Philippine Philatelic Journal

The Journal of the International Philippine Philatelic Society Volume XXXVII No. 2 Second Quarter 2015

Robert F. Yacano - 1938 - 2015 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal International Philippine Philatelic Society (IPPS) Philippine Philatelic Journal (PPJ)

Official Publication of the International Philippine Philatelic Society. Dedicated to the Study and Advancement of Philippine Philately. A non-profit, non-stock educational organization incorporated in the City of , on September 24, 1974 PHILIPPINE OPERATIONS: per SEC Registration #58004. American Philatelic Society Affiliate No. 54 President: Pio S. Rodriguez Vice-President: Roberto V. Araos, Secretary/Treasurer: Antonio, 44A So Tabayoc St. Barangay Siena, 1114 Quezon City, Philippines, [email protected] Auditor: Mario Que 36 Cristobal St., 1109 Quezon City, Philippines , P.O. Box 115, 1099 Manila, Philippines, [email protected] OVERSEAS OPERATIONS:, P.O. Box 1322, Manila, Philippines Coordinator: Don Peterson Secretary/Treasurer: Richard Miggins APS Representative: Don Peterson, P.O. Box 122, Brunswick, MD 21716, USA, Tel: (001) 301-834-6419 [email protected] Auction/Mail Sale Chairman: Nigel Gooding, P.O. Box 2544, Toluka Lake, CA 91610, USA, Tel: (001) 323-876-9557 [email protected] Webmaster: Eric Casagrande, , P.O. Box 122, Brunswick, MD 21716, USA, Tel: (001) 301-834-6419 [email protected] Editor: Hans-Werner Becker, , 8 Avondale Ave., Hinchley Wood, Surrey, KT10 0DA UK [email protected] Publisher PPJ: Coy Howell, NorthP.O. Florida Box 44109, Printing Victoria, Co. Inc.,British Columbia V9A 7K1 Canada, Tel: (001) 250-857-4956 [email protected] 747, M. Pacubas Drive, Mambaling, 6000 Cebu City, Philippines, (006332) 2623602 [email protected] P.O. Drawer 850, Live Oak, FL 32064, Tel: (001) 386-362-1080 [email protected] IPPS Website: www.theipps.info

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ANOTHER EDITOR’S BIG CORNER: JOURNAL

Another sad news reached me at the beginning In this Journal we continue the series of the Uni- of April; our long time editor and IPPS Lifetime ted States Military Postal Stations Markings, this Award winner Robert “Bob” Yacano passed away, time from Cavite; very nicely written by Weston rest in peace Bob and our condolence to the family. D. Burnett. We got another new author, Mr. Gene M. Labiuk Here in the Philippines, the problem with the ad- from Canada, he sends in an article on Philippine- ditional charge of 12% VAT for Souvenir Sheets Canada Mail, 1941-1945 this was as well pub- is still not solved. Stamps are already available lished by the Canadian Postal History Society last in most of the Manila and Provincial Post Offices, summer, thanks a lot Gene and I hope you have but Souvenir sheets you can not get outside the more for publication. Manila CPO since the quantityonly printed is in ge- Eric Casagrande continues his Maligayang Pasko neral too low. series with part 4 and I hope that he will continue First Day Covers you can get at the CPO in writing. Manila, but not at the same location where you In the Spanish Period Corner, Don Peterson can get the stamps! For that, you have to go to the writes about Forgeries on Scott #97 which can 3rd floor Philatelic Section, and there the usual bring wreak and havok to you, so if you have answer is: sorry we did not get the envelopes yet! some, check it out. This is anoying, especially if you come from the Our long time author Dr. Tommy C. Sim send in an province. This is already addressed to the ma- article on Philippine Provincial Carnivals & Fairs nagement. Let’s hope that all these problems will during the USPI period, again excellently written be solved soon. and documented. Still, I am looking for more people to send in ar- At the beginning of March, we, my wife and I had ticles or even pictures with a short description of met Eric Casagrande and his family by surprise their gems, do not hide them, show them. here in the north of Cebu in a Beachresort. We had a very nice time and you can read this on Till next time page 24. Hans

3 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

TABLE OF CONTENT

Editors Corner ...... 3 Philippine Stamp Collectors Meeting Schedule ...... 4 United States Military Postal Stations: The Postal Markings of Cavite, by Weston D. Burnett ...... 5 Philippine - Canada Mail 1941-1945, by Gene M. Labiuk ...... 9 New Stamp Issues, by Hans Becker ...... 19 Philippine Collectors Meet at SPRINGPEX 2015, by Don Peterson ...... 21 Douglas K. Lehmann Collection will be sold by Eric Jackson, International Revenue Dealer ...... 21 From the Collection of Nigel Gooding ...... 22 Donations to IPPS by Members, from Rick Miggins ...... 23 Editor Meets New Webmaster in Cebu, by H. Becker & E. Casagrande ...... 24 Robert F. Yacano, 1935-2015 ...... 25 Maligayang Pasko-Merry Christmas, Part 4, by Eric Casagrande ...... 26 New IPPS Members, by Rick Miggins ...... 36 Classified Ads ...... 36 The Spanish Period Corner, by Don Peterson: Forgeries Can Wreak Havoc ...... 37 Three Major Upcoming Auctions will Feature the Collection of Robert Yacano ...... 40 The Provincial Carnivals and Fairs During The USPI Period, by Dr. Tommy C. Sim ...... 41 Eric Glohr to Discuss Hawaii Postal Cards at APS STAMPSHOW, Grand Rapids, Michigan, Aug. 22, 2015 ...... 52 Varieties on Republic Stamps, by Rey Ong ...... 53 NY2016 INTERNATIONAL STAMP EXHIBITION, Update #2 ...... 55

2015 Philippine Stamp Collectors Meeting Schedule *

Philippine Collectors (Sponsored by International Philippine Philatelic Society) Meeting, Date/Time/ Show Name/ IPPS Program ** Location/Show Dates Meeting Contact

Saturday, June 6, 2015 NAPEX Don Peterson Program: “Philatelic Gems from the Philippine Spanish Period” by Don Peterson June 5-7, 2015 McLean, VA [email protected] Hilton McLean, 7920 Jones Branch (301) 834-6419 Saturday, August 22, 2015 APSDrive STAMPSHOW (Tysons Corner), Don Peterson Program: TBD Location: De Vos Place, AugustGrand Rapids, 20-23, MI2015 [email protected] (301) 834-6419 Saturday, September 5, 2015 BALPEX Program: TBD Don Peterson

SeptemberHunt Valley, 4-6,MD 2015 Hunt Valley Inn, [email protected] (301) 834-6419 Don Peterson Pio Rodriguez * To schedule or revise a meeting, contact , 301-834-6419, or [email protected] for U.S. meetings; or , [email protected] for meetings in the Philippines. ** All programs include “show-and-tell”. At most shows, there is an evening dinner get-together at a local restaurant.

4 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 UNITED STATES MILITARY POSTAL STATIONS: THE POSTAL MARKINGS OF CAVITE

By Weston D. Burnett

Seventh in a series, the other parts appeared in PPJ, Vol. XVIII, 3rd Quarter, 1996; Vol. XIX, 2nd Quarter, 1997; Vol. XIX 4th Quarter, 1997; Vol. XX, 1st Quarter, 1998; Vol. XX, 2nd Quarter, 1998; Vol. XXXVII 1st Quarter 2015.

After capturing Manila from the Spanish following the had made progress toward the formation of an staged battle on August 13, 1898, the United States’ policy independent Philippine Republic. Independence was de- was to take and hold territory ceded by the Spanish. This clared in Cavite on June 12, 1898, and the Filipinos assisted consisted mainly of the city of Manila and parts of Cavite in the defeat of the Spanish by confining them to Manila, province. The battle on August 13, 1898 was completely even though they were not allowed to enter Manila after unnecessary, as the armistice was signed on August 12. the “battle” on August 13. Philippine Independence Day However, news of this event could not be communicated was celebrated on July 4 from 1946 to 1962.This was to Manila on time because Dewey had cut the telegraphic changed to June 12 in 1963; July 4th was changed to “Filipi- cable linking Manila to the outside world after the May 1, no-American Friendship Day.” 1898 Battle of Manila Bay. A summary of the terms of the protocol ending the Spanish American War is contained in Meanwhile, Postal Agent F.W. Vaille, together with two Halstead, Murat, The History of American Expansion, The clerks, George 2F. Conway and E.M. Kelly, had arrived in Ma- United Subscription Book Publishers of America, 1898. The nila Bay on board the second expedition that sailed from protocol allowed the United States to “occupy and hold the San Francisco. On arrival, their mission was promptly an- city, bay and harbor of Manila pending the conclusion of a nounced the same day to the commanding officers of the treaty of peace, which shall determine the control, disposi- Army and Navy and a request was made to have their sup- tion, and government of the Philippines.” plies landed at once. Because the movement of the troop supplies was considered of greater importance and the Acquisition of Philippine territory was not among the ob- quartermaster department had but a limited supply of tugs jectives of the United States when war was declared on and lighters, there was a delay of about two weeks in doing earlier in April, and even in the summer American this. During those two weeks, they gathered up mail and policy was unclear. Many Americans had not even heard sent it to the United States in various transports. On July of the Philippines and could not locate Manila on the map. 30, Postal Agent Vaille, his clerks, safe and supplies were Certainly, President McKinley’s thoughts about the new landed and the first office was opened at Cavite on July 30, territory were unformed. One early proposal was to ob- 1898. A few days after the office opened at Cavite a substa- tain only a coaling station at Manila Bay. During the era of tion was opened at Camp Dewey. coal burning ships, a coaling station in the Philippines was essential to extend the military presence of the American Postal Agent Vaille remained at Cavite until the morning of Navy to the Far East. August 13, 1898, when he embarked on a transport to wit- ness the taking of Manila and arrange for speedy transfer From the date of the armistice between the United States of their effects to Manila our occupation as possible. He and Spain on August 12, 1898 to the negotiations leading reported that he was able to land and enter Manila an hour to the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, or more before any of our soldiers entered the city and the American policy over the Philippines underwent a radi- soon thereafter succeeded in finding the Manila Post Of- cal change. American business, which was a natural Repub- fice. There he was courteously received and shown around lican constituency, made arguments for the acquisition of the office where he slept that night. On Sunday morning, the country based on commercial motives, and with an eye August 14, he secured a detail of two soldiers and placed to using it as a stepping stone to the vast markets of China. them on guard in the post office with instructions not to in- Thus, American policy evolved towards acquisition of the terfere with the work of the Spanish employees, but to see entire Philippine archipelago, including Sulu. This demand that nothing was removed from the post office. He returned was initially rejected1 by the Spanish, but Spanish acquies- to Cavite that afternoon to hasten the transfer of safe and cence was finally obtained, made easier by the payment of supplies and secure sufficient of the latter to enable him to $20,000,000. dispatch mail by steamer expected to leave at once for the United States. While the fate of the Philippines was under negotiation, the United States forces subscribed to a wait and see attitude, maintaining a precarious relationship with the indigenous population. Even before the fall of Manila in August, the 5 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal 4

The Branch Station at Cavite was officially established on The following are the recorded postmarks used in Cavite. September 7, 1898, to provide mail facilities for the First Based on the format in the first part of this series, postage Division of the 8th Army Corps. From then on, there was due and auxiliary markings are included in the list. almost daily exchange of mail with Manila.

