DOCSLIB.ORG

Jolyonwalkley Thesis Final 12

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jolyonwalkley Thesis Final 12 SEASONAL ECOLOGY OF FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATES INHABITING FOURMILE CREEK, UPPER KLAMATH LAKE, OREGON by Jolyon E. Walkley A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Masters of Science In Natural Resources: Fisheries December, 2010 ii ABSTRACT SEASONAL ECOLOGY OF FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATES INHABITING FOURMILE CREEK, UPPER KLAMATH LAKE, OREGON Jolyon E. Walkley I investigated the species assemblage and abundances of fish and macroinvertebrates inhabiting the lower three km of Fourmile Creek, an altered and largely unstudied intermittent tributary to Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Seasonal reproductive state, body condition and diet of the four most abundant fish (speckled dace, Rhinichthys osculus , fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas , slender sculpin, Cottus tenuis , and yellow perch, Perca flavescens ) were also examined. Nine native and seven non-native fish species from eight families were captured March – October, 2005 and 2006. Native species, including speckled dace and slender sculpin, tended to dominate the fish catch from March – August; non-native species, including fathead minnow and yellow perch, increased in abundance during fall. Both abundance and species richness were greatest at sites situated within the lower one km of Fourmile Creek where surface flow persisted longer and water quality (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) tended to be more stable than at more ephemeral upper creek sites. Gonadosomatic indices and the presence of larvae and juveniles show Fourmile Creek to be an important breeding habitat for speckled dace, slender sculpin and other native fish. Speckled dace and yellow perch spawn in spring, fathead minnow spawn in summer, and slender sculpin spawn during late summer/fall. Condition factors of sexually mature fish tended to decrease both during their reproductive season, and as surface waters disappeared. iii Especially poor body condition in slender sculpin likely resulted from the temporal overlap of reproduction with stream drying, followed by growth-limiting winter habitat conditions. Benthic insects and crustaceans were the most important foods for speckled dace and slender sculpin; detritus and crustaceans were the most important foods for fathead minnow; insects, crustaceans and fish were the most important foods for yellow perch. Dietary overlap between speckled dace and fathead minnow was not significant across seasons, even as the creek dried, suggesting minimal dietary competition between these two abundant cyprinid species. Crustaceans, insects and annelids were the dominant macroinvertebrates inhabiting Fourmile Creek. Cladocerans and copepods, the dominant crustacean taxa, peaked in abundance during spring/early summer and during the fall. Dipterans (principally chironimid larvae) dominated the insect community during most months, while hemipteran and coleopteran taxa increased in abundance as the creek dried. Other insects, including simuliid larvae, were only abundant until early summer, when water flow decreased. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is dedicated to my family, whose generosity and support made it possible. To my wife, Shannon and our two sons, Alden and Dylan, I thank you for your unwavering love, support and patience over the last six years. I also must thank my parents, Barrie and Annabelle, and my sister, Brett, for a lifetime of support and encouragement. Thanks for taking me fishing Dad! Special thanks also go to my advisor, Tim Mulligan, and my committee members, Helen Mulligan and Terry Roelofs. Both Tim and Helen provided valuable guidance and encouragement across all stages of this long, and at times daunting, project. Their assistance during field data collection (especially during Alden’s birth), in sorting through massive amounts of data and their feedback on my many drafts was invaluable. Terry Roelofs also provided valuable guidance during the course of the study and feedback on this manuscript. I also want to thank Mark Lomeli for his assistance in the laboratory, and Rebecca Quinones and Susan Tharratt for their assistance in the field. A special thank you also goes to the staff at both the Humboldt State University Marine Lab and the HSU Children’s Center. This project was generously funded through a grant from the USFS Hatfield Restoration Program and the Marin Rod and Gun Club. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................v TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF APPENDICIES .............................................................................................. xxiv INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 STUDY SITE .......................................................................................................................6 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................................15 Field Collection ............................................................................................................. 15 Sample Processing and Analysis .................................................................................. 18 RESULTS ..........................................................................................................................26 Water Quality ................................................................................................................ 26 Potential Macroinvertebrate Prey ................................................................................. 39 Fish Abundance, Condition, Reproduction and Diet .................................................... 80 DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................161 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................................189 PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS ...............................................................................194 APPENDICIES ................................................................................................................195 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Coordinates for the Fourmile and Westside transect boundaries and sampling sites within the lower 2.4 kilometers of Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Fish and invertebrates were collected March – October 2005 and March – October 2006. Coordinates are projected in World Geodetic System (WGS 84). ..................................................................................................................... 8 2. Mean morning, afternoon and overall mean water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and specific conductivity values recorded at the lower and upper sites of the Fourmile transect, Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, March – October 2005 and March – October 2006. Channel values represent readings taken 0.3m above the bottom in the middle of the channel. Margin values represent readings taken 0.3m below the water surface, immediately adjacent to the trap net mouth. .................................................................................... 27 3. Mean morning, afternoon and overall mean water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and specific conductivity values recorded at the lower, upper, and pasture sites of the Westside transect, Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, April – August 2005 and March – July 2006. Channel values represent readings taken 0.3m above the bottom in the middle of the channel. Margin values represent readings taken 0.3m below the water surface, immediately adjacent to the trap net mouth. The pasture site was only sampled in May 2006. ............................................................................................................... 