I Liguri Intemeli
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Politics and Policy: Rome and Liguria, 200-172 B.C
Politics and policy: Rome and Liguria, 200-172 B.C. Eric Brousseau, Department of History McGill University, Montreal June, 2010 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts. ©Eric Brousseau 2010 i Abstract Stephen Dyson’s The Creation of the Roman Frontier employs various anthropological models to explain the development of Rome’s republican frontiers. His treatment of the Ligurian frontier in the second century BC posits a Ligurian ‘policy’ crafted largely by the Senate and Roman ‘frontier tacticians’ (i.e. consuls). Dyson consciously avoids incorporating the pressures of domestic politics and the dynamics of aristocratic competition. But his insistence that these factors obscure policy continuities is incorrect. Politics determined policy. This thesis deals with the Ligurian frontier from 200 to 172 BC, years in which Roman involvement in the region was most intense. It shows that individual magistrates controlled policy to a much greater extent than Dyson and other scholars have allowed. The interplay between the competing forces of aristocratic competition and Senatorial consensus best explains the continuities and shifts in regional policy. Abstrait The Creation of the Roman Frontier, l’œuvre de Stephen Dyson, utilise plusieurs modèles anthropologiques pour illuminer le développement de la frontière républicaine. Son traitement de la frontière Ligurienne durant la deuxième siècle avant J.-C. postule une ‘politique’ envers les Liguriennes déterminer par le Sénat et les ‘tacticiens de la frontière romain’ (les consuls). Dyson fais exprès de ne pas tenir compte des forces de la politique domestique et la compétition aristocratique. Mais son insistance que ces forces cachent les continuités de la politique Ligurienne est incorrecte. -
1 Samnites, Ligurians and Romans Revisited John R. Patterson This
Samnites, Ligurians and Romans revisited John R. Patterson This volume has been peer-reviewed and will also be published by the Associazione Culturale “Cercellus” and GAL Alto Tammaro. 1 For Carlo Tartaglia Polcini 2 Contents/Indice Foreword (by Italo M. Iasiello) 4 Presentazione (di Italo M. Iasiello) 44 Preface 9 Prefazione 49 1. Introduction: problems and methodology 10 1. Introduzione: problemi e metodologia 50 2. The development of Rome and the conquest of Italy 14 2. Lo sviluppo di Roma e la conquista d’Italia 54 3. The expansion of the Roman Empire and the history of Samnium 16 3. L’espansione dell’impero romano e la storia del Sannio 56 4. Colonisation and the fall of the Republic 27 4. La colonizzazzione e le caduta della Repubblica 67 5. Municipal affairs at Ligures Baebiani 28 5. La vita municipale presso i Liguri Bebiani 69 6. Imperial generosity and rural poverty at Ligures Baebiani 32 6. Generosità imperiale e povertà rurale presso i Liguri Bebiani 73 7. The territory of the Ligures Baebiani 35 7. Il territorio dei Liguri Bebiani 75 8. Conclusions 40 8. Conclusione 81 Appendix: texts of inscriptions/Appendice: testi di iscrizioni 82 Abbreviations/Abbreviazioni 92 3 Foreword The publication of the first edition of Samnites, Ligurians and Romans, twenty-five years ago, has undoubtedly had a positive impact on the study of the valley of the Tammaro. The archaeological investigations initiated at Macchia di Circello in 1982 by Werner Johannowsky, an effective and generous Soprintendente, were extended into the territory from 1983 onwards by John Patterson, who was at that time studying at the British School at Rome. -
Notes on the Ligurians, Aquitanians, and Belgians Author(S): Hyde Clarke Source: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol
Notes on the Ligurians, Aquitanians, and Belgians Author(s): Hyde Clarke Source: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol. 1 (1883 - 1884), pp. 62-69 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3677961 Accessed: 27-06-2016 20:16 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press, Royal Historical Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Transactions of the Royal Historical Society This content downloaded from 132.236.27.111 on Mon, 27 Jun 2016 20:16:00 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms NOTES ON THE LIGURIANS, AQUITANIANS, AND BELGIANS. By HYDE CLARKE, F.R. Hist. Soc. I. THE question of who were the Ligurians has occupied many, and remained obscure. Many and many years ago it occupied me, and about the year 1869 it led me to engage in a close investigation of a possible Dravidian connexion. This brought me some remarkable results, but for reasons not then known to me they led to no decision. The names of rivers in Liguria and Northern Italy responded to the Tamil names for river, water, &c., but the true cause was that such names are not Dravidian in their origin, and that the river names were not given by the Ligurians, but according to a uniform law, recognisable from Hispania or Britannia to further India, and it may be said to America. -
