Die Deutschen Flakraketen Im Zweiten Weltkrieg1
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Victor Or Villain? Wernher Von Braun and the Space Race
The Social Studies (2011) 102, 59–64 Copyright C Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0037-7996 print / 2152-405X online DOI: 10.1080/00377996.2010.484444 Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Race JASON L. O’BRIEN1 and CHRISTINE E. SEARS2 1Education Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA 2History Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA Set during the Cold War and space race, this historical role-play focuses on Wernher von Braun’s involvement in and culpability for the use of slave laborers to produce V-2 rockets for Nazi Germany. Students will grapple with two central questions. Should von Braun have been allowed to emigrate to the United States given his affiliation with the Nazis and use of slave laborers? Should the U.S. government and military have put Braun in powerful positions in NASA and military programs? This activity encourages students to hone their critical thinking skills as they consider and debate a complex, multi-layered historical scenario. Students also have opportunity to articulate persuasive arguments either for or against von Braun. Each character sketch includes basic information, but additional references are included for teachers and students who want a more in depth background. Keywords: role-play, Wernher von Braun, Space Race, active learning Victor or Villain? Wernher von Braun and the Space Role-Playing as an Instructional Strategy Race By engaging in historical role-plays, students can explore In 2009, the United States celebrated the fortieth anniver- different viewpoints regarding controversial topics (Clegg sary of the Apollo 11 crew’s landing on the moon. -
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SOCIETE ROYALE KONINKLIJKE MAATSCHAPPIJ s.s.b.l. Pionniers cr Ancicns dc I'Aviation v.z.w. Pionicrs en Anciens van de Luchtvaart sous le Haut Parronage de S.M. le Roi onder dc Hogc Bescherming van Z.M. de Koning P6riodique trimestriel - Driemaandelijke periodiek Seiziime ann& - Zestiende jaar N" 3r96 Nr 3/96 J ui llet-Ao0t-Septe m bre J u I i-A ugustus-Septembe r Victor Ortmans, DFC Capitaine-aviateu r Kapitein-vlieger a.s.b.l. LES VIEILLES TlGES DE BEGIQUE v.zw Sidge social-Maatschappelijke zetel D6pos6 au Bureau de poste Maison des Ailes I 150 Brucelles l5 rue Montoyer straat I . l000Bruxelles-Brussel Sivous changez d'adresse ou de num6ro de t6l6phone, n'oubliez pas de nous en aviser, Gommuniquez nous aussi vos 6v6nements familiaux importants en contactant de pr6f6rence le Secr6taire-g6n6ral ou tout autre membre du conseil d'administration. lndien u een adres-of teleloonwiiziging hebt, laat ons weten. DeeI ook aan de Secretaris-generaal at uW_belangriike familiale gebeurtenissen mee of aan ider lid van de beheerraad Composition du conseil d'administration Samenstelling van de raad van bestuur President / Voorzitter: Leon BRANDERS Vice-presidents / Vice-Voorzitters: Jacques DOME Jean KAMERS Secretaire-general / Secretaris-generaal: Robert FEUILLEN Tresorier / Schatbewaarder: Paul JOUREZ Secr6taire-adj oint / Adjunct-secretaris. Charles PEYRASSOL Administrateurs. Eric BOUZIN Georges de CONINCK Andre DILLIEN Pierre HALLET Hubert MOJET Norbert NIELS Jacques ROELAIID-I{ELMAN Gerard VERMANDER Attention ! Ailes) Nouveau code postal Pour notre siage social (Maison des l0OO Bruxelles au lieu de 1040 Aan dacht! Nieuw postnummer voor onze maatschappeliike zetel (Huis der Vleugels) l0O0 Brussel in Plaats van 1040 Le capitaine aviateur Vietor Ortmans, DFC Parrain de la promotion d'6lives-pilotes 88A Le capitaine aviateur Victor Ortmans est n6 d Londres le 17 avril 1915. -
PEENEMUENDE, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, and the V-2 MISSILE, 1924-1945 Michael
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: ENGINEERING CONSENT: PEENEMUENDE, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, AND THE V-2 MISSILE, 1924-1945 Michael Brian Petersen, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Jeffrey Herf Departmen t of History This dissertation is the story of the German scientists and engineers who developed, tested, and produced the V-2 missile, the world’s first liquid -fueled ballistic missile. It examines the social, political, and cultural roots of the prog ram in the Weimar Republic, the professional world of the Peenemünde missile base, and the results of the specialists’ decision to use concentration camp slave labor to produce the missile. Previous studies of this subject have been the domain of either of sensationalistic journalists or the unabashed admirers of the German missile pioneers. Only rarely have historians ventured into this area of inquiry, fruitfully examining the history of the German missile program from the top down while noting its admi nistrative battles and technical development. However, this work has been done at the expense of a detailed examination of the mid and lower -level employees who formed the backbone of the research and production effort. This work addresses that shortcomi ng by investigating the daily lives of these employees and the social, cultural, and political environment in which they existed. It focuses on the key questions of dedication, motivation, and criminality in the Nazi regime by asking “How did Nazi authori ties in charge of the missile program enlist the support of their employees in their effort?” “How did their work translate into political consent for the regime?” “How did these employees come to view slave labor as a viable option for completing their work?” This study is informed by traditions in European intellectual and social history while borrowing from different methods of sociology and anthropology. -
