Tafsir Lughawi

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Tafsir Lughawi TAFSIR LUGHAWI Syafrijal Dosen Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Lughawi Tafsir (Quranic Interpretation) explains the Holy Qur’an through semiotic and semantic including language, morphology, lexical, grammatical, and rhetoric. This kind of interpretation has been used by Mufassir (experts in Quranic Interpretastion) to explain the verses of the Quran. Since the Quran was written in a very high style of language, the mufassirs who applied this method should have capability with certain criteria.The Lughawi Tafsir appeared in 2nd and 3rd H, along with the integration of the Arabs and non-Arabians. The fact that Arabic was no longer superior language of that time and the decrease of zaug ‘arabi (sense of Arabic), necessitated the Mufassirs to strengthen the language so that they could figure out the meanings of the Qur’an. The operational concept in explaining Lughawi Tafsir is done by presenting topics in the fields of nahu, sharaf, and balaghah together with their types and branches. Key words: quranic interpretation, semiotic and semantic Abstrak: Tafsir lughawi menjelaskan kitab suci Alquran melalui interpretasi semiotic dan semantic yang meliputi etimologis, morfologis,leksikal, gramatikal, dan retorikal. Tafsir lughawi ini merupakan salah satu corak yang dilakukan oleh mufassir untuk menjelaskan ayat-ayat Alquran. Karen Alquran mempunyai gaya bahasa yang sangat tinggi, maka mufassir yang akan menafsirkan Alquran dengan corak ini harus memiliki kapasitas dan criteria tertentu. Tafsir lughawi ini sudah mulai muncul pada abad kedua dan ketiga hijriyah. Muncul cara menafsirkan Alquran dengan bahasan corak kebahasaan ini disebabkan karena trjadi integrasi antara bangsa Arab dan non bangsa Arab, dan semakin hilangnya zauq Arabi, maka mufassir merasa memerlukan ilmu-ilmu mengenai bahasa Arab untuk menggambarkan makna-makna dan memahami maksud Alquran. Kerangka operasional untuk menjelaskan tafsir lughawi ini adalah dengan mengemukakan pembahasan di bidang ilmu nahu, sharaf, dan balaghah dengan macam-macam dan bagian masing-masing. Kata kunci: lughawi tafsir, interpretasi semiotic dan semantic PENDAHULUAN cara dan beberapa metode dan corak penyajiannya. Melihat kepada metode yang Al-Qur’an berfungsi sebagai petunjuk digunakan ulama dalam menafsirkan Alqur an, untuk memperdalam pemahaman dan penghaya- ada dalam bentuk ijmali atau mengungkap tan tentang Islam. Bahasanya yang mempesona makna Alqur an secara global saja, ada yang dan pesan-pesannya yang begitu agung telah menafsirkan secara rinci dan runtut, dan ada meluluhkan hati orang-orang yang membacanya juga yang menafsirkan berdasarkan topik dan membuat mereka kagum. Namun, penulis tertentu, dan bahkan ada yang membandingkan melihat banyak orang yang hanya terpesona pendapat ulama tentang pemahaman ayat yang dengan Alqur an , seolah-olah Alqur an itu kitab sama, membandingkan antara ayat yang mirip suci diturunkan hanya untuk dibaca. atau ayat dengan hadis. Begitu juga corak yang digunakan mufassir dalam menafsirkan Alqur Karena itu ulama bertanggung jawab dan an, mufassir menyampaikan pesan Alqur an itu berkewajiban untuk memperkenalkan Alqur’an sesuai dengan kapasitas ilmu yang mereka dan menyuguhkan pesan-pesan yang tersimpan miliki. Maka muncullah buku- buku tafsir di balik setiap untaian mutiara kata sejalan dengan berbagai corak sesuai dengan perkem- dengan perkembangan masyarakat, sehingga bangan ilmu pengetahuan dan bidang ilmu yang Alqur’an benar-benar berfungsi sesuai menurut mereka tekuni. Contohnya adalah tafsir ayat semestinya. Untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan ahkam, tafsir al-adabi al-ijtima’i, tafsir isyari, Alqur’an tersebut, ulama menempuh berbagai tafsir kauni, dan lain-lain. 421 Syafrijal, Tafsir Lughawi | 422 Salah satu metode pendekatan