Aberystwyth University Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-Names
Aberystwyth University Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-Names Falileyev, Alexander; Gohil, Ashwin E.; Ward, Naomi; Briggs, Keith Publication date: 2010 Citation for published version (APA): Falileyev, A., Gohil, A. E., Ward, N., & Briggs, K. (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-Names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS Publications. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/10148 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. tel: +44 1970 62 2400 email: [email protected] Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Abalus Ins.? Reudigni? Lugdunum Matilo Aurelium Cananefatium Kaloukones? Rhenus fl.? Lugii? 52 Helinium? Levefanum Helinium fl.? Carvo Carvium Mosa fl.? Batavodurum Noviomagus Salas fl.? Ganuenta -
(OSU-Ugent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography. Barbarians in Strabo's
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy The Herodotos Project (OSU-UGent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography. Barbarians in Strabo’s ‘Geography’ ( Isseans - Zygi). With a case-study: the Britons. Promotor: Paper submitted in partial Prof. M. Janse fulfilment of the requirements Co-promotors: for the degree of Prof. Brian D. Joseph (Ohio State University) “Master in de taal - en letterkunde: Dr. Christopher Brown (Ohio State University) Grieks- Latijn” b y Anke De Naegel 2014-2015 2 dergelijke meer last zouden veroorzaken wanneer ze door de moerassen moesten dan dat ze nuttig Nederlandse samenvatting zouden zijn. De mogelijke wapens die genoemd worden zijn zwaarden, messen en speren. Ze hadden ook een schild. Opvallend was dat ze strijdwagens gebruikten. In deze thesis wordt eerst een inleiding gegeven die meer informatie geeft over het Herodotos Vervolgens worden hun levensomstandigheden bekeken. Ze woonden meestal in eenvoudige hutten project. Deze inleiding is samen geschreven met Julie Boeten. In deze inleiding komt naar voren wat die ze bouwden op een open plek in het bos. Aangezien hun vee tussen hun hutten graasde waren ze dit project juist is en wat ons aandeel daarin was, dat is: we hebben alle volkeren die in Strabo’s genoodzaakt verder te trekken wanneer het groen opraakte. Er zijn verschillende opvattingen over Geografie voorkomen in tweeën gedeeld en alle informatie die Strabo over ons deel van deze hun politieke organisatie; volgens sommigen zijn ze democratisch terwijl anderen zeggen dat elke volkeren schrijft verzameld. Deze informatie is terug te vinden achteraan deze thesis in de appendix. stam een eigen koning of prins had. -
Dai Liguri Moderni Agli Antichi Liguri
Dai Liguri moderni agli antichi Liguri NOTE DI TOPONOMASTICA E DI POLEOGRAFIA 1. Degli antiçlii Liguri abbiamo conoscenze, molto scarse e con t rad Storie. Gli autori italiani se ne occupano a mala pena. Le storie romane e italiche, anche le più moderne, ammettono che i con fini del popolo Ligure fossero quelli della Liguria romana., la Magra, la Trebbia, il Po, ritenendo che le conquiste etnische o celtiche ab biano completamente espulso i Liguri dalle altre zone delle A lpi e della Penisola che avessero avanti occupato. Questi Liguri sono con cordemente descritti come popoli primitivi (]), viventi in caverne, parlanti un linguaggio non indo-europeo, di cui non sarebbe rimasta traccia alcuna. Il Pais, secondo il suo solito, ha idee più originali. I Liguri, secondo il Pais, anche nell’età romana si estendevano ampiamente nella regione alpina e appenninica, e al di là delle Alpi sino al Rodano ; la lingua che parlavano sarebbe stata indo-europea, poco diversa da quelle italiche. Tale è anche l'opinione prevalente fra gli scrittori francesi. (2) I Liguri inliterati non hanno lasciato monumenti epigrafici, e non possiamo raccoglier nuovi indizii della loro lingua e della loro vita, se non ricercando le tracce che possono essere rimaste nella lingua e nel costume dei Liguri odierni. Particolarmente la topono mastica può dare importanti informazioni, se applicata a larghi (1) Ad esempio Ducati, Etruria antica, I I 14 : cin Liguria abitavano popolazioni selvaggie «fi razza mediterranea.» (2) «La plus part des Ligures furent des Aryens au même titre que les nouveaux venus; ils différaient à peine de leurs envahisseurs (i Celti], et ceux de la Gaule n ’ étaient que aes Indo-européens des premiers bans, et, pour ainsi dire, des Celtes d’avant Je nom celtique. -
