Aircraft De-Icing/Anti-Icing

Standard Practices

Procedure

(1)Make sure that all loose snow is removed from the aircraft before you do the de-icing/anti- icing procedures.

WARNING: FOR SUFFICIENT HOLDOVER TIME, MAKE SURE THE FREEZING POINT OF THE DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING MIXTURE IS LESS THAN THE AIRCRAFT AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURES. THE HOLDOVER TIME WILL ALSO DECREASE DURING THE CONDITIONS THAT FOLLOW:

THERE ARE STRONG WINDS

THERE IS PRECIPITATION

THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE DECREASES

THERE ARE WINDS CAUSED BY OTHER AIRCRAFT ENGINES

THE AIRCRAFT FUEL TEMPERATURE ADJACENT TO THE SKIN IS LESS THAN THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.

IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, THE HOLDOVER TIME WILL DECREASE. THIS CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

WARNING: IF YOU DO THE ANTI-ICING PROCEDURE MORE THAN ONCE, DO THE DE-ICING PROCEDURE AGAIN ALSO. MORE THAN ONE LAYER OF ANTI- ICING WILL CHANGE THE AERODYNAMIC PROPERTY OF THE WINGS. THIS CAN CAUSE INJURIES TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT.

(2)Obey the precautions and standard practices that follow when you do the de-icing/anti-icing procedures: (a)The APU should be shut down for all anti-icing/de-icing operations. (b)If it is necessary to operate the engines or the APU while you do the de-icing/anti-icing procedures, obey the precautions that follow: 1 Make sure that the engines are at idle speed. 2 Make sure that all bleed air valves are closed. 3 Make sure that all the external lights in the de-icing/anti-icing area are off. 4 Make sure the valves for the air conditioning unit are off.

WARNING: DO NOT LET DE-ICING FLUID GO INTO THE APU. DE-ICING FLUID IN THE APU CAN CAUSE THE APU SPEED TO BE OUT OF CONTROL. YOU CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONNEL AND DAMAGE TO THE APU.

5 Adjust the rudder to the full left position, this prevents the rudder from directing fluid into the APU inlet.

(c) Do not point the spray of de-icing/anti-icing fluid directly into the areas that follow: Windshields Side windows Passenger compartment windows Door and window seals Pitot/static probes Total air temperature (TAT) probes Angle of attack (AOA) sensors Static pressure ports Antennas Winglets Engine intake and exhaust ports Engine thrust reversers Fuel drains Wheels and brakes Waste water and condensation drains Ram air intake Auxiliary power unit (APU) inlet and exhaust areas Emergency door handles. Landing gear Bleed-air overboard exhausts

(d)If the aircraft is moved from a warm hangar during freezing precipitation, do one of the steps that follows:

NOTE: Freezing precipitation will melt when it touches the warm surfaces, then freeze to the surface when it becomes cold.

1 Do the anti-icing procedure before the aircraft is moved out of the warm hangar. 2 Let the aircraft temperature decrease below freezing, before it is moved out of the hangar. (e)If you use warm water to remove the ice and frost, do the steps that follow: 1 Do the procedure in a warm hanger. 2 If anti-icing fluid is not applied, then keep the aircraft in the warm hanger until it is dry. (f) If possible, increase the temperature of the de-icing fluid and water mixture to 180 to 200 °F (82.3 to 93.4 °C), at the source. (g) Do not use a continuous flow of de-icing fluid directly at one location on the aircraft surfaces. (h)Apply the fluid at a low angle to prevent damage to the aircraft surfaces. (i) Do not use more than 10 psi (68.9 kPa) of pressure to blow the ice and snow off the surfaces. (j) To apply the fluid across a large area of snow or ice, use a light to moderate spray. (k)Do not spray the fluid into the wind. (I) Apply the de-icing/anti-icing fluid from the highest to the lowest areas. (m) Apply the spray as near to the surface as possible. (n)The effect of the de-icing/anti-icing will decrease with the conditions that follow: High winds Winds caused by other aircraft engines Wet snow High precipitation Aircraft skin temperature Fuel temperature in areas near the skin Sun light. (o)After the aircraft is operated in very wet snow, do the steps that follow: 1 Carefully examine the aircraft for snow and damage, in the areas that follow:

The leading edges The slats, adjacent structure, and travel areas The flaps, adjacent structure, and travel areas The spoilers, adjacent structure, and travel areas The ailerons, adjacent structure, and travel areas The vertical stabilizer and adjacent structure The rudder, the adjacent structure, and travel area The horizontal stabilizers, the adjacent structure, and travel areas The elevators, the adjacent structure and travel area The nose and main landing gear wheel wells and the landing gears travel areas The aircraft skin aft of the nose and main landing gears Engine intake area.