DS1

. Double-ring rubber date stamp with all capital letters, 33 mm, with 16 mm triple bulls-eye killer. Struck in black. Earliest date: July 30, 1898 Latest date: August 12, 1898

DS2

. Double-straight-line date stamp with all capital let- ters except last two letters of “Cal”. Makeshift rubber let- tering: 5mm tall for capital letters, 64mm (first line) and 52 mm (second line). Struck in violet. Earliest date: September 7, 1898 DS3Latest date: November 22, 1898

. As in DS2, but with “NO.2” replacing “NO.1,” “CAL” re- placing “Cal” and the month (first three letters) upper and lower case. 4mm tall for capital letters, 56 mm (first line) and 50 mm (second line). Struck in violet. Earliest date: October 25, 1898 DS4Latest date: December 21, 1898

. Single-ring rubber/steel date stamp, 25 mm tall, with “2” barrel killer, 31 mm tall, mm wide. “PHIL. ISL’DS” re- placed “P.I.” “U.S.” dropped. (March 8, 1899) with stamps at the back cancelled by DS2, and as a receiving mark (Feb. 23, 1899) on incoming mail. Struck in black. Earliest date: October 25, 1898 Latest date: November 18, 1899

DS5

. Single-ring rubber/steel date stamp, 30 mm tall, with nine-bar barrel killer, 25 mm tall. Struck in black. Earliest date: March 23, 1899 Latest date: October 27, 1901

DS6

. Single-ring steel date stamp, 30 mm tall, with “P” in- serted between “MIL” and “STA”. Three-bar killer, 12 x 9 mm. “P.I.” replaced “PHILIPPINE ISLANDS”. Struck in black. Earliest date: April 27, 1899 Latest date: July 13, 1899

6 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

DS7

. Single-ring steel date stamp, 30 mm tall, with nine- bar barrel killer, 26 mm tall. Permanent steel date stamp used with 3introduction of civil government. Struck in black. Earliest: July 15, 1902 (civil government established Jun 11, 1901) Latest: Used well into civil government period

RC1

. Single-ring steel date stamp designed like DS3, 29 mm tall, with “PHIL. ISLDS” on right side and “REC’D” at the bot- tom Struck in black. Earliest date: October 7, 1899 Latest date: September 28, 1901

RC2

. Single-ring steel date stamp designed like RC1, 29 mm tall, with “CAVITE REC’D” and “CAVTE, P.I.” instead of “MIL. STA. NO. 2 CAVITE, PHIL.ISL’DS REC’D”. Struck in black. Earliest date: December 21, 1901

RG1

. Quadruple straight line date stamp, 25 mm high and 48 to 31 mm long. Struck in . Earliest date: July 13, 1899 Latest date: May 26, 1902

RG2

. Triple straight line date stamp, 19 mm high and 42 to 37 mm long. Struck in violet. Earliest date: May 26, 1902 Latest date: July 16, 1902 RG3

. As in RG1, but with only bottom two straight line date stamp, 9 mm high and 55 to 39 mm long. Struck in violet. Earliest date: Unknown

PD1

. Rubber “POSTAGE. DUE, 2 CTS.” 52 mm long, in block capital letters, 4 mm tall. Used with DS5. Struck in purple. Earliest date: May 22, 1899

AX1

. Triple vertical line obliterator, 17 x 10 mm. Used with RG1. Struck in black. Earliest date: April 17, 1899 Latest: November 6, 1899 7 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

AX2

. Cross roads killer, 30 x 30 mm used with RG1. Struck in black. Earliest date: October 21, 1901

AX3

. Four pedal obliterator, 22 x 22 mm with RG2. Struck on black Earliest date: June 13, 1902

Although the series of articles on postal markings for the Military Postal Stations have not generally listed unit stamps, there is one remarkable one of note that bears mention for Cavite’s substation of Camp Dewey, where the First Regiment California, US Volunteers, was first located:

Quadruple “Camp Dewey” straight line stamp for unit sol- dier’s endorsement, 51 mm tall, 82 mm to 52 mm wide. Struck in violet. Earliest date: July 26, 1898

The foregoing list is most likely incomplete. Collectors of this area and other readers are encouraged to look into their collections with a view of adding types not included in this article, and/or extending the earliest and latest dates. Infor- mation should be sent to the author at 6819 Stockwell Manor Drive, Falls Church, VA 22043 or [email protected]. Postage and photocopy (preferably color) costs to be reimbursed, and credits to be attributed. (CopyrightReferences: reserved 1) An excellent by the author) account of the evolution of American thinking and policy is detailed in Karnow, Stanley, In Our Image: The American Empire in the Philippines, Random House, 1989. 2) Report of the Postmaster Agent for the Philippine Island Military Postal Service, October 12, 1898, Report of the Post- master General October 12, 1898, at 142; Goodale, George S., “U.S. Military Postal Stations in the Philippines (1898-1904), Cyclopedia of United States Postmarks, edited by Delf Norona, Quarterman Publications, Lawrence, MA, 1975 at 43 3) This is an arbitrary cut-off, and is based on President Theodore Roosevelt’s official declaration of the end of the war. While civil government had been introduced well before this date in many places, there were many areas where military rule was still in force. Fighting continued for the next few years, with hostilities in Samar province being the best known because of atrocities on both sides. 4) Baker, Philip E., Postal Markings of United States Military Stations, 1898-1902, 1963

The three authors would like to acknowledge the help from other Philippine specialists, specially the opportunity to view actual covers or photocopies of collections of Craig Eggleston, Robert F. Yacano and Robert C. Hoge.

8 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 PHILIPPINE–CANADA MAIL 1941–1945 by Gene M. Labiuk

World War II had profound effects on Canada’s trans-Pacific mails. After Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and the subsequent invasions, mail patterns generally followed one of two paths: continuation of mail service (e.g., to and from Australasia) or cessation of regular mail service until the end of the war (e.g., Hong Kong and Japan). Canada– China mails continued but via trans-Atlantic routes, not trans-Pacific. Mails between Canada and the Philippine Islands during this period, which demonstrate a much more complicated pattern, are the subject of this article.

With the outbreak of hostilities in Europe in 1939, Canada ber 11, 1945] that in January 1941 an agreement was made declared war on Nazi Germany and the Axis powers on Sep- with the U.S. POD for all mails for Canada coming in via the tember 10, 1939.1 Civil censorship of the mails commenced U.S. west coast ports to be routed to Vancouver. In June on September 3, 1939, seven days prior to Canada’s decla- 1940, the Vancouver censor station was 1opened for exami- ration of war. The United States, its Territories, and Pos- nation of mail to and from South America and the Orient. sessions were neutral at the outbreak of WW II, and their Vancouver had 57 examiners in 1941. However, letters mails exchanged with Canada were not censored. They en- from and to the Philippines were not censored in Canada tered the war after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Decem- then. Figure 1 ber 7, 1941, and Canadian censoring was imposed. My first three covers — one surface and two air mail — During the 1930s–40s, the main means of communica- demonstrate this fact. is an uncensored, short- tion between countries was via the mail. Air mail was in paid cover to Joliette, Quebec from Fort Stotsenburg, post- its infancy; cheaper and usually slower surface mail was marked June 21, 1941. It was paid 6 centavos, so was short the norm. This article deals with the mails between Canada paid 6 centavos because the foreign rate was 12 centavos. and the Philippines from 1941 to the end of the war in the It is marked 30 centimes postage due (equal to 6¢ double Pacific — a period having major changes in mail routes. The deficiency). This cover was probably brought to San Fran- Uncensored/Censoredgreatest changes occurred Mail just after – Surface/Air December 7, Mail 1941. cisco by a steamship of the American President Line (APL), although after October 1940 freighters of the reconstituted American Mail Line occasionally carried Philippines– Canada mails. District Director G.H. Clarke in Vancouver reported [Septem-

Figure 1. Short-paid surface cover from Fort Stotsenburgh (June 21, 1941) to Quebec; not censored.

9 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal Figure 2

shows an uncensored trans-Pacific Clipper cover from Van- couver to Davao, P.I. via San Fran- cisco, mailed on February 10, 1941 and rated 75¢. It was backstamped at Manila on February 18, 1941 in transit and at Davao, Philippines on February 25, 1941 on arrival.

Figure 2. Uncensored air mail cover from Vancouver (February 10, 1941) to Davao, Philippines

Figure 3

presents an uncensored all-up-air rated cover (1 Peso 36 centavos) from Manila, Novem- ber 17, 1941 to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The rate was 1 peso for the air clipper to San Francisco and 36 centavos (18¢) air to Canada. The Clipper left Manila on November 18, 1941 and arrived at San Francisco on November 27, after being delayed at Wake Island with engine problems. Thus, by air mail, this cover would have reached its des- tination in Canada before December 7. The last complete eastbound flight of the Clipper service from the Philippines to San Francisco left Manila on December 1 and arrived at San Francisco on December 6.

Figure 3. All up air-rated, uncensored cover from Manila to Toronto, Ontario, mailed November 17, 1941.

Outbreak of War in the Pacific

Clarke in Vancouver reported [on September 11, 1945] that in January 1941 an agreement was made with the U.S. Post The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii occurred on Office Department for all mails for Canada coming in via the December 7, 1941 Their attack on the Philippines, Hong U.S. west coast ports to be routed to Vancouver. Previously, Kong, and other southeast Asian nations was on the same Figuremail for 4 eastern Canada had been sent east by U.S. trans- day (the attack on the southeast Asian nations was on De- continental railways. cember 8, because these countries were west of the In- shows a short-paid cover sent to Canada by sur- ternational Date Line). Japan declared war on the United face. It should have been paid 12 centavos, but was paid States, Britain, and Canada on December 7, with the U.S., only 6 centavos and was not taxed for short payment. It was Britain, and Canada declaring war on Japan on December posted to Pointe Claire, Quebec at Davao on November 11, 8. Philippine mail in transit to North America now became 1941, and redirected in Montreal on December 29. It was censorable, as shown by the next two covers. The censor censored in Vancouver by Examiner 267. This cover prob- tapes used at Vancouver during WW II were numbered 151 ably travelled by steamship to San Francisco and then — to10 199, 251 to 300, and 326 to 338. District Director G. H. after December 7 — by train to Vancouver for censoring. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

Figure 4. Short-paid surface-rated cover from Davao to Quebec, November 11, 1941, censored in Vancouver.

Figure 5

illustrates a cover rated 12 centavos (the correct surface rate), posted to Toronto at Manila on November 21, 1941. Its route was similar to the cover in Figure 4. It was censored upon arrival in Vancouver by censor number 270. Presumably it wasPresident carried Coolidge in the last peacetime sailing from Manila — by the APL’s US Army Trans-, portdeparting Hugh on L. November Scott 27th inUSS a Louisville.convoy with2 the and the

Lee Dowsley has two similar late Figure 5. 1941 censored covers from the Censored surface-rated cover from Manila to Toronto, mailed in the Philippines Philippine Islands. The first is a on November 21, 1941. surface cover from Manila (No- vember 7, 1941) to Victoria, B.C. It was examined by Vancouver Cen- sor #272 and sealed with his white paper closer label. The This cover was posted at Victoria, B.C. on October 30, 1941. second is from Fort Mills, Corregidor first posted on No- It was held in Vancouver because no ship was available vember 17, 1941, returned to sender for additional post- to carry mail at this time. After December 7, a blue MAIL age, and re-posted on November 24, 1941 for delivery, via SERVICE SUSPENDED postmark and a redirection ‘Return- surface mail, to New Westminster, B.C. It was examined and to-Writer’ mark were stamped on the cover. Censor tape closed with a cello closer label by Vancouver Censor #281. number C. 280 was applied at Vancouver. The cover was Mail from Canada: Service Suspended backstamped in green with a rectangular Inspection Di- vision / Dead Letter Office / May 21, 1941 / No. 4 / Ot- tawa, Canada. The intended receiver, Robert H. Jones, was interned at Santo Tomas as a Civilian Internee. I also own a On December 8, 1941, the Canadian Post Office Depart- cover from Toronto (December 24, 1941) addressed to Ma- ment issued an order that all trans-Pacific mail should be nila that underwent similar Service-Suspended treatment.3 held until further notice. With the entry of Japan and the If Canadian senders submitted their returned covers to United States into World War II, surface mail across the the Post Office Department, their postage was refunded . North Pacific ended for the duration of the war. Any Cana- These covers intended for trans-Pacific bearing MAIL SER- dian mail addressed to the Philippines was censored, held, VICE SUSPENDED marks are scarce, and worth much more and eventually returned to its sender afterFigure being 6 marked than the few cents that could have been returned to their MAIL SERVICE SUSPENDED with straightline postmarks, senders had they been submitted for the refund of postage.11 as seen on a cover addressed for Manila . Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Figure 6. Service-suspended cover addressed from Victoria to Manila, mailed October 30, 1941.

