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“What Are Marines For?” the United States Marine Corps
“WHAT ARE MARINES FOR?” THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA A Dissertation by MICHAEL EDWARD KRIVDO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2011 Major Subject: History “What Are Marines For?” The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era Copyright 2011 Michael Edward Krivdo “WHAT ARE MARINES FOR?” THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA A Dissertation by MICHAEL EDWARD KRIVDO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Joseph G. Dawson, III Committee Members, R. J. Q. Adams James C. Bradford Peter J. Hugill David Vaught Head of Department, Walter L. Buenger May 2011 Major Subject: History iii ABSTRACT “What Are Marines For?” The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era. (May 2011) Michael E. Krivdo, B.A., Texas A&M University; M.A., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Joseph G. Dawson, III This dissertation provides analysis on several areas of study related to the history of the United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era. One element scrutinizes the efforts of Commandant Archibald Henderson to transform the Corps into a more nimble and professional organization. Henderson's initiatives are placed within the framework of the several fundamental changes that the U.S. Navy was undergoing as it worked to experiment with, acquire, and incorporate new naval technologies into its own operational concept. -
Coastal Zone Region / Overview
SECTION 9 COASTAL ZONE REGION / OVERVIEW Index Map to Study Sites 2A Table Rock (Mountains) 5B Santee Cooper Project (Engineering & Canals) 2B Lake Jocassee Region (Energy Production) 6A Congaree Swamp (Pristine Forest) 3A Forty Acre Rock (Granite Outcropping) 7A Lake Marion (Limestone Outcropping) 3B Silverstreet (Agriculture) 8A Woods Bay (Preserved Carolina Bay) 3C Kings Mountain (Historical Battleground) 9A Charleston (Historic Port) 4A Columbia (Metropolitan Area) 9B Myrtle Beach (Tourist Area) 4B Graniteville (Mining Area) 9C The ACE Basin (Wildlife & Sea Island Culture) 4C Sugarloaf Mountain (Wildlife Refuge) 10A Winyah Bay (Rice Culture) 5A Savannah River Site (Habitat Restoration) 10B North Inlet (Hurricanes) TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR SECTION 9 COASTAL ZONE REGION / OVERVIEW - Index Map to Coastal Zone Overview Study Sites - Table of Contents for Section 9 - Power Thinking Activity - "Turtle Trot" - Performance Objectives - Background Information - Description of Landforms, Drainage Patterns, and Geologic Processes p. 9-2 . - Characteristic Landforms of the Coastal Zone p. 9-2 . - Geographic Features of Special Interest p. 9-3 . - Carolina Grand Strand p. 9-3 . - Santee Delta p. 9-4 . - Sea Islands - Influence of Topography on Historical Events and Cultural Trends p. 9-5 . - Coastal Zone Attracts Settlers p. 9-5 . - Native American Coastal Cultures p. 9-5 . - Early Spanish Settlements p. 9-5 . - Establishment of Santa Elena p. 9-6 . - Charles Towne: First British Settlement p. 9-6 . - Eliza Lucas Pinckney Introduces Indigo p. 9-7 . - figure 9-1 - "Map of Colonial Agriculture" p. 9-8 . - Pirates: A Coastal Zone Legacy p. 9-9 . - Charleston Under Siege During the Civil War p. 9-9 . - The Battle of Port Royal Sound p. -
Presidio of San Francisco an Outline of Its Evolution As a U.S
Special History Study Presidio of San Francisco An Outline of Its Evolution as a U.S. Army Post, 1847-1990 Presidio of San Francisco GOLDEN GATE National Recreation Area California NOV 1CM992 . Special History Study Presidio of San Francisco An Outline of Its Evolution as a U.S. Army Post, 1847-1990 August 1992 Erwin N. Thompson Sally B. Woodbridge Presidio of San Francisco GOLDEN GATE National Recreation Area California United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Denver Service Center "Significance, like beauty, is in the eye of the beholder" Brian W. Dippie Printed on Recycled Paper CONTENTS PREFACE vii ABBREVIATIONS viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: THE BEGINNINGS, 1846-1861 5 A. Takeover 5 B. The