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Two New Species of Patelloida (Patellogastropoda: Lottiidae) from West Java, Indonesia

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Two New Species of Patelloida (Patellogastropoda: Lottiidae) from West Java, Indonesia VENUS 66 (3-4): 105-111, 2008 Two New Species of Patelloida (Patellogastropoda: Lottiidae) from West Java, Indonesia Tomoyuki Nakano1 and Aswan2 1National Museum of Nature and Science, 3-23-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan; [email protected] 2Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract: Nine species of patellogastropod limpets belonging to three families and four genera and two additional undescribed species are distributed in West Java, Indonesia. We formally name these two Patelloida species herein, based on shell and anatomical characters. Keywords: Patelloida garuda n. sp., Patelloida pseudopygmaea n. sp., Lottiidae, West Java Introduction Patellogastropod limpets are a diverse group of mollusks occurring throughout the world oceans from tropical to polar regions. The genus Patelloida reaches its highest diversity in the Australasian region (Ponder & Creese, 1980). Nine species are currently recognized in Indonesia, belonging to Cellana, Eoacmaea, Lottia, Patelloida and Scutellastra (Dharma, 1988, 2005; Nakano et al., 2005). According to Nakano et al. (2005), there are two additional yet unidentified new species in Java. Recent molecular work by Nakano & Ozawa (2007) revealed that these two species are genetically distinct from other related species, and they were temporarily named Patelloida ESU3 and Patelloida ESU4. The purpose of this paper is to describe formally these two new Patelloida species. Abbreviations: NSMT - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan Materials and Methods We collected limpets in rocky shores between Pelabuan Ratu and Jakarta, West Java, Indonesia during October, 2004. The material used in this paper was collected in the Indian Ocean at Pelabuan Ratu (06˚59.3´S, 106˚32.4´E), Karang Hawu Beach (06˚57.3´S, 106˚27.5´E), Sedekan Beach (06˚52.9´S, 106˚05´E) and Carita Beach (6˚16.32´S, 105˚49.74´E) from calcareous substrata in the high intertidal to supratidal zones and on rocky shores in the intertidal zone. For comparison, specimens of Patelloida pygmaea and Patelloida striata were collected from Tahara Bay, Aichi Prefecture and Yonaguni Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan by the first author. Living specimens were preserved in 95% ethanol. The radula was dissected and placed in 20% KOH at room temperature overnight, and rinsed in distilled water. Radulae, shell sculpture and shell microstructure were observed with a scanning electron microscope. 106 T. Nakano & Aswan Systematics Family Lottiidae Gray, 1840 Subfamily Patelloidinae Chapman & Gabriel, 1923 Genus Patelloida Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 Type species: Patelloida rugosa Quoy & Gaimard, 1834, subsequent designation by Gray (1847: 158). Remarks: According to Lindberg & Vermeij (1985), Patelloida consists of at least two groups. One group includes species characterized by a low to medium shell profile, a few strong radial ribs or many fine riblets in the shell surface and reduced third lateral radular teeth, and inhabits various substrata. The other group, which was called the P. profunda group by Christianes (1975) and Lindberg & Vermeij (1985), consists of species with a moderate to high shell profile, many riblets on the shell surface and equal-sized lateral radular teeth, and is restricted to calcareous substrata. Recently, Nakano & Ozawa (2007) assigned the P. profunda group to the new genus Eoacmaea, since it is distinct from other species of Patelloida both morphologically and genetically. Although Eoacmaea has morphological characters shared with the other group of Lottiidae, it is also genetically distant from the other lineages. Based upon these facts, Nakano & Ozawa (2007) proposed a new family, Eoacmaeidae, for Eoacmaea. Patelloida garuda n. sp. (Figs. 1A-C, 2A, 3A) Patelloida ESU4: Nakano & Ozawa, 2007, p. 82. Description: Shell (Figs. 1A-C, 2A). Shell thin low, with very thin and fragile apertural margin. Apex positioned in anterior one-fifth of shell. Anterior slope from apex to margin concave, posterior slope convex. Exterior surface ornamented with moderately spaced radial riblets and weak concentric growth lines. Colour pattern brown with irregular yellow radial markings. Central area of interior inside with brown muscle scar, area between muscle scar and shell margin bluish white. Exterior colour pattern visible from interior through shell. Interior of margin thin and dark, reflecting exterior markings. Shell consisting of four shell layers including myostracum, belonging to shell structure group G defined by Fuchigami & Sasaki (2005). Outermost layer (M+2) irregular spherulitic prismatic in structure; intermediate layer (M+1) concentric-crossed lamellar; innermost layer (M-1) radial crossed-lamellar in structure. External anatomy. Mantle light green except marginal area, covering whole dorsal area of body. Dorsal part of mantle margin slightly fringed with brown. Head part and pallial groove