Japanese Occupation of the Philippines – Civilian Internees Figure 8 Japanese ships then took the mail to Shimonoseki and it then went overland to Tokio for forwarding. illus- trates a cover dated December 29, 1943 from St. Thomas, On January 3, 1942, Japanese forces arrived in Manila and Ontario to an American civilian internee at Santo Tomas took control of the city. On January 9, 1942, a proclama- Camp, presumably carried via the Teheran–trans-Siberi- tion was issued by General Homma ordering enemy aliens an route. The addressee, Miss Lillian Ross, was believed to turn themselves over to Japanese Army authorities. In to be a missionary working in the Philippines. The cover all, there were 6,399 foreign civilians interned in civilian was opened and sealed with U.S. censor tape and hand- internee4 camps, of which 126 were Canadians: 61 interned stamped with the large purple circular U.S. CENSORSHIP / at Santo Tomas, 56 interned at Los Banos, and 9 at Baguio EXAMINED BY7 520 marking. The U.S. censorship suggests camp . that the cover was taken to the United States on its way to At noon on May 6, 1942, General Wainwright left the tun- London. Boyle comments that air mail letters for POWs in nels of Corregidor to surrender to the Japanese. This sur- Japan were carried weekly to Teheran by the U.S. Army Air render ended American military resistance and allowed Transport Command. the Japanese total control of the Philippines. No Canadian military personnelM.S. Gripsholm were interned in any of the Prisoner of War camps. The Swedish made two exchangeGripsholm’s voyages during the war, and a small amount of mail to and from the TeiaPhilippines Maru was carried on her trips. To meet the voyage, on September 26, 1943 the5 Japanese exchange ship left SanTeia Fernando, Maru Philippines with repatriated civilians (including 15 Canadians) . Prior to arriving in the Philippines, the left Japan, transited Shanghai, and Hong Kong and after Manila continued on to Saigon M.S.and Singapore.Gripsholm In total, 1,724 repatriated allied civilian in- ternees were exchanged at Mormugao,Gripsholm Goa, India with the , which was carrying 1,517 Japanese and 8 other nationals from New York.Figure The 7 arrived at Jersey City on December 3, 1943 with the repatriated civil- ian interneesGripsholm and6 the mail. shows a repatriated Canadian civilian internee being processed after arriving Figure 7. on the . There are no covers known to have been Photo of a repatriated Canadian civilian internee being written by former Canadian internees en route while being processed upon his arrival in Jersey City on the M.S. exchanged. Gripsholm. In the summer of 1942, an improved mail path was estab- -COURTESY OF LCMSDS.6 lished. The route was to Japan by air from Britain to Te- heran, Iran, then by rail to the Trans-Siberian Railway. The 12mail went east by rail to Chita in southeastern Siberia, and then to Pusan, Korea by the Trans-Manchurian Railway. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

Figure 8. Cover from St. Thomas, Ontario (December 29, 1943) to a civilian internee at Santo Tomas camp in Manila.

Liberation of the Philippines have been a liaison officer for the Royal Canadian Army. APO 96 was based at Mindoro, Philippines at the time he On October 20, 1944, the United States and her allies com- wrote this cover. This is the only known cover written by a menced the shelling and landings on the beaches of Leyte. memberAPO Mails of the to andCanadian from military Canada in the Philippines. There were no Canadian military personnel directly in- volved in the landings. Canadian army personnel of the No. 1 Special Wireless Group, Royal Canadian Corps of Signals and the Canadian Radar Detachment, Royal Canadian Army Mail to and from American military personnel was to have were integrated into the Australian military during WW II rank, name, personal military identification number, unit, and thus served wherever the Australians were stationed. and an APO number, as well as “c/o Postmaster, San Fran- The Australian air force had an air base established at San cisco, Calif.” This information was to enable American post- Jose, Mindoro in 1945, in which members of the Canadian Figureal staff to10 direct the mail to the proper sorting facility and Radar Detachment and No. 1 Special Wireless were based. the U.S. Army then to forward it to the proper combat unit. FigureThe radar 9 unit left Mindoro in June of 1945. No covers are shows a cover sent to APO 73 c/o P.M. San Fran- known from members of either military unit. cisco, Calif. posted at Toronto on July 26, 1945. The V-Mail shows a cover from Lt. Col. M. E. Paul Garneau, Ca- is from a wife vacationing in Toronto to her husband in the nadian Infantry Corps, HQ 96 Inf. Div. (G-3 section), APO 96 Philippines. At this time, APO 73 was at Batangas, P.I. The c/o P(ost) M(aster), San Francisco, Calif. dated August 16, rate for air mail to San Francisco was 10¢.Figure 11 1945, with a U.S. Navy cancel, officer-censored by himself. Mail from military personnel in the Philippines to Canada The U.S. 96th Infantry Division had returned to the Philip- was rated 6¢, the same as it was to the U.S. shows pines after the capture of Okinawa, and were beginning to a cover to Caroline, Alberta from APO 72 postmarked De- train for the invasion of Japan. Col. Garneau is believed to cember 30, 1944. It was censored with the black rectangu-

Figure 9. A cover written by a member of the Canadian army attached to the U.S. 96th Infantry Division, August 16, 1945.

13 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

lar PASSED BY U S / ARMY EXAMINER and backstamped January 11, 1945 at Caroline. APO 72 was at Tacloban, Leyte, P.I. during the war. I also have a cover from a Chaplain at APO 72 — dated July 23, 1945 — to Ontario. It reached Windsor on August 1, 1945. Chaplains and of- ficers were able to censor their own mail, as was done in this case. Figure 10. A cover posted at Toronto (July 26, 1945) to APO 73 in the Philippines.

Figure 11. A cover posted at APO 72, De- cember 30, 1944, to Caroline, Alberta.

Figure 12. Censored Canadian cover from Kingston, Ontario (February 3, 1945) to a liberated civilian internee in Manila.

14 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 Japan Surrenders

U.S. and allied forces began transporting liberated POWs On August 15, 1945, Japan agreed to un-conditional sur- from their camps to relocations camps and then home. render to the allied forces, with formal surrender ceremo- Those British and Commonwealth forces healthy enough nies to be held on Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945. Japa- to be moved were taken to various Repatriation/Replace- nese military personnel across Asia laid down their arms ment camps in either Singapore, Malaysia, or Manila. Liber- and were taken prisoner. Allied POWs were now free and ated POWs — British and Commonwealth personnel from the process of reuniting them with theirHMCS families Prince and Robert coun- Japan, Hong Kong, Korea and China — were brought to Ma- tries began. nila. Those who were too ill to make the trip were tended When Japan agreed to surrender, the to by American medical personnel in Japan or on hospital was given its choices of three scenarios: proceed to Tokyo ships. for official surrender ceremonies,Prince return Robert to Esquimalt, U.S. forces had built two of these Repatriation/Replace- B.C., or proceed to Hong Kong for the surrender of Japa- ment camps outside Manila, some 20 miles away from nese forces in Hong Kong. The proceededM.V. to the city. Each camp had accommodation for some 4000 AwateaHong Kong for the surrender of the Japanese forces there. personnel as well as medical centres and entertainment The Prince Robert was thePrince ship thatRobert had escorted the facilities. After fatteningFigure up, de-licing, 14 and receiving a bill , which took the troops to Hong Kong in 1941. On of health, these personnel were then scheduled to return FigureSeptember 13 20, 1945, the left HongH. M. Kong C. SHIP. for home to6 their country. shows Canadian liberated Manila, carrying liberated POWs and civilians. POWs outside a tent at one of the repatriation camps near showsHMCS a cover Prince hand Robert stamped FROMPrince Robert Manila. I believe it was carried out of China by priests and posted Six members of the Royal Canadian Army, No. 1 Special on boardPrince the Robert , as the was Wireless, were transferred to these camps for the repatria- the only Canadian ship8 in these waters at the time. Records tion of the Canadians. At these camps, Australia had a team of the state that they carried priests from Figurethat processed 15 the British and other members of the Com- OperationHong Kong to Magic Manila Carpet. – monwealth forces. Repatriation of Liberated POWs shows a Canadian Air Letter sent from Manila to Winnipeg, hand stamped “Liberated Prisoner of War Mail Postage Free”. It was written on September 17, 1945 by Ma- jor K.G. Baird, whose name is on the back of the air letter. Operation Magic Carpet, which was initiated in Europe af- ter the surrender of the Nazis, now took place in Asia. Oper- ation Magic Carpet was the code name for the repatriation of liberated POWs to their home country.

Figure 13. Cover marked FROM H. M. C. SHIP, believed to be carried out of China by priests (Obalate Missionaries) on the HMCS Prince Robert. 15 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Figure 14. Figure 15. A photo of Canadian liberated POWs outside a tent at a Air letter written at Manila Camp by repatriation camp near Manila. Major K.G. Baird, September 17, 1945. – courtesy of LCMSDS.6

Figure Esquimalt, B.C. transporting 41 liberated Canadian The message of this air letter reads: 17 HMCS Prince Robert Manila, P.I. POWs,arriving at Esquimalt on October 20, 1945. Sept. 17th, 45 is a photograph of arriving in Es- Dear Orville USSquimalt. Admiral Rodman USS Gosper Other ships that brought repatriatedUSS Admiral POWs C.F. Hughesto Canada were Have never been able to write a letter to you before. The nips HMS (to Implacable Vancouver October 7), weren’t very co-operative. (to Victoria October 12), 9 (to Vic- HMS Glory We arrived here from Hong Kong five days ago and have toria October 9), (to Esquimalt October been spending most of our time in eating and sleeping under 11),Figure and 18 (to Esquimalt October 27) . Seven shipsHMS most agreeable circumstances. We still have a lot to make up Glorytook civilian internees and repatriated POWs to California.Glory as far as eating goes and believe me we are working hard at shows a photo of the British aircraft carrier it and getting results too. Have gained 20 pounds in the past arriving at Esquimalt on October 27, 1945. The five weeks. Now weigh 145. We expect to sail from Manila transported 1,460 liberated POWs, of which there were 37 tomorrow for home. You can imagine how pleased we are. We Canadians who were ill and 119 who were fit. are in an American camp, believe me the Yanks know how to Resumption of Mail Services do things in the right way. They have a system and work it, the results are astounding. They know what they want done and do it. Their equipment seems to be limitless and one can While the war with Japan was still Figurecontinuing 19 with ongoing readily understand why the Nips folded up so soon after the fighting in the Philippines, foreign mail was accepted at the Americans got organized and under way. Manila post office on May 1, 1945. shows a 2 cen- I hope you have been in the best of health and getting tavos VICTORY imprinted post card along with a 4 centavos your fair share of business. I received one thousand ciga- VICTORY overprinted stamp with a purple oval First Day rettes from the company. They were most gratefully received Cancel from Manila (MANILA POST OFFICE / MAY 1, 1945 I can tell you. Please pass on my sincere thanks for them. / FIRST DAY COVER) to Montreal, Canada, rated 6 centavos. Will be seeing you soon. The back of the post card — from the Arfan Stamp Com- Yours, pany in Manila — has a printed price list dated April 28, K. G Baird. 1945. It shows the prices for purchasing Japanese Occupa- Figuretion stamps 20 of the Philippines. The card was censored, as shown by the purple P.C. (Postal Censor) shield handstamp. With the piers at Manila harbour destroyed and the re- shows a cover to Montreal postmarked at Manila mains of Japanese naval craft in the harbour, transporting on June 3, 1945, rated 30 centavos. The foreign rate was 12 centavos per single rate. This cover may have been made Figureships were 16 anchored in Manila Bay and small craft were up of 5 times the U.S. rate of 6 centavos = 30 centavos; it used to ferry thoseHMCS going Princehome fromRobert the piers to the ships. shows an unidentified Canadian officer being has no short-payment markings. It bears a clear MIL. CEN. CIVIL MAILS tape as well as the Postal Censor shield hand- helped aboard the Prince Robert after he was ferried out by a smaller U.S. naval craft. stamp. At this time, mail from the Philippines was flown to 16 the U.S. by the military and placed into the U.S. postal ser- On October 2, 1945, the left Manila for vice, then transported to the destination by a surface route. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

Figure 16. Photo of an unidentified Canadian officer being helped aboard the HMCS Prince Robert. - 6

COURTESY OF LCMSDS.