Le V-2 Arme Stratégique
Le V-2 arme stratégique par Gérard Hartmann d’un obus propulsé capable de bombarder La société Verein für l’ennemi à plus de 200 kilomètres (tir balistique hors atmosphère). Mais les travaux Raumschiffahrt de recherche aux résultats douteux et lointains n’intéressaient pas les militaires qui voulaient Dès qu’on sort de notre atmosphère, des solutions immédiates pour se sortir de la l’espace est totalement noir (sans lumière), guerre. Cinq années plus tard, en 1922, Oberth propose de nouveau au ministère de la guerre irrespirable (sans air), désorienté (pesanteur allemand l’étude d’un missile de plus faible), irradié (traversé de particules bombardement à longue portée. Certains cosmiques), glacé (-70°C) et dangereux militaires, en particulier dans l’artillerie, (bombardé de météorites). Mais pourtant, comprennent le principe de la fusée qui l’homme rêve d’y voyager. Adeptes des voyages spatiaux, probablement à la suite de semble établi depuis 1920 par plusieurs la lecture du livre de Jules Verne « De le terre à théoriciens, René Lorin et Robert Esnault- Pelterie (voir plus loin) en France, Robert la Lune », plusieurs jeunes Allemands se Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945) aux Etats-Unis, réunissent dans un club à la tête duquel se Constantin Tsiolkovski (1857-1935) en Russie. trouve un professeur de gymnastique de 33 Mais il n’existe encore aucune réalisation ans, Hermann Oberth (1894-1989). Fondé le 5 pratique d’un obus autopropulsé, d’un moteur juillet 1927 à Standort von Breslau près de Berlin, ce club est une « société pour les fusée à réaction et encore moins d’un missile. -
Archie to SAM a Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense
Archie to SAM A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense Second Edition KENNETH P. WERRELL Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama August 2005 Air University Library Cataloging Data Werrell, Kenneth P. Archie to SAM : a short operational history of ground-based air defense / Kenneth P. Werrell.—2nd ed. —p. ; cm. Rev. ed. of: Archie, flak, AAA, and SAM : a short operational history of ground- based air defense, 1988. With a new preface. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58566-136-8 1. Air defenses—History. 2. Anti-aircraft guns—History. 3. Anti-aircraft missiles— History. I. Title. 358.4/145—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public re- lease: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii In memory of Michael Lewis Hyde Born 14 May 1938 Graduated USAF Academy 8 June 1960 Killed in action 8 December 1966 A Patriot, A Classmate, A Friend THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii FOREWORD . xiii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . xv PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION . xvii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION . xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xxi 1 ANTIAIRCRAFT DEFENSE THROUGH WORLD WAR II . 1 British Antiaircraft Artillery . 4 The V-1 Campaign . 13 American Antiaircraft Artillery . 22 German Flak . 24 Allied Countermeasures . 42 Fratricide . 46 The US Navy in the Pacific . -
Prophecy Fulfilled: Toward New Horizons and Its Legacy
Prophecy Fulfilled: "Toward New Horizons" and Its Legacy Edited and with an Introduction by Dr. Michael H. Gorn Air Force History and Museums Program 1994 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Prophecy fulfilled: "Toward new horizons and its legacy" / edited and with an introduction by Michael H. Gorn p. ca. Includes text of Where We Stand and Science, the Key to Air Supremacy. Includes bibliographical references. 1. Aeronautics, Military-Research-United States. 2. Aeronautics. Military-United States-Forecasting. 3. Air power- United States. I. Gorn, Michael H. 11. Where we stand. 111. Science, the key to air supremacy. UG643.P76 1994 358.4'00973-dc20 94-4 1410 CIP Where We Stand was written in 1945 and issued as an AAF Report in 1946. Science, the Key to Air Supremacy, originally published in 1945 as part of the multi-volume Toward New Horizons, was reprinted by the Air Force Systems Command History Office in 1992. Many of the illustra- tions in this version of Science, the Key to Air Supremacy were adapted from the 1992 edition. Foreword Since the days of ancient warfare, commanders have relied on science and technology for success in war. Their use in military affairs increased dramatically after the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions, particularly in the nineteenth century. For example, chemists and metallurgists contributed greatly to World War I, while World War I1 is sometimes referred to as the physicists' war. During the fifty-year conflict known as the Cold War, scientists from diverse disciplines collaborated to multiply the effectiveness of military force and meet national security needs. -
