Absalom Absalom!—William Faulkner...... 1 Absalom and Achitophel—John Dryden...... 1 Adam Bede—George Eliot...... 2 Adonais—Percy Bysshe Shelley...... 2 The Adventures of Augie March—Saul Bellow...... 3 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn—Mark Twain...... 3 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer—Mark Twain...... 4 Aeneid—Vergil...... 4 The Age of Innocence—Edith Wharton...... 5 The Alchemist—Ben Jonson...... 6 The Alexandria Quartet—Lawrence Durrell...... 6 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland—Lewis Carroll...... 7 All God's Children Need Traveling Shoes—Maya Angelou...... 7 All Quiet on the Western Front—Erich Maria Remarque...... 8 All the King's Men—Robert Penn Warren...... 8 All's Well That Ends Well—William Shakespeare...... 9 The Ambassadors—Henry James...... 9 An American Tragedy—Theodore Dreiser...... 10 Andromache—Euripides...... 11 Andromache—Jean Racine...... 11 Anecdote of the Jar—Wallace Stevens...... 12 Angela's Ashes— Frank McCourt...... 12 Angle of Repose—Wallace Stegner...... 13 Animal Farm—George Orwell...... 13 Anna Christie—Eugene O'Neill...... 14 Anna Karenina—Leo Tolstoy...... 14 Anne of Green Gables— L. M. Montgomery...... 15 Antigone—Sophocles...... 16 Antony and Cleopatra—William Shakespeare...... 16 Appointment in Samarra—John O'Hara...... 17 The Arabian Night's Entertainments—Unknown...... 17 Areopagitica—John Milton...... 18 Around the World in Eighty Days—Jules Verne...... 18 Arrowsmith—Sinclair Lewis...... 19 As I Lay Dying—William Faulkner...... 20 As You Like It—William Shakespeare...... 20 Ash Wednesday—T. S. Eliot...... 21 The Assistant—Bernard Malamud...... 21 Atlas Shrugged—Ayn Rand...... 22 Atonement—Ian McEwan...... 23 The Awakening—Kate Chopin...... 24

Babbitt—Sinclair Lewis...... 25 The Bacchae—Euripides...... 25 The Ballad of the Sad Café—Carson McCullers...... 26 viii / Table of Contents

Barabbas—Pr Lagerkvist...... 26 Barchester Towers—Anthony Trollope...... 27 Barren Ground—Ellen Glasgow...... 28 Bartholomew Fair—Ben Jonson...... 28 Bartleby the Scrivener—Herman Melville...... 29 The Bean Trees—Barbara Kingslover...... 29 The Beggar's Opera—John Gay...... 30 The Bell Jar—Sylvia Plath...... 31 Beowulf—Unknown...... 31 The Berlin Stories—Christopher Isherwood...... 32 The Bible—Various...... 32 Billy Budd Foretopman—Herman Melville...... 33 Biographia Literaria—Samuel Taylor Coleridge...... 33 The Birds—Aristophanes...... 34 Black Boy—Richard Wright...... 34 Bleak House—Charles Dickens...... 35 Blood Meridian—Cormac McCarthy...... 36 The Blue Hotel—Stephen Crane...... 36 The Bonfire of the Vanities—Tom Wolfe...... 37 The Book Thief—Markus Zusak...... 37 The Bostonians—Henry James...... 38 Boswells London Journal: 1762 1763—James Boswell...... 39 Brave New World—Aldous Huxley...... 39 The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky—Stephen Crane...... 40 Brideshead Revisited—Evelyn Waugh...... 40 A Brief History of Time—Stephen W. Hawking...... 41 The Brief Wonderous Life of Oscar Wao—Junot Díaz...... 42 Brighton Rock—Graham Greene...... 43 The Brothers K—David James Duncan...... 43 The Brothers Karamazov—Fyodor Dostoevski...... 44 Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee—Dee Brown...... 45