(p) If there is continuous precipitation, do the steps that follow: 1 Do the 2-step de-icing/anti-icing procedure.

NOTE: Use the recommended concentration of fluid and water mixture for the applicable weather conditions and temperature.

2 Do the de-icing/anti-icing procedure as close to flight time as possible. 3 Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and unwanted material in the engine intake area.

NOTE: Before the engines start, examine the fan blades for ice and snow. Make sure to remove all ice and snow with a flow of hot air pointed at these areas. Ice and snow can cause damage to the engines.

4 During freezing fog conditions, examine the rear of the fan blades for ice and frost before the engines start. 5 During wet snow conditions, do the steps that follow:

NOTE: The de-icing/anti-icing mixture will be less satisfactory if more water is absorbed into the mixture.

a Decrease the holdover time, because the deterioration of the fluid mixture will occur faster. b Increase the concentration of anti-icing fluid and water mixture, as applicable. (3) For short term parking of the aircraft in an open area during cold weather, do the steps that follow: (a)Do the pre-takeoff inspection as soon to the departure time as possible.

NOTE: If at night, make sure that sufficient light is available to do the inspection of the aircraft.

(b)Do a visual inspection of the aircraft components and areas that follow:

Make sure that the pitot static tubes are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that the static pressure ports are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. Make sure that all the doors are clear of are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that the TAT and the AOA are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that the windshield are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that all the flight control surfaces and their travel areas are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that the main and nose landing gears and bays are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that the engine intakes and exhausts are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

Make sure that all inlets, exhausts, and drains are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

(c)If necessary, do the de-icing/anti-icing procedure again, until all the snow, frost, and ice is removed from the critical aircraft components and areas.

Close Out

(1) Remove all tools, equipment and unwanted materials from the work area. SNOW REMOVAL Aircraft Snow Removal

Procedure

(1) Remove the snow, frost, and ice from the area around the aircraft as applicable.

(2) If needed, apply electrical power to the aircraft as follows: (a)For external electrical power source, connect and energize the external ac power. (b)For internal electrical power source, start the auxiliary power unit (APU).

(3) Prepare the aircraft for snow removal as follows:

CAUTION: MAKE SURE THAT ALL OF THE FLAP SYSTEM COMPONENTS MOVE FREELY. THE COMPONENTS MUST NOT CATCH ON THE STRUCTURE WHEN THE FLAPS ARE EXTENDED OR RETRACTED. YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE COMPONENTS OR THE STRUCTURE.

(4)Make sure that the snow and ice is removed from around the nose and main landing gear as follows: (a)Use a shovel and a broom to remove the snow that has collected around the tires.

CAUTION: DO NOT MOVE THE AIRCRAFT IF THE TIRES ARE FROZEN TO THE GROUND. MAKE SURE THAT THE TIRES CAN TURN FREELY BEFORE YOU MOVE THE AIRCRAFT. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS, YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

CAUTION: DO NOT USE SALT OR MATERIALS THAT CAN CAUSE CORROSION TO RELEASE TIRES THAT ARE FROZEN TO THE GROUND. IF YOU DO THIS, YOU WILL CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT.

(b)If the tires are frozen to the ground, release the tires as follows: 1 If you use warm air, do as follows: a Use forced warm air to heat the ground and the tires. 2 If you use de-icing fluid, do as follows: a Use warm de-icing fluid to heat the ground around the tires. b Make sure that you remove all the unwanted de-icing fluid from the area.

NOTE: The de-icing fluid can freeze when the temperature decreases or precipitation falls.

WARNING: OBEY THE PRECAUTIONS THAT FOLLOW WHEN YOU DO WORK ON OR NEAR THE WINDSHIELD OR THE WINDOWS:

BE CAREFUL BECAUSE THE WINDOW SURFACES HAVE HIGH LEVELS OF STATIC VOLTAGE FOR MANY HOURS AFTER FLIGHT. THIS CAN CAUSE INJURY

MAKE SURE THAT YOU USE ONLY APPROVED TOOLS THAT DO NOT SCRATCH THE SURFACE OF THE WINDSHIELD OR THE WINDOWS.