Figure 17. Photo of HMCS Prince Robert arriving at Esquimalt, B.C. - 6

COURTESY OF LCMSDS.

Figure 18. Photo of the British aircraft carrier HMS Glory arriving at Esquimalt, B.C. - 6

COURTESY OF LCMSDS.

17 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Figure 19. Post card to Montreal, postmarked at Manila May 1, 1945

Figure 20. Large commercial cover from Manila to Montreal, dated June 3, 1945.

FOOTNOTE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Two photographs of members of the RCAF serving in the I would like to thank Lee Dowsley and Gray Scrimgeour for Philippines are available at the Australian War Memorial their helpful suggestions. web site: http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/017841/ http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P00082.001/ REFERENCESRCAF was there in World War II.

British Empire Civil Censorship Devices, World War II

1. La Posta, , Section 7, Canada & Newfoundland, edited by Peter C. Burrows, Civil Censorship Study Group (2010). 2. Vol. 35, No. 5 (October-November 2004). Pages 34-48, “Mail Before the Fall: Correspondence from U.S. Military Forces in Thethe Philippines,Liberation Bulletin December 1941 to May 1942” by R.F. Helbock. 3. Library and ArchivesA Postal HistoryCanada, of RG3, the JapaneseC-2, vol. 2757, Occupation reel T-1676, of the Philippinesfiles 35-15-1 1942-1945 and 35-15-3. 4. , published by civilian internees at Santo Tomas upon their liberation on February 3, 1945. 5. E.A. Garrett, Airmail Operations during World War II, . Pine Hill Press, Inc. (1992). 6. Photos courtesy of the Laurier Centre for Military Strategic and Disarmament Studies, “LCMSDS”. 7. T.H. Boyle Jr., American Air Mail Society, Mineola, N.Y. (1998) p. 78. 8. www.airmuseum.ca/rcn/roberto4.html 9. www.britain-at-war.org.uk/ww2/Transport_Home/html/ships_names.htm This article is being re-published with the kind permission of the Postal History Society of Canada and appeared in their Summer 2014 issue of their Journal, No. 158.

18 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 NEW STAMP ISSUES 2015

Unless otherwise stated, all stamps are printed by Amstar Company Inc., Litho-Offset (4 colors) on imported, unwater- Feb. 19, 2015 - Year of the Goat, Special Souvenir marked paper, Perf. 14; all stamps and souvenir sheets are depicted at 80% of their original size. Sheet of Three (actual Date: March 10, 2015) P200 - 5,000 p 50-Year of the Horse p100- Year of the Goat p 50-Year of the Monkey

Litho-Offset, 3-D Embossing with Gold Hot Stamping, by Thai-British Security Printers size: 140 x 90 mm

Feb. 24, 2015 - Liceo de Cagayan University, 60th Anniversary P10 - 104,000

March 20, 2015 - Private Mailing Center Stamps P10 - 110,000 March 12, 2015 - Philippine Fruits, Definitives P15 - 110,000 P1 - 3,500,000 (Banana) size 25x25mm all Perf. 13½ March 25, 2015 - Visit the P100 - 250,000 (Cashew Fruit) size 30x30mm Philippines Year All Fruit stamps are Perf.: 13½ P10 - 104,000; size: 25x50mm

March 27, 2015 - Tutubi (Dragonflies) of the Philippines shown in 60% of original size P10MS9 - 22,000; Souvenir Sheet P40 - 5,000

19 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

April 20, 2015 - 450th Anniversary of the finding of Santo Niño April 20, 2015 - Emmanuel “Manny” Pacquiao P10 - 400,000; P10 - 500,000; Souvenir Sheet: P200 - 30,000 Souvenir Sheet: P40 - 30,000 ( shown in 70% of original size) 21k Gold Ink, 3D embossed; Printer: SCG-Philippines Size: 90 x 90mm (shown in 70% of original size)

April 20, 2015 - Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA), 20th Anniversary P10 - 104,000; P200 Souvenir Sheet did not arrive until now.

April 24, 2015 - Philippine Mythical Creatures - Taipei 2015 Philippine April 20, 2015 - (shown in 60% of original size) Children’s Medical Center, P10x4 - 5,000; (sold for P150) 35th Anniversary P10 - 104,000;

ORDER FORM To the Manager PostShop, Philatelic and Museum Division Business Lines Department OAPMG for Marketing and Management Support Services Philippine Postal Corporation Liwasang Bonifacio 1000 Manila PH Telephone: (+63-2) 5270132 e-mail: [email protected]

phlpostage ppostofficial

Sir / Madam: Enclosed herewith is a Bankdraft/ Postal Money Order in the amount of $______/P______for which please send me the following: ______

NAME: ______ADDRESS: ______www.phlpost.gov.ph 20 You may purchase Philippine stamps & Philatelic Products online, Please check our website for more details Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Collectors Meet at SPRINGPEX 2015

by Don Peterson SPRING- PEX 2015 Mac Douglas K. Lehmann ElevenSarreal Philippine collectors and friends met at A moment of silence and reflection was held in honor of , Springfield, Virginia, on March 7, 2015. , renowned authority on Philip- presented a Power Point presentation on theRichard “do’s pine revenue issues, who passed on September 3, 2014. Smalland don’ts” regarding the settlement and“Philippine disposition Ma of- A packed,Don standing Peterson room only memorial service for Mr. chinea stamp Cancels collection Under afterAmerican a collector Administration” has passed. Lehmann was held in Falls Church, Virginia, on March 15, introduced his new monograph on “Philip- 2015. gave a summary of upcoming Phil- pine Book Store” Philippine Philatelic (2014). Journals De- ippine philatelic events, including Philippine activities at tails on how to obtain the monograph will be in the NY2016, the international exhibition, in New York City, May in upcoming . 28-June 4, 2016.

Participants at Philippine Meeting at SPRINGPEX 2015 (from left to right): Bruce Donaldson, Richard Small, Mrs. Victor Lloren, John Simcox, Victor Lloren, Pete Sarmiento (partially obscured), C.A. Stillions, Don Peterson, and Don Emmons. Not pictured: Mac Sarreal and Richard Larkin. Photo credit: Mac Sarreal.

Mac Sarreal First Trans-Pacific Airmail Flight Japanese Occupation of the Philippines International Philippine Philatelic Society. entered two Philippine exhibits at SPRINGPEX 2015: (2 frames), and (1 frame). The meeting was sponsored by the

Douglas K. Lehmann Collection Will be Sold by Eric Jackson, International Revenue Dealer Douglas K. Lehmann’s Eric Jackson award-winning Philippine rev- Spanish, U.S. Administration, revolutionary period, and enue collection will be sold by . international Japanese Occupation [email protected]. You are urged to contact Mr. revenue dealer. The collection includes specialized exhib- Jackson at: Eric Jackson, P.O. Box 728, Leesport, PA 19533; its and significant accumulations of revenue stamps and or 610-926-6200; or Douglas 21 K. documents, many of which are unique, representing the Lehmann unexpectedly passed on September 3, 2014. Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal From the Collection of Nigel Gooding

1899 Inbound Registered Cover Addressed to from Constantinople

Registered cover affixed with 3 x 1piaster (Scott #8) and 2 x 20 para (Scott #9) overprinted German stamps used in Constantinople where Germany had Postal Offices within the Turkish Empire. Addressed to Emilio Aguinaldo, President of the Philippine Republic, Manila, Luzon, Philippines 22 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 Transit Route Based on Arrival Backstamps:

29 March 1899 1 April 1899 2 April 1899 – Received and Cancelled in Constantinople (now Istanbul), Turkish Empire 16 April 1899 - Arrived Alexandria, Egypt 23 April 1899 - Overland, Arrived Suez, Egypt 8 May 1899 – Sea, Arrived Colombo, Sri Lanka – Sea, Arrived Singapore (2 cancels) – Sea, Arrived Manila, Philippines (Mil Sta. No.1 - Philippine Isls - San Francisco Registered Receiving Date Stamp - Baker DR-1) DONATIONS to IPPS by Members by Rick Miggins

The entire membership of IPPS would like to extend a And for a number of the names listed, their generosity thank you to all those members who were able to provide was extended in more than one of these years. We have additional funds beyond the basic membership dues. The attempted to be complete. If per chance a name has been names listed herein paid the contributing or sustaining missed, we apologize. Thank you for keeping IPPS strong. dues, or gave IPPS a donation in the last three years. John Hunt Michael Beck Eugene Labiuk J. Daniel Bouw Doug Lehmann Andrew Burkman Ronald Maineri Patricia Byrnes Harry Marshall Reynaldo De Jesus James Matthews J.L. Diamond Joseph Napp Craig Eggleston Iluminado Ortanez Donald Emmons Daniel Ring Stanley Estabrook Cyril Rodriguez Richard Faller Edwin Shane Mario Feir Tommy Sim Albert Gore John South Gerald Giles James Stultz Robert Heacock, Jr. Mike Thompson 23 Greg Howearth Masayoshi Tsuchiya Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal Editor Meets New Webmaster in Cebu by Hans Becker & Eric Casagrande

It was a sort of surprise meeting in a Beach Resort in the Eric collects all Philippine stamps from the Spanish era on- North of Cebu Island, not far from the home place of Eric’s wards, and has been an IPPS member for about 10 years wife, Genelyn, San Remegio. We, my wife and I went there now. He is currently studying the Christmas stamp issues for a nice and quiet time. of the Philippines, and looking to acquire full, mint never hinged sheets of the early printings (1967 and 1968).

Hans & Remie Becker

Eric and his family, who arrived from Canada a week be- fore, came over to the place as well, so we could meet in person, and that happened first .... in the pool.