The Call of the Wild—Jack London...... 46 Candida—George Bernard Shaw...... 46 Candide—Voltaire...... 47 The Canterbury Tales—Geoffrey Chaucer...... 47 Cantos—Ezra Pound...... 48 Captains Courageous—Rudyard Kipling...... 49 The Cask of Amontillado—Edgar Allan Poe...... 49 The Castle—Franz Kafka...... 50 Cat on a Hot Tin Roof—Tennessee Williams...... 50 Catch-22—Joseph Heller...... 51 The Catcher in the Rye—J. D. Salinger...... 51 Cat’s Cradle—Kurt Vonnegut...... 52 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County—Mark Twain...... 52 The Celestial Omnibus—E. M. Forster...... 53 The Centaur—John Updike...... 54 Charlotte's Web—E. B. White...... 54 The Charterhouse of Parma—Stendhal...... 55 Table of Contents / ix

The Cherry Orchard—Anton Chekhov...... 55 Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage—Lord Byron...... 56 Childhood's End—Arthur C. Clarke...... 56 The Chosen—Chaim Potok...... 57 A Christmas Carol—Charles Dickens...... 58 The Chronicles of Narnia—C. S. Lewis...... 58 The Cid—Pierre Corneille...... 59 Civil Disobedience—Henry David Thoreau...... 59 Clarissa—Samuel Richardson...... 60 A Clean, Well-Lighted Place—Ernest Hemingway...... 60 A Clockwork Orange —Anthony Burgess...... 61 The Color Purple—Alice Walker...... 61 The Comedy of Errors—William Shakespeare...... 62 The Complete Stories of Sherlock Holmes—Arthur Conan Doyle...... 62 A Confederacy of Dunces—John Kennedy Toole...... 63 Confessions—Saint Augustine...... 63 The Confessions—Jean-Jacques Rousseau...... 64 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court—Mark Twain...... 65 The Consolation of Philosophy—Boethius...... 65 The Count Of Monte Cristo—Alexandre Dumas...... 66 The Counterfeiters—André Gide...... 66 The Country of the Pointed Firs—Sarah Orne Jewett...... 67 The Country Wife—William Wycherley...... 67 Crime and Punishment—Fyodor Dostoevski...... 68 Critique of Pure Reason—Immanuel Kant...... 68 The Crucible—Arthur Miller...... 69 Cry, the Beloved Country—Alan Paton...... 70 The Crying of Lot 49—Thomas Pynchon...... 70 Cutting For Stone—Abraham Verghese...... 71 Cyrano de Bergerac—Edmond Rostand...... 71

Daisy Miller—Henry James...... 73 Dandelion Wine—Ray Bradbury...... 73 The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze—William Saroyan...... 74 David Copperfield—Charles Dickens...... 74 Dead Souls—Nikolai Gogol...... 75 Death Comes for the Archbishop—Willa Cather...... 76 A Death in the Family—James Agee...... 76 Death in Venice—Thomas Mann...... 77 Death of a Salesman—Arthur Miller...... 77 The Death of Ivan Ilyich—Leo Tolstoy...... 78 The Decameron—Giovanni Boccaccio...... 78 The Deerslayer—James Fenimore Cooper...... 79 Demian—Hermann Hesse...... 79 Democracy in America—Alexis de Tocqueville...... 80 The Descent of Man—Charles Darwin...... 80 Desire Under the Elms—Eugene O’Neill...... 81 The Dialogues of Plato—Plato...... 81 The Diary of a Madman—Nikolai Gogol...... 82 x / Table of Contents

The Diary of a Young Girl—Anne Frank...... 82 The Divine Comedy—Dante Alighieri...... 83 Doctor Faustus—Christopher Marlowe...... 83 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde—Robert Louis Stevenson...... 84 Doctor Zhivago—Boris Pasternak...... 84 A Doll’s House—Henrik Ibsen...... 85 Don Juan—Lord Byron...... 86 Don Quixote de la Mancha—Miguel de Cervantes...... 86 Dracula—Bram Stoker...... 87 Dream of the Red Chamber—Cao Xeuqin...... 87 Dubliners—James Joyce...... 88 The Dunciad—Alexander Pope...... 88 Dune—Frank Herbert...... 89

