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Reprã¤Sentanten Des Groã En Ganzen Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte (Hg.) H.-H. Nolte Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven ZWG Die ZWG hat sich zum Forum einer neuen, umfassenden Herausgegeben Jahrgang 16 16I1 von Hans-Heinrich Nolte Betrachtung von Geschichte, Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften Heft 1 Für den Verein Frühjahr 2015 entwickelt. Wichtige Beiträge aus der englischen, russischen, für Geschichte des Weltsystems französischen, spanischen und chinesischen Diskussion sind für deutschsprachige Leser übersetzt worden. Es finden sich aber auch Forschungen und Beiträge aus der deutschen Debatte und gelegentlich die Publikation von Quellen. www.peterlang.com Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte (Hg.) H.-H. Nolte Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven ZWG Die ZWG hat sich zum Forum einer neuen, umfassenden Herausgegeben Jahrgang 16 16I1 von Hans-Heinrich Nolte Betrachtung von Geschichte, Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften Heft 1 Für den Verein Frühjahr 2015 entwickelt. Wichtige Beiträge aus der englischen, russischen, für Geschichte des Weltsystems französischen, spanischen und chinesischen Diskussion sind für deutschsprachige Leser übersetzt worden. Es finden sich aber auch Forschungen und Beiträge aus der deutschen Debatte und gelegentlich die Publikation von Quellen. www.peterlang.com ZWG ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR WELTGESCHICHTE Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Herausgeberkreis Manfred Asendorf, Hamburg / Manuela Boatcă, Berlin / Christian Cwik, Wien / Beate Eschment, Berlin / Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Hannover / Bernd Hausberger, Mexiko / Peter Kehne, Hannover / Andrea Komlosy, Wien / Hans-Heinrich Nolte, Barsinghausen / Ralf Roth, Frankfurt / Helmut Stubbe da Luz, Hamburg / Asli Vatansever, Istanbul Geschäftsführend: Hans-Heinrich Nolte Redaktion Dariusz Adamczyk, Warschau / Michael Bertram, Schellerten / Jens Binner, Buchenwald / Christian Lekon, Lefke / Eva-Maria Stolberg, Bochum Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Maurice Aymard, Aleksandr Boroznjak, Helmut Bley, Luigi Cajani, Gita Dharampal-Frick, Hartmut Elsenhans, Jürgen Elvert, Stig Förster, Carsten Goehrke, Uwe Halbach, Carl-Hans Hauptmeyer, Klaus Kremb, Gesine Krüger, Rudolf Wolfgang Müller, Christiane Nolte, Pavel Poljan, Joachim Radkau, Dominic Sachsenmaier, Adelheid von Saldern, Karl-Heinz Schneider, Gerd Stricker, Beate Wagner-Hasel Manuskripte bitte an den Geschäftsführenden Herausgeber Prof. Dr. Hans-Heinrich Nolte, Bullerbachstr. 12, 30890 Barsinghausen Reviews und Rezensionen bitte an: Prof. Dr. Manuela Boatcă FU Berlin: Lateinamerika-Institut Sociology of Global Inequalities Rüdesheimer Str. 54-56 14197 Berlin Manuskripte bitte als Disketten (rtf) sowie in zwei Ausdrucken; Manuskripte, die nicht als E-Datei vorgelegt werden, können leider nicht bearbeitet werden. Manuskripte sollen die Länge von 20 Seiten DIN A4, 14pt einzeilig in Times Roman beschrieben nicht überschreiten. Für unverlangt eingereichte Manuskripte wird keine Gewähr übernommen. Zeitschrift für Weltgeschichte Herausgeberkreis Zeitschrift für Manfred Asendorf, Hamburg / Manuela Boatcă, Berlin / Christian Cwik, Wien / Beate Eschment, Berlin / Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Hannover / Bernd Hausberger, Mexiko / Peter Kehne, Hannover / Andrea Komlosy, Wien / Weltgeschichte Hans-Heinrich Nolte, Barsinghausen / Ralf Roth, Frankfurt / Helmut Stubbe da Luz, Hamburg / Asli Vatansever, Istanbul Geschäftsführend: Hans-Heinrich Nolte (ZWG) Redaktion Dariusz Adamczyk, Warschau / Michael Bertram, Schellerten / Jens Binner, Buchenwald / Christian Lekon, Lefke / Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven Eva-Maria Stolberg, Bochum 16. Jg. 2015, Heft 1 Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Maurice Aymard, Aleksandr Boroznjak, Helmut Bley, Luigi Cajani, Gita Dharampal-Frick, Hartmut Elsenhans, Jürgen Elvert, Stig Förster, Carsten Goehrke, Uwe Halbach, Carl-Hans Hauptmeyer, Klaus Kremb, Gesine Krüger, Schwerpunkt Islam und Säkularisierung Rudolf Wolfgang Müller, Christiane Nolte, Pavel Poljan, Joachim Radkau, Dominic Sachsenmaier, Adelheid von Saldern, Karl-Heinz Schneider, Gerd Stricker, Beate Wagner-Hasel Herausgegeben von Christian Lekon Manuskripte bitte an den und Asl Vatansever Geschäftsführenden Herausgeber Prof. Dr. Hans-Heinrich Nolte, Bullerbachstr. 