Fernöstliche Kampfkunst, Lebenskraftkonzepte Und Selbsttransformationstechnologien

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Fernöstliche Kampfkunst, Lebenskraftkonzepte Und Selbsttransformationstechnologien Fernöstliche Kampfkunst, Lebenskraftkonzepte und Selbsttransformationstechnologien. Theorie und Praxis asiatischer Sinnsysteme Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades des Doktors der Philosophie im Fachbereich Sozialwissenschaften der Universität Hamburg vorgelegt von Jan Peter F. Hintelmann aus Stade Hamburg, September 2009 Erstgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Marianne Pieper Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Ludwig Fischer Tag der Disputation: 15.07.2009 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Danksagung ................................................................................................................................. 5 1. Einführung ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Problemstellung ........................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Ziel und Abgrenzung der Arbeit ................................................................................ 10 1.2.1. Forschungsziel ......................................................................................................... 10 1.2.2. Begründung für die Einengung der Thematik ......................................................... 10 1.3 Anlage der Arbeit - Wege der Bearbeitung und Darstellung .................................... 11 1.3.1. Eigene Voraussetzungen ......................................................................................... 11 1.3.2. Forschungsperspektive ............................................................................................ 12 1.3.2.1. Beschreibung bisheriger Forschungsperspektiven ........................................... 12 1.3.2.2. Beschreibung der Forschungsperspektive ........................................................ 12 1.3.2.3. Die Diskursanalyse ........................................................................................... 24 1.3.2.4. Die Diskursanalyse im Themenfeld Kampfkunst ............................................. 29 2. Literaturlage und Forschungsstand........................................................................................ 32 2.1. Mittelalter und Neuzeit ................................................................................................... 33 2.2. Die Rezeption der Kampfkünste in der Zeit des Kolonialismus und Totalitarimus ....... 34 2.3. Neuere Entwicklungen ................................................................................................... 35 3. Wertewandel und Sinnkrisen aus der Perspektive sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung ....... 40 4. Die Kampfsysteme der Welt .................................................................................................. 52 4.1. Kampf und Krieg in der westlichen und östlichen Kultur .............................................. 52 4.2. Kampfsport und Kampfkunst ......................................................................................... 59 4.3. Die traditionellen Kampfkünste Chinas und Südasiens ................................................. 67 4.4. Darstellung wichtiger westlicher und östlicher Kampfsysteme ..................................... 95 4.4.1. Westliche Kampfsysteme ........................................................................................ 95 4.4.1.1. Klassifikation der westlichen Kampfsysteme .................................................. 96 4.4.1.2. Verzeichnis der historisch wichtigsten westlichen Kampfsysteme nach geographischer Herkunft ............................................................................................... 98 4.4.2. Östliche Kampfsysteme ........................................................................................... 98 4.4.2.1. Verzeichnis der historisch wichtigsten Kampfsysteme Asiens nach geographischer Herkunft ............................................................................................... 99 5. Die pyhsiologischen Ressourcen der Kampfkünste ............................................................ 102 5.1. Körpertechnologie - Kampf und körperliche Bewährung ............................................ 102 5.1.1. Selbstverteidigung für Frauen?.............................................................................. 105 5.1.2. Ritualisierte Gewalt ............................................................................................... 107 5.2. Sinnesphysiologie - Der Zusammenhang von Entschleunigung, Sensorik und Sensibilisierung ................................................................................................................... 109 5.2.1. Entschleunigung und taktile Sensibilisierung ....................................................... 110 5.3. Der Lebenskraftkonzeptdiskurs ........................................................................................ 113 5.3.1. Einführung ................................................................................................................. 113 5.3.2. Definition des Terminus Qigong ........................................................................... 114 5.3.3. Klassifikation der Qigong- Stile ............................................................................ 116 5.3.4. Die Qigong-Praxis ................................................................................................. 126 5.3.4.1. Kernelemente der traditionellen Qigong-Übungspraxis ................................. 126 5.3.4.2.Typische Übungsreaktionen ............................................................................ 129 3 5.3.4.3. Nebenwirkungen ............................................................................................. 130 5.3.4.4. Prävention ....................................................................................................... 131 5.3.5. Die traditionelle Theorie des Qigong aus chinesischer Sicht ................................ 132 5.3.6. Theorie des Qigong aus Sicht der chinesischen Lebenskraftkonzeptforschung ... 133 5.3.6.1. Experimentelle Studien der chinesischen Qigong-Wissenschaft ................... 133 5.3.6.2.Konzeptuelle Forschungen der chinesischen Qigong-Wissenschaft ............... 134 5.3.7. Die Geschichte des Qigong im Westen ................................................................. 137 5.3.8. Der Lebenskraftkonzeptdiskurs und die westliche ‚Scientific Community’ ......... 147 5.4. Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................ 150 6. Moralische Ressourcen der Kampfkünste - eine Zeitdiagnostik ......................................... 153 6.1. Die konfuzianistische Moralphilosophie im Spiegel östlicher Modernisierung .......... 153 6.1.1. Konfuzianistische Moralphilosophie und Kampfkunstkultur in China ................. 153 6.1.2. Die Auswirkungen der chinesischen Kulturrevolution auf die Kampfkunstkultur ......................................................................................................................................... 157 6.2. Gesundheitspolitik und Kampfkunst – Gesundheitsförderung, Prävention und Kampfkunstmanagement ..................................................................................................... 160 6.2.1. Kampfkunst im Kontext von Gesundheitspolitik, Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention ........................................................................................................................ 161 6.2.2. Kampfkunstmanagement – Akteure der Prävention .............................................. 166 6.3. Zusammenfassung und Interpretation .......................................................................... 167 7. Ethische Ressourcen der Kampfkünste – die Selbsttransformationstechnologien .............. 170 7.1. Einführung .................................................................................................................... 170 7.2. Der sozial- und geisteswissenschaftliche Zusammenhang von Sinnkrisen, Sinnressourcen und Ethik .................................................................................................... 171 7.3. Die Ethik der Kampfkünste .......................................................................................... 173 7.4. Die Ethik des Buddhismus ........................................................................................... 174 7.4.1. Die Geschichte und Philosophie des Chaan-Buddhismus ..................................... 178 7.4.2. Chaan-Buddhismus und Shaolin-Kampfkunst ...................................................... 191 7.4.3. Die Geschichte des Chaan-Buddhismus in Deutschland ....................................... 195 7.5. Vergleich der Erfahrungsbildung im Chaan-Buddhismus und im Denken Foucaults 210 7.6. Zusammenfassung und Diskussion .............................................................................. 213 8. Die historische Diskursanalyse im Themenfeld der Kampfkunst ....................................... 220 8.1. Diskursanalyse und Diskurswandel .............................................................................. 221 8.2. Die historische Diskursanalyse – Der Wandel des Kampfkunst-Diskurses ................. 222 8.3. Zusammenfassung der wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Untersuchung – Theorie und Praxis asiatischer Sinnsysteme ....................................................................................................... 228 8.4. Abschließende Beurteilung und Einschätzung ............................................................. 230 9. Anhang: Auszug aus einer Übersicht über
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