Ants of British Columbia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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The Effects of Serotonin, Dopamine, Octopamine and Tyramine on Behavior of Workers of the Ant Formica Polyctena During Dyadic Aggression Tests
Research Paper Acta Neurobiol Exp 2013, 73: 495–520 The effects of serotonin, dopamine, octopamine and tyramine on behavior of workers of the ant Formica polyctena during dyadic aggression tests Anna Szczuka1, Julita Korczyńska1, Andrzej Wnuk1, Beata Symonowicz1, Anna Gonzalez Szwacka1, Paweł Mazurkiewicz1,2, Wojciech Kostowski3, and Ewa Joanna Godzińska1* 1Laboratory of Ethology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland, *Email: [email protected]; 2College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 3Department of Pharmacology and Physiology of the Nervous System, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland We investigated the effect of injections of four biogenic amines (serotonin, dopamine, octopamine and tyramine) on behavior patterns displayed by workers of the red wood ant Formica polyctena during dyadic confrontations with four types of opponents: a nestmate, an alien conspecific, an allospecific ant (Formica fusca), and a potential prey, a nymph of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus). Significant effects of biogenic amine administration were observed almost exclusively in the case of confrontations with allospecific opponents. Serotonin treatment exerted stimulatory effects on behavior patterns involving physical aggression (biting accompanied by gaster flexing, dragging and formic acid spraying), but these effects were relatively weak and/or documented by indirect evidence. Dopamine administration exerted a stimulatory effect on open-mandible threats directed by F. polyctena to F. fusca and to cricket nymphs, and on biting behavior directed to cricket nymphs. Surprisingly, octopamine treatment did not exert significant effects on aggressive behavior of the tested ants. Tyramine administration exerted a suppressing effect on threatening behavior directed to F. -
AESA BASED IPM PACKAGE Apricot Directorate of Plant
AESA BASED IPM PACKAGE Apricot Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine and National Institute of Plant Health Storage Management Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, N. H. IV, Faridabad,-Haryana Telangana Department of Agriculture and Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture Government of India The AESA based IPM – Apricot (Prunus armeniaca), was compiled by the NIPHM working group under the Chairmanship of Dr. Satyagopal Korlapati, IAS, DG, NIPHM, and guidance of Shri. Utpal Kumar Singh, IAS, JS (PP). The package was developed taking into account the advice of experts listed below on various occasions before finalization. NIPHM Working Group: Chairman : Dr. Satyagopal Korlapati, IAS, Director General Vice-Chairmen : Dr. S. N. Sushil, Plant Protection Advisor : Dr. P. Jeyakumar, Director (PHM) Core Member apricot : 1. Er. G. Shankar, Joint Director (PHE), Pesticide Application Techniques Expertise. 2. Dr. O. P. Sharma, Joint Director (A & AM), Agronomy Expertise. 3. Dr. Satish Kumar Sain, Assistant Director (PHM), Pathology Expertise. 4. Dr. Dhana Raj Boina, Assistant Director (PHM), Entomology Expertise. 5. Mrs. N. Lavanya, Scientific Officer (BP&BC), Entomology Expertise. Contributions by DPPQ&S Experts: 1. Shri. Ram Asre, Additional Plant Protection Advisor (IPM), 2. Dr. K. S. Kapoor, Deputy Director (Entomology), 3. Dr. Sanjay Arya, Deputy Director (Plant Pathology), 4. Dr. Subhash Kumar, Deputy Director (Weed Science) 5. Dr. C. S. Patni, Plant Protection Officer (Plant Pathology) Contributions by External Experts: 1. Dr. G. Mahendiran, Scientist (Entomology),ICAR- Central Institute for Temperate Horticulture, K.D. Farm, Old Air Field, P.O. Rangreth, Srinagar (J& K)-190007 2. Dr. V. K. Kalra HOD (Entomology), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana 3. -
Β-1.3-Glucanases E Digestão De Leveduras Em Larvas De Aedes Aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae): Aspectos Fisiológicos E Moleculares
MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE FUNDAÇÃO OSWALDO CRUZ INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação de Biologia Celular e Molecular β-1.3-glucanases e digestão de leveduras em larvas de Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae): Aspectos fisiológicos e moleculares Raquel Santos Souza Rio de Janeiro Fevereiro de 2014 i INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Raquel Santos Souza β-1,3-glucanases e digestão de leveduras em larvas de Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, 1762 (Diptera: Culicidae): Aspectos fisiológicos e moleculares Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Oswaldo Cruz como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fernando Ariel Genta RIO DE JANEIRO 2014 ii iii INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular RAQUEL SANTOS SOUZA β-1,3-glucanases e digestão de leveduras em larvas de Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, 1762 (Diptera: Culicidae): Aspectos fisiológicos e moleculares ORIENTADOR: Prof. Dr. Fernando Ariel Genta Aprovada em: 26/02/2014 EXAMINADORES: Prof. Dra. Denise Valle- IOC/FIOCRUZ (Presidente) Prof. Dra. Maria Helena Neves Lobo Silva Filha- CPqAM/PE (Membro titular) Prof. Dr. Ednildo de Alcântara Machado- UFRJ (Membro titular/revisor) Prof. Dra. Renata Schamma Lellis - IOC/FIOCRUZ (Suplente) Prof. Dra. Thaís Irene Souza Riback- PROCC/FIOCRUZ (Suplente) Rio de Janeiro, 26 de Fevereiro de 2014 iv Ao Dr. Fernando Ariel Genta, por me emprestar suas próprias asas quando eu achava que já não podia mais voar. v AGRADECIMENTOS “Não a nós, SENHOR, não a nós, mas ao teu nome dá glória, por amor da tua benignidade e da tua verdade. -
Bacterial Infections Across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Asaia
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2013, Article ID 936341, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/936341 Research Article Bacterial Infections across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma,andAsaia Stefanie Kautz,1 Benjamin E. R. Rubin,1,2 and Corrie S. Moreau1 1 Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA 2 Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Stefanie Kautz; [email protected] Received 21 February 2013; Accepted 30 May 2013 Academic Editor: David P. Hughes Copyright © 2013 Stefanie Kautz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Bacterial endosymbionts are common across insects, but we often lack a deeper knowledge of their prevalence across most organisms. Next-generation sequencing approaches can characterize bacterial diversity associated with a host and at the same time facilitate the fast and simultaneous screening of infectious bacteria. In this study, we used 16S rRNA tag encoded amplicon pyrosequencing to survey bacterial communities of 310 samples representing 221 individuals, 176 colonies and 95 species of ants. We found three distinct endosymbiont groups—Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales), Spiroplasma (Firmicutes: Entomoplasmatales), -
Territoriality in Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a Review
Myrmecological News 23 101-118 Vienna, September 2016 Territoriality in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a review Eldridge S. ADAMS Abstract Territory defense by ants is a social process with strong ecological effects. I review the mechanisms by which ants par- tition space, the behaviors governing individual and colony territorial responses, and the effects of territory defense on populations and communities. Partitioning of space is sometimes accomplished by massive battles, but well defined boundaries are also maintained by less violent means, including avoidance of competitors. Ants flexibly adjust individual and group territorial behavior according to location, scent marks, prior experience, and the local density of nestmates and competitors. An ongoing theoretical challenge is to incorporate these processes into models that accurately predict division of space. Many studies have documented strong effects of territorial interactions on the growth, movement, survival, reproduction, and spacing of competing colonies. Far fewer studies have measured the net effect of territori- ality on population dynamics. Fighting can be costly, but there is little evidence that it appreciably reduces worker density or that loss of territoriality promotes the invasiveness of exotic ants. Territorial ants are said to be at the top of competitive hierarchies that structure ant communities. Because much of the evidence is based on correlations, some claims about the community effects of territoriality have met with skepticism. Nonetheless, there is strong evidence from diverse habitats that territory defense produces multi-species mosaics of exclusive foraging areas and that territorial dominants influence the occurrence of some other ant species. Key words: Aggression, ant mosaic, community structure, dear enemy, invasive ants, Lanchester's square law, review, spatial pattern, territory. -
Somerset's Ecological Network