12, 30890 Barsinghausen Für den Verein für Geschichte des Weltsystems Reviews und Rezensionen bitte an: Prof. Dr. Manuela Boatcă FU Berlin: Lateinamerika-Institut Sociology of Global Inequalities Rüdesheimer Str. 54-56 Zu Qualitätssicherung und Peer Notes on the quality assurance and 14197 Berlin Review der vorliegenden Publikation peer review of this publication Manuskripte bitte als Disketten (rtf) sowie in zwei Ausdrucken; Die Qualität der in dieser Zeitschrift Prior to publication, the quality of Manuskripte, die nicht als E-Datei vorgelegt werden, können leider erscheinenden Arbeiten wird vor der the work published in this journal is nicht bearbeitet werden. Manuskripte sollen die Länge von 20 Seiten Publikation durch externe, von der double blind reviewed by external DIN A4, 14pt einzeilig in Times Roman beschrieben nicht Herausgeberschaft benannte referees appointed by the überschreiten. Für unverlangt eingereichte Manuskripte wird keine Gutachter im Double Blind Verfahren editorship. The referee is not Gewähr übernommen. geprüft. Dabei ist der Autor der aware of the author’s name Arbeit den Gutachtern während der when performing the review; Prüfung namentlich nicht bekannt; the referees’ names are not die Gutachter bleiben anonym. disclosed. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Umschlagabbildung: Die Schiffahrtslinien der Welt um 1890 (Übersichtskarte des Weltverkehrs aus Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, Leipzig u. Wien 1885-1892) e-ISSN 2199-8086 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Frankfurt am Main 2015 Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Peter Lang Edition ist ein Imprint der Peter Lang GmbH. Peter Lang – Frankfurt am Main · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Warszawa · Wien Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlages unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. www.peterlang.com Editorial Der Schwerpunkt dieser Ausgabe liegt bei dem Thema „Islam und Säkulari- sierung“, über das am 30. November 2013 gemeinsam von dem Verein für die Geschichte des Weltsystems, der Palästina-Initiative und der Heinrich-Böll- Stiftung eine Tagesveranstaltung in Hannover abgehalten wurde. Den Veran- staltern sei an dieser Stelle noch einmal ausdrücklich gedankt. Die ersten vier Beiträge dieses Bandes der ZWG sind aus den auf diesem Workshop gehaltenen Vorträgen hervorgegangen. Den Anfang macht der Artikel von Hans-Heinrich Nolte, der einen Über- blick über Säkularisation und Säkularisierung im Kontext der geschichtlichen Entwicklung Europas und Nordamerikas gibt. Während sich Säkularisation auf die Einziehung von Kirchengut durch weltliche Gewalten bezieht, unter- scheidet Nolte bei dem Begriff „Säkularisierung“ drei nicht notwendigerweise immer zusammen auftretende Aspekte: das Schwinden religiöser Normen oder Riten im Alltagsleben; den Transfer religiöser Begriffe oder Normen in den weltlichen Diskurs; und die Trennung von Kirche und Staat. Hiervon ausge- hend, zeigt der Autor an den Beispielen England, USA, Frankreich, Russland und Deutschland die sehr unterschiedlichen Formen von Säkularisierung. Die besondere Relevanz dieser Darstellung für das Thema Islam und Säkularisie- rung liegt darin, dass es „die“ Säkularisierung nicht gegeben hat und dass somit eine krasse Dichotomie zwischen einem „säkularisierbaren“ Christentum und einem „säkularisierungsfeindlichen“ Islam zu hinterfragen wäre. Peter Antes legt das Verhältnis von Verwestlichung und Säkularisierung in nicht-westlichen Gesellschaften dar. Von den ersten, durch das Trauma der militä- rischen Niederlagen gekennzeichneten Reformbemühungen im 19. Jahrhundert bis hin zu der Identitätskrise infolge des oberflächlichen Verwestlichungspro- jekts im 20. Jahrhundert, das auf die Vernichtung des authentisch-osmanischen gesellschaftlichen Gewebes abzielte, geht der Autor den Hintergründen der in muslimischen Ländern mit Säkularisierung verbundenen Probleme nach. Dabei betont er, dass das Islamkonzept je nach Land und Kontext Unterschiede auf- weist, wie etwa am Beispiel des Unterschieds zwischen verschiedenen radikalen Islamismen und der türkischen AKP zu erkennen sei, und das Beharren auf einem eurozentrisch geprägten Säkularisierungskonzept dabei nur der dringend benötigten Kooperation mit der islamischen Welt schaden kann. Aslı Vatansever diskutiert die Gründe, warum das Thema Säkularisierung immer noch als langwieriges Problem im Kern der politischen Debatten in 6 AslıVatansever,ChristianLekon der Türkei steht. Die Autorin führt dies auf das vorherrschende Säkularisie- rungsverständnis der Türkischen Republik zurück und behauptet, dass dieses spezifische, durch die Gründungskader der Republik eingeführte Säkularisie- rungsverständnis zu einem vagen Verhältnis zwischen dem Staat und der Reli- gion führte, das statt die beiden Sphären voneinander zu trennen, die Letztere dem Ersteren unterwarf. Christian Lekon behandelt
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