EA47CH15_Allen ARjats.cls May 13, 2019 14:21 Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Earthquake Early Warning: Advances, Scientific Challenges, and Societal Needs Richard M. Allen1 and Diego Melgar2 1Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-4760, USA; email:
[email protected] 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1272, USA; email:
[email protected] Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2019. 47:361–88 Keywords First published as a Review in Advance on earthquake early warning, hazard reduction, earthquake physics, ground January 30, 2019 motion prediction, seismic networks, geodetic networks The Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences is online at earth.annualreviews.org Abstract https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-053018- Earthquake early warning (EEW) is the delivery of ground shaking alerts or 060457 warnings. It is distinguished from earthquake prediction in that the earth- Copyright © 2019 by Annual Reviews. quake has nucleated to provide detectable ground motion when an EEW is All rights reserved issued. Here we review progress in the field in the last 10 years. We begin with EEW users, synthesizing what we now know about who uses EEW and what information they need and can digest. We summarize the approaches to EEW and gather information about currently existing EEW systems im- plemented in various countries while providing the context and stimulus for Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2019.47:361-388. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org their creation and development. We survey important advances in methods, Access provided by University of California - Berkeley on 06/03/19.