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Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Education Teacher's Guide,[Grades] 4-6

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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 460 832 SE 062 023 TITLE Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Education Teacher's Guide,[Grades] 4-6. INSTITUTION Federal Aviation Administration (DOT), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 1998-00-00 NOTE 114p. AVAILABLE FROM Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Aviation Education Program, Washington, DC 20591. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom - Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC05 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Aviation Education; *Educational Resources; Educational Strategies; Elementary Education; Grade 4; Grade 5; Grade 6; Hands on Science; *Science Activities; Science Curriculum; Student Motivation IDENTIFIERS Federal Aviation Administration ABSTRACT This guide is one in a series of four resource guides specifically designed for those interested in aviation education. Activities and lessons that can be used in a variety of content areas and grade levels are featured. Grades 4-6 are the focus of this guide, which is organized under the broad topics of properties of air, lighter than air flight, conditions for flight, and navigation in the air. Activities address density and temperature, balloon flight, control surfaces, parachutes, color and temperature, satellite signals, and the sextant. (Contains 85 references, including an annotated bibliography, videotapes, and juvenile literature.) (DDR) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement UCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) s document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Mcktup IcIagmh114-114 Slog@ n'_thSon - itTH, Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Educiation Program U.S. Department of Transportation Washington, DC 20591 Federal Aviation Administrction 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iii FAA AVIATION EDUCATION REPRESENTATIVES iv STUDY PHOTOGRAPHS SELECTED AEROSPACE TOPICS IN CURRICULUM CONTEXT - INTRODUCTION 1 PROPERTIES OF AIR 5 Fluidity 6 Weight 9 Pressure 11 Expansion and Contraction 17 Water Vapor/Air Holds Moisture 20 Density and Temperature 21 Layers of Air 22 Measurement of Air 23 Movement of Air 24 Lift/Resistance 25 LIGHTER THAN AIR FLIGHT 27 Floating in Air 28 Rising Hot Air 29 Hot Air Molecules 30 Soap Bubble Balloons 31 Balloon Flight 32 Hot Air Balloon 33 Archimedes Principle 36 WHAT MAKES AN AIRPLANE FLY 37 Newton's Third Law 38 Air Flow 40 Gliders 42 Parachutes 44 Gravity 46 Thrust 47 Control Surfaces 49 Jet Propulsion 53 WEATHER IS IMPORTANT TO AVIATION 54 Charting Weather 55 Clouds 57 Highs and Lows 58 The Hygrometer 59 Water/Ice 60 Wind Has Force 61 The Anemometer 62 Weather Vane 63 The Thermometer 64 The Aneroid Barometer 65 Dew Point 68 The Sun 69 Night, Day, Time Zones 70 Heat Energy 72 Color and Temperature 73 NAVIGATION IN THE AIR 74 The Earth Rotation 75 The Compass 76 The Dipping Needle 77 Locating Coordinates 78 Satellite Signals 80 Latitude and Longitude 82 The Sextant 84 BIBLIOGRAPHY 86 GLOSSARY 100 US Deportment of Transportation Federal Aviation INTRODUCTION Administration The Federal Aviation Administration is pleased to present the Aviation Education Teacher's Guide Series. The series includes four publication specifically designed as resources to those interested in aviation education. The guides include activities and lessons specifically designed for use in a variety of content areas at various grade levels. It is our hope that the publications in this series will be beneficial to those who lead America's aviation education initiatives into the 21st century. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Federal Aviation Administration wishes to recognize and express appreciation to Margaret R. Lindman, Ed.D., Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, Illinois, for her outstanding leadership and dedication to this project. Dr. Lindman served as chair of Northeastern's Department of Curriculum and Instruction while serving as the leader of the project. Rosamand D. Hilton, formerly of the Chicago Public Schools, served as assistant to Dr. Lindman throughout the project. Roycealee J. Wood, former Director of Academic Affairs, North Chicago, Illinois, School District #187 served on the project writing committee. Faculty members on the committee included Delores Clark, Dorothy Ashby, Ethyl Booker, Ronald Carlson, William Petrosky, Ann Saunders, and Lawrence Sorenson. We wish to thank each of the teachers in North Chicago School District who participated in the field test phase of the project. Northeastern Illinois University's FAA Publications Committee members were Harvey Burrett, Ed.D., science