The German Rocket Jet and the Nuclear Programs of World War II Max Lutze Union College - Schenectady, NY
Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2016 The German Rocket Jet and the Nuclear Programs of World War II Max Lutze Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the European History Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons, Military History Commons, and the Military, War, and Peace Commons Recommended Citation Lutze, Max, "The German Rocket Jet and the Nuclear Programs of World War II" (2016). Honors Theses. 179. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/179 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The German Rocket, Jet, and Nuclear Programs of World War II By Max Lutze * * * * * * * * * Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of History UNION COLLEGE March, 2016 2 Abstract German military technology in World War II was among the best of the major warring powers and in many cases it was the groundwork for postwar innovations that permanently changed global warfare. Three of the most important projects undertaken, which were not only German initiatives and therefore perhaps among the most valuable programs for both the major Axis and Allied nations, include the rocket, jet, and nuclear programs. In Germany, each of these technologies was given different levels of attention and met with varying degrees of success in their development and application. -
Nazi Secret Weapons and the Cold War Allied Legend
Nazi Secret Weapons and the Cold War Allied Legend http://myth.greyfalcon.us/sun.htm by Joseph P. Farrell GÖTTERDÄMMERUNG "A comprehensive February 1942 (German) Army Ordnance report on the German uranium enrichment program includes the statement that the critical mass of a nuclear weapon lay between 10 and 100 kilograms of either uranium 235 or element 94.... In fact the German estimate of critical mass of 10 to 100 kilograms was comparable to the contemporary Allied estimate of 2 to 100.... The German scientists working on uranium neither withheld their figure for critical mass because of moral scruples nor did they provide an inaccurate estimate as the result of gross scientific error." --Mark Walker, "Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb" A Badly Written Finale "In southern Germany, meanwhile, the American Third and Seventh and the French First Armies had been driving steadily eastward into the so-called 'National Redoubt'.... The American Third Army drove on into Czechoslovakia and by May 6 had captured Pilsen and Karlsbad and was approaching Prague." --F. Lee Benns, "Europe Since 1914 In Its World Setting" (New York: F.S. Crofts and Co., 1946) On a night in October 1944, a German pilot and rocket expert by the same of Hans Zinsser was flying his Heinkel 111 twin-engine bomber in twilight over northern Germany, close to the Baltic coast in the province of Mecklenburg. He was flying at twilight to avoid the Allied fighter aircraft that at that time had all but undisputed mastery of the skies over Germany. Little did he know that what he saw that night would be locked in the vaults of the highest classification of the United States government for several decades after the war. -
3-1 German Input to the Chapter on Warfare Materials.Pdf
Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission Expert Group on environmental risks of hazardous SUBMERGED 4-2016 submerged objects Tallinn, Estonia 12-14 April 2016 Document title German input to the Chapter on Warfare materials Code 3-1 Category DEC Agenda Item 3 – Warfare materials Submission date 22.3.2016 Submitted by Germany Reference Background The document includes a first draft of the translation (February 2016) of annex 10.2 of the report “Munitions in German Marine Waters - Stocktaking and Recommendations” (Effective: December, 5th, 2011) Link to the original annex 10.2 in German Language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/Berichte/anhang_10200.html Link to the report with annexes in German language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/Themen/Fachinhalte/textekarten_Berichte.html Link to the abstract in English language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/blmp_kurzbericht_2011_EN.html - abridged translation (Effective: April 2012) Source: www.underwatermunitions.de Contact: [email protected] Action requested The Meeting is invited to use the material when drafting the chapter on warfare materials. Page 1 of 1 Contribution to HELCOM SUBMERGED 5 – Tallin First draft of the translation (February 2016) of annex 10.2 of the report “Munitions in German Marine Waters - Stocktaking and Recommendations” (Effective: December, 5th, 2011) Link to the original annex 10.2 in German Language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/Berichte/anhang_10200.html Link to the report with annexes in German language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/Themen/Fachinhalte/textekarten_Berichte.html Link to the abstract in English language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/blmp_kurzbericht_2011_EN.html - abridged translation (Effective: April 2012) Source: www.underwatermunitions.de Contact: [email protected] 10.2.3.4. -
Enigma: Cruise Missiles, Rockets and Superguns – First Time Round!