REMOVE ALL JEWELRY FROM YOUR PERSON. SHARP OBJECTS CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE GLASS AND ACRYLIC SURFACES USE ONLY APPROVED CLEANING AGENTS. USE ONLY ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL OR A WEAK CLEANING AGENT MIXED WITH WATER TO CLEAN ALL MATERIALS NEAR THE WINDSHIELD AND WINDOWS. TOLUENE AND OTHER PETROLEUM SOLVENTS CAN CAUSE CRAZING DAMAGE TO THE ACRYLIC SURFACE

DO NOT USE TOO MUCH PRESSURE ON THE WINDOW SURFACE. THE SURFACE CAN BECOME HOT AND CAN CAUSE DISTORTION OF THE WINDOW.

IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THESE INSTRUCTIONS, YOU CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

CAUTION: DO NOT USE HIGH TEMPERATURES TO REMOVE ICE FROM THE WINDSHIELD. IF NECESSARY, USE THE GROUND DE-ICING EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE ICE COLLECTED ON THE WINDSHIELD AND ITS TEMPERATURE SENSORS. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS, YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(5) Use a soft broom to carefully remove all the snow, frost, and ice from the aircraft components that follow:

Total air temperature (TAT) probes Static pressure ports Angle-of-attack (AOA) sensors Antennas Door sills and surrounds Fuselage Upper and lower wing surfaces Upper and lower horizontal stabilizer surfaces The vertical stabilizer surfaces Winglets Leading edges of the wings Slats Flight controls Flight control hinges Flaps Engine intake and exhaust ports Fuel drains Landing gears Landing gear doors Landing gear bays Waste water and condensation drains Ram air intake Auxiliary power unit (APU) inlet and exhaust areas.

(6)If necessary, do the applicable de-icing procedure as follows: (a)Do the 1-step de-icing/anti-icing procedure. (b)Do the 2-step de-icing/anti-icing procedure. WARNING: DO NOT TOUCH THE COLD SURFACES OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH YOUR BARE HANDS. ALWAYS USE APPROVED PROTECTION. COLD METAL SURFACES CAN CAUSE TISSUE DAMAGE AND INJURY TO PERSONS. ,

(7) Do an inspection of the aircraft components and their areas as follows: (a)Make sure that the components that follow are clean, clear of blockage and unwanted material.

Pitot static probes Static pressure ports Doors Flight control surfaces and their travel areas Main and nose landing gears and bays Engine intakes and exhausts Inlets, exhausts and drains Windshields Total air temperature (TAT) probes Antennas Angle-of-attack (AOA) sensors Slats, flaps, and spoilers, and the applicable travel areas.

(8) If necessary, do the snow removal procedure again, until all the snow, frost, and ice is removed from the aircraft.

E. Close Out (1)Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted materials from the work area. Aircraft De-Icing/Anti-Icing

1 Step Procedure

Job Setup

(1) Examine the aircraft and its surfaces for contamination of frost, snow, and ice.

NOTE: The anti-icing/de-icing 1-step procedure is necessary when precipitation is not continuous and the protection is only necessary for a short time.

WARNING: OBEY THE PRECAUTIONS THAT FOLLOW WHEN YOU USE THE DE- ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUIDS:

USE SAFETY GOGGLES

PUT ON PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

DO NOT LET THE FLUID TOUCH YOUR SKIN, EYES, AND MOUTH

OBEY THE MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS

GET MEDICAL AID IF THE DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUIDS GET IN YOUR MOUTH OR EYES, OR IF IRRITATION OCCURS.

DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUID IS POISONOUS AND CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS.

(2)Obey all the de-icing/anti-icing standard practices. (3)Make sure the aircraft is parked in an open area. (4)Make sure that all snow, frost, and ice is removed from the aircraft (see snow removal).

WARNING: PUT THE SAFETY DEVICES, WARNING SIGNS AND WARNING PLACARDS IN POSITION BEFORE YOU START A PROCEDURE ON OR NEAR:

FLIGHT CONTROLS

FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES

COMPONENTS THAT MOVE.

(5)Install the applicable warning placards and safety devices. (6)Connect electrical power to the aircraft.

Procedure

(1) Do the de-icing/anti-icing, 1-step procedure as follows: (a)Do not spray the de-icing/anti-icing fluid directly at or into the aircraft components that follow:

(b)For SAE Type I de-icing/anti-icing fluid, mix to the recommended concentration as follows:

The freezing point of the Type I de-icing/anti-icing mixture must be more than 18°F (10°C) below ambient temperature.

