Level 2 History (90467) 2011

See back cover for an English translation of this cover

90467MR 2

Ngā Kōrero o Mua, Kaupae 2, 2011 90467 Te ārohi i ngā taunaki o ngā mātāpuna o ngā kōrero o mua

9.30 i te ata Rāpare 24 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2011 Whiwhinga: Whā

PUKAITI RAUEMI

Tirohia tēnei pukaiti hei whakautu i ngā pātai mō Ngā Kōrero o Mua 90467M.

Tirohia mehemea kei roto nei ngā whārangi 2–15 e raupapa tika ana, ā, kāore hoki he whārangi wātea.

KA TAEA TĒNEI PUKAITI TE PUPURI HEI TE MUTUNGA O TE WHAKAMĀTAUTAU.

MĀTĀPUNA A

He Tirohanga Whānui o te Rautau 1800: Ngā Kōrero o Mua me te Hanganga Pāpori o Tonga Nō ngā tau tōmua o te rautau 1800, nō te āta taetaenga atu o ngā kaihoko ...

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

.... aukatinga kua tāmia ki runga i a rātou i tēnei hanganga pāpori tū roa. Rārangiwā Poto o ngā Kōrero o Mua o Tonga, 1826–2006 1826: Ka whakaaetia kia noho ngā mihinare Wēteriana ki te moutere matua o Tonga, a Tongatapu ...

... 2006: Te Matenga o Tāufa’āhau Tupou IV; ka tū a Hōri Tupou V hei Kīngi; ka pakaru mai ngā whakahārangi ki te tāone matua o Nuku’alofa i te mautohe o te hunga whakahē kia wawe ake te tahuringa ki te manapori. 3

SOURCE A

19th Century Overview: History and Social Structure of Tonga By the early 19th century, as European traders and Christian missionaries ...

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... challenge the restrictions imposed upon them by this long-standing social structure.

Brief Timeline of Tongan History, 1826–2006 1826: Methodist missionaries allowed to settle on the main island of Tongatapu ...

... 2006: Death of Taufa’ahau Tupou IV; George Tupou V becomes King; riots break out in the capital Nuku’alofa as protestors demand faster change towards democracy. 4

MĀTĀPUNA B

Ngā tangohanga mai i te Kaupapa Ture o Tonga, 1875 WĀHANGA TUARUA – TE ĀHUA O TE KĀWANATANGA A: Te Āhua o te Kāwanatanga Ko te āhua Kāwanatanga o tēnei Kīngitanga ...

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

... kōrerorerohia i te Pāremata kia hui rā anō te Pāremata.

Te mema rangatahi rawa o te Pāremata o Tonga e tū ana ki te rua tapuke o te mihinare a Shirley Baker, i te tau 1949. Nā Baker i tuhi te Kaupapa Ture tuatahi o Tonga, mō Kīngi Tupou I. I mate a Baker i te tau 1903, ā, ka whakatūhia tēnei whakapakoko whai muri i tōna matenga. 5

SOURCE B

Excerpts from the Tongan Constitution, 1875 PART II – FORM OF GOVERNMENT A: Form of Government The form of Government for this Kingdom is a Parliamentary ...

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.... passed by Parliament it shall be unlawful for Parliament to discuss it again until the next time Parliament meets.

The youngest member of the Tongan Parliament standing at grave of the missionary Shirley Baker, 1949. Baker wrote Tonga’s first ever Constitution, for King Tupou I. Baker died in 1903, and this monument was erected after his death. 6

MĀTĀPUNA C

Te whakautu i rō Pāremata ki te kōrero whakatuwhera a Kīngi Hōri Tupou II, he mea tuku e te Māngai o Ngā Ariki o Tonga, i te tau 1903. “Ko mātou ngā Minita me ngā Māngai o Ngā Ariki me Ngā Tāngata o Tonga,

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

... i ngā motu e rua, me te kawe mai i ngā painga nui ki a Tonga.” He tangohanga mai i The Encyclopedia of Samoa, Tonga, Tahiti and the Cook Islands. I whakaputahia i te tau 1907 me te whakaaetanga o Te Arikinui Kīngi Hōri II o Tonga, me tērā o te Māngai o Ingarangi e noho ana ki Tonga [ko Hamilton Hunter] me tērā hoki o te Kāwana Tiamana o Hāmoa [ko Wilhelm Solf]. Mai i te wāhanga “Tonga”, wh. 41–42.