educator, Janet Bercik, Ed.D., clinical experiences director and elementary and secondary supervisor; Joanne Frey, Ed.D., elementary specialist; Elizabeth Landerholm, Ed.D., early childhood specialist; Jill Althage and Kristine Tardiff, librarians. Dr. Gordon Lamb, as President of Northeastern Illinois University, was among those who provided crucial support to this project from the very beginning. The Chicago Teacher's Center, a branch of Northeastern's College of Education and an FAA Aviation Education Resource Center, has contributed substantially to the success of the project. FAA wishes to especially acknowledge the monumental contributions of Mervin K. Strickler, Jr., Ed.D., former Directot of FAA's Aviation Education Programs Division. It was Dr. Strickler's leadership that led to the creation of FAA's original FAA Teacher Guides for Aviation Education. It would have been impossible to complete this project without the professional guidance and assistance of many individuals and organizations. We express our appreciation to the dedicated team who contributed to the earlier editions of the aviation education guides as well as the team completing this edition. Their achievements are admirable. Phillip S. Woodruff FAA Headquarters Aviation Education Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Education Representatives Federal Aviation Central Region Northwest Mountain Region Administration Maria Z. Navarro, ACE-41F Maurice Caldwell, ANM-14A Philip S. Woodruff, A1-IR-15 601 East 12th Street 1601 Lind Avenue. SW Zelma P. Thomas, AHR-15 Kansas City, MO 64106 Renton, WA 98055-4056 Headquarters (816) 426-6547 (206) 227-2081 Aviation Education Program (816) 426-3124 fax (206) 227-2199 fax 800 Independence Avenue, SW STATES: Iowa, Kansas, STATES: Colorado, Idaho, Washington, DC 20591 Missouri. Montana. (202) 267-3788 and Nebraska Oregon, Utah, Washington, and (202) 267-3850 Wyoming (202) 267-9508 fax Eastern Region Jim Szakmary, AEA-17 Southern Region Aeronautical Center JFK International Airport Janice Pope, AS0-17B.1 Robert L Hoppers, AMC-8 Federal Building #111 1701 Columbia Avenue Aviation Education Officer Jamaica, NY 11430 College Park, GA 30337 FAA Mike Monroney Aero. (718) 995-7999 (404) 305-5386 Center (718) 995-5663 fax (404)305-5311 /5312 fax PO Box 25082 STATES Delaware, District of STATES: Alabama, Florida, Oklahoma City, OK 73125 Columbia, Maryland, New Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, (405) 954-5332 Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, (405) 954-9964 fax New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Puerto Rico, and the Virginia, Virgin Islands Technical Center and West Virginia Car leen Genna-Stoltzlus, ACT- Southwest Region 110 Great Lakes Region Debra Myers, ASW-18B FAA, William J. Hughes Lee Carlson, AGL-11 Aviation Education Program Technical O'Hare Lake Office Center Manager Center 2300 East Devon Avenue Federal Aviation Administration Atlantic City, NJ 08405 Des Plaines, lL 60018 Ft. Worth. T'X 76193-0018 (609) 485-6630 (708) 294-7042 (817) 222-5833 (609) 485-4391 fax (708) 294-7368 fax (817) 222-5950 fax STATES: Illinois, Indiana, STATES: Arkansas, Louisiana, Center for Management Michigan, Minnesota, North New Development Dakota, Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas Larry D. Hedman, ANM-040 Ohio, South Dakota, and 4500 Palm Coast Parkway, SE Wisconsin Western-Pacific Region Palm Coast, FL 32137 Hank Verbais, AWP-17F (904) 446-7126 New England Region PO Box 92007 (904) 446-7200 fax Shelia Bauer, ANE-45 Worldway Postal Center 12 New England Executive Park Los Angeles, CA 90009 Alaskan Region Burlington, MA 01803 (310) 297-0556 Marsha J. Brown, AAL-4 (617) 238-7378 (310) 297-0706 fax FAA, Aviation Education Office (617) 238-7380 fax STATES: Arizona, California, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14 STATES: Connecticut, Maine, Nevada, and Hawaii Anchorage, AK 99513-7587 New Hampshire, Rhode Island, (907) 271-5293 Vermont, and Massachusetts (907) 271-4454 fax STATE: Alaska 6 iv BULLETIN BOARD PICTURES Glider Kites Blimp Hot Air Balloon .{0/0, MONt KITES Kites are one of the earliest instruments to fly in air. Wind makes kites fly. The wind flows past the kite and creates the force known as lift. Some kites have tails to help them fly smoothly. The tails provide wind resistance which is a force known as drag.Lift and drag are two of the four forces that cause airplanes to fly.In 1899, the Wright bothers took their first step in the invention of the airplane by flying a controlled box kite. 8 vi GLIDERS Gliders are light weight aircraft that do not have an engine. They are towed into the air by another plane or a winch. The glider cangain height by spiraling in currents of rising air called thermals - rising air -and ridge lift-the flow of air rising over a line of hills. Because
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