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Humboldt Bay Fishes Humboldt Bay Fishes ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> ·´¯`·._.·´¯`·.. ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> Acknowledgements The Humboldt Bay Harbor District would like to offer our sincere thanks and appreciation to the authors and photographers who have allowed us to use their work in this report. Photography and Illustrations We would like to thank the photographers and illustrators who have so graciously donated the use of their images for this publication. Andrey Dolgor Dan Gotshall Polar Research Institute of Marine Sea Challengers, Inc. Fisheries And Oceanography [email protected] [email protected] Michael Lanboeuf Milton Love [email protected] Marine Science Institute [email protected] Stephen Metherell Jacques Moreau [email protected] [email protected] Bernd Ueberschaer Clinton Bauder [email protected] [email protected] Fish descriptions contained in this report are from: Froese, R. and Pauly, D. Editors. 2003 FishBase. Worldwide Web electronic publication. http://www.fishbase.org/ 13 August 2003 Photographer Fish Photographer Bauder, Clinton wolf-eel Gotshall, Daniel W scalyhead sculpin Bauder, Clinton blackeye goby Gotshall, Daniel W speckled sanddab Bauder, Clinton spotted cusk-eel Gotshall, Daniel W. bocaccio Bauder, Clinton tube-snout Gotshall, Daniel W. brown rockfish Gotshall, Daniel W. yellowtail rockfish Flescher, Don american shad Gotshall, Daniel W. dover sole Flescher, Don stripped bass Gotshall, Daniel W. pacific sanddab Gotshall, Daniel W. kelp greenling Garcia-Franco, Mauricio louvar Gjernes, Michael curlfin sole Jensen, Johnny striped seaperch Gjernes, Michael bocaccio 1 Jensen, Johnny cutthroat troat Gjernes, Michael buttersole Keeley, Ernest coho salmon Gjernes, Michael lingcod Gjernes, Michael black rockfish Kirata, John A. ocean sunfish Gjernes, Michael copper rockfish Lamboeuf, Michel soupfin shark illustration Gotshall, Daniel W white croaker Lamboeuf, Michel jacksmelt illustration Gotshall, Daniel W bay pipefish Lamboeuf, Michel topsmelt illustration Gotshall, Daniel W giant sea bass Lamboeuf, Michel sevengill shark illustration Gotshall, Daniel W green sturgeon Lamboeuf, Michel pacific tomcod illustration Gotshall, Daniel W bat ray Lamboeuf, Michel yellow snake eel illustration Gotshall, Daniel W pile perch Lamboeuf, Michel giant sea bass illustration Gotshall, Daniel W round stingray Lamboeuf, Michel ocean sunfish illustration Gotshall, Daniel W white seaperch Lamboeuf, Michel california halibut illustration Gotshall, Daniel W pygmy poacher Lamboeuf, Michel california tonguefish illustration Gotshall, Daniel W red irish lord Lamboeuf, Michel threadfin shad illustration Gotshall, Daniel W buffalo sculpin Lamboeuf, Michel spiny dogfish illustration Gotshall, Daniel W monkeyface prickleback Lamboeuf, Michel white sea bass illustration Gotshall, Daniel W medusafish Lamboeuf, Michel bat ray illustration Photographer Lamboeuf, Michel spotted ratfish illustration Lamboeuf, Michel pacific pompano illustration Lamboeuf, Michel round stingray illustration Lane, Jodie coastrange sculpin illustration Lane, Jodie padded sculpin illustration Lane, Jodie pacific sandfish illustration Lane, Jodie louvar illustration Lane, Jodie blue lanternfish illustration Lane, Jodie white croaker illustration Lane, Jodie pacific sand lance illustration Lane, Jodie showy snailfish illustrated Lorenzoni, Massimo threespine stickleback Love, Milton calico surfperch Love, Milton northern anchovy Love, Milton high cockscomb Love, Milton walleye surfperch Love, Milton sailfin sculpin Love, Milton cabezon Love, Milton silverspotted sculpin Love, Milton blue rockfish Love, Milton grass rockfish Love, Milton painted greenling Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood and M.V. Vinter, sand sole illustration McDowall, R.M., chinook salmon1 McDowall, R.M., chinook salmon illustration McDowall, Robert M. rainbow trout Humboldt Bay Fishes Lampetra tridentata Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata (Richardson, 1836) Family: Petromyzontidae (Lampreys) by The Native Fish Diagnosis: Characterized by the presence of 3 (rarely 2) large sharp , subfamily: Petromyzontinae Conservancy teeth on the supraoral bar and three sharp points on Order: Petromyzontiformes each of the central lateral tooth plates (Ref. 27547). (lampreys) Dorsal fins arise far back on the body, the anterior fin Class: Cephalaspidomorphi lower and shorter, higher in males; lower lobe of caudal (lampreys) fin larger than upper, the lobes joined to dorsal and anal FishBase Pacific lamprey fins; anal fin rudimentary, virtually absent in males (Ref. name: 27547). Adults from the sea blue-black to greenish Max. size: 76.