Human SLC14A1 Antibody

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Human SLC14A1 Antibody Monoclonal Mouse IgG2B Clone # 888418 Catalog Number: MAB8238 DESCRIPTION Species Reactivity Human Specificity Detects human SLC14A1 in direct ELISAs. Source Monoclonal Mouse IgG2B Clone # 888418 Purification Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant Immunogen NS0 mouse myeloma cell line transfected with human SLC14A1 Accession # Q13336 Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. See Certificate of Analysis for details. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. APPLICATIONS Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website. Recommended Sample Concentration Flow Cytometry 2.5 µg/106 cells See Below CyTOFready Ready to be labeled using established conjugation methods. No BSA or other carrier proteins that could interfere with conjugation. DATA Flow Cytometry Flow Cytometry Detection of SLC14A1 in Human Red Detection of SLC14A1 in HEK293 Human Cell Line Blood Cells by Flow Cytometry. Human red Transfected with Human SLC14A1 and eGFP by Flow blood cells were stained with Mouse Anti Cytometry. HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected Human SLC14A1 Monoclonal Antibody with human SLC14A1 and eGFP was stained with either (A) Mouse (Catalog # MAB8238, filled histogram) or AntiHuman SLC14A1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8238) isotype control antibody (Catalog # MAB0041, or (B) Mouse IgG2B Flow Cytometry Isotype Control (Catalog # open histogram), followed by MAB0041) followed by Allophycocyaninconjugated AntiMouse IgG Allophycocyaninconjugated AntiMouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0101B). Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0101B). PREPARATION AND STORAGE Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS. Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at 20 to 70 °C Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freezethaw cycles. l 12 months from date of receipt, 20 to 70 °C as supplied. l 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. l 6 months, 20 to 70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. BACKGROUND Urea transporter 1, designated Solute Carrier family 14 member 1 (SLC14A1) is a 4354 kDa multipass urea transporter mainly expressed in erythrocytes, but also found in kidney, mesenchymal stem cells, and some carcinomas. It contains an epitope identified as the Kidd (JK) blood group antigen. The antigenic forms differ at only one amino acid (aa); Asp280 represents Jk(a) and Asn280 represents Jk(b). SLC14A1 Isoform 2 (445 aa) contains an extended Nterminus as compared to Isoform 1 (389 aa). Human SLC14A1 shares 83% and 81% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat SLC14A1, respectively. Rev. 2/7/2018 Page 1 of 1 .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Differential Expression of Hydroxyurea Transporters in Normal and Polycythemia Vera Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Subpopulations
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 Differential expression of hydroxyurea transporters in normal and polycythemia vera hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell subpopulations Tan, Ge ; Meier-Abt, Fabienne Abstract: Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm marked by hyperproliferation of the myeloid lineages and the presence of an activating JAK2 mutation. Hydroxyurea (HU) is a standard treat- ment for high-risk patients with PV. Because disease-driving mechanisms are thought to arise in PV stem cells, effective treatments should target primarily the stem cell compartment. We tested for theantipro- liferative effect of patient treatment with HU in fluorescence-activated cell sorting-isolated hematopoietic stem/multipotent progenitor cells (HSC/MPPs) and more committed erythroid progenitors (common myeloid/megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors [CMP/MEPs]) in PV using RNA-sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis. HU treatment led to significant downregulation of gene sets associated with cell proliferation in PV HSCs/MPPs, but not in PV CMP/MEPs. To explore the mechanism underlying this finding, we assessed for expression of solute carrier membrane transporters, which mediate trans- membrane movement of drugs such as HU into target cells. The active HU uptake transporter OCTN1 was upregulated in HSC/MPPs compared with CMP/MEPs of untreated patients with PV, and the HU diffusion facilitator urea transporter B (UTB) was downregulated in HSC/MPPs compared withCM- P/MEPs in all patient and control groups tested. These findings indicate a higher accumulation ofHU within PV HSC/MPPs compared with PV CMP/MEPs and provide an explanation for the differential effects of HU in HSC/MPPs and CMP/MEPs of patients with PV.