Ko Kīngi Tupou II rāua ko tōna puhi wahine i a Kuini Lavinia Veiongo, 1 Pipiri 1899. 7

SOURCE C

Reply in Parliament to the opening speech of King George Tupou II, given by the Representative of the Tongan Nobles, 1903. “We the Government Ministers and Representatives of the Nobles and People,

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... has deepened relationships between the two countries and brought great benefits to Tonga.” Excerpt from The Encyclopedia of Samoa, Tonga, Tahiti and the Cook Islands. Published in 1907 with the approval of His Majesty King George II of Tonga, and of the British Consul based in Tonga [Hamilton Hunter], and of the German Governor of Samoa [Wilhelm Solf]. From the section “Tonga”, pp 41–42.

King Tupou II with his newly-wed wife, Queen Lavinia Veiongo, 1 June 1899. 8

MĀTĀPUNA D

Ngā whakahārangi me ngā whakawātanga tautoko i te manapori

He mea tuku i te hāora 06:16 o te 19 o Kohitātea, i te tau 2007 Ngā Rongo Kōrero o Te Reo Irirangi o Aotearoa (Ratonga ā-Ao)

Ko te Mema Pāremata matua mō te tautoko i te manapori, a ‘Akilisi Pohiva, ko ...

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

... take o te whakahounga tōrangapū.” E tūmanakohia ana ka mauherehia ētahi atu kaitautoko manapori.

Ngā Whakahārangi ki Nuku´alofa, Whiringa-ā-rangi 2006. 9

SOURCE D

Pro-democracy riots and trials

Posted at 06:16 on 19 January, 2007 Radio New Zealand News (International Service)

Tonga’s leading pro-democracy Member of Parliament, ‘Akilisi Pohiva, ...

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... reform hadn’t worked.” Further arrests of pro-democracy movement figures are expected.

Riots in Nuku´aolfa, November 2006. 10

MĀTĀPUNA E

Te Koroneihana o Kīngi Hōri Tupou V He uri pūkaka a Kīngi Hōri Tupou V nō te Kīngi tuatahi o Tonga i ...

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

.... ka tahuri a Tupou V ki te hanga hou anō i te tāone matua i ukuuku.

E mau ana ngā ariki o Tonga i ngā ‘aofivala (he korowai tikihope), ā, e tatari ana rātou ki te Kīngi i te kawa o te taumafa kava i te 30 Hōngongoi 2008. Ko te horemi tonu atu i te kava o te angaanga niu te tohu E mau ana ngā ākonga o Tonga i ngā whakakai kākano o te fa, ā, e mahi whakamutunga o te kawa i whakawāhia ai te Kīngi hei ana rātou i te Lakalaka mō Kīngi Hōri Tupou V i ngā whakanuitanga i te arikinui rua tekau mā toru o Tonga. Rā Tikanga-ā-Iwi ki te tāone matua o Nuku´alofa, i te 29 Hōngongoi 2008.

Ko Tupou V e noho ana i runga i tōna ahurewa i te wā o te koroneihana i te 1 Hereturikōkā 2008. I waenganui i te tangi o ngā pere, te pahū o ngā hūrepo, te tuku o ngā poihau me Ka puea mai te Kīngi hou o Tonga ki te mihi atu ki ngā mano ngā umere a te hunga tamariki, ka whakawāhia te Kīngi pononga ki Nuku’alofa, Rāmere, 1 Hereturikōkā 2008. hou o Tonga ki mua i te minenga e 1 000, i whai wāhi hoki ai ngā kāhui ariki o Tonga, o Ingarangi, o Hapana me Tairana, tae atu hoki ki ngā rangatira o te taha whakarunga o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Ko Tupou V (e tū ana i te motukā me tana whītiki whero), e whakatewhatewha ana i ana hoia i te Parikarauna Hoia o te Koroneihana, 2 Hereturikōkā 2008. 11

SOURCE E

Coronation of King George Tupou V King George Tupou V is a direct descendant of Tonga’s first King, George ...

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... on the reconstruction of the destroyed capital.

Tongan nobles wearing ‘aofivalas (waist mats) await the arrival of the King for the taumafa kava ritual on 30 July 2008. Consuming a coconut shell of kava in a single motion was the final act in a Tongan students wearing fa seed necklaces perform the Lakalaka ceremony that saw the King officially became the dance for King George Tupou V during the Cultural Day 23rd ruler of Tonga. celebrations in the capital, Nuku´alofa, on 29 July 2008.

