half sample (splitted at random) 1-Married; 2-Living with partner (without being married); 3-Divorced;4-Separated from living with spouse;5-Widowed; 6-Single p147a_6 E.SpouTalk Frequency of Asked the half sample (splitted at random) discussion about the 3-Often; 2-Sometimes;1-Rarely;0-Never; 777-I electoral campaign: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Spouse/partner Not applicable p147b_6 E.SpouVote Party voted by Asked the half sample (splitted at random) spouse/partner 1 - PP (People’s Party); 2 - PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers Party); 17 – UP (People’s Unity: IU-United Left; CHA Aragonist Council); 18 - C’s (Citizens); 12 – Podemos (We can): with Together we can;Commitment;Equo; 4 - UPyD (Union, Progress and Democracy); 19 –DL (Democracy and Freedom: CDC -Catalan Democratic Convergence); 20 - UDC (Catalan Democratic Union); 7 - ERC (Catalan Republican Left); 6 - CC (Canarian Coalition); 21 Nos (Galician Candidature: BNG-Galician Nationalist Bloc); 9 - EAJ-PNV (Basque Nationalist Party); 13-Amaiur-EH/Bildu (Euskal Herria Country Unite); 14-Geroa-Bai (Yes to the future);15- UPN (Navarrese People’s Union); 11- FAC (Forum Asturias); 32 – Vox ; 40 - Other; 888-Don’t know; 93- Not eligible to vote; 94-Blank vote; 95- Null vote; 0-He/she did not vote; 999-Not applicable p148a_6 E.FamTalk Frequency of Asked the half sample (splitted at random) discussion about the 3-Often; 2-Sometimes;1-Rarely;0-Never; 777-I electoral campaign: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- family Not applicable p149a_6 E.FriendTalk Frequency of Asked the half sample (splitted at random) discussion about the 3-Often; 2-Sometimes;1-Rarely;0-Never; 777-I electoral campaign: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- friends Not applicable

Crisis and challenge in Spain - Torcal, Martini, Serani

p150a_6 E.NeighTalk Frequency of Asked the half sample (splitted at random) discussion about the 3-Often; 2-Sometimes;1-Rarely;0-Never; 777-I electoral campaign: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- neighbors Not applicable p151a_6 E.WorkTalk Frequency of Asked the half sample (splitted at random) discussion about the 3-Often; 2-Sometimes;1-Rarely;0-Never; 777-I electoral campaign: prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- co-workers Not applicable p148b_6 E.FamTalkPart Party supported by Asked the half sample (splitted at random) family/respondent 3-Supported same party as respondent; 2- Support divided among different parties;1- Supported another party;0-Did not support a party; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p149b_6 E.FriendTalkPart Party supported by Asked the half sample (splitted at random) friends/respondent 3-Supported same party as respondent; 2- Support divided among different parties;1- Supported another party;0-Did not support a party; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p150b_6 E.NeighTalkPart Party supported by Asked the half sample (splitted at random) neighbors 3-Supported same party as respondent; 2- /respondent Support divided among different parties;1- Supported another party;0-Did not support a party; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable p151b_6 E.WorkTalkPart Party supported by Asked the half sample (splitted at random) co-workers 3-Supported same party as respondent; 2- /respondent Support divided among different parties;1- Supported another party;0-Did not support a party; 777-I prefer not to answer; 888-Don’t know; 999- Not applicable