yang sangat ilmu bahasa dan yang terkait (nahwu, syaraf, signifikan adalah dengan menggunakan etimologi, balaghah dan qiraat) sebagai syarat pendekatan linguistik atau yang lebih dikenal utama bagi seorang mufassir. Abu hayyan (1992: dengan istilah tafsir lughawi. Tafsir lughawi 14–17) mengatakan bahwa seorang mufassir sangat diperlukan dalam memahami Alqur’an, harus mempersiapkan beberapa hal sebagai karena Alqur’an menggunakan bahasa Arab berikut: yang penuh dengan sastra, balaghah, fashahah, bayan, tamsil dan retorika, dan al-Qur’an juga 1. Mengetahui ilmu lughah, baik yang diturunkan pada masa kejayaan syair dan menyangkut isim, fi’il, maupun huruf. linguistik. Bahkan pada awal Islam , sebagian 2. Megetahui tata aturan bahasa Arab, baik orang masuk Islam hanya karena kekaguman ketika belum tersusun dalam suatu kalimat linguistik dan kefashihan al-Qur’an. maupun setelah tersusun dalam bentuk PENGERTIAN TAFSIR LUGHAWI kalimat. Tafsir lughawi terdiri dari dua kata, yaitu 3. Mengetahui adanya kata-kata atau kalimat tafsir dan lughawi. Tafsir yag akar katanya yang baligh atau fashih (ditinjau dari ilmu .(’bermakna keterangan dan ma’any, bayan , dan badi ﻓﺴﺮ berasal dari penjelasan (Abu al-Husain, t.t.: 504). Kemudian 4. Mengetahui hal-hal yang ijmali, tabyin, yang bererti ﻓﻌﻞ lafal itu diikutkan wazan umum, khusus, ithlaq, taqyid, dan menjelaskan atau menampakkan sesuatu. mengetahui pula dilalah amar dan nahi. yang berarti ﻟﻐﻰ Lughawi berasal dari kata gemar dan menetapi sesuatu (Abu Al-Husain, 5. Mengetahui perbedaan kata-kata dalam t.t.: 255). Manusia yang gemar dan menetapi bahasa Arab, baik ketika adanya penam- atau menekuni kata-kata yang digunakannya bahan huruf maupun pengurangan-nya, dan maka kata – kata itu disebut lughah. adanya perubahan harakat dan sebagainya. Dari penjelasan di atas dapat ditarik Dengan demikin, berarti seseorang belum sebuah pemahaman bahwa yang dimaksud layak dan tidak pantas menafsirkan al-Qur’an dengan tafsir lughawi adalah tafsir yang sebelum mengantongi ilmu-ilmu yang disebut- mencoba menjelaskan makna-makna al-Qur’an kan di atas dan tidak akan mendapatkan hasil dengan menggunakan kaedah-kaedah kebaha- yang dalam karya tafsirnya, bahkan akan saan, atau lebih simpelnya tafsir lughawi adalah menyesatkan umat dalam memahami al-Qur’an menjelaskan al-Qur’an melalui interpretasi apabila tidak menguasai ilmu bahasa Arab. Al- semiotik dan semantik yang meliputi etimo- Zahabi (t.t.: 266) mengatakan bahwa tidak logis, morfologis, leksikal, gramatikal dan sepantasnya orang yang beriman kepda Allah retorikal (Abd Muin Salim, 1999: 34 ). Dengan mendiskusikan kitab Allah (al-Qur’an) jika demikian, maka tafsir lughawi itu merupakan tidak pandai bahasa Arab. Lebih lanjut ia tafsir al-Qur’an yang menjelaskan ayat-ayat suci mengatakan bahwa seorang mufassir harus al-Qur’an lebih banyak difokuskan kepada mendalam bahasa Arab. Pengetahuan yang bidang bahasa. Maksudnya tafsir yang meng- sempit tentang baha Arab tidak cukup dipakai kaji Alqur’an dari segi nahwu, sharaf, balaghah sebagai alat untuk menafsirkan al-Qur’an, (ma’any, bayan dan badi’) dan lain sebagainya karena kadang-kadang suatu kata itu memiliki yang notabenenya adalah memahami ayat-ayat makna ganda (musytarak), sehingga seorang Alqur’an dengan pendekatan ilmu bahasa, maka mufassir yang demikan itu hanya mengetahui seseorang yang ingin menafsirkan al-Qur’an salah satu maknanya saja, sementara ada dengan pendekatan bahasa harus mengetahui kemungkinan makna yang dikehendaki dalam bahasa yang digunakan al-Qur’an yaitu bahasa Al-Qur’an adalah makna lain yang belum arab dengan segala seluk-beluknya, yang terkait diketahuinya. dengan nahwu, balaghah dan sastranya. Bahkan Ahmad Syurbasyi (1999: 31) menempatkan 423 | Jurnal Al-Ta’lim, Jilid 1, Nomor 5 Juli 2013, hlm. 423-430 hijrah (Musa’id Muslim Abdullah Ali Ja’far, 1984: 77-86). SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN TAFSIR LUGHAWI Syeikh Hasan Husain dalam suatu pendapatnya tentang sejarah ilmu tafsir Menurut Hasan ali al-Aridhi (1994: 23- mengatakan bahwa para sahabat dan tabi ‘in 24), terdapat perbedaan antara tafsir pada abad tidak menaruh perhatian kepada ilmu tafsir, pertama, kedua dan ketiga hijrah (mutaqaddimin) I’rab dan majaz pada masa permulaan dengan tafsir pada abad sesudahnya (muta pembukuan tafsir, bahkan, metode yang mereka ‘akhkhirin). Tafsir pada abad pertama, kedua gunakan sama dengan metode ahli hadis dalam dan ketiga hijrah hanya mengacu kepada inti meriwayatkan makna-makna Al-Qur’an. Kemu- dan kandungan al-Qur’an serta penjelasan dian kondisi yang demikian itu berubah pada makna yang dikehendaki oleh ayat al-Qur’an. masa berikutnya disebabkan semakin bertambah Belum ada perhatian terhadap bahasa, yaitu meluasnya interaksi bangsa Arab dan non Arab dari segi nahwu dan I’rab, dan tidak ada pula dan hilangnya zouq Araby. Maka para mufassir kajian tentang kata, susunan- susunan kalimat, merasa sangat memerlukan ilmu-ilmu tentang majaz, ijaz, ithnab, taqdim, ta’khir, wasl, qath’ bahasa Arab yang telah dibukukan, yaitu nahwu, serta nida dan istisna. Apa yang dilakukan oleh sharaf, ma’any, bayan badi’, dan lain-lain untuk ulama tafsir pada abad ketiga yang kemudian menggambarkan makna-makna dan mereka tuangkan dalam kitab-kitab karangan menjelaskan maksud-maksud Al-Qur’an yang mereka, sekaligus mereka mengelompokkannya mulia, sehingga sampailah pada kondisi menjadi bab-bab dan bagiannya adalah karena sebagaimana sekarang (Al-‘Aridhi, 1994: 25– melihat terjadinya perkembangan ilmiah 26). tentang tafsir pada saat itu. Kitab-kitab tafsir yang terkenal dengan Apa yang dikatakan al-Aridhi itu, prediket tafsir lughawi antara lain adalah kitab menurut hemat penulis, tidak semuanya benar, Anwar al-Tanzil, Wa Asrar al-Ta’wil karya karena telah muncul
Recommended publications
  • Jihad Menurut Ibn Kathīr Di Dalam Tafsīr Al-Qur'ān Al
    JIHAD MENURUT IBN KATHĪR DI DALAM TAFSĪR AL-QUR’ĀN AL-‘AẒĪM Anggi Wahyu Ari1 Abstrak Ini adalah penelitian tentang isu yang sensitif (Jihad) dilihat dari sudut pandang Ibn Kathir sebagai seorang ulama yang memakai metodologi tradisional-klasik di dalam penafsirannya. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa ketika ayat-ayat jihad di dalam Alquran bi al-ma’thur ditafsirkan dengan cara periwayatan ( ) ia tidak akan memiliki makna yang cenderung kepada kekerasan dan doktrin. Penelitian ini membantah pendapat orientalis seperti H.TH Obbrink dan Martin Van Creveld yang menyatakan bahwa ajaran jihad di dalam Islam merupakan perang suci yang bertujuan untuk membunuh orang-orang kafir, sehingga Islam memberikan hak kepada umatnya untuk membunuh penduduk kafir yang ditaklukinya apabila mereka menolak masuk Islam. pendapat ini senada dengan pendapat Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyah dan Sayyid Qutb. Sebaliknya penelitian ini mendukung pendapat para pakar seperti Jerald F Diks, Abdul Karim Zaidan, dan Abdul Maqsith Ghazali yang menyatakan bahwa Islam tidak disebarkan melalui perperangan, dan perang dalam Islam bersifat sangat kondisional. Kata Kunci : Jihad, Ibn Katsir, Perang Suci, Al-Qur’an Pendahuluan Istilah jihad merupakan istilah yang amat popular dalam kurun waktu yang cukup panjang, lebih-lebih pasca runtuhnya WTC (World Trade Center) dan meletusnya aksi terorisme di berbagai tempat. Bernard lewis secara khusus memberikan catatan terhadap masalah jihad sebagai perang suci dan teror yang tidak suci yang dilakukan teroris, menurut Bernard Lewis, jihad yang di kampanyekan oleh kaum Wahabi merupakan cikal bakal munculnya terorisme di Dunia Islam.2 1 Penulis adalah Mahasiswa Pascasarjana UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta The Crisis Of Islam : Holy War And Unholy Terror, 2 Bernard Lewis, (London: weindenfeld and Nicolson, 2003), 129.