Somerset’s Ecological Network Mapping the components of the ecological network in Somerset 2015 Report This report was produced by Michele Bowe, Eleanor Higginson, Jake Chant and Michelle Osbourn of Somerset Wildlife Trust, and Larry Burrows of Somerset County Council, with the support of Dr Kevin Watts of Forest Research. The BEETLE least-cost network model used to produce Somerset’s Ecological Network was developed by Forest Research (Watts et al, 2010). GIS data and mapping was produced with the support of Somerset Environmental Records Centre and First Ecology Somerset Wildlife Trust 34 Wellington Road Taunton TA1 5AW 01823 652 400 Email: [email protected] somersetwildlife.org Front Cover: Broadleaved woodland ecological network in East Mendip Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 2. Policy and Legislative Background to Ecological Networks ............................................ 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 3 Government White Paper on the Natural Environment .............................................. 3 National Planning Policy Framework ......................................................................... 3 The Habitats and Birds Directives ............................................................................. 4 The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 .................................. -
1 KEY to the DESERT ANTS of CALIFORNIA. James Des Lauriers
KEY TO THE DESERT ANTS OF CALIFORNIA. James des Lauriers Dept Biology, Chaffey College, Alta Loma, CA [email protected] 15 Apr 2011 Snelling and George (1979) surveyed the Mojave and Colorado Deserts including the southern ends of the Owen’s Valley and Death Valley. They excluded the Pinyon/Juniper woodlands and higher elevation plant communities. I have included the same geographical region but also the ants that occur at higher elevations in the desert mountains including the Chuckwalla, Granites, Providence, New York and Clark ranges. Snelling, R and C. George, 1979. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Ecology of California Desert Ants. Report to Calif. Desert Plan Program. Bureau of Land Mgmt. Their keys are substantially modified in the light of more recent literature. Some of the keys include species whose ranges are not known to extend into the deserts. Names of species known to occur in the Mojave or Colorado deserts are colored red. I would appreciate being informed if you find errors or can suggest changes or additions. Key to the Subfamilies. WORKERS AND FEMALES. 1a. Petiole two-segmented. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2 b. Petiole one-segmented. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………..4 2a. Frontal carinae narrow, not expanded laterally, antennal sockets fully exposed in frontal view. ……………………………….3 b. Frontal carinae expanded laterally, antennal sockets partially or fully covered in frontal view. …………… Myrmicinae, p 4 3a. Eye very large and covering much of side of head, consisting of hundreds of ommatidia; thorax of female with flight sclerites. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…. Pseudomyrmecinae, p 2 b. Eye absent or vestigial and consist of a single ommatidium; thorax of female without flight sclerites. -
Akes an Ant an Ant? Are Insects, and Insects Are Arth Ropods: Invertebrates (Animals With
~ . r. workers will begin to produce eggs if the queen dies. Because ~ eggs are unfertilized, they usually develop into males (see the discus : ~ iaplodiploidy and the evolution of eusociality later in this chapter). =- cases, however, workers can produce new queens either from un ze eggs (parthenogenetically) or after mating with a male ant. -;c. ant colony will continue to grow in size and add workers, but at -: :;oint it becomes mature and will begin sexual reproduction by pro· . ~ -irgin queens and males. Many specie s produce males and repro 0 _ " females just before the nuptial flight . Others produce males and ---: : ._ tive fem ales that stay in the nest for a long time before the nuptial :- ~. Our largest carpenter ant, Camponotus herculeanus, produces males _ . -:= 'n queens in late summer. They are groomed and fed by workers :;' 0 it the fall and winter before they emerge from the colonies for their ;;. ights in the spring. Fin ally, some species, including Monomoriurn : .:5 and Myrmica rubra, have large colonies with multiple que ens that .~ ..ew colonies asexually by fragmenting the original colony. However, _ --' e polygynous (literally, many queens) and polydomous (literally, uses, referring to their many nests) ants eventually go through a -">O=- r' sexual reproduction in which males and new queens are produced. ~ :- . ant colony thus functions as a highly social, organ ized "super _ _ " 1." The queens and mo st workers are safely hidden below ground : : ~ - ed within the interstices of rotting wood. But for the ant workers ~ '_i S ' go out and forage for food for the colony,'life above ground is - =- . -
A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Trevor Manendo University of Vermont