The Earthsea Trilogy —Ursula K. LeGuin...... 90 East of Eden—John Steinbeck...... 90 Easter 1916—William Butler Yeats...... 91 The Education of Henry Adams—Henry Adams...... 92 The Eighty-Yard Run—Irwin Shaw...... 92 Electra—Euripides...... 93 Emma—Jane Austen...... 93 The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer—Siddhartha Mukherjee...... 94 An Enemy of the People—Henrik Ibsen...... 94 The Enormous Radio—John Cheever...... 95 The Epic of Gilgamesh—Unknown...... 96 Equus—Peter Shaffer...... 96 An Essay on Man—Alexander Pope...... 97 The Essays—Michel de Montaigne...... 97 Essays and the New Atlantis—Sir Francis Bacon...... 98 The Eternal Moment—E. M. Forster...... 99 Ethan Frome—Edith Wharton...... 99 Ethica Nicomachea—Aristotle...... 100 Ethics—Baruch Spinoza...... 100 Eugene Onegin—Alexander Pushkin...... 101 The Eve of St. Agnes—John Keats...... 101 Everyman—Unknown...... 102 Everything Is Illuminated—Jonathan Safran Foer...... 102 Everything That Rises Must Converge—Flannery O’Connor...... 103

The Faerie Queene—Edmund Spenser...... 105 Fahrenheit 451—Ray Bradbury...... 105 The Fall—Albert Camus...... 106 The Fall of Giants—Ken Follett...... 106 The Fall of the House of Usher—Edgar Allan Poe...... 107 Far from the Madding Crowd—Thomas Hardy...... 108 A Farewell to Arms—Ernest Hemingway...... 108 Father Goriot—Honoré de Balzac...... 109 Fathers and Sons—Ivan Turgenev...... 109 Faust—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe...... 110 Table of Contents / xi

Fear and Trembling—Søren Kierkegaard...... 111 Ficciones—Jorge Luis Borges...... 111 A Fine Balance—Rohinton Mistry...... 112 Finnegans Wake—James Joyce...... 112 The Fire Next Time—James Baldwin...... 113 The First Circle—Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn...... 113 The Five-Forty-Eight—John Cheever...... 114 The Fixer—Bernard Malamud...... 114 Flowers for Algernon—Daniel Keyes...... 115 Flowers of Evil—Charles Baudelaire...... 116 For Esmé—with Love and Squalor—J. D. Salinger...... 116 For the Union Dead—Robert Lowell...... 117 For Whom the Bell Tolls—Ernest Hemingway...... 117 The Forsyte Saga—John Galsworthy...... 118 Four Quartets—T. S. Eliot...... 118 Frankenstein—Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley...... 119 Franny and Zooey—J. D. Salinger...... 119 The French Lieutenant’s Woman—John Fowles...... 120

Genji Monogatari—Murasaki Shikibu...... 121 Germinal—Émile Zola...... 121 Ghosts—Henrik Ibsen...... 122 The Gift of the Magi—O. Henry...... 123 The Ginger Man—J. P. Donleavy...... 123 The Giver —Lois Lowry...... 124 The Glass Menagerie—Tennessee Williams...... 124 Go Tell It on the Mountain—James Baldwin...... 125 The God of Small Things—Arundhati Roy...... 125 The Golden Compass—Philip Pullman...... 126 The Good Earth—Pearl S. Buck...... 127 A Good Man Is Hard to Find—Flannery O’Connor...... 127 The Good Soldier—Ford Madox Ford...... 128 The Good Terrorist—Doris Lessing...... 128 The Grapes of Wrath—John Steinbeck...... 129 The Graveyard Book—Neil Gaiman...... 129 Gravity’s Rainbow—Thomas Pynchon...... 130 Great Expectations—Charles Dickens...... 131 The Great Gatsby—F. Scott Fitzgerald...... 131 Growth of the Soil—Knut Hamsun...... 132 Gulliver’s Travels—Jonathan Swift...... 132