    [Show full text]
  • IN ISLAMIC LITERATURE A. Waliy> in the Fiqh Study in Terms of Fiqh, The
    CHAPTER II THE CONCEPT OF WALIY<> IN ISLAMIC LITERATURE A. Waliy> in the fiqh study In terms of fiqh, the word of "waliy> " has an meaning the person who according to the law (religious, traditional) obligations entrusted to attend to orphans, before the child is an adult; parties which represent a bride at the time married (is doing the ceremony with the groom).1 1. Waliy> in marriage a. Definition of waliy> and its position in marriage In marriage, the word of waliy> is a person who acts on behalf of the bride in a marriage ceremony. The existence of waliy> in the marriage ceremony is one thing that must there and will not be valid marriage contract without action of the waliy>. Waliy> was placed as a pillar in marriage according to ulema agreement in principally. In the marriage contract itself waliy> can be located as a person acting on behalf of the bride and also as the person who requested approval for the survival of the marriage. 1Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia,(Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1989), p. 1007 19 Position as a person who acts on behalf of the bride in performing the contract there is a difference of opinion among ulema. To the young bride, both male or female scholars agree on him sit as a pillar or a condition in the marriage contract. The reason is that the bride is still not able to perform the contract by itself and therefore the contract made by their waliy>. But for women who have grown up either widowed or still a virgin, ulema have different idea.
    [Show full text]
  • Malaysian Protocol for the Halal Meat and Poultry Productions
    0000000000000000000 MALAYSIAN PROTOCOL FOR THE HALAL MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTIONS DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT MALAYSIA The Malaysian Protocol for the Halal Meat and Poultry Productions is subjected to periodical review according to the current needs of the local and international industries to keep abreast of progress in the industries concerned. Suggestions of amendments will be recorded and in due course brought to the notice of the committees concerned. Amendment issued since publication Amendment No. Date of Issue Text Affected Page 2 of 30 CONTENTS Content Page Committee Representation 3 Foreword... 4 1. INTRODUCTION 5 2. SCOPE... 5 3. DEFINITIONS. 5 4. REQUIREMENTS. 6 4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.2 DEDICATED HALAL ESTABLISHMENT 4.3 INTERNAL HALAL CONTROL SYSTEM 4.4 PERMITTED ANIMALS 4.5 HALAL SLAUGHTER 4.5.1 STUNNING 4.5.2 HALAL SLAUGTHERING PROCEDURES 4.5.3 DETERMINATION OF DEATH 4.5.4 HALAL CHECK 4.5.5 DRESSING OPERATION 4.5.6 DEBONING AND PACKAGING 4.6 STORAGE 4.7 TRANSPORTATION 5. RESPONSIBILITIES 11 5.1 ESTABLISHMENT 5.2 HALAL CERTIFICATION BODY 5.3 HALAL SLAUGHTER MAN 5.4 MUSLIM HALAL HEAD CHECKER 5.5 MUSLIM HALAL CHECKER 5.6 MUSLIM HALAL SUPERVISOR 5.7 COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE EXPORTING COUNTRY 6. NON HALAL CONFORMANCE. 14 7. HALAL CERTIFICATION.. 15 8. ANNEX A . 16 ANNEX B.. 18 ANNEX C ANNEX D .. Page 3 of 30 Committee representation The Working Group on Malaysian Protocol for the Halal Meat and Poultry Productions which developed this standard consists of the representatives from the following organisations : Department of Islamic Development Malaysia Department of Veterinary Services Standards Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of International Trade and Industry SIRIM Berhad Page 4 of 30 FOREWORD In the name of Allah, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful.