28 4. Invertebrate taxa collected in light traps, plankton tows and benthic cores at the Fourmile and Westside transects in lower Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, March – October 2005 and March – October 2006. ........................... 40 5. Number of organisms and frequency of occurrence (number of samples) of major invertebrate taxa caught in light traps at two sampling transects, Fourmile (FM), and Westside (WS), Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, March – October 2005 and March – September 2006. The % of total = % of total number of invertebrates collected in light traps. The % of samples = % of total number of light trap samples in which the taxon was collected. ............ 44 vii Table Page 6. Number of organisms and frequency of occurrence (number of samples) of major invertebrate taxa caught in plankton tows at two sampling transects, Fourmile (FM), and Westside (WS), Fourmile Creek, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, March – October 2005 and March – September 2006. The % of total = % of total number of invertebrates collected in plankton tows. The % of samples = % of total number of plankton tows in which the taxon was
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eastslope Sculpin (Cottus Sp.) in Alberta
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the "Eastslope" Sculpin Cottus sp. in Canada St. Mary and Milk River populations THREATENED 2005 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2005. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the "eastslope" sculpin (St. Mary and Milk River population) Cottus sp. in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 30 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Production note: This document is based on a report by Susan M. Pollard prepared for Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish and Wildlife Division and the Alberta Conservation Association. The original report was published as Alberta Wildlife Status Report No. 51, February 2004, and is entitled Status of the St. Mary Shorthead Sculpin (provisionally Cottus bairdi punctulatus) in Alberta. Funding for the preparation of the original status report was provided by the Alberta Conservation Association and the Fish and Wildlife Division of Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. This document was overseen and edited by Bob Campbell, the COSEWIC Freshwater Fish Species Specialist Subcommittee Co- chair. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Ếgalement disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur le chabot du versant est (populations des rivières St.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrology, Ecology and Fishes of Klamath River Basin
    http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12072.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River Basin Committee on Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River, National Research Council ISBN: 0-309-11507-8, 272 pages, 6 x 9, (2008) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12072.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll- free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This book plus thousands more are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF File are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Distribution, posting, or copying is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Request reprint permission for this book. Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River Basin http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12072.html Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River Basin Committee on Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology Water Science and Technology Board Division on Earth and Life Studies Copyright © National Academy of Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species
    FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Humboldt Bay Fishes
    Humboldt Bay Fishes ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> ·´¯`·._.·´¯`·.. ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> Acknowledgements The Humboldt Bay Harbor District would like to offer our sincere thanks and appreciation to the authors and photographers who have allowed us to use their work in this report. Photography and Illustrations We would like to thank the photographers and illustrators who have so graciously donated the use of their images for this publication. Andrey Dolgor Dan Gotshall Polar Research Institute of Marine Sea Challengers, Inc. Fisheries And Oceanography [email protected] [email protected] Michael Lanboeuf Milton Love [email protected] Marine Science Institute [email protected] Stephen Metherell Jacques Moreau [email protected] [email protected] Bernd Ueberschaer Clinton Bauder [email protected] [email protected] Fish descriptions contained in this report are from: Froese, R. and Pauly, D. Editors. 2003 FishBase. Worldwide Web electronic publication. http://www.fishbase.org/ 13 August 2003 Photographer Fish Photographer Bauder, Clinton wolf-eel Gotshall, Daniel W scalyhead sculpin Bauder, Clinton blackeye goby Gotshall, Daniel W speckled sanddab Bauder, Clinton spotted cusk-eel Gotshall, Daniel W. bocaccio Bauder, Clinton tube-snout Gotshall, Daniel W. brown rockfish Gotshall, Daniel W. yellowtail rockfish Flescher, Don american shad Gotshall, Daniel W. dover sole Flescher, Don stripped bass Gotshall, Daniel W. pacific sanddab Gotshall, Daniel W. kelp greenling Garcia-Franco, Mauricio louvar
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Fish Habitat Distribution Data Standard
    Oregon Fish Habitat Distribution Data Standard Version 4.0 March, 2020 Revision History Version 1.0 Endorsed by the Oregon Geographic Information Council March 27, 2008 Version 2.0 Revised September 2010 – February, 2011 based on input from ODFW, BLM, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, NOAA Fisheries, Oregon Dept. of Transportation and the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. Revisions include changes to the scope of the standard, modifications to some attribute domains, the addition of two optional attribute elements and the addition of two business rules. Version 3.0 Revised December, 2014 – March, 2015 based on input from ODFW, BLM, USFS, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, Oregon Department of Transportation, Oregon Department of State Lands, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. Revisions include changes to the minimum graphic elements, optional attribute elements, Domain of Attributes (Appendix C) and Business Rules (Appendix D). Endorsed by the Oregon Geographic Information Council June 17, 2015 Version 4.0 Revised April – September, 2019 based on input from ODFW, BLM, USFS, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, Oregon Department of Transportation, Oregon Department of State Lands, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Oregon Department of Forestry, Oregon Department of Agriculture, Weyerhaeuser Co., Urban Greenspaces Institute. Revisions include a new optional attribute element to identify specific habitat end extent determinations, a new optional attribute element to describe habitat access methods, a new optional attribute element to identify end extent barriers, changes related to the incorporation of modeled data, an expansion of the species domain, new business rules for designating Essential Salmonid Habitat and rules to clarify acceptable methods for standardized fish and habitat surveys.