Hamlet, Prince of Denmark—William Shakespeare...... 134 A Handful of Dust—Evelyn Waugh...... 134 The Handmaid’s Tale—Margaret Atwood...... 135 The Heart is a Lonely Hunter—Carson McCullers...... 135 Heart of Darkness—Joseph Conrad...... 136 Hedda Gabler—Henrik Ibsen...... 137 The Help—Kathyrn Stockett...... 137 Henry IV, Part I—William Shakespeare...... 138 xii / Table of Contents

Henry IV, Part II—William Shakespeare...... 138 Henry the Fifth—William Shakespeare...... 139 Hippolytus—Euripides...... 139 The Histories—Herodotus of Halicarnassus...... 140 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy—Douglas Adams...... 141 The Hobbit—J.R.R. Tolkien...... 141 The House of Mirth—Edith Wharton...... 142 The House of the Seven Gables—Nathaniel Hawthorne...... 142 The House of the Spirits—Isabel Allende...... 143 The Human Stain—Philip Roth...... 143 Humboldt’s Gift—Saul Bellow...... 144 The Hunchback of Notre Dame—Victor Hugo...... 145 Hunger—Knut Hamsun...... 145 Hyperion—John Keats...... 146

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings—Maya Angelou...... 147 The Iceman Cometh—Eugene O’Neill...... 147 The Idiot—Fyodor Dostoevski...... 148 Idylls of the King—Alfred, Lord Tennyson...... 148 Iliad—Homer...... 149 The Importance of Being Earnest—Oscar Wilde...... 150 In Cold Blood—Truman Capote...... 150 In Just—Edward Eslin Cummings...... 151 In Memoriam—Alfred, Lord Tennyson...... 151 Interpreter of Maladies—Jhumpa Lahiri...... 152 In the American Grain—William Carlos Williams...... 153 Invisible Man—Ralph Ellison...... 153 Ironweed—William Kennedy...... 154 Ivanhoe: A Romance—Sir Walter Scott...... 155

Jane Eyre—Charlotte Brontë...... 156 Joseph Andrews—Henry Fielding...... 156 The Joy Luck Club—Amy Tan ...... 157 Jude the Obscure—Thomas Hardy...... 158 Julius Caesar—William Shakespeare...... 158 The Jungle—Upton Sinclair...... 159 The Jungle Books—Rudyard Kipling...... 159

Kidnapped—Robert Louis Stevenson...... 161 Kim—Rudyard Kipling...... 161 King Lear—William Shakespeare...... 162 The Kiss—Anton Chekhov...... 162 The Kite Runner—Khaled Hosseini...... 163 The Known World—Edward P. Jones...... 164 Kristin Lavransdatter—Sigrid Undset...... 165 Kubla Khan—Samuel Taylor Coleridge...... 165

Lady Chatterley’s Lover—D. H. Lawrence...... 167 Lady Windermere’s Fan—Oscar Wilde...... 167 Table of Contents / xiii

The Last of the Mohicans—James Fenimore Cooper...... 168 The Last Temptation of Christ—Nikos Kazantzakis...... 169 Leaves of Grass—Walt Whitman...... 169 Leda and the Swan—William Butler Yeats...... 170 The Left Hand of Darkness—Ursula K. LeGuin...... 170 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow—Washington Irving...... 171 The Leopard—Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa...... 171 Let the Great World Spin—Colum McCann...... 172 Let Us Now Praise Famous Men—James Agee...... 172 Life Is a Dream—Pedro Calderón de la Barca...... 173 Life of Pi—Yann Martel...... 173 The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D.—James Boswell...... 174 Ligeia—Edgar Allan Poe...... 175 Light in August—William Faulkner...... 175 The Lime Twig—John Hawkes...... 176 Lines: Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey—William Wordsworth...... 176 The Little Prince—Antoine de Saint Exupery...... 177 Little Women—Louisa May Alcott...... 177 The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher—Lewis Thomas...... 178 The Lives of the Noble Romans—Plutarch...... 179 The Lives of the Poets—Samuel Johnson...... 179 Lolita—Vladimir Nabokov...... 180 Lonesome Dove—Larry McMurtry...... 181 Long Day’s Journey into Night—Eugene O’Neill...... 182 Look Homeward, Angel—Thomas Wolfe...... 182 Lord Jim—Joseph Conrad...... 183 Lord of the Flies—William Golding...... 183 The Lord of the Rings—J. R. R. Tolkien...... 184 The Lottery—Shirley Jackson...... 184 Love in the Time of Cholera—Gabriel Garcia Marquez...... 185 The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock—T. S. Eliot...... 186 The Luck of Roaring Camp—Bret Harte...... 186 Lysistrata—Aristophanes...... 187