    [Show full text]
  • The Age of Criminal Responsibility from the Perspective of Malaysian Shariah Law
    Asian Social Science; Vol. 10, No. 10; 2014 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Age of Criminal Responsibility from the Perspective of Malaysian Shariah Law Wafaa’ Binti Yusof1 & Anita Abdul Rahim2 1 Department of Syariah, Faculty of Religious Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Correspondence: Wafaa’ Binti Yusof, Department of Syariah, Faculty of Religious Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Tel: 60-3-8920-1705. E-mail: [email protected] Received: January 26, 2014 Accepted: March 25, 2014 Online Published: April 29, 2014 doi:10.5539/ass.v10n10p95 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n10p95 Abstract The non-conformity in the use of the terms concerning children and their age in the Shariah criminal legal system in the states in Malaysia has given rise to legal conflict as well as causing difficulties in terms of the execution and enforcement of shariah legal crime and its procedures in each of the afore stated states. The existing laws show that there exists non-dissidence in determining the position of children which conflicts with syariah crime. The term young offender was duly provided in the shariah procedural enactment but not in states’ shariah criminal law. Similarly, the term ‘baligh’ was defined and the position of non-baligh children was elucidated in the said law but not under the shariah procedural enactment. Hence, this articles serves to lay down the provisions of both enactments concerned and to compared them with the shariah criminal principles in terms of ascertainment of age and the position of children which are in conflict with the shariah criminal law through the ulama and Islamic fuqaha’s standpoint.
    [Show full text]
  • Expiation (Al-Kaffarat)
    Islamic Laws of Expiation (al-Kaffarat) Imam Mahdi Association of Marjaeya, Dearborn, MI 48124, www.imam-us.org © 2018 by Imam Mahdi Association of Marjaeya All rights reserved. Published 2018. Printed in the United States of America ISBN-13: 978-0-986-29516-4 No part of this publication may be reproduced without permission from I.M.A.M., except in cases of fair use. Brief quotations, especially for the purpose of propagating Islamic teachings, are allowed. Contents I.M.A.M.’s Foreword ....................................................... vii Acknowledgements ......................................................... xi INTRODUCTION ................................................... 1 Islam Is a Religion of Mercy, So Why Punishment?.................................................................1 A System of Education and Rehabilitation ...............4 Definition of Expiation ................................................7 Types of Expiation .......................................................8 TYPE 1: PRE-ORDAINED (AL-MURATTABA) EXPIATION .......................................................11 Definition ................................................................... 11 Circumstances ........................................................... 12 TYPE 2: OPTIONED (AL-MUKHAYYARA) EXPIATION ....15 Definition ................................................................... 15 Circumstances ........................................................... 16 TYPE 3: COMBINED (AL-MURATTABA AND AL-MUKHAYYARA) EXPIATION ..............................19
    [Show full text]
  • Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Halal Labelled Chicken Meat
    Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 8 (1) 2017, 122-133 http://jdm.unnes.ac.id Nationally Accredited based on the Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Number 36a/E/KPT/2016 Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Halal Labelled Chicken Meat Wilda Rizkilia Putri, Muh Samsudin, Edy Rianto, Indah Susilowati Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Info Article Abstract History Article: This research aims to analyze the level of the society’s awareness of halal-certified chicken meat, Received Desembar 2016 and estimates the values of society’s willingness to pay for halal-certified chicken meat. There Approved Januari 2017 Published Maret 2017 are 102 female married moslem respondents in Pedurungan sub-district, Semarang, who were selected using accidental sampling. This study uses several independent variables namely in- Keywords: come, education, age, chicken meat consumption, awareness of the importance of halal-certi- Consumer; Contingent Valuation; Halal; Label; Willingness-to-Pay fied products, and number of family members. The dependent variable in this research is value of respondent’s willingness to pay. The results of observations was tested using the regression model of ordinary least square. The results of the analysis showed that 96 out of 102 respond- ents stated that they were willing to pay for certified halal meat at a range of Rp 36,500.00 to Rp 39,000.00 per kilogram. The variables that influenced respondents’ willingness to pay were: income, education, consumption of chicken meat, halal awareness of products, and number of dependent family. Those variables influenced consumer’s willingness to pay positively and significantly.