light yellow, but remainder of ventral area light green. Radula (Fig. 3A). Radula consisting of three pairs of lateral teeth with no marginal teeth. First lateral teeth long and narrow, with blunt cusps. Second lateral teeth remarkably elongated, with blunt cusps; inner and outer tooth margins convex. Third lateral teeth reduced in size, rounded triangular, separated from second lateral teeth except at bases. Variations: Intraspecific variation low. Colour pattern usually brown with irregular yellowish radial markings Holotype dimensions: Length 11.0 mm; width 8.9 mm; height 2.5 mm. Type materials: Holotype, NSMT-Mo 73964; paratypes, NSMT-Mo 76714-76716. Type locality: Karang Hawu Beach, Java, Indonesia (06˚57.3´S, 106˚27.5´E). Two New Species of Patelloida from Indonesia 107 Fig. 1. Shell of two Patelloida species. A-C. Patelloida garuda n. sp. A. Holotype, NSMT-Mo 73964, Karang Hawu Beach; 11.0 x 8.9 x 2.5 mm. B. Paratype #1, NSMT-Mo 76714, PelabuanRatu; 9.8 x 8.0 x 2.0 mm. C. Paratype #2, NSMT-Mo 76715, Karang Hawu Beach, 11.4 x 8.9 x 2.0 mm. D-F. Patelloida pseudopygmaea n. sp. D. Holotype, NSMT-Mo 73963, Carita Beach; 8.9 x 7.1 x 3.0 mm. E. Paratype #1, NSMT-Mo 76717, Carita Beach, 10.1 x 7.3 x 3.2 mm. F. Paratype #2, NSMT-Mo 76718, Carita Beach, 9.1 x 7.1 x 3.1 mm. Distribution: Known only from two localities, Pelabuan Ratu (06˚59.3´S, 106˚32.4´E) and Karang Hawu Beach (06˚57.3´S, 106˚27.5´E), West Java, Indonesia. Habitat: The species prefers the backside of rocks and under boulders. Etymology: Named after Garuda, a deity in an Indonesian mythology, the national emblem of Indonesia. Remarks: Patelloida garuda n. sp. can be easily distinguished from species of Eoacmaea by its shell and radular morphology. This species has a flat and fragile shell and its radula is characterized by the elongate first and second teeth and the absence of marginal teeth. Nakano et al. (2005) tentatively identified this species as Patelloida sp. cf. striata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834). Patelloida garuda n. sp., however, distinctly differs from P. striata in having a smaller and thinner shell. In addition, the new species has concentric growth lines on the exterior 108 T. Nakano & Aswan Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of shell sculpture of Patelloida. A. Patelloida garuda n. sp., holotype, NSMT-Mo 73964, Karang Hawu Beach. B. Patelloida striata, Yonaguni Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. C. Patelloida pseudopygmaea n. sp., holotype, NSMT-Mo 73963, Carita Beach, Java, Indonesia. D. Patelloida pygmaea, Tahara Bay, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. shell surface that weaker than those of P. striata (Figs. 3A, B). Furthermore, the shell of P. garuda n. sp. consists of four shell layers, but P. striata has five. Both species have clear habitat preference: P. garuda n. sp. lives on the backside of rocks and under boulders, while P. striata occurs on exposed rock surfaces. Acmaea neglecta Schepman, 1908 from the Indo-West Pacific is another species allied to P. garuda n. sp. A. neglecta can be easily distinguished from P. garuda n. sp. by the presence of brown radial rays on the shell surface. Most limpets inhabiting exposed rocky shores in Java have thick shells (e.g. P. pseudopygmaea n. sp. and Eoacmaea javanica). P. garuda n. sp. is the only species of Patelloida in Java with a fragile shell. Patelloida pseudopygmaea n. sp. (Figs. 1D-F, 2C, 3B) Patelloida ESU3: Nakano & Ozawa, 2007, p. 82. Description: Shell (Figs. 1D-F, 2C). Shell moderately thick, patelliform, and medium in height. Apex positioned centrally and pointed upright. Both anterior and posterior slopes almost straight to weakly concave. Exterior surface sculptured by broadly spaced, thick radial riblets and concentric growth lines. Colour pattern primarily of 7-12 radial brownish bands on a white Two New Species of Patelloida from Indonesia 109 Fig. 3. Radular morphology. A. Patelloida garuda n. sp., holotype, NSMT-Mo 73964. B. Patelloida pseudopygmaea n. sp., holotype, NSMT-Mo 73963. Scale = 50 µm. ground. Central area of inside with brown muscle scar. Interior margin narrow and reflecting exterior shell. Four shell layers comprising myostracum; outermost layer (M+2) of irregular spherulitic prismatic structure; intermediate layer (M+1) of concentric crossed-lamellar structure and innermost layer (M-1) of radial crossed-lamellar structure (Group G; Fuchigami & Sasaki, 2005). External anatomy. Dorsal part of mantle and pallial groove yellowish brown. Mantle margin, head, cephalic tentacles, and lateral side of foot pigmented in black. Radula (Fig. 3B). Radula consisting of three pairs of lateral teeth and two pairs of marginal teeth. First lateral teeth short, broad with blunt cusps; second lateral teeth rounded, inner and outer tooth margin convex, third lateral teeth reduced and rounded, separated from second lateral teeth except at bases. Two pairs of marginal teeth on radular membrane prominent and rounded. Variations: Shell aperture variable from oviform to oval in shape. Reddish rays present in some individuals. Holotype dimensions: Length 8.9 mm; width 7.1 mm; height 3.0 mm.
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