Macbeth—William Shakespeare...... 188 Madame Bovary—Gustave Flaubert...... 188 Maggie: A Girl of the Streets—Stephen Crane...... 189 The Magic Mountain—Thomas Mann...... 189 The Magus—John Fowles...... 190 Main Street—Sinclair Lewis...... 191 Major Barbara—George Bernard Shaw...... 191 The Maltese Falcon—Dashiell Hammett...... 192 Man and Superman—George Bernard Shaw...... 192 Manfred—Lord Byron...... 193 Man’s Fate—André Malraux...... 193 Mansfield Park—Jane Austen...... 194 The Martian Chronicles—Ray Bradbury...... 194 The Masque of the Red Death—Edgar Allan Poe...... 195 The Master and Margarita—Mikhail Bulgakov...... 196 xiv / Table of Contents

The Mayor of Casterbridge—Thomas Hardy...... 196 Measure for Measure—William Shakespeare...... 197 The Member of the Wedding—Carson McCullers...... 197 The Merchant of Venice—William Shakespeare...... 198 Metamorphoses—Ovid...... 198 The Metamorphosis—Franz Kafka...... 199 Middle Passage—Charles Johnson...... 199 Middlemarch—George Eliot...... 200 Midnight's Children—Salman Rushdie...... 200 A Midsummer Night’s Dream—William Shakespeare...... 201 The Mill on the Floss—George Eliot...... 202 The Misanthrope—Molière...... 202 Les Misérables—Victor Hugo...... 203 The Mismeasure of Man—Stephen Jay Gould...... 203 Miss Julie—August Strindberg...... 204 Mrs. Dalloway—Virginia Woolf...... 205 Moby Dick—Herman Melville...... 205 A Modest Proposal—Jonathan Swift...... 206 Moll Flanders—Daniel Defoe...... 207 The Moonstone—Wilkie Collins...... 207 Le Morte d’Arthur—Thomas Malory...... 208 Much Ado About Nothing—William Shakespeare...... 208 Murder in the Cathedral—T. S. Eliot...... 209 Murder on the Orient Express—Agatha Christy...... 209 The Murders in the Rue Morgue—Edgar Allan Poe...... 210 Musée des Beaux Arts—W. H. Auden...... 210 My Ántonia—Willa Cather...... 211 My Name Is Red—Umberto Eco...... 211 The Mysteries of Udolpho—Ann Radcliffe...... 212

The Name of the Rose—Umberto Eco...... 213 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass—Frederick Douglass...... 214 Native Son—Richard Wright...... 214 The Natural—Bernard Malamud...... 215 Nausea—Jean-Paul Sartre...... 215 Nicholas Nickleby—Charles Dickens...... 216 Night—Eli Wiesel...... 217 Nineteen Eighty-Four—George Orwell...... 217 No Exit—Jean-Paul Sartre...... 218 Northanger Abbey—Jane Austen...... 218 Notes from the Underground—Fyodor Dostoevski...... 219

O Pioneers!—Willa Cather...... 220 An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge—Ambrose Bierce...... 220 The Octopus: A Story of California—Frank Norris...... 221 Ode: Intimations of Immortality—William Wordsworth...... 222 Ode on a Grecian Urn—John Keats...... 222 Ode to a Nightingale—John Keats...... 223 Ode to Aphrodite—Sappho...... 223 Table of Contents / xv