    [Show full text]
  • Women & Politics from the Perspective of Islamic Movements
    Women & Politics From the Perspective of Islamic Movements in Jordan Hassan Abu Hanieh Women and Politics: From the Perspective of Islamic Movements in Jordan Hasan Abu Hanieh August 2008 Published in 2008 by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Amman Office/Michael Bröning P.O. Box 926238, Amman 11110 - Jordan www.fes-jordan.com, [email protected] © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publishers. Printing: Economic Printing Press, Amman, Jordan Translation and Editing: Mona Abu Rayyan, Beirut, Lebanon Design and layout: Maya Chami, Beirut, Lebanon اململكة الأردنية الها�شمية رقم الإيداع لدى دائرة املكتبة الوطنية (2008 /12 / 4259) 305.4 Abu Haniyeh, Hassan Women and Politics : From the perspective of Islamic Movements in Jordan \ Hassan M. Abu Haniyeh; translated by Mona Abu Rayyan .- Amman: Friedrich , 2008 ( 160 )p. Deposit No.:4259 /12/2008. Descriptors:\ Women//Politics//Islami ❖ اأعدت دائرة املكتبة الوطنية بيانات الفهر�شة والت�شنيف الأولية ❖ يتحمل املوؤلف كامل امل�شوؤولية القانونية عن حمتوى م�شنفه ول رّيعب هذا امل�شنف عن راأي دائرة املكتبة الوطنية اأو اأي جهة حكومية اأخرى Preface Gender Equality and Gender Mainstreaming are cherished concepts in the international donor community. This does not come as a surprise, given the fact that under-development and poverty are – amongst other causes – widely attributed to social norms that deprive women of equal opportunities. There is now consensus among observers in the globalized world economy that women’s skills and talents can no longer be under- utilized.
    [Show full text]
  • The Main Characteristics of Arabic Borrowed Words in Bahasa Melayu
    AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies, Volume 2, Number 4. October 2018 Pp.232- 260 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol2no4.18 The Main Characteristics of Arabic Borrowed Words in Bahasa Melayu Khairi O. Al-Zubaidi Executive Director Arab Society of English Language Studies Abstract Bahasa Melayu (Malaysian Language) like other languages has borrowed a number of words from other languages. This paper presents a study of Arabic borrowed words in Bahasa Melayu. It illustrates the main characteristics of the Arabic borrowed words: nouns of different types, adjectives, astrology, sciences, finance, trade, commerce, religious words and daily expressions. The researcher brought together ten categories of loan words (in three languages, Malay, Arabic and English). In conclusion, the researcher finds out that the main stream of Arabic borrowed words in Bahasa Melayu is due to the large influence of Islam. This study will provide the groundwork for further researches which will lead to enrich the linguistics and Islamic studies. Keywords: Arabic, Bahasa Melayu, borrowed words, Glorious Qur’an, influence of Islam, Malay Cites as: Al-Zubaidi, K.O. (2018). The Main Characteristics of Arabic Borrowed Words in Bahasa Melayu. Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies, 2 (4), 232- 260. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol2no4.18 Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies 232 eISSN: 2550-1542 |www.awej-tls.org AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies Volume, 2 Number 4. October 2018 The Main Characteristics of Arabic Borrowed Words in Bahasa Melayu Al-Zubaidi Introduction: Historical Background 1.1. Malay and Islam There is a debate about the exact date of Islam’s appearance in South East Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Rights in Islamic Legal Works
    The Islamic Tradition and the Human Rights Discourse RIGHTS IN ISLAMIC LEGAL WORKS Ibrahim El-Houdaiby sharia82 remain an important source of religious and moral authority. These Muslims, however, live in moder- o write about human rights in Islam is to deliber- nity,83 through which they relate to their tradition and ately step into a minefield. Like other Islam-related are forced to negotiate their way between these differ- topics, it is an activity that involves using a limit- ent languages in their pursuit of a good, moral life. This Ted conceptual language to represent an “other” is a negotiation that leads to a variety of outcomes, that speaks a different language and “articulate[s] itself ranging from full endorsement of the status quo and conceptually, socially, institutionally and culturally in man- subordinating Islam with its sharia, to resorting to ners and ways vastly different from those material and sheer violence to restore “Islamic order.” Also at stake non-material cultures that produced modernity and its is preserving a platform, an alternative worldview from Western distinct traditions.”81 In the field of rights, the which to critique the modern condition and identify modern episteme assumes the nation-state to be the ul- its shortcomings, and pave the way for material and timate form of organized collective life and the defender spiritual survival, while appreciating the achievements of rights. It therefore conceptualizes these rights through of the collective struggles and human beings. the language of law (read: state law), the leitmotif of the modern humans. The state, so central to today’s concep- This paper will outline the foundations of Muslim legal tions, was simply absent from the legal thinking of Muslim scholars’ (fuqaha, sing.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critical Analysis of Islamic Studies in Malay on Contemporary Issues; Malaysia*.Approximately 1975 to the Present Day
    A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC STUDIES IN MALAY ON CONTEMPORARY ISSUES; MALAYSIA*.APPROXIMATELY 1975 TO THE PRESENT DAY By Md.Zaki bin Abd Manan A Thesis presented for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Faculty of Art at the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Department of Language and Culture of South East Asia and the Islands 1994 ProQuest Number: 10673066 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673066 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT Abstract My thesis is divided into six chapters which include a general overview of the socio-political and economic background of the Malay Muslim society, a definition of the term Malay and Muslim and the various interpretations that arise from these definitions, the changes experienced by the Muslim society before and after Malaysia's Independence, the importance of Islam in the everyday life of the Muslims, the subsequent developments of the Malay textual tradition starting from the coming of Isl"am to Malaysia until the present day.