'Genocide' and Rome, 343-146 BCE: State Expansion and the Social Dynamics of Annihilation
‘Genocide’ and Rome, 343-146 BCE: state expansion and the social dynamics of annihilation David John Colwill Presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ancient History 2017 Cardiff University Title page image: Detail from Thomas Allom, 1870. The Sack of Corinth. Oil on canvas. Abstract As the nascent power of Rome grew to dominance over the Mediterranean world in the Middle Republic, they carried out mass killing, mass enslavement, and urban annihilation. In doing so, they showed an intention to destroy other groups, therefore committing genocide. This study looks at the kinds of destruction enacted by Romans between 343 BCE and 146 BCE, using a novel application of definitions and frameworks of analysis from the field of Genocide Studies. It proposes typologies through which the genocidal behaviours of the Romans can be explored and described. Mass killing, enslavement, and urban annihilation normally occurred in the context of siege warfare, when the entire population became legitimate targets. Initial indiscriminate killing could be followed by the enslavement of the survivors and burning of their settlement. While genocide is a valid historiographical tool of analysis, Roman behaviours were distinct from modern patterns of mass killing in lacking a substantial component of racial or ethnic motivation. These phenomena were complex and varied, and the utter destruction of groups not regularly intended. Roman genocidal violence was a normative, but not typical, adaptation of the Romans of the Middle Republic to the ancient anarchic interstate system. In antiquity, there was no international law to govern conflict and international relations, only customs. This study posits that the Roman moral-based custom of fides as an internal preventative regime that inhibited genocide through rituals of submission to Roman hegemony. -
Barrington Atlas Gazetteer 17 Feb 2000
(...)ALEIA? — AELIAE? (...)aleia? TKY, 56 G3 Abu Jilaj IRQ, 91 F4 Ad Aquas TUN, 32 B3 Ad Mercurium? TUN, 32 F3 Ad Turrem FRA, 16 A3 (...)lense ALG, 34 F2 Abu Ku EGY, 80 C2 Ad Aquas TUN, 32 F3 Ad Mercurium? TUN, 32 G3 Ad Turrem LBY, 37 C2 (...)rdensium ALG, 32 B4 Abu Mansur EGY, 73 C4 Ad Aquas? YUG, 21 E5 Ad Militare CRO, 20 F4; 21 A4 Ad Turres BOS, 20 E6 (...)sinsensium TUN, 32 E4 Abu Midrik EGY, 80 D4 Ad Aquas Caesaris ALG, 33 A2; 34 F2 Ad Molas? ALG, 32 A4 Ad Turres CRO, 20 B4 Abu Rahal EGY, 80 C3 Ad Aquas Herculis ALG, 34 D2 Ad Monilia ITL, 39 E5 Ad Turres ITL, 43 A2; 44 B2 A(...) TUN, 33 D1 Abu Rahal West EGY, 80 C3 Ad Aquas Salvias ITL, 43 B2 Ad Morum SPN, 27 B3 Ad Turres ITL, 44 D3 A Lanzada SPN, 24 C2 Abu Rushaid EGY, 80 F4 Ad Aras SPN, 26 F4 Ad Morum SPN, 27 C4 Ad Turres ITL, 46 D4 A007 IRQ, 91 F4 Abu Ruwaysh IRQ, 93 B2 Ad Aras SPN, 27 B3 Ad Mures HUN, 20 E2 Ad Turres SPN, 27 B3 A068 IRQ, 91 F5 Abu Saybi BAH, 95 C3 Ad Aras SPN, 27 E3 (Ad) Murum SPN, 27 B2 Ad Turres? SPN, 27 E3 A079 IRQ, 91 F5 Abu Sha'ar EGY, 78 D3 Ad Aras TKY, 64 H4 *Ad Mutrium ROM, 21 F5 Ad Turres? TUN, 34 F3 A221 IRQ, 91 G5 Abu Sha'ar al-Bahri EGY, 78 C2 Ad Arvalla? ALG, 33 B1; 32 B4 Ad Navalia ITL, 39 D5 Ad Turres Albas ITL, 44 C3 A262 IRQ, 91 G5 Abu Shiafa IRQ, 91 F3 Ad Atticille? TUN, 32 E3 Ad Ningum CRO, 20 A4 Ad Tygrem TKY, 89 C3 Aalen GER, 12 D4 Abu Shuruf EGY, 73 C4 Ad Basante CRO, 20 F4; 21 A4 Ad Nonum FRA, 25 G2 Ad Undecimum ITL, 45 C2 Aardenburg NET, 11 D1 Abu Taraichiya IRQ, 91 F5 Ad Basilicam Diadumene? ALG, 34 E2 Ad Nonum ITL, 43 C2 Ad Undecimum -
(OSU-Ugent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography. Barbarians in Strabo's