[Show full text]
Serum Albumin OS=Homo Sapiens
Protein Name Cluster of Glial fibrillary acidic protein OS=Homo sapiens GN=GFAP PE=1 SV=1 (P14136) Serum albumin OS=Homo sapiens GN=ALB PE=1 SV=2 Cluster of Isoform 3 of Plectin OS=Homo sapiens GN=PLEC (Q15149-3) Cluster of Hemoglobin subunit beta OS=Homo sapiens GN=HBB PE=1 SV=2 (P68871) Vimentin OS=Homo sapiens GN=VIM PE=1 SV=4 Cluster of Tubulin beta-3 chain OS=Homo sapiens GN=TUBB3 PE=1 SV=2 (Q13509) Cluster of Actin, cytoplasmic 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=ACTB PE=1 SV=1 (P60709) Cluster of Tubulin alpha-1B chain OS=Homo sapiens GN=TUBA1B PE=1 SV=1 (P68363) Cluster of Isoform 2 of Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=SPTAN1 (Q13813-2) Hemoglobin subunit alpha OS=Homo sapiens GN=HBA1 PE=1 SV=2 Cluster of Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=SPTBN1 PE=1 SV=2 (Q01082) Cluster of Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 OS=Homo sapiens GN=PKM PE=1 SV=4 (P14618) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase OS=Homo sapiens GN=GAPDH PE=1 SV=3 Clathrin heavy chain 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=CLTC PE=1 SV=5 Filamin-A OS=Homo sapiens GN=FLNA PE=1 SV=4 Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=DYNC1H1 PE=1 SV=5 Cluster of ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 2 (+) polypeptide OS=Homo sapiens GN=ATP1A2 PE=3 SV=1 (B1AKY9) Fibrinogen beta chain OS=Homo sapiens GN=FGB PE=1 SV=2 Fibrinogen alpha chain OS=Homo sapiens GN=FGA PE=1 SV=2 Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 OS=Homo sapiens GN=DPYSL2 PE=1 SV=1 Cluster of Alpha-actinin-1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=ACTN1 PE=1 SV=2 (P12814) 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial OS=Homo
[Show full text]
Daphnia Pulex Lineages in Response to Acute Copper Exposure Sneha Suresh1,2, Teresa J
Suresh et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:433 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-06831-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Alternative splicing is highly variable among Daphnia pulex lineages in response to acute copper exposure Sneha Suresh1,2, Teresa J. Crease3, Melania E. Cristescu4 and Frédéric J. J. Chain1* Abstract Background: Despite being one of the primary mechanisms of gene expression regulation in eukaryotes, alternative splicing is often overlooked in ecotoxicogenomic studies. The process of alternative splicing facilitates the production of multiple mRNA isoforms from a single gene thereby greatly increasing the diversity of the transcriptome and proteome. This process can be important in enabling the organism to cope with stressful conditions. Accurate identification of splice sites using RNA sequencing requires alignment to independent exonic positions within the genome, presenting bioinformatic challenges, particularly when using short read data. Although technological advances allow for the detection of splicing patterns on a genome-wide scale, very little is known about the extent of intraspecies variation in splicing patterns, particularly in response to environmental stressors. In this study, we used RNA-sequencing to study the molecular responses to acute copper exposure in three lineages of Daphnia pulex by focusing on the contribution of alternative splicing in addition to gene expression responses. Results: By comparing the overall gene expression and splicing patterns among all 15 copper-exposed samples and 6 controls, we identified 588 differentially expressed (DE) genes and 16 differentially spliced (DS) genes. Most of the DS genes (13) were not found to be DE, suggesting unique transcriptional regulation in response to copper that went unnoticed with conventional DE analysis.
[Show full text]
Downloaded 18 July 2014 with a 1% False Discovery Rate (FDR)
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Chemical glycoproteomics for identification and discovery of glycoprotein alterations in human cancer Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t47b9ws Author Spiciarich, David Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Chemical glycoproteomics for identification and discovery of glycoprotein alterations in human cancer by David Spiciarich A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Co-Chair Professor David E. Wemmer, Co-Chair Professor Matthew B. Francis Professor Amy E. Herr Fall 2017 Chemical glycoproteomics for identification and discovery of glycoprotein alterations in human cancer © 2017 by David Spiciarich Abstract Chemical glycoproteomics for identification and discovery of glycoprotein alterations in human cancer by David Spiciarich Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Professor Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Co-Chair Professor David E. Wemmer, Co-Chair Changes in glycosylation have long been appreciated to be part of the cancer phenotype; sialylated glycans are found at elevated levels on many types of cancer and have been implicated in disease progression. However, the specific glycoproteins that contribute to cell surface sialylation are not well characterized, specifically in bona fide human cancer. Metabolic and bioorthogonal labeling methods have previously enabled enrichment and identification of sialoglycoproteins from cultured cells and model organisms. The goal of this work was to develop technologies that can be used for detecting changes in glycoproteins in clinical models of human cancer.