ENIGMA: CRUISE MISSILES, ROCKETS AND SUPERGUNS – FIRST TIME ROUND! Dr Phil Judkins, PhD MA (Cantab) MSc, Chairman, Defence Electronics History Society Presented on Tuesday October 15th 2013 Introduction. My Xmas shopping gift tip is Martin Handford’s “Where’s Wally”, where you search among cartoon crowds to find the red-and-white sweatered hero. The game is something like intelligence work, which these days is a lot about finding the important messages among a lot of noise – Prism, Tempora and such GCHQ goodies. But suppose your enemy is capable of new technological leaps. Your problem is not only that you don’t know what to look for, but you don’t even know if they’ve even taken those leaps; your own scientists may say the leaps are impossible. So ‘Where’s Wally’ now becomes a game where you don’t know what Wally looks like, or even if he’s in the picture at all. Now, in the Second World War, England was attacked by rockets, by cruise missiles and superguns! How did we find out about this triple threat? Breaking German codes helped immensely, and this paper concerns Britain breaking German ENIGMA cypher. That was Beyond Top Secret, and was called ULTRA, the Ultra Secret. The paper deals with the little-known story of how ENIGMA code-breaks fitted together with other sources of information to defeat those cruise missile, rocket and supergun attacks. And this is absolutely not a ‘boy’s toys’ story. Most of the people who worked at Bletchley Park were women; the youngest was Mimi Galilee, aged just 14. -
Nonlinear Robust Control of an Highly Manoeuvrable Missile
“Sapienza” Universita` di Roma Facolta` di Ingegneria DIS - Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica “Antonio Ruberti” Nonlinear Robust Control of an Highly Manoeuvrable Missile supervisor: candidate: Chiar.mo Prof. Salvatore Monaco Giovanni Mattei co-supervisor: Ing. Emidio Pizzingrilli A.Y. 2010-2011 Introduction Automatics and control theory should be considered at the top of modern engineering science. Control systems are everywhere and, over time, they are going to be more and more essential (not just incidental, as happens now) for the proper functioning of any system. This thesis is about control system design for a generic air-to-air missile autopilot and guidance system. For the autopilot, a nonlinear recursive approach is proposed, beginning from a simpler, nominal, implementation to arrive, in the end, to a more complicated robust one. The first two control systems proposed are based on a wiser version of Backstepping, which uses a non-quadratic Lyapunov function to achieve in a more natural way some necessary dynamic cancellations. A faster version of these two autopilots is also designed, including nonlinear damping terms. Then, nonlinear robust control theory is introduced, highlighting the structure of the generic nonlinear uncertain system. A nonlinear robust roll autopilot is designed, including in the robust recursive approach, that shall represent the baseline for the robust versions of the autopilot, also a revisited version of Lyapunov redesign, which has no counterpart in control theory literature. For pitch and yaw dynamics are, finally, proposed the static and dynamic robust recursive designs, two rigorous and systematic approaches to the problem of controlling a nonlinear uncertain system, which seem to be well suited to handle the structure of the missile vector-fields. -
Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction Du Branch Patrimoine De I'edition
Strategy for Terror: An analysis of the progress in Allied responses to the emergence of the V-2 Rocket, 1943-1945. by Gavin James King B.A., University of Ottawa, 2002 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts In the Graduate Academic Unit of History Supervisor: Marc Milner, Ph. D., History Examining Board: Marc Milner, Ph. D., History Steven Turner, Ph. D., History Lawrence Wisniewski, Ph. D., Sociology Gary K. Waite, Ph. D., History, Chair This thesis is accepted by the Dean of Graduate Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUSWICK October, 2006 © Gavin James King, 2006 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-49691-6 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-49691-6 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats.