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31 Actas Portuguesas De Horticultura 31 Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura 2020 VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura FICHA TÉCNICA Título: VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Coleção: Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, N.º 31 Propriedade e edição Associação Portuguesa de Horticultura (APH) Rua da Junqueira, 299, 1300-338 Lisboa http://www.aphorticultura.pt Editores Nuno Rodrigues Ana Cristina Ramos José Alberto Pereira Grafismo da capa: Nuno Rodrigues ISBN: 978-972-8936-38-9 Ano: 2020 Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, nº 31 (2020) i VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Comissões Comissão organizadora Ana Cristina Ramos (INIAV; APH) Cristina Sempiterno (INIAV) Francisco Pavão (CAP) José Alberto Pereira (CIMO/ESA-IPB; APH) Margarida Oliveira (ESA-IPS) Nuno Barba (ESA-IPS) Nuno Rodrigues (CIMO/ESA-IPB; APH) Pedro Jordão (INIAV), Presidente Rocío Arias Calderón (INIAV; APH) Comissão cientifica Ana Paula Silva (CITAB/UTAD) António Cordeiro (INIAV) António Ramos (ESA/IPCB) Augusto António Peixe (Univ. Évora) Encarnação Marcelo (INIAV) Fátima Peres (ESA-IPCB) Isabel Ferreira (ISA-UL) José Alberto Pereira (CIMO/ESA-IPB; APH), Presidente José Peça (Univ. Évora) Laura Torres (CITAB, UTAD) Paula Baptista (CIMO/ESA-IPB) Pedro Reis (INIAV) Secretariado Carlos Reis (ESA/IPB) Marta Madureira (ESA/IPB) Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, nº 31 (2020) ii VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Prefácio A Associação Portuguesa de Horticultura (APH) tem o prazer de apresentar o volume 31 das Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, que contém parte das comunicações apresentadas, sob a forma de comunicações orais e em painéis, no VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura, que decorreu em Santarém de 7 a 10 de junho de 2018. É já longa a tradição do Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura, que ao longo de oito edições sempre se assumiu como o principal fórum de discussão, das problemáticas do setor no nosso País. Este Simpósio, que decorreu no Centro Nacional de Exposições, em Santarém, foi integrado no âmbito das atividades do World Olive Oil Summit, durante a Feira Nacional de Agricultura de 2018, contribuiu mais uma vez para a afirmação de um setor extremamente importante da economia nacional. Numa organização da Associação Portuguesa de Horticultura (APH) em parceria com o Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV) e a Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém (ESA/IPS) e com o apoio do Centro Nacional de Exposições (CNEMA), o Simpósio reuniu investigadores, técnicos, profissionais dos setor, agricultores e agentes de toda a fileira. Com a divulgação dos últimos progressos técnico-científicos, o Simpósio contribuiu para a afirmação do setor da olivicultura e azeite, num período em que o setor se encontra particularmente ativo, com valores de produção nacional a serem superados anualmente. A edição nº 31 das Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, inclui 22, de comunicações apresentadas, quer na forma de comunicações por convite, apresentações orais ou em painel, agradecendo o esforço dos autores na preparação dos manuscritos. A realização deste Simpósio só foi possível graças ao empenho de uma vasta equipa. A todos os membros da Comissão Organizadora, da Comissão Científica, do Secretariado, bem como aos oradores convidados, autores de comunicações, às entidades que se associaram, que de uma forma direta ou indireta, apoiaram ou patrocinaram a realização deste evento, endereçamos os nossos sinceros agradecimentos. Um grande bem-haja a todos. Nuno Rodrigues Ana Cristina Ramos José Alberto Pereira Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, nº 31 (2020) iii VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Índice Sessão I – Ecofisiologia, Recursos Naturais e Melhoramento .................................... 1 Establecimiento de áreas de alto valor paisajístico en olivar de ribera ............................ 2 Seguimiento de los cultivares y acebuches de olivo a lo largo de las cuencas fluviales del Este de la Península Ibérica .............................................................................................. 6 Sessão II – Proteção da Oliveira .................................................................................. 11 Os vetores potenciais de Xylella fastidiosa no olival alentejano e o papel da artropodofauna auxiliar na sua limitação natural ........................................................... 12 Avaliação do potencial antimicrobiano de endófitos de oliveira para uso como agentes de controlo biológico de Xylella fastidiosa ......................................................................... 24 Relação entre a infeção por Xylella fastidiosa e estado nutricional de plantas hospedeiras ........................................................................................................................................ 