[Show full text]
PGE2 EP1 Receptor Inhibits Vasopressin-Dependent Water
Laboratory Investigation (2018) 98, 360–370 © 2018 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved 0023-6837/18 PGE2 EP1 receptor inhibits vasopressin-dependent water reabsorption and sodium transport in mouse collecting duct Rania Nasrallah1, Joseph Zimpelmann1, David Eckert1, Jamie Ghossein1, Sean Geddes1, Jean-Claude Beique1, Jean-Francois Thibodeau1, Chris R J Kennedy1,2, Kevin D Burns1,2 and Richard L Hébert1 PGE2 regulates glomerular hemodynamics, renin secretion, and tubular transport. This study examined the contribution of PGE2 EP1 receptors to sodium and water homeostasis. Male EP1 − / − mice were bred with hypertensive TTRhRen mice (Htn) to evaluate blood pressure and kidney function at 8 weeks of age in four groups: wildtype (WT), EP1 − / − , Htn, HtnEP1 − / − . Blood pressure and water balance were unaffected by EP1 deletion. COX1 and mPGE2 synthase were increased and COX2 was decreased in mice lacking EP1, with increases in EP3 and reductions in EP2 and EP4 mRNA throughout the nephron. Microdissected proximal tubule sglt1, NHE3, and AQP1 were increased in HtnEP1 − / − , but sglt2 was increased in EP1 − / − mice. Thick ascending limb NKCC2 was reduced in the cortex but increased in the medulla. Inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) AQP1 and ENaC were increased, but AVP V2 receptors and urea transporter-1 were reduced in all mice compared to WT. In WT and Htn mice, PGE2 inhibited AVP-water transport and increased calcium in the IMCD, and inhibited sodium transport in cortical collecting ducts, but not in EP1 − / − or HtnEP1 − / − mice. Amiloride (ENaC) and hydrochlorothiazide (pendrin inhibitor) equally attenuated the effect of PGE2 on sodium transport. Taken together, the data suggest that EP1 regulates renal aquaporins and sodium transporters, attenuates AVP-water transport and inhibits sodium transport in the mouse collecting duct, which is mediated by both ENaC and pendrin-dependent pathways.
[Show full text]
Rayneretal2020redbloodcellte
Edinburgh Research Explorer Red blood cell tension protects against severe malaria in the Dantu blood group Citation for published version: Kariuki, S, Marin-Menendez, A, Introini, V, Ravenhill, BJ, Lin, YC, Macharia, A, Makale, J, Tendwa, M, Nyamu, W, Kotar, J, Carrasquilla, M, Rowe, AJ, Rockett, KA, Kwiatkowski, DP, Weekes, MP, Cicuta, P, Williams, TN & Rayner, JC 2020, 'Red blood cell tension protects against severe malaria in the Dantu blood group', Nature, vol. 585, no. 7826, pp. 579-583. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2726-6 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1038/s41586-020-2726-6 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Nature Publisher Rights Statement: This is the accepted version of the following article: Kariuki, S.N., Marin-Menendez, A., Introini, V. et al. Red blood cell tension protects against severe malaria in the Dantu blood group. Nature (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2726-6, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2726-6. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
[Show full text]
1 Insights Into Transporter Classifications: an Outline Of
1 1 Insights into Transporter Classifications: an Outline of Transporters as Drug Targets Michael Viereck,1 Anna Gaulton,2 and Daniela Digles1 1University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria 2EMBL – European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK 1.1 Introduction Classifications are a useful tool to get an overview of a topic. They show instan- ces grouped together that share common properties according to the creator of the classification, and as in the case of hierarchical classifications, they allow to draw conclusions on the relation of different classes. In the case of the identifica- tion of drug targets (including transporters as the main drug target), several pub- lications show classifications as a helpful tool. Imming et al. [1] categorized drugs according to their targets, to get an esti- mate on the number of known drug targets, including channels and transporters. Drugs on the market were connected to a target only if it was described as the main target in the literature. For transport proteins (including uniporters, sym- porters, and antiporters), this identified six different types of transporter groups that are relevant as drug targets. These are the cation-chloride cotransporter + + + + (CCC) family (SLC 12), Na /H antiporters (SLC 9), proton pumps, Na /K ATPases, the eukaryotic (putative) sterol transporter (EST) family, and the neu- + rotransmitter/Na symporter (NSS) family (SLC 6). These families mainly belong to either ATPases or solute carriers (SLC). Whether the EST family is treated as transport protein or not depends on the classification used. Rask-Andersen et al.