Odyssey—Homer...... 224 Oedipus at Colonus—Sophocles...... 224 Oedipus Tyrannus—Sophocles...... 225 Of Human Bondage—W. Somerset Maugham...... 225 Of Mice and Men—John Steinbeck...... 226 The Old Capital—Yasunari Kawabata...... 226 The Old Man and the Sea—Ernest Hemingway...... 227 Olive Kitteridge—Elizabeth Strout...... 227 Oliver Twist—Charles Dickens...... 228 On Liberty—John Stuart Mill...... 228 On Death And Dying—Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, M.D...... 229 On the Nature of Things—Lucretius...... 229 On The Origin Of The Species—Charles Darwin...... 230 On the Road—Jack Kerouac...... 230 The Once and Future King—T. H. White...... 231 One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich—Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn...... 231 One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest—Ken Kesey...... 232 One Hundred Years of Solitude—Gabriel García Márquez...... 233 The Open Boat—Stephen Crane...... 233 The Open Window—Saki...... 234 The Oresteia—Aeschylus...... 234 The Orphan Master's Son—Adam Johnson...... 235 Othello—William Shakespeare...... 235 Our Town—Thornton Wilder...... 236 Out of Africa—Isak Dinesen...... 236 The Outcasts of Poker Flat—Bret Harte...... 237 The Outsider—Colin Wilson...... 237 The Overcoat—Nikolai Gogol...... 238 Ozymandias—Percy Bysshe Shelley...... 238

Pale Fire—Vladimir Nabokov...... 240 Pale Horse, Pale Rider—Katherine Anne Porter...... 240 Pamela—Samuel Richardson...... 241 Paradise Lost—John Milton...... 241 Paradise Regained—John Milton...... 242 A Passage to India—E. M. Forster...... 243 Paterson—William Carlos Williams...... 243 Paul’s Case—Willa Cather...... 244 Pearl—Unknown...... 244 Peer Gynt—Henrik Ibsen...... 245 Pensées—Blaise Pascal...... 245 A Perfect Day for Bananafish—J. D. Salinger...... 246 Peter Pan—James Barrie...... 246 Phaedra—Jean Racine...... 247 Phantom of the Opera—Gaston Leroux...... 248 Pickwick Papers—Charles Dickens...... 248 The Picture of Dorian Gray—Oscar Wilde...... 249 Pictures from Brueghel—William Carlos Williams...... 249 The Pilgrim’s Progress—John Bunyan...... 250 xvi / Table of Contents

The Pit and the Pendulum—Edgar Allan Poe...... 250 The Plague—Albert Camus...... 251 The Playboy of the Western World—John Millington Synge...... 251 Pnin—Vladimir Nabokov...... 252 Poetics—Aristotle...... 252 The Poetry of Dickinson—Emily Dickinson...... 253 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man—James Joyce...... 253 The Possessed—Fyodor Dostoevski...... 254 The Postman Always Rings Twice—James M. Cain...... 254 Pragmatism—William James...... 255 The Praise of Folly—Erasmus...... 255 A Prayer for Owen Meany—John Irving...... 256 The Prelude—William Wordsworth...... 257 Pride and Prejudice—Jane Austen...... 257 The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie—Muriel Spark...... 258 The Prince—Niccolò Machiavelli...... 258 The Prince and the Pauper—Mark Twain...... 259 The Princess Bride—William Goldman...... 259 Private Lives—Noël Coward...... 260 Prometheus Bound—Aeschylus...... 260 Prometheus Unbound—Percy Bysshe Shelley...... 261 The Prussian Officer—D. H. Lawrence...... 261 The Purloined Letter—Edgar Allan Poe...... 262 Pygmalion—George Bernard Shaw...... 262

A Raisin in the Sun—Lorraine Hansberry...... 264 The Rape of the Lock—Alexander Pope...... 264 Rasselas—Samuel Johnson...... 265 Rebecca—Daphne du Maurier...... 265 The Rebel—Albert Camus...... 266 The Red and the Black—Stendhal...... 266 The Red Badge of Courage—Stephen Crane...... 267 The Red Pony—John Steinbeck...... 267 The Red Tent—Anita Diamant...... 268 Remembrance of Things Past—Marcel Proust...... 269 Representative Men—Ralph Waldo Emerson...... 269 Republic—Plato...... 270 The Return of the Native—Thomas Hardy...... 270 Richard the Second—William Shakespeare...... 271 Richard the Third—William Shakespeare...... 272 Rights of Man—Thomas Paine...... 272 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner—Samuel Taylor Coleridge...... 273 The Ring and the Book—Robert Browning...... 273 Rip Van Winkle—Washington Irving...... 274 The Rise of Silas Lapham—William Dean Howells...... 274 The Road Not Taken—Robert Frost...... 275 Robinson Crusoe—Daniel Defoe...... 275 The Rocking-Horse Winner—D. H. Lawrence...... 276 Romeo and Juliet—William Shakespeare...... 276 Table of Contents / xvii