Tupou V seated on his throne during the coronation ceremony, 1 August 2008. Amid ringing church bells, booming cannons, balloons and cheering children, The newly crowned King of Tonga emerges to greet the Tonga crowned its new King in front of a church thousands of well-wishers in Nuku’alofa, Friday, 1 August congregation of 1 000 well-wishers that included 2008. Tongan, British, Japanese and Thai royalty, as well as South Pacific chiefs and other leaders. Tupou V (standing in the vehicle wearing the red sash), inspects his troops during the Coronation Military Parade, 2 August 2008. 12

MĀTĀPUNA F

Ngā Hua o te Pōtitanga, Whiringa-ā-rangi i te tau 2010 He whakarāpopototanga o ngā hua pōti o te Pāremata o Tonga i te 25 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2010 Ngā Rōpū Ngā % Ngā Pōti Tūru Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands 10 953 28.49 12

Tapeke 38 447 100.00 26 Mātāpuna: Matangi Tonga

Tuhipoka – i whai wāhi ngā 'tūtūā’ ki te tuku pōti mō ngā Māngai ...

He tapu tēnei rauemi. E kore taea te tuku atu. Aata tirohia ki ngā kupu kei raro iho i te pouaka nei.

... Kāwanatanga. He Minita Pirihimana nō mua a Edwards, ā, ahakoa te ingoa o tōna rōpū, kāore ia i tautoko i ngā whāinga o te rōpū tautoko manapori. 13

SOURCE F

Election Results, November 2010 Summary of the 25 November 2010 Tongan Legislative Assembly election results Parties Votes % Seats Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands 10 953 28.49 12

Total 38 447 100.00 26 Source: Matangi Tonga

Note – the ‘commoners’ [ordinary Tongans] were eligible to vote for the 17 People’s ...

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... One member of the People’s Democratic Party, Clive Edwards, was appointed to the Government by the King. Edwards had been a former Minister of Police and, despite his party’s name, did not support the aims of the pro-democracy movement. 14

NGĀ MIHI

Tuhipoka: He mea urutau mai i te mea taketake te nuinga o ngā mātāpuna tuhinga kua whakamahia ki tēnei whakamātautau.

Mātāpuna A http://www.everyculture.com/Oceania/Tonga-Sociopolitical-Organization.html#ixzz1EvGSLbgp http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Tonga-GeoI.jpg

Mātāpuna B http://www.paclii.org/to/legis/consol_act/cot238/ http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A030077b.htm http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=1d5a395426799e3b&q=shirley%20baker%20 tonga&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dshirley%252Bbaker%252Btonga%2526um%253D1%2526hl%253D en%2526sa%253DN%2526biw%253D1259%2526bih%253D592%2526tbs%253Disch:1

Mātāpuna C http://www.tongaturismo.info/old-tonga/old-34.jpg

Mātāpuna D http://cdnedge.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/6158720.stm http://anarchafairy.wordpress.com/2007/04/29/the-nu-face-of-youth-rebellion/ http://wn.com/tonga

Mātāpuna E http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/08/the_new_king_of_tonga.html

Mātāpuna F http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_general_election,_2010 15

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Note: Most text sources used in this examination have been adapted from the originals.

Source A http://www.everyculture.com/Oceania/Tonga-Sociopolitical-Organization.html#ixzz1EvGSLbgp http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Tonga-GeoI.jpg

Source B http://www.paclii.org/to/legis/consol_act/cot238/ http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A030077b.htm http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=1d5a395426799e3b&q=shirley%20baker%20 tonga&prev=/images%253Fq%253Dshirley%252Bbaker%252Btonga%2526um%253D1%2526hl%253D en%2526sa%253DN%2526biw%253D1259%2526bih%253D592%2526tbs%253Disch:1

Source C http://www.tongaturismo.info/old-tonga/old-34.jpg

Source D http://cdnedge.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/6158720.stm http://anarchafairy.wordpress.com/2007/04/29/the-nu-face-of-youth-rebellion/ http://wn.com/tonga

Source E http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/08/the_new_king_of_tonga.html

Source F http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_general_election,_2010 English translation of the wording on the front cover

Level 2 History, 2011 90467 Examine evidence in historical sources

90467MR 9.30 am Thursday 24 November 2011 Credits: Four

RESOURCE BOOKLET

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