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy The Herodotos Project (OSU-UGent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography. Barbarians in Strabo’s ‘Geography’ (Isseans - Zygi). With a case-study: the Britons. Promotor: Paper submitted in partial Prof. M. Janse fulfilment of the requirements Co-promotors: for the degree of Prof. Brian D. Joseph (Ohio State University) “Master in de taal- en letterkunde: Dr. Christopher Brown (Ohio State University) Grieks- Latijn” by Anke De Naegel 2014-2015 2 Nederlandse samenvatting In deze thesis wordt eerst een inleiding gegeven die meer informatie geeft over het Herodotos project. Deze inleiding is samen geschreven met Julie Boeten. In deze inleiding komt naar voren wat dit project juist is en wat ons aandeel daarin was, dat is: we hebben alle volkeren die in Strabo’s Geografie voorkomen in tweeën gedeeld en alle informatie die Strabo over ons deel van deze volkeren schrijft verzameld. Deze informatie is terug te vinden achteraan deze thesis in de appendix. Het eerste deel van deze masterproef bestaat uit een casestudy. Op dezelfde manier waarop we de volkeren van Strabo behandeld hebben, bekeken we ons studieobject. Bij mij is het onderwerp van deze casestudy ‘the Britons’, dit zijn de oorspronkelijke inwoners van Groot-Brittannië. Aangezien het om een casestudy gaat hebben we alle teksten van de schrijvers uit de antieke oudheid bekeken waarin ons gekozen volk aan bod kwam. De nomenclatuur van het eiland en de bewoners wordt onderzocht. Blijkbaar was de naam van het eiland afgeleid van de naam van het volk. Men denkt dat beide namen afkomstig zijn uit de taal die de inwoners van Groot-Brittannië toen spraken, namelijk het Brittonic. -
GUERRE ROMANO Liguri
GUERRE ROMANO- LIGURI 238 a.C. – 14 a.C. di Lanfranco Sanna Quando i Romani, conquistata definitivamente l’Etruria costiera e acquisita la città di Pisa (tra il 280 e il 273), portano il loro confine al fiume Arno, entrano in contatto diretto con un territorio controllato, almeno saltuariamente, dai Liguri. Per il momento Roma, però, ha due priorità politico-militari: una contro Cartagine che pratica il blocco marittimo costringendo lo Stato Romano in un bacino chiuso, il Tirreno, con le sue colonie della Sardegna, della Corsica e della Sicilia occidentale (I Guerra Punica); l’altra, prettamente difensiva, contro i Celti che compiono continue scorrerie dalla pianura padana nel cuore della penisola italica; di conseguenza trascura il fronte nord-occidentale dove gravitano i Liguri. La prima vaga notizia di uno scontro militare con i Liguri risale al 238 a.C. «Adversus Ligures tunc primum exercitus promotus est» [Liv,per. 20]. Si tratta probabilmente dei Liguri Apuani. Nel 236 a.C. c’è la prima registrazione nei Fasti Trionfali di un trionfo de Liguribus , sotto il consolato di C. Cornelio Lentulo. Allora con certezza il confine è portato almeno fino a Pisa, se non fino al Portus Lunae. Alcuni anni dopo (234-233) è riportato un secondo trionfo sui Liguri da Quinto Fabio Massimo: è così resa sicura la linea marittima sulla rotta Pisa-Portus Lunae-Genova, necessaria per contrastare l’espansione cartaginese in Iberia . Allo scoppio della II Guerra Punica si schierano con i Cartaginesi, dei quali erano vecchi alleati in funzione anti-greca (Marsiglia), i Liguri delle Provenza e del Ponente, e i Liguri dell’Appennino orientale (Velleiati e Friniati) che sono a contatto con i Celti della pianura padana e i Liguri Apuani che confinano col territorio di Roma stes sa. -
The Algonquian Conquest of the Mediterranean Region of 11,500 Years Ago
The Algonquian Conquest of the Mediterranean Region of 11,500 Years Ago by Samuel Poe PublishAmerica Baltimore © 2008 by Samuel Poe. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review to be printed in a newspaper, magazine or journal. First printing All characters in this book are fictitious, and any resemblance to real persons, living or dead, is coincidental. PublishAmerica has allowed this work to remain exactly as the author intended, verbatim, without editorial input. ISBN: 1-60563-847-1 PUBLISHED BY PUBLISHAMERICA, LLLP www.publishamerica.com Baltimore Printed in the United States of America Dedication I will dedicate this book to the Anishinabek and all other Native Americans who are paying an horrific price so their white brethren can live upon their beloved land. It is my belief that the white brethren of the Native Americans will soon abolish all Native American Reservations and Reserves so the white race does not have to deal with their Native American brethren. That event may occur shortly or it may occur at an later time, but that event is going to happen because the white brethren of the Native American has no honor whatsoever concerning their Native American brethren, who they have expressed in so many dishonorable acts that they will use those dishonorable acts to get what they want from their Native American brethren which, to no ones surprise, is centered on only greed.