    [Show full text]
  • Tarawih Guidelines
    - The males shall stand in the rst Sa (row), followed by the children in the second and the women in the third row. Older girls should stand with the women and not with the children. - If there is only one child, he/she should be made to stand in the Sa of the adults in accordance with his/her gender. IMAMAT: - According to the preferred view of the Hana Madh-hab, a person who is not baaligh (reached puberty) TARAWEEH GUIDELINES cannot lead the Taraweeh prayers. DURING THIS PANDEMIC / LOCKDOWN - It is not permissible for women to lead men in any Salah. It is also Makruh Tahreemi to have a woman only BY: MUFTI EBRAHIM DESAI (HAFIDHAHULLAH) Jama’ah. IMPORTANCE: CORRECTING THE IMAM: It is Sunnah Mu’akkadah for males and females to perform 20 Rakāts of Tarāweeh Salāh. - A person not in the same Salah as the Imam cannot correct the mistakes of the Imam. Nabi (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) mentioned: “Whoever stands in Ramadhān (i.e. Tarāweeh) with Imān - If a Non-Baligh of understanding age corrects the Imam whilst in Salah, it is permissible. (Fatawa and hoping for reward from Allah, all his past sins will be forgiven”. (Bukhari, 1/16) Raheemiyyah 6/234 – Isha’at) - A woman should not correct any mistakes of the Imam, she should rather clap her hand (hit right hand NUMBER OF RAKATS: on left) and alert the Imam. If she does correct the mistake and the Imam accepts the correction, the Salah Ibn Abbas (Radhiyallahu Anhu) narrated that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) used to pray will be valid.
    [Show full text]
  • Value Education in the Perspective of Western and Islamic Knowledge
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by UNIDA Gontor Journals (Universitas Darussalam) At-Ta’dib. Vol. 12. No. 2, December 2017 Available online at: ISSN: 0216-9142 https://ejournal.unida.gontor.ac.id/index.php/tadib/index http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v12i2.1194 e-ISSN: 2503-3514 Value Education in the Perspective of Western and Islamic Knowledge Dinar Dewi Kania, Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Transportasi Trisakti Jakarta [email protected] Wendi Zarman Universitas Komputer Indonesia Bandung [email protected] Teten Romly Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Dakwah Moh Natsir Jakarta [email protected] Received October 14, 2017/Accepted December 19, 2017 Abstract The moral-spiritual crisis in the western country has been the cause for the development of the value education concept. The Western concept of value is adopted from study of knowledge, in particular philosophy and social sciences, which is developed in the world of education with all its relative variants. The purpose of this paper is to know the concept of value and value education in the perspective of Western and Islamic knowledge. This paper was prepared as a comparative study between Islam and Western perspective on value with particular focus on philosophy, sociology and pedagogy by using library research. The paper concludes that value in Western conception is relative, created by human ratio and neglects the revelation, whilst Islam puts the revelation as a primary source of values ​​which makes education in Islam means the value of education itself. Therefore, it should not be accepted by Muslims without adequate criticism, b ecause there are some fundamental differences between the Western worldview and the Islamic worldview.
    [Show full text]