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2008 A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Trevor Manendo University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Recommended Citation Manendo, Trevor, "A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA" (2008). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 146. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/146 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A phylogenetic analysis of North American Lasius ants based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. A Thesis Presented by Trevor Manendo to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Biology May, 2008 Accepted by the Faculty of the Graduate College, The University of Vermont in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science specializing in Biology. Thesis Examination Committee: ice President for Research and Dean of Graduate Studies Date: March 19,2008 ABSTRACT The ant genus Lasius (Formicinae) arose during the early Tertiary approximately 65 million years ago. Lasius is one of the most abundant and widely distributed ant genera in the Holarctic region, with 95 described species placed in six subgenera: Acanthomyops, Austrolasius, Cautolasius, Chthonolasius, Dendrolasius and Lasius. -
Relations Phylogénétiques Chez Les Termites Du Genre Reticulitermes En Europe. Description D'une Nouvelle Espèce
Relations phylog´en´etiqueschez les termites du genre Reticulitermes en Europe. Description d'une nouvelle esp`ece. Paolo Uva To cite this version: Paolo Uva. Relations phylog´en´etiqueschez les termites du genre Reticulitermes en Europe. Description d'une nouvelle esp`ece.. Ecologie, Environnement. Universit´eFran¸coisRabelais - Tours, 2002. Fran¸cais. <tel-00114554> HAL Id: tel-00114554 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114554 Submitted on 17 Nov 2006 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. UNIVERSITÉ FRANÇOIS RABELAIS TOURS École Doctorale : Santé, Sciences, Technologies Année Universitaire : 2001/2002 THÈSE POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE TOURS Discipline : Sciences de la Vie présentée et soutenue publiquement par : Paolo UVA Le 8 novembre 2002 Relations phylogénétiques chez les termites du genre Reticulitermes en Europe. Description d'une nouvelle espèce Directeur de thèse : Dr. BAGNÈRES-URBANY Anne-Geneviève Jury : CARIOU Marie-Louise, Directeur de Recherche CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette ROISIN Yves, Professeur Université de Bruxelles (Belgique) BAGNÈRES-URBANY Anne-Geneviève, CR1 CNRS Université de Tours CLÉMENT Jean-Luc, Professeur CNRS, Paris / Université de Tours ERRARD Christine, Maître de Conférence Université de Tours MARINI Mario, Professeur Université de Bologne (Italie) Remerciements Ce manuscrit est la conclusion de mes trois années en tant qu'étudiant de troisième cycle à l'Université François Rabelais de Tours. -
Ecography E6629 Machac, A., Janda, M., Dunn, R
Ecography E6629 Machac, A., Janda, M., Dunn, R. R. and Sanders, N. J. 2010. Elevational gradients in phylogenetic structure of ant communities reveal the interplay of biotic and abiotic constraints on species density. – Ecography 33: xxx–xxx. Supplementary material system is 250–2000 m (Fig. S1); we have sampled approximate- ly 90% of the extent of this elevational gradient (Sanders et al. 2007). Vorarlberg Mts (2600 km2) consist of several montane systems Appendix 1 (Silvretta, Ratikon, Verwall, Arlberg) formed during the Alpine orogeny (65 mya) (Fenninger et al. 1980). Flora and fauna of the region have been largely affected during the ice ages. Nowadays, Geography of the montane systems the temperate climate predominates but, indeed, fluctuates with elevation (350–3000 m) (Austrian Geological Survey 2010) (Fig. The geological system of Great Smoky Mts (2000 km2) was formed S1). approximately 200–300 mya. The mountains’ convenient north- Chiricahua Mts (2200 km2), composed of Tertiary volcanics, south orientation allowed the species to migrate along their slopes are situated in the deserts of southeastern Arizona, USA (Jenney during the times of climate changes (e.g. ice age 10 kya) (King and Reynolds 1989). Particular biological diversity of the moun- 1968). Therefore, the environment of Smoky Mts remained un- tain range stems from its position on the interface of four ecological disturbed by climate fluctuations for over a million years, hence, regions (Sonoran desert, Chihuahuan desert, Rocky Mountains, providing species a sufficient time for wide diversifications (US and Sierra Madre) (US Geological Survey 2010). The elevational Geological Survey 2010). The elevational span of the montane gradient spans from 1100 to 2900 m (Fig. -
Arthropods in Linear Elements
Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996.