[Show full text]
Stomatin Interacts with GLUT1/SLC2A1, Band 3/SLC4A1, and Aquaporin-1 in Human Erythrocyte Membrane Domains
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1828 (2013) 956–966 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Biochimica et Biophysica Acta journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bbamem Stomatin interacts with GLUT1/SLC2A1, band 3/SLC4A1, and aquaporin-1 in human erythrocyte membrane domains Stefanie Rungaldier a, Walter Oberwagner a, Ulrich Salzer a, Edina Csaszar b, Rainer Prohaska a,⁎ a Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria b Mass Spectrometry Facility, MFPL, Vienna, Austria article info abstract Article history: The widely expressed, homo-oligomeric, lipid raft-associated, monotopic integral membrane protein Received 21 June 2012 stomatin and its homologues are known to interact with and modulate various ion channels and transporters. Received in revised form 20 October 2012 Stomatin is a major protein of the human erythrocyte membrane, where it associates with and modifies the Accepted 26 November 2012 glucose transporter GLUT1; however, previous attempts to purify hetero-oligomeric stomatin complexes for Available online 3 December 2012 biochemical analysis have failed. Because lateral interactions of membrane proteins may be short-lived and unstable, we have used in situ chemical cross-linking of erythrocyte membranes to fix the stomatin com- Keywords: fi fi Integral membrane proteins plexes for subsequent puri cation by immunoaf nity chromatography. To further enrich stomatin, we Lipid rafts prepared detergent-resistant membranes either before or after cross-linking. Mass spectrometry of the iso- Chemical cross-linking lated, high molecular, cross-linked stomatin complexes revealed the major interaction partners as glucose Protein–protein interaction transporter-1 (GLUT1), anion exchanger (band 3), and water channel (aquaporin-1).
[Show full text]
Lessons from The
Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Eberly College of Science MICROBES IN LIFE HISTORY TRANSITIONS: LESSONS FROM THE UPSIDE-DOWN JELLYFISH CASSIOPEA XAMACHANA A Dissertation in Biology by Aki Ohdera © 2018 Aki Ohdera Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2018 The Dissertation of Aki Ohdera was reviewed and approved* by the following: Mónica Medina Associate Professor of Biology Dissertation Advisor Todd C. LaJeunesse Associate Professor of Biology Chair or Committee Timothy Jegla Associate Professor of Biology Paul Medvedev Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Engineering Assistant Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Stephen W. Schaeffer Professor of Biology Associate Department Head of Graduate Education * Signatures are on file in the graduate school ! ii! Abstract The ubiquity of symbiotic associations that exist in nature demonstrates the importance mutualism plays in the life history of virtually all metazoans. Even closely related species of hosts can associated with different species or genera of symbionts, with varying degrees of specificity. The co-evolutionary implications of these associations underline the genetic and molecular innovations that are a result of symbiosis. This is highlighted in the symbiosis between insects and Buchnera, as well as the bob-tail squid and Vibrio fischeri, where symbiont specific organs have evolved to facilitate the symbiosis. Genomic evolution can also be observed in bacteria as dramatic reductions in gene content, indicating evolution can act on both host and symbiont. Despite the importance and prevalence of symbiosis in nature, we still lack an understanding of how symbiosis is established and maintained for many of the associations.