    [Show full text]
  • Deepwater Sculpin (Myoxocephalus Thompsonii)
    COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Deepwater Sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii Great Lakes-Western St. Lawrence populations Western populations in Canada GREAT LAKES-WESTERN ST. LAWRENCE POPULATIONS SPECIAL CONCERN WESTERN POPULATIONS NOT AT RISK 2006 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2006. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii (Western and Great Lakes-Western St. Lawrence populations) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 39 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous report: Parker, B. 1987. COSEWIC status report on the deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Great Lakes population) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 1-20 pp. Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge Tom A. Sheldon, Nicholas E. Mandrak, John M. Casselman, Chris C. Wilson and Nathan R. Lovejoy for writing the update status report on the deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii (Western and Great Lakes-Western St. Lawrence populations) in Canada, prepared under contract with Environment Canada. The report was overseen and edited by Robert Campbell Co-chair, COSEWIC Freshwater Fishes Species Specialist Subcommittee. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Ếgalement disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur le chabot de profoundeur (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) (population des Grands Lacs - Ouest du Saint-Laurent et population de l’Ouest) au Canada – Mise à jour.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Operations Manual Version 2.0 May 2014
    United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water Washington, DC EPA 841‐B‐12‐010 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐2014 Laboratory Operations Manual Version 2.0 May 2014 2013‐2014 National Rivers & Streams Assessment Laboratory Operations Manual Version 1.3, May 2014 Page ii of 224 NOTICE The intention of the National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐2014 is to provide a comprehensive “State of Flowing Waters” assessment for rivers and streams across the United States. The complete documentation of overall project management, design, methods, quality assurance, and standards is contained in five companion documents: National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Quality Assurance Project Plan EPA‐841‐B‐12‐007 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Site Evaluation Guidelines EPA‐841‐B‐12‐008 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Non‐Wadeable Field Operations Manual EPA‐841‐B‐ 12‐009a National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Wadeable Field Operations Manual EPA‐841‐B‐12‐ 009b National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Laboratory Operations Manual EPA 841‐B‐12‐010 Addendum to the National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013‐14: Wadeable & Non‐Wadeable Field Operations Manuals This document (Laboratory Operations Manual) contains information on the methods for analyses of the samples to be collected during the project, quality assurance objectives, sample handling, and data reporting. These methods are based on the guidelines developed and followed in the Western Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (Peck et al. 2003). Methods described in this document are to be used specifically in work relating to the NRSA 2013‐2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater And
    FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiftee N Vertebrate Beginnings the Chordates
    Hickman−Roberts−Larson: 15. Vertebrate Beginnings: Text © The McGraw−Hill Animal Diversity, Third The Chordates Companies, 2002 Edition 15 chapter •••••• fifteen Vertebrate Beginnings The Chordates It’s a Long Way from Amphioxus Along the more southern coasts of North America, half buried in sand on the seafloor,lives a small fishlike translucent animal quietly filtering organic particles from seawater.Inconspicuous, of no commercial value and largely unknown, this creature is nonetheless one of the famous animals of classical zoology.It is amphioxus, an animal that wonderfully exhibits the four distinctive hallmarks of the phylum Chordata—(1) dorsal, tubular nerve cord overlying (2) a supportive notochord, (3) pharyngeal slits for filter feeding, and (4) a postanal tail for propulsion—all wrapped up in one creature with textbook simplicity. Amphioxus is an animal that might have been designed by a zoologist for the classroom. During the nineteenth century,with inter- est in vertebrate ancestry running high, amphioxus was considered by many to resemble closely the direct ancestor of the vertebrates. Its exalted position was later acknowledged by Philip Pope in a poem sung to the tune of “Tipperary.”It ends with the refrain: It’s a long way from amphioxus It’s a long way to us, It’s a long way from amphioxus To the meanest human cuss. Well,it’s good-bye to fins and gill slits And it’s welcome lungs and hair, It’s a long, long way from amphioxus But we all came from there. But amphioxus’place in the sun was not to endure.For one thing,amphioxus lacks one of the most important of vertebrate charac- teristics,a distinct head with special sense organs and the equipment for shifting to an active predatory mode of life.
