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Moving Millions: How Coyote Capitalism Fuels Global Immigration

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Moving Millions: How Coyote Capitalism Fuels Global Immigration —continued from front fl ap— $27.95 USA/$33.95 CAN ADVANCE PRAISE FOR Kaye takes readers around the world in sear ch of Kaye On the same day that r eporter Jef frey Kaye answers, with stops in Mexico, Eur ope, the UAE, MOVING MILLIONS visited the T ondo hospital in northwest Manila, Poland, Senegal, and elsewher e. Interviewing members of an employees association wearing smugglers and undocumented workers, recruiters “A really wonderful book. With vivid writing that brings policy to hospital uniforms rallied in the outside courtyar d and legal immigrants, Kaye fi nds surprising life through the people most touched by it, Moving Millions pulls demanding pay raises. The nurses at the hospital connections between globalization, economic took home about $261 a month, while in the us acr oss the global landscape of one of the least understood growth, and the convoluted immigration debates United States, nurses earn, on average, more than taking place in the United States and other phenomena of our time—human migration—and demonstrates fi fteen times that rate of pay. No wonder so many industrialized countries. why each of us has a stake in what happens to these strangers in our nurses leave the Philippines. What does it all add up to? America’ s Between 2000 and 2007, nearly 78,000 MOVING MILLIONS midst. Kaye’s done such a fantastic job of capturing the human, as IMMIGRATION FUELS GLOBAL CAPITALISM COYOTE HOW approach to importing workers looks fr om the qualifi ed nurses left the Philippines to work outside like a patchwork of unnecessary laws and well as the government and commercial, sides of this complicated abroad, but ther e’s mor e to it than the pull of regulations, but the machinery of immigration is issue. A superb piece of work.” better wages: each year the Philippine pr esident actually part of a larger, global system that satisfi es hands out Bagong Bayani (“Modern-day the needs of businesses and governments, often —Judy Woodruff, Senior Correspondent, PBS NewsHour Heroes”) awar ds to the country’ s “outstanding at the expense of workers in every nation. and exemplary” migrant workers. Migrant labor Moving Millions brings a new perspective “Global immigration—for ced, exploitative, and pr ofi table—is MOVING MILLIONS accounts for the Philippines’ second largest source to the looming debates over compr ehensive of export r evenue—after electr onics—and they arguably the most explosive social issue of our time. Its economics immigration reform in Washington. It is important HOW COYOTE CAPITALISM ship out nurses like another country might export reading for policy makers, activists on both sides are murky and its politics ar e hypocritical. Read this book if you textiles. In 2008, the Philippines was one of the top-ranking destination countries for remittances, of immigration and globalization debates, and want a well-written, honest guide to how it works and why any FUELS GLOBAL IMMIGRATION anyone who wants to understand an issue that will alongside India ($45 billion), China ($34.5 billion), remain a major point of domestic and international solution has to focus on wher e immigrants come fr om as well as and Mexico ($26.2 billion). political confl ict for decades to come. where they go.” Nurses in the Philippines, farmers in Senegal, Dominican factory workers in rural —Jeff Faux, founder of the Economic Policy Institute and Pennsylvania, even Indian softwar e engineers Photo: Jonathan Patty JEFFREY KA YE is a fr eelance author of The Global Class War working in California—all ar e pieces of a lar ger journalist and special corr espondent system Kaye calls “coyote capitalism.” for the PBS NewsHour, for whom Coyote capitalism is the idea—practiced by he has r eported since 1984. His “Jeffrey Kaye does a masterful job in demolishing the myriad myths many businesses and governments—that people, work has also appear ed in the Los surrounding immigration and puts a human, sometimes tragic, like other natural r esources, ar e supplies to be Angeles Times, the Washington shifted ar ound to meet demand. W orkers ar e Post, and other print, br oadcast, and Internet face on the concurr ent global push of poverty and the pull of the pushed out, pulled in, and put on the line without outlets. For mor e information, and to see pictur es promise of a better life.” consideration of the consequences for economies, taken while reporting for Moving Millions, visit —Marc Cooper, USC Annenberg School communities, or individuals. his Web site at: www.jeffreykaye.net. With a fr esh take on a contr oversial topic, Moving Millions knocks down myth after myth about why immigrants come to the United States Jacket Design: Wendy Mount and what role they play in the economy, challenging Jacket Photograph: © PhotoObjects.net/Jupiter Images the view that immigrants themselves motivate immigration, rather than the policies of businesses Jeffrey Kaye and governments in both rich and poor nations. —continued on back fl ap— ISBN: 978 0 470 42334 9 ffirs.indd iv 3/12/10 10:50:07 AM Moving Millions How Coyote Capitalism Fuels Global Immigration JEFFREY KAYE John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ffirs.indd i 3/12/10 10:50:04 AM Copyright © 2010 by Jeffrey Kaye. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www .wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and the author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifi cally disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fi tness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any loss of profi t or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. For general information about our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Kaye, Jeffrey. Moving millions : how coyote capitalism fuels global immigration / Jeffrey Kaye. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-470-42334-9 (cloth) 1. Emigration and immigration—Economic aspects. 2. Emigration and immigration— Social aspects. 3. Emigration and immigration—Government policy. 4. Foreign workers. I. Title. JV6217.K39 2010 325—dc22 2009034173 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ffirs.indd ii 3/12/10 10:50:05 AM To the memory of my parents, Harry and Rebecca. To my sister, Judith. To my wife and best friend, Deborah. And to my children, Sara and Sophie: May your own life voyages be ones of fulfi llment, compassion, love, and joy. ffirs.indd iii 3/12/10 10:50:06 AM ffirs.indd iv 3/12/10 10:50:07 AM CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1 Lures and Blinders 12 2 Growing People for Export 30 3 Migrants in the Global Marketplace 42 4 Switching Course: Reversals of Fortune 62 5 Recruitment Agencies and Body Shops 78 6 Smugglers as Migration Service Providers 99 7 “We Rely Heavily on Immigrant Labor” 117 8 Servitude and Cash Flows 132 9 “Help Wanted” or “No Trespassing” 150 10 Politics, Infl uence, and Alliances 170 11 Southwest Showdowns 191 12 Fresh Blood and National Selection 214 13 “Torn Apart for the Need to Survive” 238 Notes 260 Index 297 v ftoc.indd v 3/17/10 9:54:52 AM ftoc.indd vi 3/17/10 9:54:54 AM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS As an immigrant, a journalist, and a longtime resident of Los Angeles, I have found the subject of immigration to be an abiding and recur- ring theme. So this book is a product of not only my personal history, but also of a career in which I’ ve tried to understand and explain the forces that spur people to uproot themselves, leave families, and cross borders. I spent the fi rst thirteen years of my life in London. My mother and father were born in England right after World War I to parents who had been part of the great westward- moving wave of Eastern Europeans. As a result, my family life was imbued with a hybrid culture —that spanned two worlds — an older, Yiddish -speaking generation, and that of my parents, a bridge between the Old World and the New.
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