[Show full text]
Protein Distribution During Human Erythroblast Enucleation in Vitro
Protein Distribution during Human Erythroblast Enucleation In Vitro Amanda J. Bell1, Timothy J. Satchwell1, Kate J. Heesom1, Bethan R. Hawley1, Sabine Kupzig2, Matthew Hazell2, Rosey Mushens2, Andrew Herman1, Ashley M. Toye1,2* 1 School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, 2 Bristol Institute of Transfusion Science, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom Abstract Enucleation is the step in erythroid terminal differentiation when the nucleus is expelled from developing erythroblasts creating reticulocytes and free nuclei surrounded by plasma membrane. We have studied protein sorting during human erythroblast enucleation using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to obtain pure populations of reticulocytes and nuclei produced by in vitro culture. Nano LC mass spectrometry was first used to determine the protein distribution profile obtained from the purified reticulocyte and extruded nuclei populations. In general cytoskeletal proteins and erythroid membrane proteins were preferentially restricted to the reticulocyte alongside key endocytic machinery and cytosolic proteins. The bulk of nuclear and ER proteins were lost with the nucleus. In contrast to the localization reported in mice, several key erythroid membrane proteins were detected in the membrane surrounding extruded nuclei, including band 3 and GPC. This distribution of key erythroid membrane and cytoskeletal proteins was confirmed using western blotting. Protein partitioning during enucleation was investigated by confocal microscopy with partitioning of cytoskeletal and membrane proteins to the reticulocyte observed to occur at a late stage of this process when the nucleus is under greatest constriction and almost completely extruded. Importantly, band 3 and CD44 were shown not to restrict specifically to the reticulocyte plasma membrane.
[Show full text]
Portrait of Blood-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Patients with Parkinson's
Portrait of blood-derived extracellular vesicles in patients with Parkinson’s disease Jérôme Lamontagne-Proulx, MSc1, Isabelle St-Amour, PhD1, Richard Labib, PhD2, Jérémie Pilon, BSc2, Hélèna L. Denis, MSc1, Nathalie Cloutier, PhD1, Florence Roux-Dalvai, MSc1, Antony T. Vincent, MSc3, Sarah L. Mason, PhD4, Anne-Claire Duchez, PhD1, Arnaud Droit, PhD1,5, Steve Lacroix, PhD1,5, Nicolas Dupré, MD1,6, Mélanie Langlois, MD1,6, Sylvain Chouinard, MD7, Michel Panisset, MD7, Roger A. Barker, MBBS, PhD4, Eric Boilard, PhD1,8*, Francesca Cicchetti, PhD1,9* 1Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; 2Département de mathématiques et génie industriel, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; 3Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; 4Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 5Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; 6Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de neurosciences, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Québec, QC, Canada; 7Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Département de médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; 8Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; 9Département de psychiatrie & neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada Correspondence to either: Francesca Cicchetti, Ph.D. Eric Boilard, Ph.D. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Axe Neurosciences, T2-07 Infectious and immune diseases, T1-49 2705, Boulevard Laurier 2705, Boulevard Laurier Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada Tel #: (418) 656-4141 ext.
[Show full text]
Copyrighted Material
1 1 Insights into Transporter Classifications: an Outline of Transporters as Drug Targets Michael Viereck,1 Anna Gaulton,2 and Daniela Digles1 1University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria 2EMBL – European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK 1.1 Introduction Classifications are a useful tool to get an overview of a topic. They show instan- ces grouped together that share common properties according to the creator of the classification, and as in the case of hierarchical classifications, they allow to draw conclusions on the relation of different classes. In the case of the identifica- tion of drug targets (including transporters as the main drug target), several pub- lications show classifications as a helpful tool. Imming et al. [1] categorized drugs according to their targets, to get an esti- mate on the number of known drug targets, including channels and transporters. Drugs on the market were connected to a target only if it was described as the main target in the literature. For transport proteins (including uniporters, sym- porters, and antiporters), this identified six different types of transporter groups that are relevant as drug targets. These are the cation-chloride cotransporter + + + + (CCC) family (SLC 12), Na /H antiporters (SLC 9), proton pumps, Na /K ATPases, the eukaryotic (putative) sterol transporter (EST) family, and the neu- + rotransmitter/Na symporter (NSS) family (SLC 6). These families mainly belong to eitherCOPYRIGHTED ATPases or solute carriers (SLC). MATERIAL Whether the EST family is treated as transport protein or not depends on the classification used. Rask-Andersen et al.
[Show full text]