A Room With A View—E. M. Forster...... 277 A Rose for Emily—William Faulkner...... 278 Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead—Tom Stoppard...... 278 Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám—Edward FitzGerald...... 279

Sailing to Byzantium—William Butler Yeats...... 280 Saint Joan—George Bernard Shaw...... 280 Samson Agonistes—John Milton...... 281 Sanctuary—William Faulkner...... 281 The Satanic Verses—Salman Rushdie...... 282 The Satyricon—Petronius Arbiter...... 282 The Scarlet Letter—Nathaniel Hawthorne...... 283 Schindler's Ark—Thomas Keneally...... 284 The Seafarer—Unknown...... 284 The Seagull—Anton Chekhov...... 285 The Sea-Wolf—Jack London...... 285 The Secret Garden—Frances Hodgson Burnett...... 286 The Secret Sharer—Joseph Conrad...... 286 Seize the Day—Saul Bellow...... 287 Sense and Sensibility—Jane Austen...... 287 A Sentimental Education—Gustave Flaubert...... 288 A Separate Peace—John Knowles...... 289 Seven Gothic Tales—Isak Dinesen...... 289 She Stoops to Conquer—Oliver Goldsmith...... 290 Ship of Fools—Katherine Anne Porter...... 290 The Sickness unto Death—Søren Kierkegaard...... 291 Siddhartha—Hermann Hesse...... 291 Signs and Symbols—Vladimir Nabokov...... 292 Silas Marner—George Eliot...... 293 The Silent Don—Mikhail Sholokhov...... 293 Silent Spring—Rachel Carson...... 294 A Simple Heart—Gustave Flaubert...... 294 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight—Pearl-Poet...... 295 Sister Carrie—Theodore Dreiser...... 295 Six Characters in Search of an Author—Luigi Pirandello...... 296 Slaughterhouse-Five—Kurt Vonnegut...... 296 Sometimes a Great Notion—Ken Kesey...... 297 The Song of Hiawatha—Henry Wadsworth Longfellow...... 298 Songs of Innocence and of Experience—William Blake...... 298 Sonnets of Shakespeare—William Shakespeare...... 299 Sonnets from the Portuguese—Elizabeth Barrett Browning...... 299 Sonnets to Orpheus—Rainer Maria Rilke...... 300 Sons and Lovers—D. H. Lawrence...... 300 Sophie’s Choice—William Styron...... 301 The Sorrows of Young Werther—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe...... 301 The Sot-Weed Factor—John Barth...... 302 The Sound and the Fury—William Faulkner...... 302 The Spanish Tragedy—Thomas Kyd...... 303 Spring Snow—Yukio Mishima...... 303 xviii / Table of Contents

Steppenwolf—Hermann Hesse...... 304 The Story of Lucy Gault—William Trevor...... 305 Strange Interlude—Eugene O’Neill...... 305 The Stranger—Albert Camus...... 306 Stranger in a Strange Land—Robert A. Heinlein...... 306 A Streetcar Named Desire—Tennessee Williams...... 307 Summa Theologica—Thomas Aquinas...... 307 The Sun Also Rises—Ernest Hemingway...... 308 The Swimmer—John Cheever...... 308