33 Captura em massa de Bactrocera oleae no sul de Portugal ........................................... 42 Sessão III – Sistemas e Técnicas Culturais ................................................................. 50 Oliveira, a antiga arte de não morrer de fome nem de sede: estudos no Baixo Alentejo 51 Resposta de oliveiras jovens à aplicação de macro e micronutrientes ........................... 58 Adecuación de aportes de fertilización complementaria en olivar intensivo con riego deficitario controlado ...................................................................................................... 67 Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para estimativa da produção de azeitona em olival em sebe ........................................................................................................................... 73 Momento ótimo de maturação para a colheita de cinco variedades de oliveira da região do Alentejo ..................................................................................................................... 81 Sessão IV – Tecnologia, Qualidade ............................................................................. 87 Azeites Virgens de Agricultura Biológica na Região de Idanha-a-Nova ....................... 88 Reduction of acrylamide content in Californian-style black olives ............................... 94 Caracterização de Azeites Virgens da Região das Beiras e Serra da Estrela ............... 101 Análise comparativa de acidez em ácido oleico e perfil de ácidos graxos de azeites produzidos no Brasil, Argentina e Espanha ................................................................. 108 Utilización de la fluorescencia intrínseca de las aceitunas Ascolana Tenera en combinación con quimiometría para la monitorización del proceso de elaboración ... 113 Contributo para a caracterização de azeitona de mesa de fermentação natural de Trás-os- Montes das cvs Negrinha de Freixo e Cobrançosa ....................................................... 117 Produção de Farinha de Polpa de Azeitona de Conserva “Negrinha de Freixo” ......... 123 Caracterização físico-química de farinhas de azeitona produzidas por diferentes métodos de secagem .................................................................................................................... 129 Avaliação do valor atribuído pelos consumidores ao azeite de oliveiras centenárias .. 134 Conhecimentos, preferências e hábitos de consumo relativamente ao azeite em Portugal ...................................................................................................................................... 141 Perfil enzimático de leveduras isoladas durante o processamento de azeitonas de mesa da cultivar Negrinha de Freixo .......................................................................................... 149 Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, nº 31 (2020) iv VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Sessão I – Ecofisiologia, Recursos Naturais e Melhoramento Actas Portuguesas de Horticultura, nº 31 (2020) 1 VIII Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura Establecimiento de áreas de alto valor paisajístico en olivar de ribera Inmacualda Marqués-Pérez2, Isabel López-Cortés1 & Domingo M. Salazar1 1Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana. Universitat Politècnica de València. [email protected] 2Departamento de Economía y Ciencias Sociales. Universitat Politècnica de València. INECO. Resumen Tras el interés suscitado por conservar y monitorizar los sistemas paisajísticos y agrarios de alto valor natural (AHNV), así como detectar el abandono de cultivo en la proximidad de las cuencas, ha sido constatada la poca incidencia real de las actuaciones de conservación en la mejora de la biodiversidad existente en dichas zonas. Los acebuches junto con los olivos dispersos en las zonas de ribera suponen un valor constante a lo largo de los años en las zonas agrarias y en las zonas de ribera próximas. Se estableció la necesidad de empezar el estudio en las cuencas fluviales de los ríos Palancia y Turia, dado que históricamente han sido zona clara de migración humana y posible dispersión agraria, siéndolo también de material olivícola. La búsqueda de estas interrelaciones nos permitirá determinar no solo la mejora o disminución de biodiversidad, existente en las cuencas fluviales, sino determinar qué implicación pueden tener el acebuche y el olivo en el asentamiento y mejora de las zonas. Estas zonas son paisajes agrarios ya desarrollados por el hombre y que en estos momentos suponen la base de una olivicultura establecida y con valor agronómico y paisajístico. Sin embargo, muestran una clara degradación en su entorno, que ha obligado a la pérdida tanto de material vegetal como de enclaves de piedra seca usados históricamente en estas zonas
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