Indians 8 C. The Boundaries 9 D. Adobes, Forts, and Other Matters 10 CHAPTER 2: CIVIL WAR, 1861-1865 21 A. Organizing 21 B. Keeping the Peace 22 C. Building the Post 23 CHAPTER 3: THE PRESIDIO COMES OF AGE, 1866-1890 31 A. Peacetime 31 B. The Division Comes to the Presidio 36 C. Officers' Club, 20 46 D. Other Buildings 47 E. Troop Duty 49 F. Fort Winfield Scott 51 CHAPTER 4: BEAUTIFICATION, GROWTH, CAMPS, EARTHQUAKE, FORT WINFIELD SCOTT, 1883-1907 53 A. Beautification 53 B. Growth 64 C. Camps and Cantonments 70 D. Earthquake 75 E. Fort Winfield Scott, Again 78 CHAPTER 5: THE PRESIDIO AND THE FORT, 1906-1930 81 A. A Headquarters for the Division 81 B. Housing and Other Structures, 1907-1910 81 C. Infantry Terrace 84 D. Fires and Firemen 86 E. Barracks 35 and Cavalry Stables 90 F. -
All Saints Church, Waccamaw Photo Hy Ski1,11Er
All Saints Church, Waccamaw Photo hy Ski1,11er ALL SAINTS' CHURCH, WACCAMAW THE PARISH: THE· PLACE: THE PEOPLE. ---•-•.o• ◄ 1739-1948 by HENRY DeSAUSSURE BULL Published by The Historical Act-ivities Committee of the South Carolina Sociefy o'f' Colonial Dames of America 1948 fl'IIINTED 8Y JOHN J. FURLONG a SONS CHARLESTON, 5, C, This volume is dedicated to the memo,-y of SARAH CONOVER HOLMES VON KOLNITZ in grateful appr.eciation of her keen interest in the history of our State. Mrs. Von Kolnit& held the following offices in the South Carolina Society of Colonial Dames of America : President 193S-1939 Honorary President 1939-1943 Chairman of Historic Activities Committte 1928-1935 In 1933 she had the honor of being appointed Chairman of Historic Activities Committee of the National Society of Colonial Dames of America ·which office she held with con spicuous ability until her death on April 6th 1943. CHURCH, W ACCAMA ALL SAINTS' • 'Ai 5 CHAPTER I - BEGINNING AND GROWTH All Saint's Parish includes the whole of vVaccamaw peninsula, that narrow tongue of land lying along the coast of South Caro~ lina, bounded on the east by the Atlantic and on the \Vest by the Waccamaw River which here flo\vs almost due south and empties into Winyah Bay. The length of the "N eek" from Fraser's Point to the Horry County line just north of Murrell's Inlet is about thirty miles and the width of the high land varies f rorii two to three miles. The :place takes its name from the \Vac~ camaws, a small Indian tribe of the locality who belonged ·to a loose conf ederacv.. -
Battery Chamberlin U.S
National Park Service Battery Chamberlin U.S. Department of the Interior Golden Gate National Recreation Area Practice firing of an original 6-inch gun mounted on a disappearing carriage, around 1910. Baker Beach, 1905 A voice bellows, "Load!" Like integral bring forward the 100-lb. shell on a ladle, parts of the gun they are loading, followed by another with a long pole thirteen soldiers spring into action. The who rams the shell into the barrel's first yanks open the breechblock (door) breech. The bag of gunpowder is heaved at the rear of the barrel, allowing the in behind, and the breechblock is swung next to shove the seven-foot sponge in shut and locked. Still another soldier and out of the firing chamber. Two men trips a lever, and the gun springs up on massive arms, above the wall behind which it was hidden. The sergeant shouts "Fire!" and tugs on the long lanyard attached to the rear of the gun. There is a deafening boom, a tongue of flame, and a huge cloud of smoke! The shell speeds toward a target mounted on a raft seven miles out to sea. The gun recoils, swinging back and down, behind the wall of the battery the men stand poised to reload. Sweating in their fatigues, they silently thank the sea breeze for cooling them. Only thirty seconds have passed, and they are once again reloading the gun. Gun drill at Battery Chamberlin around 1942. One soldier loads the gun powder bag as San Francisco History Center, SF Public Library San Francisco History Center, another with shell ladle withdraws. -
Independent Republic Quarterly, 2010, Vol. 44, No. 1-2 Horry County Historical Society
Coastal Carolina University CCU Digital Commons The ndeI pendent Republic Quarterly Horry County Archives Center 2010 Independent Republic Quarterly, 2010, Vol. 44, No. 1-2 Horry County Historical Society Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/irq Part of the Civic and Community Engagement Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Horry County Historical Society, "Independent Republic Quarterly, 2010, Vol. 44, No. 1-2" (2010). The Independent Republic Quarterly. 151. https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/irq/151 This Journal is brought to you for free and open access by the Horry County Archives Center at CCU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The ndeI pendent Republic Quarterly by an authorized administrator of CCU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Independent Republic Quarterly A Publication of the Horry County Historical Society Volume 44, No. 1-2 ISSN 0046-8843 Publication Date 2010 (Printed 2012) Calendar Events: A Timeline for Civil War-Related Quarterly Meeting on Sunday, July 8, 2012 at Events from Georgetown to 3:00 p.m. Adam Emrick reports on Little River cemetery census pro- ject using ground pen- etrating radar. By Rick Simmons Quarterly Meeting on Used with permission: taken from Defending South Carolina’s Sunday, October 14, 2012 at 3:00 p.m. Au- Coast: The Civil War from Georgetown to Little River (Charleston, thors William P. Bald- SC: The History Press 2009) 155-175. win and Selden B. Hill [Additional information is added in brackets.] review their book The Unpainted South: Car- olina’s Vanishing World. -
San Francisco Ems Agency Policy Manual
SAN FRANCISCO EMS AGENCY POLICY MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS November 1, 2015 POLICY POLICY TITLE EFFECTIVE NUMBER DATE Section 1: EMS System Organization and Management 1000 Policy Development Process 09/09/13 1010 Advisory Committees 09/09/13 1020 Glossary 01/01/11 Section 2: Personnel & Training 2000 Prehospital Personnel Standards and Scope of Practice 05/15/10 2001 Use of Standard and Special Circumstance Treatment 01/01/11 Protocols 2010 Public Safety First Aid Training and Approval 08/01/08 2020 EMT-1 Program Approval 01/01/11 2030 Paramedic Program Approval 01/07/13 2040 EMT-1 Certification 09/09/13 2050 Paramedic Accreditation 02/01/15 2051 Preceptors for Paramedic Student Interns 09/09/13 (formerly called Paramedic Preceptor and Evaluator) 2052 Paramedic Field Supervisor 09/09/13 2060 Continuing Education Approval 12/01/04 2070 Certificate/License Discipline Process for Prehospital 11/01/10 Personnel Section 3: Communications 3000 Medical Dispatch Center Standards 09/09/13 3000.1 Medical Dispatcher Standards 09/09/13 3010 EMS System Communications Standards 08/01/07 3011 Communication Drills 09/01/09 3020 Field to Hospital Communications 08/01/07 Section 4: Response and Transportation 4000 Prehospital Provider Standards 09/01/11 4000.1 Ambulance Turnaround Time Standard 11/01/15 4001 Vehicle Equipment and Supply List 07/01/14 4002 Controlled Substances 09/09/13 Page 1 of 2 4010 Integrated Response Plan 08/01/08 4020 EMS Aircraft Utilization 02/01/15 4030 Intercounty and Bridge Response 08/01/08 4040 Documentation Evaluation and -
Nomination Form
Form No. 10-300 ^0-' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS __________TYPE ALL ENTRIES - COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS______ I NAME HISTORIC ^^^ Battery White___________________________________ AND/OR COMMON LOCATION STREET & NUMBER Belle Isle Road, Belle Isle Gardens _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY, TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Georgetown _X_ VICINITY OF #6 STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Snut.h Carolina 045 Georgetown Q43 CLASSIFICATION (part of condomfntutn complex] CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENTUSE _DISTRICT —PUBLIC X-OCCUPIED —AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM _BUILDING(S) X-PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL _JfeTRUCTURE —BOTH WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL —PRIVATE RESIDENCE ^.SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —OBJECT —IN PROCESS —YES: RESTRICTED —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED — YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —MILITARY —OTHER: OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Belle Isle Gardens Company STREET & NUMBER P. 0. Box 796 CITY. TOWN STATE Georgetown VICINITY OF South CaroJina (LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS,ETC Georgetown County Courthouse STREET& NUMBER Screven Street CITY. TOWN STATE Georgetown South Caroltna REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Inventory of Historic Places In South Carolina DATE J9Z1 —FEDERAL X.STATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS S. C. Department of Archives and History CITY. TOWN STATE Columbia South Carolina Q DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED JklNALTERED ^ORIGINAL SITE X.GOOD —RUINS —ALTERED —MOVED DATE_______ —FAIR _JUNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Battery White is an earthwork artillery emplacement built and manned by Confederate troops during the Civil War. It was positioned on Mayrant's Bluff, upper Winyah Bay, where its guns could command the seaward access to the nearby port of Georgetown. -
Battery White Historic Registry Application
cçêã =k çK=NMJPMM íÑyÉ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM pbb=fk pqor ` qfl k p=fk =HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS | | | | | | | | | | | qvmb=^ i i =bk qofbp=J=` l j mi bqb=^ mmi f` ^ _ i b=pb` qfl k p| | | | | | INAME e fpql of` = { { { Battery White___________________________________ ^ k a Ll o=` l j j l k LOCATION pqo bbq=C=k r j _bo Belle Isle Road, Belle Isle Gardens | k l q=cl o=mr _ i f` ^ qfl k ` fqvI=ql t k ` l k d o bppfl k ^ i =a fpqo f` q Georgetown | u| =s f` fk fqv =l c pq^ qb ` l a b ` l r k qv CODE påì íKÜ= ` ~êçäáå~ MQR Georgetown n QP CLASSIFICATION ` ^ qbd l ov l t k bope fm pq^ qr p mobpbk q=r pb | a fpqof` q= ! mr _ i f` = uJl ` ` r mfba ! ^ d of` r i qr ob= ! j r pbr j | =_ r fi a fk d EpF= uJmofs^ qb ! r k l ` ` r mfba ! ` l j j bo` f^ i JgÑÉqor ` qr ob ! _ l qe ! t l oh=fk =mol d obpp ! ba r ` ^ qfl k ^ i ! mofs^ qb=obpfa bk ` b mr _ i f` =^ ` n r fpfqfl k ^ ` ` bppf_ i b ! bk qbo q^ fk j bk q= ! o bi fd fl r p ! l _ gb` q | fk =mol ` bpp ! vbpW=obpqof` qba ! d l sbok j bk q= ! p` fbk qfcf` ! _ bfk d =` l k pfa boba ! =vbpW=r k obpqof` qba ! fk a r pqof^ i ! qo^ k pml oq^ qfl k *- N private park ! j fi fq^ ov ! l qe boW OWNER OF PROPERTY k ^ j b Belle Isle Gardens Company pqobbq=Uí=k r j _ bo mK= MK= _çñ= TVS ` fqv K=ql t k pq^ qb Georgetown sf` fk fqv=l c South CaroJina [LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION ` l r oqe l r pbK o bd fpqo v =l c=a bba pIbq` = d ÉçêÖÉíçï å=` çì åíó=` çì êíÜçì ëÉ pqo bbq=C=k r j _bo Screven -
Environmental Consequences
Facilities and Operations 4.12 PARK FACILITIES AND OPERATIONS 4.12.1 Study Area/Context AC34 events are anticipated to impact facilities and operations of the National Park Service (NPS) and the Presidio Trust (Trust). There are no foreseeable impacts on US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and US Coast Guard (USCG) facilities, nor to Corps operations. Impacts to the USCG operations are addressed in other sections of the EA, including Chapter 4.11, “Maritime Navigation and Safety.” Therefore, neither the Corps nor USCG is discussed in this section. 4.12.2 Issues AC34 races and events are expected to draw large crowds to both primary (e.g. Crissy Field, Fort Mason, SAFR) and secondary (e.g. Marin Headlands/Conzelman Road) viewing areas within federal parklands, and will affect park facilities and operations, requiring both an increase in operational support and the likely need to restore and/or repair impacted facilities. Direct impacts to facilities and operations will occur in the following general areas:(1) Law Enforcement, Traffic Management, and Parking Management; (2) Maintenance & Facilities Management, Natural and Cultural Resource Protection, and Compliance Monitoring; (3) Special Events, Business Management, Public Affairs, Administration and General Management; and (4) Park Assets. NPS will implement an Incident Command System to manage its lands and waters as required to by its Management Policies (2006, section 8.6.2.1). This ICS may include Presidio Trust lands (eg. Crissy Field, Area B and Main Post) should the Trust enter into an agreement with NPS to do so, to facilitate integrated coordination in the implementation of management and protective measures for their adjacent jurisdictions. -
Presidio Coastal Trail Cultural Resource Survey
Presidio Coastal Trail Cultural Resource Survey Background This survey was prepared at the request of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy to provide information on known and possible cultural resources along the Fort Scott bluffs in preparation for the design of the Presidio Coastal Trail. This trail will be a link in the statewide California Coastal Trail. The California Coastal Conservancy oversees the statewide implementation efforts for developing the Coastal Trail, and provides this definition of the trail: “A continuous public right-of-way along the California Coastline; a trail designated to foster appreciation and stewardship of the scenic and natural resources of the coast through hiking and other complementary modes of non-motorized transportation.” (California Coastal Conservancy, 2001.) A “Presidio Trails and Bikeways Master Plan and Environmental Assessment” (aka “Trails Master Plan”) was developed jointly by the National Park Service and the Presidio Trust for that section of the Coastal Trail running through the Presidio of San Francisco, and was adopted through a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) in July 2003. The Trails Master Plan identified improvements needed to the California Coastal Trail in order to upgrade the existing route to a multi-use trail with associated bicycle lanes on Lincoln Boulevard and supporting components, such as trailheads and overlooks. This 3 mile Presidio trail section travels generally along the coastal bluffs, following Lincoln Boulevard. 1 The areas west and south of the Golden Gate Bridge/Highway 101 are known to have been the sites of important cultural activities over the past 200 years associated with the military and civilian histories of the Presidio of San Francisco. -
Fortress Study Group Library Catalogue
FSG LIBRARY CATALOGUE OCTOBER 2015 TITLE AUTHOR SOURCE PUBLISHER DATE PAGE COUNTRY CLASSIFICATION LENGTH "Gibraltar of the West Indies": Brimstone Hill, St Kitts Smith, VTC Fortress, no 6, 24-36 1990 West Indies J/UK/FORTRESS "Ludendorff" fortified group of the Oder-Warthe-Bogen front Kedryna, A & Jurga, R Fortress, no 17, 46-58 1993 Germany J/UK/FORTRESS "Other" coast artillery posts of southern California: Camp Haan, Berhow, MA CDSG News Volume 4, 1990 2 USA J/USA/CDSG 1 Camp Callan and Camp McQuaide Number 1, February 1990 100 Jahre Gotthard-Festung, 1885-1985 : Geschichte und Ziegler P GBC, Basel 1986 Switzerland B Bedeutung unserer Alpenfestung [100 years of the Gotthard Fortress, 1885-1985 : history and importance of our Alpine Fortress] 100 Jahre Gotthard-Festung, 1885-1985 : Geschichte und Ziegler P 1995 Switzerland B Bedeutung unserer Alpenfestung [100 years of the Gotthard Fortress, 1885-1985 : history and importance of our Alpine Fortress] 10thC castle on the Danube Popa, R Fortress, no 16, 16-24 1993 Bulgaria J/UK/FORTRESS 12-Inch Breech Loading Mortars Smith, BW CDSG Journal Volume 7, 1993 2 USA J/USA/CDSG 1 Issue 3, November 1993 13th Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) Regiment Gaines, W CDSG Journal Volume 7, 1993 10 USA J/USA/CDSG 1 Issue 2, May 1993 14th Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) Regiment, An Organizational Gaines, WC CDSG Journal Volume 9, 1995 17 USA J/USA/CDSG 2 History, The Issue 3, August 1995 16-Inch Batteries at San Francisco and The Evolution of The Smith B Coast Defense Journal 2001 68 USA J/USA/CDSG 2 Casemated 16-Inch Battery, The Volume 15, Issue 1, February 2001 180 Mm Coast Artillery Batteries Guarding Vladivostok,1932-1945 Kalinin, VI et al Coast Defense Journal 2002 25 Russia J/USA/CDSG 2 Part 2: Turret Batteries Volume 16, Issue 1, February 2002 180mm Coast Artillery Batteries Guarding Vladivostok, Russia, Kalinin, VI et al Coast Defense Journal 2001 53 Russia J/USA/CDSG 2 1932-1945: Part 1.