THERE ARE STRONG WINDS

THERE IS PRECIPITATION

THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE DECREASES

THERE ARE WINDS CAUSED BY OTHER AIRCRAFT ENGINES

THE AIRCRAFT FUEL TEMPERATURE ADJACENT TO THE SKIN IS LESS THAN THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.

IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, THE HOLDOVER TIME WILL DECREASE. THIS CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

RECOMMENDED CONCENTRATION OF SAE TYPE 11 AND TYPE IV ANTI- ICING FLUID IN RELATION TO THE COLD TEMPERATURES (note: 1) AMBIENT 1-STEP PROCEDURE USING HEATED ANTI-ICING FLUID TEMPERATURE /WATER MIXTURE AIRCRAFT DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING °F °C (FLUID / WATER MIXTURE %) 27 and -3 and Warm mixture of Type II or Type IV Fluid (50 / 50) above above 27 to 7 -3 to -14 Warm mixture of Type II or Type IV Fluid (75 / 25) RECOMMENDED CONCENTRATION OF SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV ANTI-ICING FLUID IN RELATION TO THE COLD TEMPERATURES (note: 1) AMBIENT 1-STEP PROCEDURE USING HEATED ANTI-ICING FLUID TEMPERATURE /WATER MIXTURE AIRCRAFT DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING °F °C (FLUID / WATER MIXTURE %) 7 to -13 -14 to -25 Warm mixture of Type II or Type IV Fluid (100 / 0) Type II or Type IV de-icing/anti-icing fluid can be used. below -13 below -25 The fluid freezing point must be a minimum of 13°F (7°C) below ambient air note: 1 A fluid temperature of not less than 140 °F (60 °C) at the nozzle is necessary. (d) Obey the recommended holdover times for SAE Type I fluid as follows:

RECOMMENDED HOLDOVER TIMES IN COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS FOR SAE TYPE I ANTI-ICING FLUID AMBIENT HOLDOVER TIMES FOR APPLICABLE WEATHER CONDITIONS TEMPERATURE (note: 1, 2, 3, 4, &5) LIGHT FREEZING FREEZING °F °C FROST SNOW FREEZING FOG DRIZZLE RAIN 6 to 15 mins. 32 and 0 and 2 to 5 mins. 45 mins. 12 to 30 mins. (7-12 mins.) 5 to 8 mins. above above (Note: 4) (Note: 5) 6 to 15 mins. 6 to 15 mins. 32 to 14 0 to -10 45 mins. (6-11 mins.) (3-16 mins.) 5 to 8 mins. 2 to 5 mins. (Note: 5) (Note: 5) 6 to 15 mins. 6 to 15 mins. below 14 below-10 45 mins. (6-9 mins.) (2-4 mins) (Note: 5) (Note: 5) The departure holdover times in this table are recommended by the manufacturer. note: 1 Use the holdover times with the pre-takeoff inspection and taxiing times. The holdover time starts when the de-icing or anti-icing procedure starts. The freezing point of the Type I anti-icing fluid must be 18 °F (10 °C) or more note: 2 below the ambient temperature. if necessary, use the Type il fluid if the departure delay time must be increased. If note: 3 the precipitation is continuous, it is recommended that you do the 2-Step procedure

(2)Apply the de-icing/anti-icing fluid mixture as follows:

NOTE: Make sure you apply the anti-icing mixture equally to both sides of the aircraft. If necessary, use a broom to remove loose ice and snow.

(a)Apply de-icing/anti-icing to the fuselage as follows: 1 Spray the fuselage from the forward section to the aft section. 2 Spray the fuselage from the top centre to the bottom.

NOTE: Do not spray de-icing/anti-icing fluid directly on the windows.

(b)Apply de-icing/anti-icing fluid to the wings as follow: 1 Start at the outboard of the wing and work to the inboard of the wing. 2 Spray the wing from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and other unwanted material in the ailerons, flaps, and slats travel area.

(c)Start at the top of the vertical stabilizer, and apply the de-icing/anti-icing fluid.

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and other unwanted material in the rudder travel area.

(d)Apply de-icing/anti-icing to the stabilizer as follows:

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and other unwanted material in the elevators travel area. 1 Start at the outboard of the stabilizer and work inboard. 2 Spray the stabilizer from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

(3) Use a no-lint cloth to remove the de-icing/anti-icing fluid leakage from the aircraft components where protection is not wanted.