A Tale of Two Cities—Charles Dickens...... 310 The Talented Mr. Ripley—Patricia Highsmith...... 310 Tamburlaine the Great—Christopher Marlowe...... 311 The Taming of the Shrew—William Shakespeare...... 311 Tao Te Jing—Laozi...... 312 Tartuffe—Molière...... 312 The Tell-Tale Heart—Edgar Allan Poe...... 313 The Tempest—William Shakespeare...... 313 Ten Days That Shook the World—John Reed...... 314 Tender Is the Night—F. Scott Fitzgerald...... 314 Tess of the D’Urbervilles—Thomas Hardy...... 315 Their Eyes Were Watching God—Zora Neal Hurston...... 316 Things Fall Apart—Chinua Achebe...... 316 The Things They Carried—Tim O’Brien...... 317 Three Plays —Sean O’Casey...... 317 The Three Sisters—Anton Chekhov...... 318 Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There—Lewis Carroll...... 319 Thus Spake Zarathustra—Friedrich Nietzsche...... 319 The Time Machine—H. G. Wells...... 320 The Tin Drum—Günter Grass...... 320 To Kill a Mockingbird—Harper Lee...... 321 To the Lighthouse—Virginia Woolf...... 321 Tom Jones—Henry Fielding...... 322 Treasure Island—Robert Louis Stevenson...... 323 A Tree Grows in Brooklyn—Betty Smith...... 323 The Trial—Franz Kafka...... 324 Tristram Shandy—Laurence Sterne...... 324 The Trojan Women—Euripides...... 325 Tropic of Capricorn—Henry Miller...... 325 The Turn of the Screw—Henry James...... 326 Twelfth Night—William Shakespeare...... 326 Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea—Jules Verne...... 327 Two Years Before the Mast—Richard Henry Dana, Jr...... 327

Ulysses—James Joyce...... 329 The Unbearable Lightness of Being—Milan Kundera...... 329 Uncle Tom’s Cabin—Harriet Beecher Stowe...... 330 Uncle Vanya—Anton Chekhov...... 331 Under Milk Wood—Dylan Thomas...... 331 Table of Contents / xix

Under the Volcano—Malcolm Lowry...... 332 U.S.A.—John Dos Passos...... 332 Utopia—Sir Thomas More...... 333

A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning—John Donne...... 334 Vanity Fair—William Makepeace Thackeray...... 334 The Varieties of Religious Experiences: A Study in Human Nature—William James...... 335 The Vicar of Wakefield—Oliver Goldsmith...... 335 A Vindication of the Rights of Woman—Mary Wollstonecraft...... 336 A Visit from the Goon Squad—Jennifer Egan...... 336 Volpone—Ben Jonson...... 337

Waiting for Godot—Samuel Beckett...... 338 Walden—Henry David Thoreau...... 338 The Wall—Jean-Paul Sartre...... 339 The Wanderer—Unknown...... 339 The Wapshot Chronicle—John Cheever...... 340 War and Peace—Leo Tolstoy...... 341 The War of the Worlds—H. G. Wells...... 341 Washington Square—Henry James...... 342 The Waste Land—T. S. Eliot...... 342 Watership Down—Richard Adams...... 343 The Waves—Virginia Woolf...... 344 The Way of All Flesh—Samuel Butler...... 344 The Way of the World—William Congreve...... 345 What is the What:The Autobiography of Valentinno Achak Deng—Dave Eggers and Valentino Deng...... 345 What’s Bred in the Bone—Robertson Davies...... 346 Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?—Edward Albee...... 347 The Wild Swans at Coole—William Butler Yeats...... 347 The Wind in the Willows—Kenneth Grahame...... 348 Winesburg, Ohio—Sherwood Anderson...... 348 Winnie the Pooh—Alan Alexander Milne...... 349 The Winter’s Tale—William Shakespeare...... 349 The Woman in the Dunes—Kōbō Abe...... 350 The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts—Maxine Hong-Kingston...... 350 Women in Love—D. H. Lawrence...... 351 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz—L. Frank Baum...... 351 A Wrinkle in Time—Madeleine L’Engle...... 353 Wuthering Heights—Emily Brontë...... 351

Yentl the Yeshiva Boy—Isaac Bashevis Singer...... 354 You Can’t Go Home Again—Thomas Wolfe...... 354

Zorba the Greek—Nikos Kazantzakis...... 356

Author Index...... 357 Literary Genre Index...... 368 Publication Year Index...... 380