    [Show full text]
  • California's Freshwater Biodiversity
    CALIFORNIA’S FRESHWATER BIODIVERSITY IN A CONTINENTAL CONTEXT Science for Conservation Technical Brief November 2009 Department of Conservation Science The Nature Conservancy, California Freshwater Biodiversity in California 2 California’s Freshwater Ecoregions in a Continental Context A Science for Conservation Technical Brief The Nature Conservancy, California The Freshwater Conservation Challenge Worldwide, freshwater species and habitats are, on average, more imperiled than their terrestrial or marine counterparts. In continental North America alone, 40% of freshwater fish are at risk of extinction or already extinct (Jelks et al. 2008). Despite concerns over the health of the world’s freshwater species and systems (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005), there have been few attempts to systematically describe patterns of freshwater biodiversity on Earth. This is due in part to the lack of comprehensive, synthesized data on the distributions of freshwater species (Abell 2008). Without a robust biodiversity foundation, conservationists face challenges in setting freshwater protection priorities and agendas at the global, continental and regional scales. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World Project To fill this void, in 2008, World Wildlife Fund-US, The Nature Conservancy, and more than 130 scientists participated in the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World (FEOW) project. FEOW identified 426 freshwater ecoregions and provided information on freshwater biogeography and biodiversity; similar analyses exist for the terrestrial and marine realms. Until this effort, global biodiversity classification and planning efforts had been characterized using land-based parameters. FEOW is the first attempt to describe the world from a freshwater perspective. With this information, scientists and conservationists can more clearly compare freshwater biota and their conservation needs across large geographies.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog
    Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program (OCS Study, BOEM 2016-048) Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Photographs of various fish studied for this report. Background photograph shows Arctic icebergs and ice floes. Photograph from iStock™, dated March 23, 2011. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog By Lyman K. Thorsteinson and Milton S. Love, editors Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program (OCS Study, BOEM 2016-048) Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2016 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://store.usgs.gov. Disclaimer: This Scientific Investigations Report has been technically reviewed and approved for publication by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. The information is provided on the condition that neither the U.S. Geological Survey nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of this information. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • NRSA 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Appendices (Pdf)
    National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 Appendix A: Equipment & Supplies Appendix Equipment A: & Supplies A-1 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 pendix Equipment A: & Supplies Ap A-2 National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2013/14 Field Operations Manual Version 1.1, April 2013 Base Kit: A Base Kit will be provided to the field crews for all sampling sites that they will go to. Some items are sent in the base kit as extra supplies to be used as needed. Item Quantity Protocol Antibiotic Salve 1 Fish plug Centrifuge tube stand 1 Chlorophyll A Centrifuge tubes (screw-top, 50-mL) (extras) 5 Chlorophyll A Periphyton Clinometer 1 Physical Habitat CST Berger SAL 20 Automatic Level 1 Physical Habitat Delimiter – 12 cm2 area 1 Periphyton Densiometer - Convex spherical (modified with taped V) 1 Physical Habitat D-frame Kick Net (500 µm mesh, 52” handle) 1 Benthics Filteration flask (with silicone stopped and adapter) 1 Enterococci, Chlorophyll A, Periphyton Fish weigh scale(s) 1 Fish plug Fish Voucher supplies 1 pack Fish Voucher Foil squares (aluminum, 3x6”) 1 pack Chlorophyll A Periphyton Gloves (nitrile) 1 box General Graduated cylinder (25 mL) 1 Periphyton Graduated cylinder (250 mL) 1 Chlorophyll A, Periphyton HDPE bottle (1 L, white, wide-mouth) (extras) 12 Benthics, Fish Vouchers HDPE bottle (500 mL, white, wide-mouth) with graduations 1 Periphyton Laboratory pipette bulb 1 Fish Plug Microcentrifuge tubes containing glass beads
    [Show full text]