WARNING: DO NOT TOUCH THE COLD SURFACES OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH YOUR BARE HANDS. ALWAYS USE APPROVED PROTECTION. COLD METAL SURFACES CAN CAUSE TISSUE DAMAGE AND INJURY TO PERSONS.

(4) Do a visual inspection of the aircraft components and areas as follow: (a)Make sure that the pitot static tubes are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (b)Make sure that the static pressure ports are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (c)Make sure that all the doors are clear of are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (d)Make sure that all the flight control surfaces and travel areas are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (e)Make sure that the main and nose landing gears and bays are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (f) Make sure that the engine and APU intakes and exhausts are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (g) Make sure that all inlets, exhausts, and drains are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material.

(5) If necessary, do the de-icing/anti-icing procedure again, until all the snow, frost, and ice is removed from the aircraft.

WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT NO PERSONS AND EQUIPMENT ARE NEAR THE FLAPS. THE MOVEMENT OF THE FLAPS CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(a) Remove the applicable warning placards.

Close Out

1. Do a check of the aircraft components that follow:

CAUTION: DO NOT USE HARD OR SHARP TOOLS TO REMOVE SNOW OR ICE FROM THE AIRCRAFT SURFACES. YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT. (a)Make sure that the engine inlet is clear of ice, snow, and unwanted material.

WARNING: USE APPLICABLE GLOVES WHEN YOU HOLD THE LOW PRESSURE (LP) COMPRESSOR BLADES. THE LEADING EDGES OF THE BLADES ARE SHARP AND CAN CAUSE INJURY.

(b)Do a visual inspection of the rear of the low pressure (LP) compressor blades for ice, snow, and unwanted material.

WARNING: USE APPLICABLE GLOVES WHEN YOU HOLD THE LOW PRESSURE (LP) COMPRESSOR BLADES. THE LEADING EDGES OF THE BLADES ARE SHARP AND CAN CAUSE INJURY.

(c)Make sure that the LP blades can turn freely. (d)Operate, through the full travel range, the flight control surfaces that follows:

the ailerons the spoilers the flaps and slats the rudder the pitch trim actuator the elevators. NOTE: Make sure that an approved person monitors the movement of the control surfaces for blockage of unwanted material.

2. Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted materials from the work area. 3. Remove the electrical power from the aircraft. Aircraft De-Icing/Anti-Icing

2 Step Procedure

Job Setup

(1)Examine the aircraft and its surfaces for contamination of frost, snow, and ice.

NOTE: The anti-icing/de-icing 2-step procedure is necessary when precipitation is continuous and the protection is necessary for more than a short time.

WARNING: OBEY THE PRECAUTIONS THAT FOLLOW WHEN YOU USE THE DE- ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUIDS:

USE SAFETY GOGGLES PUT ON PROTECTIVE CLOTHING DO NOT LET THE FLUID TOUCH YOUR SKIN, EYES, AND MOUTH OBEY THE MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS GET MEDICAL AID IF THE DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUIDS GET IN YOUR MOUTH OR EYES, OR IF IRRITATION OCCURS.

DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING FLUID IS POISONOUS AND CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS.

(2)Obey all the de-icing/anti-icing standard practices. (3)Make sure the aircraft is parked in an open area. (4)Make sure that all snow, frost, and ice is removed from the aircraft.

WARNING: PUT THE SAFETY DEVICES, WARNING SIGNS AND WARNING PLACARDS IN POSITION BEFORE YOU START A PROCEDURE ON OR NEAR:

FLIGHT CONTROLS FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES COMPONENTS THAT MOVE.

MAKE SURE THAT PERSONS AND EQUIPMENT ARE NOT NEAR THE FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES. FLIGHT CONTROL MOVEMENT CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(5) Install the applicable warning placards and safety devices. (6) If applicable, connect electrical power to the aircraft.

Procedure

(1)Prepare the de-icing/anti-icing mixture as follows:

THERE IS PRECIPITATION

THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE DECREASES

THERE ARE WINDS CAUSED BY OTHER AIRCRAFT ENGINES

THE AIRCRAFT FUEL TEMPERATURE ADJACENT TO THE SKIN IS LESS THAN THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.

IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, THE HOLDOVER TIME WILL DECREASE. THIS CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(a) If you use SAE Type I fluid mixtures to do the 2-step de-icing/anti-icing procedure, use the table that follows:

(2)Apply the de-icing/anti-icing fluid mixture as follows:

NOTE: Make sure you apply the anti-icing mixture equally to both sides of the aircraft. If necessary, use a broom to remove loose ice and snow.

(a)Do not spray the de-icing/anti-icing fluid directly at or into the aircraft components that follow:

Windshields Side windows Passenger compartment windows Pitot/static probes Total air temperature (TAT) probes Static pressure ports Antennas Winglets Engine intake and exhaust ports Fuel drains Wheels and brakes Waste water and condensation drains Ram air intake Auxiliary power unit (APU) inlet and exhaust areas Emergency door handles. Door and window seals Landing gear. (b)Apply de-icing/anti-icing fluid to the fuselage as follows: 1 Spray the fuselage from the forward section to the aft section. 2 Spray the fuselage from the top center and then outboard.

NOTE: Do not spray de-icing/anti-icing fluid directly onto the windows.

(c)Apply de-icing/anti-icing fluid to the wings as follow: 1 Start at the outboard of the wing and work inboard. 2 Spray the wing from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and unwanted material in the ailerons, flaps, slats, and spoilers travel area.

(d)Start at the top of the vertical stabilizer and work down.

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and other unwanted material in the rudder travel area.

(e)Apply de-icing/anti-icing to the stabilizer as follows:

NOTE: Make sure that there is no ice, snow, and other unwanted material in the elevators travel area.

1 Start at the outboard of the stabilizer and work inboard. 2 Spray the stabilizer from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

CAUTION : DO NOT USE HIGH TEMPERATURES TO REMOVE ICE FROM THE WINDSHIELD. IF NECESSARY, USE THE GROUND DE-ICING EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE ICE COLLECTED ON THE WINDSHIELD AND ITS TEMPERATURE SENSORS. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS, YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(3) Use a no-lint cloth to remove the de-icing/anti-icing fluid from the aircraft components where protection is not wanted.

WARNING: DO NOT TOUCH THE COLD SURFACES OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH YOUR BARE HANDS. ALWAYS USE APPROVED PROTECTION. COLD METAL SURFACES CAN CAUSE TISSUE DAMAGE AND INJURY TO PERSONS.

(4) Do a visual inspection of the aircraft components/areas that follow: (a)Make sure that the pitot static tubes are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (b)Make sure that the static pressure ports are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (c)Make sure that all the doors are clear of are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (d)Make sure that all the flight control surfaces and their travel areas are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (e)Make sure that the main and nose landing gears and bays are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (f) Make sure that the engine intakes and exhausts are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (g) Make sure that all inlets, exhausts, and drains are clear of snow, frost, ice, and unwanted material. (5) If necessary, do the de-icing/anti-icing procedure again, until all the snow, frost, and ice is removed from the aircraft. WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT NO PERSONS AND EQUIPMENT ARE NEAR THE FLAPS. THE MOVEMENT OF THE FLAPS CAN CAUSE INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

(6) Remove the warning placards from the applicable positions.

Close Out

(1) Do a check of the aircraft components that follow:

CAUTION: DO NOT USE HARD OR SHARP TOOLS TO REMOVE SNOW OR ICE FROM THE AIRCRAFT SURFACES. YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT.

(a)Make sure that the engine inlet is clear of ice, snow, and unwanted material.

WARNING: USE APPLICABLE GLOVES WHEN YOU HOLD THE LOW PRESSURE (LP) COMPRESSOR BLADES. THE LEADING EDGES OF THE BLADES ARE SHARP AND CAN CAUSE INJURY.

(b)Do a visual inspection of the rear of the low pressure (LP) compressor blades for ice, snow, and unwanted material.

WARNING: USE APPLICABLE GLOVES WHEN YOU HOLD THE LOW PRESSURE (LP) COMPRESSOR BLADES. THE LEADING EDGES OF THE BLADES ARE SHARP AND CAN CAUSE INJURY.

(c)Make sure that the LP blades can turn freely (d)Operate, through the full travel range, the flight control surfaces that follows: the ailerons the spoilers the flaps and slats the rudder the pitch trim actuator the elevators.

NOTE: Make sure that an approved person monitors the movement of the control surfaces for blockage of unwanted material.

(2)Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted materials from the work area. (3)Remove the electrical power from the aircraft.