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; above, silvery to white below; spawning adults become Ref. 2850); max. published reddish brown (Ref. 27547). weight: 500 g (Ref. 27436); Biology: Spawning adults are found in gravel riffles and runs of max. reported age: 8 years clear coastal streams; feeding adults usually in the Environment: demersal; anadromous; freshwater; brackish; marine ; ocean, but landlocked populations occur (Ref. 998); depth range - 250 m ammocoetes in silt, mud, and sand of shallow eddies and Climate: temperate; 65°N - 32°N backwaters of streams (Ref. 5723). Parasitic adults Importance: fisheries: subsistence fisheries attach themselves to the side or undersurface of its prey, from which it draws blood and body fluids as food. Preys Resilience: on fishes and sperm whales (Ref. 6885). Stops feeding Distribution: North Pacific: Bering Sea coasts of Asia and Alaska once upstream spawning migration is underway (Ref. southward to the Yuhutu River, Hokkaido, northern 1998). Rarely consumed as food; prepared fresh or Gazetteer Japan and Punta Canoas, central Baja Califronia, Mexico. smoked (Ref. 6885). Sometimes processed into meal The populations were, at one time, split into two groups (Ref. 27436). The effects of Pacific lamprey attacks on (Ref. 10015) as Entosphenus tridentatus tridentatus commercial species needs further studies (Ref. 6885) which ranged from the Columbia River to Alaska, and E. Red List Not in IUCN Red List , (Ref. 36508) t. ciliatus which ranged from Klamath River southwards Status: (Ref. 1998). This division no longer holds (Ref. 1998). Dangerous: harmless Freshwater resident populations exist in Culrus Lake and Coordinator: Main Ref: Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr. 1991. (Ref. 5723) Biology: Possibly the most abundant living shark (Ref. 247). An inshore and offshore dogfish of the continental and insular shelf and upper slopes (Ref. 247, 11230). Usually near the Squalus acanthias bottom, but also in midwater and at the surface (Ref. Piked dogfish 26346). Often found in enclosed bays and estuaries (Ref. Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 247). Reported to enter freshwater (Ref. 11980) but cannot Family: Squalidae (Dogfish sharks) by Meneses, P.D. survive there for more than a few hours (Ref. 247). Schools Order: Squaliformes mainly segregated by size and sex; mixed schools also Class: Elasmobranchii (sharks and reported (Ref. 247). Feeds primarily on bony fishes, also rays) mollusks, crustaceans and other invertebrates (Ref. 247). FishBase Piked dogfish The only species of horned sharks that can inflict toxins name: with its tail. Utilized for human consumption, liver oil, Max. size: 160 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. vitamins, sand paper, leather, fertilizer, etc. (Ref. 247, 247); 120.0 cm TL (female); 27436). Eaten fried, broiled, and baked (Ref. 9988).Growth max. published weight: 9,100 g is slow. At sexual maturity, males are 60-70 cm long, (Ref. 11389); max. reported females 75-90cm (Ref. 35388). Gestation period is 2 years age: 75 years (Ref. 36731) Environment: benthopelagic; oceanodromous; brackish; marine ; depth Red List , Fordham, S. , (Ref. 36508) , This important and wide- range 0 - 1460 m Status: ranging commercial species is particularly vulnerable to Climate: temperate; 7 - 15°C; 72°N - 55°S overfishing because of its late maturity, low reproductive Importance: fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: show capacity and longevity. Fished populations in the North aquarium Atlantic have a well-documented history of over-exploitation Resilience: Very low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 followed by near-collapse, suggesting that ‘Vulnerable’ years (rm=0.034; K=0.03-0.07; tm=10-30; tmax=75; might be an appropriate assessment for some regions. Fec=1) However, the species is still landed commercially in Distribution: Antitropical. Western Atlantic: Greenland to Argentina. significant numbers from target fisheries (some of which are Eastern Atlantic: Iceland and Murmansk Coast (Russia) to managed) in many parts of the world and is of high value in Gazetteer South Africa, including the Mediterranean and Black Seas. international trade. Western Pacific: Bering Sea to New Zealand. Reports from Dangerous: venomous , Halstead, B.W., P.S. Auerbach and D.R. off New Guinea are doubtful (Ref. 6871). Eastern Pacific: Campbell. 1990 Bering Sea to Chile. Coordinator: Compagno, Diagnosis: Dorsal spines (total): 2-2; Anal spines: 0-0. A slim dogfish Leonard J.V. Dangerous: venomous , Halstead, B.W., P.S. Auerbach and D.R. Campbell. 1990 Coordinator: Compagno, Leonard J.V. Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V.. 1984. (Ref. 247) Brown Smoothhound goes here Red List Smith, S.E. , (Ref. 36508) , This mid-sized coastal Triakis semifasciata Status: shark is fairly common in bays and estuaries of the Leopard shark eastern North Pacific from California, USA, to the Triakis semifasciata Girard, 1855 northern Gulf of California,
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