Eric & Hans

My wife had arranged a little “birthday party” and Eric had the honor of presenting the cake, a real surprise to me! The specially brewed coffee was great, and the delicious chocolate cake was like a piece of heaven on earth, and we Hans Genelyn, Philipp & Eric Casagrande all managed to eat two slices. Eric claims there was a bit of liquor of his second slice – but never complained – and I had to agree. Had we known, we would have started eating It was a very nice and relaxed getting to know each other from the center of the cake! and there I found out that Eric had lived already in Cebu a few years ago, working as a pastor for a small community. After Eric and Genelyn had a short rest with young Philip, They are searching for a nice housing development in we met up at our suite later that evening. When Genelyn which to buy their own 4 bedroom home where they will and my wife continued getting to know each other, and live permanently, and to open up a new church within the discussing all things Filipino, both Eric and I discussed the Mandaue or Consolacion areas of Central Cebu, where Eric wild and crazy world of Philippine stamp collecting. We will serve as the head pastor, and preach the Gospel of talked about the high and low points of the Philippines Post Grace to the nation of the Philippines. Office, as well as first day covers of the Philippine Islands. I also showed him my extensive study of Philippine first day Our wives also had no problems communicating with each cancellations and postal slogans, via my laptop. other, despite their age differences. As you might be able to tell by the pool picture, Eric and Genelyn have a very hand- Overall, we had a great time, and look forward to getting 24some 28 month old son, named Philip Anthony. together again soon, in Cebu City. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 Robert F. Yacano 1938 – 2015

Robert F. Yacano, a profes- pride and joy and his interest sional stamp dealer and in this period never ceased. internationally-respected It culminated with an award- friend to the Philippine winning exhibit and a final stamp collecting community, Postalcolor edition History of ofthe the first Philip book- passed March 23, 2015. Bob pinepublished Rebellion, solely 1897-1901 on this topic, died of complications due to Alzheimers. in 2011. Bob was a graduate of Fredo- nia State College, Fredonia, In the early 1980s,Linn’s he wrote NY in 1960 with a Bachelor a short article on Philippine in Science Degree in Music philately in and re- Education, and a Masters of ceived a letter from a noted Science Degree in Education Philippine collector, Gene from both Canisius College, Garrett , Elmhurst, Illinois. Buffalo, NY and Fredonia This began a life-long friend- State College. Bob taught high ship until Gene’s death in school Instrumental Music 1996. At about that same for 32 years. On July 1, 1961, time, Bob also met Don Pe- Bob married sweetheart An- terson, Washington, DC. As gela Yacano. They resided in Angela notes, Don incessant- Eden, NY, and moved to Mt. ly pushed Bob into exhibit- Airy, NC in 1998. ing and writing two books on Philippine philately. Angela Bob was always a collector. laughingly comments that it Although he started collect- cost her all her jewelry, but ing U.S. stamps in college, he the result was a fabulous set it aside and starting col- Philippine revolutionary pe- lecting a tropical fish called Philippine Philatelicriod collection. Journal In 1986, Bob killifish. In 1968, Bob went to South America on a collect- became editor of the International Philippine Philatelic So- ing expedition with a National Geographic Society group. ciety’s (IPPS) (PPJ). In 1997, Bob developed an international reputation for his skill in Bob became President of IPPS Overseas Operations, and breeding and raising this tropical fish. In time, he returned in 2008, received IPPS’s highest award, the IPPS Lifetime to his first love and started collecting stamps again. Bob’s Achievement Award. love affair withLinn’s the postal Stamp history News of the Philippines started Linn’sby accident and a stubborn refusal to wear his bifocals. Bob is survived by his wife Angela and son Mark and While reading , Bob noticed a sale ad in daughter-in-law Terri Amernick, Richmond, VA. He is also for U.S. stamps and ordered the box lot. When it survived by two grandchildren, Benjamin and Mollie; and arrived, he was greatly disappointed because it only con- a sister, Marie Sobers, Manassas, VA. Donations in Bob’s tained U.S. Administration of the Philippines stamps. How- memory should be made to your local Alzheimers society. ever, by that time, he had bifocals, re-read the ad, and real- We miss Bob dearly. ized the error. He decided to return the lot, but since it was Saturday, he thought he would look at it over the weekend. It changed his life. He did not return it and began his life- long journey in Philippine philately. Bob became a major international dealer in Philippine stamps and covers, His wife Angela was a life-partner in his interests, and played a significant role in stamps sales and preparation of his ex- hibits and books.

His journey into the Philippine revolutionary period began with small acquisitions of stamps and covers. His collec- tion of revolutionary stamps and covers was a source of 25 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal Maligayang Pasko – Merry Christmas (Part 4)

Eric Casagrande

This will be the final installment of my four-part series on of first day covers. Before closing the article, I discussed the the first Christmas stamps of the Philippine Islands. Giv- postal rates of the Philippines for the late 1960s, showing ing a quick recap: In part one (PPJ – 3rd quarter 2014), I two out-of-period international usages of the 75 sentimos examined the two issues that were released in December stamp. 1967, as well as the four known first day covers to that I had originally planned to limit this to a three-part series, point. Then in part two (PPJ – 4th quarter 2014), I shared a but it took on a life of its own, and as things developed I recently discovered in-period domestic postal usage of the was fortunate to have received wonderful feedback from 10 sentimos stamp; as well as two newly-found first day my readers, who had been inspired by my writing to go covers for that year (1967), bringing the current total of back and examine their own collections for other covers. known FDCs to six. I also discussed what I believed to be the As a result, it behoved me to create an addendum of sorts, unique application of color to the cachets of those covers. in which I would share recently made discoveries of first Finally, in part three (PPJ – 1st quarter 2015), I presented day covers (both years), as well as postally used items, in the 1968 Christmas stamp issues (three), along with a trio and out of period.

(Figure 1)

While discovering the many different first day covers for But the confirming moment came when I ran across the the earliest Christmas stamps of the Philippines, the ques- website of Philippines collector and California resident, tion arose as to who might be the creator of the noted ca- Alan Liptak (see the link at the end of my article), who had chets. Could it have been the Philippines Post Office, or single-handedly acquired the unprecedented Peterson col- perhaps an individual artist? The answer to that question lection of Philippines first day covers, and had scanned a seems to have been satisfactorily answered recently, at large portion of it to his online site. This amazing collection least for some of these cachets. (Figure 1) included a spectacular number of original Overseas Mailers In part two of this series (PPJ – 4th quarter 2014), I ini- cachets, covering the period of 1946-1976. So it was here tially presented the fdc shown above . Then a that I finally connected the dots, and saw the tell-tale sign couple of months afterwards, I made two discoveries about that at least some of the Philippines covers from my articles it. One of my finds came while studying a particular Ebay were the creation of Overseas Mailers And what was the listing, whose vendor had stated this was a creation of the big sign? Namely that Leach had pasted a vividly described very well-known cachet company, ‘Overseas Mailers Lim- note concerning both the stamps and(Figure cachet 2) designs, on the ited’, whose founder was John Barnard Leach (1911-2003). back of his covers. Below is what appeared on the back of Leach was a resident of New York State, who both designed the abovementioned 1967 series . 26and printed a great number of first day covers for many countries around the world. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

(Figure 2) (Figure 3) (Figure 4) Additionally, here is the descriptive note , which thereafter appeared on the back of one of the cacheted first day covers , that Leach created for the 1968 Christmas stamps.

(Figure 3)

(Figure 4)

27 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Now what many collectors may not realize is that not only (Christmas) FDC collection. Below is one such example did Leach create his own cachets, but also sold a number of from my current holdings,(Figure where 5) Leach would add his own covers whose cachets were designed by others. I first no- artwork to the cachet designs of the well-known team of ticed this while in the initial phase of building my Canadian Jackson-Chickering .

(Figure 5 – Note the added Christmas tree / Children)

At this point, I would like to share with my readers the dis- pink, whereas the tassels on the earlier cachet were color- covery of a new first(Figure day cover6) – at least in terms of its ca- less. chet – related to the 1967 stamp series (Scott #976-977). But the cachet coloring is not the only area in which it dif- As shown below , we see a Figurecover that 3 is slightly fers from the earlier first day cover. Another change is in different from the one which appeared in the first part of terms of the printed wording found above and below the my series (PPJ – 3rd Quarter 2014 – ). In the ca- cachet. On this cover, it reads ‘First Day of Issue’ in the up- chet of the noted earlier first day cover, the inner part of the per left, followed by the Christmas and New Year greeting large star is colored yellow, while the outer triangles were ‘Maligayang Pasko At Masaganang Bagong Taon’. On the colored pink. But as we notice in this new find, the colors previous cover, there is no such writing indicating it to be of the star are reversed. Here we see the inner part of the the first day of issue. Then finally, this fdc has no writing be- star is colored pink, while its outer triangles are colored in low the cachet, while the earlier one reads: ‘First Christmas yellow. Additionally, the hanging tassels are also colored Stamp of the Philippines’.

(Figure 6) 28 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

(Figure 7)

(Figure 7) In(Figure an interesting 6) twist, another of my latest finds No further description is needed here, other than to sug- , has the exact same design as the previous one shown gest that if one such cachet of this style exists, then I am , except that while the artwork is sketched and willing to bet there may also be another one with a differ- printed in black, the entire cachet is overlain in a type of ent overlay color – perhaps in green. I will explain the rea- deep pink pastel color. son for this belief later on in my article.

(Figure 8)

29 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal (Figure 8)

The next of my recent new discoveries , seems But what is also interesting about the design, is the fact to both continue the religious theme of most cachets in this its coloring (green and yellow), seem to be based upon stamp series, while at the same time bearing a uniquely dif- the general coloring of the lower denomination 10 senti- ferent style of design from what we have come to expect. mos stamp. You can read my explanation regarding the use It should be obvious from the outline, that the two faceless of these colors in Part 1 of this series (PPJ – 3rd Quarter figures represent Mary lifting up and staring into the face 2014). of the newborn Christ-child. Accompanying the picture, are One last new find (bringing the total number of known first the familiar words seen at the top: ‘First Day of Issue’; fol- (Figureday covers 9) for the 1967 stamp series to ten), reverts back lowed by ‘Symbols of Christmas’ (note that both phrases from the previous Renaissance style, to a more current one appear to be printed in ‘Old English’ font). .

(Figure 9)

Here we see another example of the traditional Filipino cel- boo-thatched roof on its front and back. Also note the ‘par- ebration of Christmas, presented in the two most widely ol’ (shining star design with tassels), attached to the side known colors of the holiday season. First of all, we have the window of the home. outline of the holly leaves, berries, and stars, in green. The The remaining portion of the design show a Filipino hus- same is true for the color of the text: ‘First Day of Issue’; band and wife preparing the meal for their family. In front ‘Christmas’; and ’67’ (which cites the year). Finally, both the of the house sits a ‘Lechon Baboy’ (roasted pig), cooking on main design, as well as the ornate framing in which it sits a spit. This is a mouth-watering delicacy to Filipinos, espe- encased, is presented in a bright red color. cially the crispy-cooked skin! The pig is prepared for cook- I would like to closely examine the abovementioned (in- ing with various green plants (the stuffing), in order to give ner) main design, as it displays some interesting features the meat and skin more flavour. of the Filipino lifestyle not previously(Figure discussed. 10) In order to Further, the couple are seen pounding thick sticks into a make it easier to view the relatively small artwork, I have home-made cement crucible. No doubt inside of the bowl enlarged its picture for the reader . sits grains of rice, the mainstay of the Filipino diet. So why (and which we discussed in part one – PPJ 3rd Quarter are they pounding the rice? For a very practical reason! 2014), this particular palm tree is one of the fuller sized Perhaps unknown to many, the rice grain matures inside ones on which coconuts are seen to grow. It is clearly larger a membrane which must be removed when the granule than the house sitting in front of it, and which has a bam ripens. So they are separating the rice grain from its mem- brane, in order to prepare it for cooking in boiled water. 30 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

(Figure 10)

Whew!(Figure Now it’s 11) time to move on to the newly discovered three wise men that came from the East, with their offer- first day covers related to the 1968 stamp series. The first ings of gold, myrrh, and frankincense, for the new-born cover , presents a somewhat different type of babe. Then finally, we have the previously discussed ‘parol’ cachet style, in that it almost reminds of the stained glass (hanging star), representing the Christmas Star, shinning in windows found inside a typical . This one- the background. The only figure which appears to be miss- colored design has all of the familiar elements one would ing is Joseph. expect to see on a Christmas cachet from the Philippines. Interestingly, the shape of the ‘window’ in the cachet is re- First of all, it is based on a traditional manger scene with markably similar to that of one of the biggest churches in the Virgin Mary and the Christ-child. Secondly, we have the the Philippines, namely San Sebastian, located in Manila.

(Figure 11)

31 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

(Figure 12)

(Figure 7) As I mentioned earlier, I believe there may be a green-col- The reality of the situation is that the wording across the ored cachet that matches the pink overlaid one , bottom (1972 Christmas Stamps), was in all probability for the carolling cachet of the 1968 stamp(Figure series. 12) The rea- color matched and added to the cover after the fact. But son I’m strongly inclined to feel this way, is because of the that isn’t all. There is yet another highly compelling rea- overlaid coloring in my next discovery . Just in son we know this to be a design for the 1968 stamp se- case you don’t remember,Figure this is 9the exact design used on ries, and it further lends itself in support of my ‘if there an earlier first day cover shown in part three of my series is a red cachet, there must be a green cachet’ theory. (PPJ – 1st Quarter 2015 – ). The one difference be- Figure 8 tween the two is that while this one is pink and black – the Again, back in part three of my series (PPJ – 1st Quarter earlier one is colored in green and black. 2015 – ), we see the sister cover to this one. It has Now while this might(Figure seem 13) coincidental – if not downright the exact same design, including the ‘1968’ date written in inconclusive – to the reader, allow me to introduce addi- the center of the parol star, in the upper left of the cachet. tional evidence . First of all, if you believe this Additionally, the cover did not contain any writing across to be a cachet that is designed for the 1972 stamp series, I the bottom, citing the Christmas year date as this one wouldn’t blame you. After all, the stamps adorning this cov- does, proving the printed date was as I have stated, done er are from that year. Additionally, the writing across the after wards in an attempt to support the 1972 stamps. Oh, bottom of the cachet seems to lend credence to that theory, and by the way, did you happen to notice how the match- where it reads: ‘1972 CHRISTMAS STAMPS’. ing ‘sister cover’ from part three just happens to be green But there is a fly in the ointment here, and that fly sits in color? Indeed, there seems to be a general rule that within the star of the parol (star and tassel) design, in if there is a pink-red colored cachet, there is like to be a the upper left of the cachet. It’s very clear to the ob- matching green-colored cachet hiding away somewhere! server that the date at the center of the star reads: ‘1968’. As such, this cachet was actually prepared to celebrate the stamps of the 1968 series, rather than those from the 1972 series which appear on the cover.

32 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

(Figure 13)

(FigureI would now14) like to present some further discoveries of While the sender remains anonymous, we know some in- these (1967 – 1968) stamps on cover. In the first example teresting facts about the city from which the letter was dis- , we see the 10 sentimos Christmas stamp patched. is located about 45 kilometres (28 miles) (Scott # 976) being used, along with four of the 5 sentimos north of the City of Manila, in the Municipality of . stamps (Scott # 966), on a letter being sent from Malolos, It served as the location of the constitutional convention of Bulacan (Luzon Region of the Philippines), to a business lo- 1898, known as the Malolos Convention (held within the cated in Toronto, Ontario Canada. sanctuary of the Barasoain Church), which led to the short

(Figure 14) 33 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

lived establishment of the First Philippine Republic. Fur- At any rate, some of my readers may be wondering how an ther, it was also within the convent of Malolos , airmail letter could have been sent overseas to Canada for that the presidential palace was situated at that time. the paltry sum of 30 sentimos, when in fact the going rate Legend has it that the name ‘Malolos’ was a derivation of for such an item was – as I mentioned in part 3 of my se- the Tagalog word ‘paluslos’, which translates into the Eng- ries (PPJ – 1st Quarter 2015) – 75 sentimos! To this I would lish word ‘downwards’. Apparently a misunderstanding suggest that it may not have actually been sent by airmail, arose on the part of the early Spanish missionaries who and I would also remind everyone that 30 sentimos in fact first sought to make proselytes in the area, and who were paid the basic first-class rate to all non-AOPU (Asian Over- looking for inhabited areas along the Calumpit River. The seas Postal Union) countries. Of course, given that it has natives of course did not understand the Spanish language, been postmarked April(Figure 26, 1968,15) means that it has been and when asked for the name of the place, they replied used in-period. that the river in that area flowed downstream (‘paluslos’), My second example , finds use for both the 10 which the missionaries interpreted as ‘Malolos’. sentimos and 40 sentimos Christmas stamps of 1967, as The wealth of Malolos derives not only from its massive well as the 70 sentimos and 1 piso stamps of 1963 (Scott rice fields (4,000+ hectares), nor from its large fishponds # 862-863), to pay the 2.20 pisos registered airmail rate to (2,000+ hectares), but in the character of the Filipino peo- New York City, with a return receipt requested. We can see ple, who to this day are known for their creative ingenu- the registration number (R-9190), to the left of the name of ity in filling a particular need. Of course, the new railway the addressee. Sent out on January 17, 1968, the Christmas (Manila-Dagupan), which came through in 1892, also con- stamps on this piece of mail were also used in-period. tributed to its development.

(Figure 15)

My third new discovery is of the 75 sentimos (Scott # 1005)(Fi- nym for ‘The Societe Anonyme Belge d’Exploitation de la gureChristmas 16) stamp from 1968, being used on a first day flight Navigation Aerienne’, and was the national airline of Bel- cover, from Manila, Philippines to Brussels, Belgium gium for close to eighty years (1923 – 2001). After having . The flight took place aboard the – then – state of declared bankruptcy in 2001, the newly formed SN Brus- the art Boeing 707 Sabena, of Belgian World Airlines. Given sels Airlines took over part of Sabena’s assets (February the postmark (November 10, 1970), it is readily obvious 2002), and which subsequently became known as ‘Brussels that the postage stamp is not being used in-period. Airlines’ following a merger with ‘Virgin Express’ (March For those not in the know, the name ‘SABENA’ is an acro- 2007). 34 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

(Figure 16)

(FigureThe final 17) example I have of the use of the 1968 Christmas E. Klink, located in West Germany. While I am not entirely stamps on cover, is an interesting one in its own rights certain, I would suggest that – given the rate paid (5.50 pi- . The oversized packet was sent via registered sos) – some sort of periodical may have been included with- airmail, by a Lety E. Ignacio, of Paco, Manila, to a Mr. Joachim in the envelope, to account for its probable heavier weight

(Figure 17) 35 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

We know the solitary 30 sentimos stamp (ICSW), would age of 4.25 pisos (i.e. 425 sentimos), would have in all have paid the registration rate, and that at least one of the probability been applied in payment of the overall weight 75 sentimos stamps (from the strip of four at the bottom of the packet. left), would have more or less paid the basic airmail rate. So in summarization of my four-part series on the first Since there is no evidence of the sender asking for some Christmas stamp issues, we have learned the following, in type of return-receipt, I would submit the remaining post- relation to their appearance on cacheted first day covers:

If any of my readers might have additional first day cover assistance in providing scans for some of the regularly used examples of these Christmas stamps, please let me know. I covers in my series. Additionally, I would also like to thank would certainly be glad to hear from you! My email address our PPJ Editor, Hans-Werner Becker, as well as my friends can be found inside the front cover of the PPJ, listed under Mike Palmer and Keith Morris (both members of the IPPS), ‘webmaster’. for their gracious provision of new first day cover samples Additionally, I am currently looking for samples of first day for this article. I would also like to thank my wife, Genelyn, covers relating to the Philippines Christmas stamp issues for her untiring assistance in ‘schooling’ me on the histori- released in the 1970s. Again, if you might have any, please cal and cultural developments of her native land. Thank let me know. you so much, Honeybunch! Mahal na mahal din kita, karon In closing, I would like to thank Dr. Tommy Sim, for his ug hangtod!

New IPPS Members

Elwynn J. Miller Manuel Jorge Peter Zisko Walpole, MA 02081 BF Homes, Quezon City Auburn, CA 95604 USA Philippines USA

CLASSIFIED ADS

FOR SALE.

Used [email protected] Period stamps from 1946 through 2015. Huge stock. Regularly updated. Includes recent used pairs, blocks, souvenir sheets, etc. Send want list. Contact: Don Peterson, P.O. Box 122, Brunswick, MD 21716, e-mailslogan cancels First Day Cancels, or call 301-834-6419.

I am looking for and or scans thereof in 600 [email protected] JPG from Philippine slogan cancels used between 1969 and now and First Day Cancels from 1983 to now, to update my catalogues. If you have such in your possession, please scan the entire envelope and send it to me: SwissMy postal collector address is on page 2. Thanks a lot for your cooperation.

is looking for covers (envelopes) sent by Philippine soldiers that were part of the Philippines contingent in [email protected] in the UN-Force in Korea during the Korean War (1950-1953). Covers should be prefera- bly sent to a Philippine address. Please contact (with copies or scans): J.L.Emmenegger, P.O. Box 110, 1109Pully, Switzerland. e-mail

36 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

THE SPANISH PERIOD CORNER by Don Peterson

Forgeries Can Wreak Havoc

Forgeries can wreak havoc to a collection. In my lifetime, I returning such items to their source, a habit I should have have bought many stamps, only to discover later that many broken years ago. As a result, I now have a large forgery were forgeries. My Scandinavian ethics keep me from collection of Spanish Philippine stamps. FIGURE 1 To demonstrate how disruptive forgeries can be, take a look at Scott #97 ( ). It2015 is a Scottrelatively Catalogue. high-priced surcharged stamp (UN REAL green surcharge on 2 CENTIMOS carmine) at $190 mint and $150 used in the Genuine examples are very hard to find. However,“Spanish forgeries Philippine are very Postal common. Issues, GenuineIn fact, most Surcharge of the Typesexamples of 1881-1888: on Ebay and Illustrated in dealer’s Guide” stocks are forgeries. In a soon to be published book, by Don Peterson, Nigel Good- ing, and Thomas Lera, we have determined that twoFIGURE’s different 2 genuine3 surcharge types are known for Scott #97. Some other issues have as many as four different genuine surcharge types. and are sample pages from our upcoming book illustrating and describing the FIGURE 1. Genuine Scott #97 two genuine surcharge types of Scott #97, which we describe as Types PG-25 and PG-27.

Scott #97

Forged surcharges of this issue are common. Refer to Chapter IX.B for detailed descriptions of the UN REAL types.

UN REAL Green Surcharge on 2CENTIMOS Carmine King Alfonso XII Issue

Surcharge PG-25 and PG-27

Surcharge PG-25 Scott #97 Surcharge PG-27

FIGURE 2. Scott #97, Depicting the Two Genuine UN REAL Surcharge Types, in Upcoming Book 37 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

6. PG-25 through PG-27: UN REAL

(Scott #s93, 95A, 97-99, 103-104, 118-119, 122, 124, 126, 127B-129, 135)

PG-25 PG-26 PG-27

Surcharge Type Surcharge Descriptions • “N” of UN and “R” of REAL close together • Top of “R” of REAL narrower than base PG-25 • Wide space between “S” of CORREOS and letters above and below • “BILI” in HABILITADO close together • No period after “P” of PA • The “H” and “O” of HABILITADO are narrow • DE UN REAL large • Letters of REAL close together PG-26 • “BILI” in HABILITADO close together • “O” of HABILITADO farther from “S” of CORREOS • No period after “P” of PA • Top of “P” of PA broad • Period after “P” of PA • “BILI” of HABILITADO far apart PG-27 • “O” of HABILITADO close to “S” of CORREOS • Both “R”s of CORREOS have flared legs • Minor genuine variations of this handstamp type exist FIGURE 3. Sample Page From Upcoming Book Illustrating and Describing the Two Genuine Surcharges PG-25 and PG-27 for Scott #97

FIGURE 4

The “havoc” begins when you look at the sheer number of different forgeries that exist of Scott #97. shows 14 different forgeries of Scott #97 in my collection. In fact, for the 54 Scott-listed genuine surcharged stamps, I have recorded over 200 different forgeries. Due to the large number of forgeries, they are not covered in the upcoming book. Only the genuine types are addressed. 38 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

FIGURE 4. 14 Different Forgeries of Scott #97 (D. Peterson Collection)

39 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Our upcoming book will significantly update the 1881- The book will describe and illustrate all of the genuine, of- 1888 surcharged issues listed in Bartels et al. (1904). It ficially authorized, and accepted 1881-1888 surcharges. will present the results of a new analysis of the 1881-1888 Most importantly, our book willPhilippine reduce the Philatelic “wreak of Journal. havoc” surcharged issues, based on over 100 years of updated in- in your Spanish Philippine collection. Look for the upcom- formation and the use of analytical forensic approaches. ing book announcement in the

Three Major Upcoming Auctions Will Feature the Collection of Robert Yacano Robert Yacano’s

HarmersPhilippine Auction, collection June and 4-6 lifetime 2015 accu- Most importantly, the auctions will feature Robert Yaca- mulation will be featured in three upcoming auctions. The Don’tno’s world-class miss these and major award auctions winning of collectionunique and of signifi stamps- first will be the . If you cantand postal Philippine history stamps of the andPhilippine documents. rebellion, 1897-1901. are not on the [email protected] mailing list, contact Harmers at: H.R. Harmer, 2680 Walnut Ave., SuitePhilstamps AB, Tustin, in CA Septem 92780;- orber 714-389-9178; 2015 and early or Spring 2016. . The sec- ond and third auctions will be by Robert Yacano passed on March 23, 2015. Any inquiries If you are not on the [email protected] be sent to Angela Yacano at: Angela Yacano, 158 Philstamps [email protected]. list, contact Philstamps at: Philstamps, Laila Lane, MountPhilippine Airy, NC Philatelic 27030; Journal or 336-783-0768; or 4795 Mariposa Dr., Suite 8, San Bernardino, CA 92404; or Although IPPS will post the auc- 909-804-0549; or The auctions tion dates in the when they are will include Philippine stamps and covers from all periods, known, we recommend that you periodically check with including revenue stamps and documents rarely seen on Harmers and Philstamps. the market.

PHILIPPINE STAMP SALES

New Issues Service (Stamps, FDC, Xmas Seals, etc) Extensive Republic Mint and Used Stock Spanish, US & Japanese Periods Competitive Rates Please Send or Email Wants Lists or Visit: www.nvkstamps.com Nigel Gooding 8, Avondale Avenue, Hinchley Wood, Surrey KT10 0DA, United Kingdom Email: [email protected]

40 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 THE PROVINCIAL CARNIVALS AND FAIRS DURING THE USPI PERIOD By Dr. Tommy C. Sim

Following the success of the annual national carnival held best agricultural and industrial assets as well as distinct in Manila, people in the provinces enthusiastically became cultural presentations. determined to duplicate the festive mood of the Manila car- The primary goal of this article is to document several ad- nival by staging their own carnivals. The festivities were vertising slogan cachets used during these events in the somewhat based on a typical American state and county provinces. Examples are highlighted and noted to be scarce 1.fairs. TheseThe provincial Moro Province carnivals Fair and offairs 1911 highlighted their to exceedingly scarce or rare.

DECEMBER 7, 1910: ZAMBOANGA, MORO to MANILA

Registered official letter from the Office of the Treasurer, Moro Province using 4c Lincoln PSE issue of 1899 (UPSS # 21) uprated with 2c Rizal, 6c Magellan and 10c Lawton definitive issues of 1906.

Back of cover; UNLISTED printed red-colored cachet in 6 lines: ..COME.. / TO / The Moro Province Fair / AT / ZAMBOANGA / FEBRUARY 7-14, 1911.

The Zamboanga Fair

(Taken from The Chicago Daily Tribune, April 24, 1911)

“In Zamboanga, recently, was held the Moro Province Fair. Chinese father and Moro mother and has become the chief We pay little attention these days to our Filipino and Moro of ten thousand loyal followers. . Davao district furnished associates. The Zamboanga fair may serve as a reminder wild tribes headed by automobiles. There were Bagobos, of what we have. Governor General Forbes was there, with Manobos, Mandayans, and cannibals. The Jolo contingent an escort of Philippine scouts, detachments from the army was headed by the Sultan. He is described as “all American.” and navy, and representatives of the Filipino Assembly. A calesa drawn by an American horse carried him. In the The parade of tribes was the event which filled the eye. subsequent speechmaking he said that he had seen things The Princess of Cotabato was carried in a constructed pa- in the United States to convince him of the power and rich- lanquin; a gorgeously attired person, the , in silk carefully ness of that nation. . The Sultan was but recently our guest. sought out to please her fastidious tastes. . In attendance Lanao is a district of fighters. Its marchers showed won- on her was Datu Piang, a self-made man and proud of it. He derful colors in apparel and swung their arms in an arc41 of is a man without heritage of royal blood; he is the son of a 180 degrees as they paraded. Even persons familiar with Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

the Philippines are reported to have sat spellbound as the by this great unification of the people of the province. The tribes of picturesque Moro people passed by, unprepared athletic features of the fair were held on the fair grounds for a spectacle of such unusual brilliance, color, and fasci- and proved to be a source of very great attraction and in- nation. In approved American fashion, speeches followed terest to the 20,000 Moros and pagans who attended the the parade. The Hon. Sergio Osmeña, Speaker of the Philip- fair. On the other hand, the troops were brought in close pine Assembly, congratulated the people of the Moro Prov- touch with the wild people, and were enabled to learn ince on their successful effort to bring together the various something of their manners and customs. Americans tribes and people on a common ground. Datu Mandi was and Filipinos went away laden with beautiful homespun convinced that all the Moros united in support of the Unit- cloths, magnificent pieces of hand-wrought metal, native ed States government. Datu Piang was dragged out of his costumes, headgears, and weapons of many sorts; and the shyness to talk, and he conquered it long enough to express Moros and tribe folks returned home richer than they had appreciation of the good work the Americans were doing ever been before.” 2. The Vigan Provincial Fair of 1912

NOVEMBER 13, 1911: VIGAN, ILOCOS SUR CIRCULATING Official letter to the District Chief of Sanitation with UNLISTED handstamped magenta-colored cachet in 4 lines: PREPARE FOR / THE PROVINCIAL FAIR / AT VIGAN / JANUARY 1ST TO 7TH, 1912.

The province of Ilocos Sur was among the early provinces that had joined the band- wagon in holding their own fairs and carnivals, They were largely influenced by the national annual event in Manila in which they were consistently represented. The Ilo- cos carnivals and fairs at Vigan, (that stood as symbols of Ilocandia’s commercial and in- dustrial boom) were intermittently held from the early 1910s right through the late 1940s, long after the last Manila Carnival folded.

Queen Carmen I and her court at the Ilocos Sur Provincial Fair and Carnival of 1912 42 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 3. The Leyte Carnival and Fair of 1924

NOVEMBER 17, 1924: ZAMBOANGA, MINDANAO to SYRACUSE, NEW YORK

US-bound letter using 2c Rizal PSE issue of 1921 (UPSS# 55a), uprated with 2c green Rizal definitive; UNLISTED magenta colored handstamped flag slogan in 3 lines: LEYTE CARNIVAL / INDUSTRIAL FAIR / DEC. 20 – 28

– 1924.

MANILA, P.I. / DEC 9/ 7 –PM / 1924

Manila boxed slogan American Machine flag cancel publicizing the Leyte Carnival and Industrial Fair of 1924

Note: 1924 was the first time that a Miss Leyte was named to compete in the Manila Carnival; the winner was Ms. Amelia Zialcita Romualdez, a cousin of former First Lady Imelda Romualdez-Marcos.

4. The Zamboanga Carnival of 1923, 1929 AND 1930

The first ever Zamboanga provincial carnival was under- There were several other editions of the Zamboanga carni- taken on December 15-23, 1923 and was officially dubbed val, with interest peaking in 1926, with Miss Zamboanga’s as the Zamboanga Carnival and Industrial Exposition. Es- unprecedented victory at the Manila Carnival Queen quest. pousing the same spirit as the national Manila carnival, Also, as Miss Zamboanga of that year, she was chosen as the event aimed to highlight the contribution of the local Miss Pearl of the Orient Seas. The last pre-war Zamboanga industries to the vibrant provincial economy as well as to carnival was held in 1934. showcase the beauty of southern Philippine culture.

43 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

NOVEMBER 16, 1923: CAGAYAN DE SULU, SULU to ZAMBOANGA Domestic first class mail using 2c Rizal PSE issue of 1921 (UPSS# 55ª) with UNLISTED light blue colored handstamped slogan cachet in 2 lines: Come and See the Zamboanga Carnival Dec. 15-23, 1923 / The Pearl of the Philippines.

MANILA, P.I. / NOV 5 / 7-30P / 1923 Manila boxed slogan American Machine flag cancel advertising the Zamboanga Carnival of 1923.

← The1923 Zamboanga Carnival Programme

The big event, which had a distinctive Indo-Malayan motif, was widely publicized nationally. Here, the royalties of the carnival pose for their official picture. Local social clubs like the Red Rovers spearheaded the search for the carnival royalty and that year, a local deep-set eyed beauty was elected as a Sultana. Her court, dressed as Malayan majesties, consisted of a sultan, 7 charming princesses, 6 fez-wearing princes, 6 courtiers and two boy pages (Alex R. Castro, The Manila Carnivals 1908 to 1939). 44 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

“Queen Cleopatra and her consort, Mark Anthony”

Zamboanga Carnival of 1929

That year had a grandiose mixed European-Egyptian theme, reflecting the rise of this premiere commercial port town in southern Philippines.

MARCH 5, 1929: ZAMBOANGA to MANILA Local first class mail with UNLISTED violet colored handstamped slogan in 3 lines: SEE ZAMBOANGA / THE CITY BEAUTIFUL OF THE PHILIPPINES / COME TO ITS CARNIVAL – APRIL 27 TO MAY 4, 1929.

APRIL 10, 1929: ZAMBOANGA to MANILA

Advertising local postal card with the 1929 Zamboanga Carnival handstamped slogan. 45 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

MARCH 22, 1930: ZAMBOANGA to DAVAO

Milk company mail franked with 2c green Rizal definitive issue of 1917 bearing an UNLISTED magenta colored handstamped slogan cachet in 4 lines: See the / ZAMBOANGA PETIT CARNIVAL / April 26 to May 3 / 1930. The petit carnivals were another welcome additions to the fondness of the residents of Zamboanga for social revelry. Two petit carnivals—one in 1930 and the last in 1934-- stood out for the lavishness of the staging and the competitiveness of the candidates in the beauty search. However, local residents raised eyebrows at the idea of a cabaret-style pavilion as one of the attractions of the petit carnivals

IN THE DAYS OF MILK & HONEY, Zamboanga residents celebrated their fiestas lav- ishly and indulged even more luxuriously in fairs and carnivals with beauty queen to boot. In the petit carnival of 1930, the beauteous Rosie Shinn reigned as the queen with the debonair Pab Sebastian as her consort. Completing her court was the lovely Luisa Fernandez and Josefina Fermin (Alex R. Castro, The Manila Carnivals 1908-39).

46 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 5. The Batangas Carnival and Exhibition of 1928

OCTOBER 2, 1928: BATANGAS, BATANGAS to MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT

First class mail to US franked with 2c pair Rizal issue of 1917 with UNLISTED red colored handstamped car- nival slogan in 5 lines: BATANGAS / Provincial Carnival & Exhibition / INAUGURATION CAPITOL & HOSPITAL / December 26, 1928 to January 1, 1929 / BATANGAS, BATANGAS. Note: Additional handstamped thrift slogan in red and Tagalog dialect: MAGTIPID KAYO AT HUWAG MAGAKSAYA SA ANUMANG PARAAN (Save and Don’t Waste in Anyway; Espiridion Thrift Slogan No. 43; Becker BTS-M4).

The provincial carnival committee decided to focus their energy on their search for the 1928 Miss Batan- gas. This time, an appropriate grand provincial event was planned that would be the backdrop for the proc- lamation of the province’s royal queen—the 1928 Batangas Carnival. The title of Miss Batangas 1928 went to the fashionable Consuelo Luna. Unfortunately, that year, the 1928 Manila Carnival was scrapped due to financial, organizational and timing problems, and with it, the national beauty pageant.

Note: As per the above carnival slogan, two impor- tant provincial institutions (the Provincial Capitol and Hospital) were inaugurated during the 1928 carnival event.

47 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal 6. The Occidental Negros Carnival and Exposition of 1928

The island of Negros had its own provincial version of the the US market. As such, the residents’ “joie de vivre” (exu- carnival in 1928 with the launch of the Occ. (Occidental) berant enjoyment of life) found outlets in festivals inspired Negros Carnival and Exposition in the capital town of Ba- by the Manila Carnival. The first Miss Negros Occidental colod. The “Sugar Queen of the Philippines” could very well had participated in the 1st National Beauty Contest of 1926, afford to have its own fair to showcase the affluence and and from that moment on, the people of Negros had never prosperity brought about by its profitable sugar industry. ceased creating their own celebrations. In the 1928 pro- As early as the Spanish times, Negros enjoyed a level of im- vincial carnival, town muses graced the festivities as well portance due to the huge economic investments infused on as the commercial and cultural aspects of the province. Its its sugar industry and sugar towns like Victorias and Silay exhibition attracted the attention of visiting insular gov- boomed, becoming more cosmopolitan and Hispanized as ernment officials, military officers, and many visitors from the years went by. This went on until the American admin- Manila and nearby provinces. istration, where its sugar produce was lapped up avidly by

FEBRUARY 11, 1928: CEBU, CEBU to LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA US bound mail bearing 2c pair Rizal definitive with UNLISTED red colored handstamped slogan cachet in 5 lines: OCC. NEGROS CARNIVAL 7 EXPOSITION / BACOLOD, APRIL 7-16, 1928 / GRANDEST OF PROV. FAIRS, TO DEPICT / PROGRESS AND CULTURE OF FOREMOST / SUGAR PROVINCE.

NOTE: Fabrica is one of the barrios in the city of Sagay, were underdeveloped, it was quite progressive in terms of Negros Occidental. In the past, Fabrica was internation- infrastructure, water system, electricity and lighting facili- ally famous since the early 1910s and up to the 1970s. It ties. During its long boom years, Fabrica had also a sugar was the site of the largest lumber company and sawmill in mill, two large movie houses, a cockpit arena, a number of the world, the Insular Lumber Company (ILCO). ILCO pro- medical clinics, drugstores, telegraph offices, two private duced hardwood lumber which was well-known the world schools and a vocational school. Fabrica was one of the few over, and was exported to the US, Australia, and many barrios in the Philippines that had its own postal service. It other countries in the world. Compared to the many bar- was a town within a town. rios and places in the Philippines in the early 1930s which

48 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

MARCH 1, 1928: DUMAGUETE, NEGROS ORIENTAL to PHILADELPHIA, PA

Two centavos green Rizal postal card issue of 1915 (Scott# UX13) with the same carnival slogan but in violet color.

7. The San Pablo Carnival and Laguna Provincial Fair of 1928

MARCH 29, 1928: SAN PABLO, LAGUNA to MANILA

Local special delivery mail using 2c Rizal PSE issue of 1927 (UPSS# 104b) with violet colored handstammped carnival cachet in 4 lines: SAN PABLO CARNIVAL / AND / LAGUNA PROVINCIAL FAIR / April 11 to 17, 1928.

49 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal

Another early supporter of the annual Manila Carnival was provincial carnival. The rich coconut town of San Pablo was the province of Laguna, whose people followed the happen- chosen as the site of the provincial carnival and fair. The ings in the capital city with anticipation and excitement. organizers put their energies to motion, vowing to compete Just like the other provinces that caught the carnival bug, with the Manila Carnival“Reina in de terms Carnaval”. of grandeur and gaiety. Laguna also sought to replicate the spirit and the success They also tried to attract local tourists by drumming up the of the annual national fair in Manila, by holding its own search for their own

Scenes from the San Pablo Carnival and Laguna Provincial Fair of 1928: Proofs of provincial progress were depicted in these pictures from the community of San Pablo in Laguna. Here, one can see a representative San Pablo beauty, extraordinary San Pablo pineapples and arrowroot, and the gorgeous pavilion of the fair grounds.

8. The 1932 Iloilo Carnival

FEBRUARY 23, 1932: ILOILO, ILOILO to BEVERLY, MASSACHUSETTS

First class mail to US franked with 2c pair Rizal definitive with handstamped flag exposition / carnival slogan cachet in 2 lines, applied in violet: 1932 ILOILO CARNIVAL / MARCH 29th TO APRIL 3rd.

To the province of Iloilo went the distinction of producing regularly made their appearance on the carnival stage in the very first Queen of the Orient—Pura Villanueva—the Manila, to compete against other provincial muses for the accomplished Ilongga-Spanish mestiza who ruled and cap- title of ‘Queen of the Manila Carnival” and later, “Miss Phil- tivated the crowds at the 1908 Manila Carnival. . In the ippines”. Beginning in 1928, the provincial government of 50 succeeding editions of the Manila Carnival, Iloilo belles Iloilo held its own carnival and exposition. Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015

STAR OF THE CARNAVAL DE ILOILO

Her Majesty, Estrella II, wearing her crown of beauty and patriotism. (Dated 1928)

9. The 1925 Capiz Petit Carnival

Not to be outdone, the province of Capiz held its own carni- the country’s third President in 1946. The 1924 Capiz Petit val with opulence and gaiety that rivalled that of the city of Carnival had a certain Carmen I as Queen. There was to be Manila. It was a fortuitous event as their native son, Repre- another Capiz Carnival the next year, held on December 8 sentative Manuel A. Roxas had, by 1921, married Trinidad to 12, 1925. The next year, Capiz sent its first representa- de Leon, herself, a former Manila Carnival Queen. Roxas’s tive to the 1st National Beauty Contest of the Manila Carni- political stature would soon rise, becoming a Speaker of the val, in the person of Rosario Picazo. House for 12 consecutive years, and eventually elected as

CARMEN of CAPIZ. The Queen of the 1924 Capiz Petit Carnival and her royal court. (Alex R. Castro, The Manila Carnivals, 1908-39)

Flag exposition type handstamped slogan in 2 lines: CAPIZ PETIT CARNIVAL / DEC. 8-12, 1925.

Note: Listed in both Espiridion’s and Becker’s postal slogan catalogues. For many years of collecting, I have not seen an actual cover bearing this carnival slogan cachet.

51 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal REFERENCES:

1. The Zamboanga Fair. The Chicago Daily Tribune, April 24, 1911; p.8. 2. Report of the Governor General to the Secretary of War, 1911. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1912. 3. Alex R. Castro. Manila Carnivals 1908 to 1939. http://manilacarnivals.blogspot.com 4. Pablo Esperidion. The Philippine Postal Slogans. IPPS website. http://www.theipps.info/bibliography/Slogan-cancels.pdf. 5. John A. Larkin. Sugar and the Origins of Modern Philippine Society. University of California Press, 1993. 6. Hans Werner Becker. Catalogue of Philippine Postal Slogan Cancels, 2008. 7. The Philippinephilatelist.net website. 8. Dr. Tommy C. Sim Postal Slogan Collection. Eric Glohr to Discuss Hawaii Postal Cards at APS STAMPSHOW, Grand Rapids, Michigan, August 22, 2015

The International Philippine APSPhilatelic STAMPSHOW, Society (IPPS) and Augustthe United 22, States2015. PossessionsEric Philatelic Glohr, Society (USPPS) will jointly host a meeting at Saturday, Speaker, will discuss “Typ- ing the 1c, 2c, and 3c Kingdom of Hawaii Postal Cards”. Eric Glohr has won numerous medals on Hawaii material, in- cluding a Gold for “Hawaiian Postal Cards and Envelopes, Provisional Government and Republic Issues”. The joint meeting will also feature show-and-tell, so bring something interesting. IPPS and USPPS will share a society table at STAMPSHOW, where members can meet, share their show discoveries, and plan evening activities. All Philippine and Possessions collectors are welcome. Len McMaster, [email protected] For more information, contact at , or (304) 856-1118. Third Quarter 2010 Philippine Philatelic Journal

International Cuban Philatelic Society If you areInternational interestedhttp://www.philat/ICPS in Cuban Cuban philately, Philatelic we invite Society. you to join the The society was organized at the beginning of 2010 for the purpose of promoting Cuban philately and philatelic friendship among its members. We sponsor studies and research into the stamps and postal history of Cuba. We are committed to assisting our membershipOur andSociety the public, is dedicated in general, toin becoming the study more and familiar promotion with all aspects of Cuban of Cuban philately philately in and all we its look aspects. forward towards sharing that knowledge with you through these Internet pages and later through a more active participation in the society. We publish a quarterly journal as well as specialized publications The International Cuban Philatelic and hold Society periodic publishes auctions an English-Spanish of Cuban bilingual philatelic journal,www.cubafil.org material. Journal of Cuban Philately, containing a wide variety of articles on Cuban philately and news and announcements to keep our members informed of society meetings, activities, and events. The society also conducts periodic auctions of Cuban philatelic material and literature where members are able to sell their duplicateFor morematerial information and buy needed please items forvisit their our collections Website with at total confidence because all items sold through 52our auctions are backed by a guarantee of authenticity for the lifetime of the purchaser. Additional information on the journal and auctions can be found elsewhere in the Internet site by using the links provided.

We hope you find the society of interest to you and we welcome any inquiries you may have both about the society or about any aspect of Cuban philately regardless of whether you join.

Ernesto Cuesta P.O. Box 34434, Bethesda, MD 20827, U.S.A.

NEW STAMP ISSUES 2010

Unless otherwise stated, all stamps are printed by Amstar Company Inc., Litho-Offset (4 colors) on imported, unwatermarked paper, Perf. 14

New Definitive Stamps featuring Philippine Marine Biodiversity, Perf. 13½ June 15, 2010-P1-Yellow Seahorse-2.800.000; P5-Giant Clam-2.500.000; P20-Scarlet-Fringed Flatworm-900.000 July 15, 2010-P2-Pencil Urchin-3.346.000; P35-Red Grouper-1.066.000 July 23, 2010-P15-Bowmouth Guitarfish-350.000; P30-Chambered Nautilus-3.270.000

June 18, 2010 - 50th Anniversary of the Veterans June 18, 2010 - Bukidnon State University- Federation of the Philippines- P7pair-53.000 86th Anniversary-P7pair-52.500 18 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 Varieties on Republic Stamps by Rey Ong 1967, May 6 (actually August 31) Battle of Corregidor, 25th Anniversary souring POSITIONFurther scrutiny 47! of the entire 50 subject sheet shows the eagle with soaring eagle variety. variety clearly appearing on the corner lower block of 4 or This Image shows the block of 4 FDC with the (IT APPEARS TO BE A CONSTANT VARIETY variety just below the parachutist which is below WHICH CAN BE FOUND IN ALL SHEETS OR LOWER LEFT “AS” of Pilipinas ON BOTH VALUES (6c AND P5). CORNER BLOCK)

FDC with 6s BL4 and souring eagle variety

6s section 400% enlarged 5P section 400% enlarged

53 Second Quarter 2015 Philippine Philatelic Journal The 1996 Fish - these two very interesting sheets have the same serial number! WIDER GAP 4 1 NUMBER 4 Upon closer scrutiny, the sheet on top has a between the last two digits of and than the one underneath. Therefore it is safe to conclude that the last digit on the top sheet is actually with the vertical part of the digit only visible while the remaining left portion totally devoid from contact with the margin of the sheet!

300% enlarged

300% enlarged

2007 Centennial issue for Philippine School for the Deaf The serial numbers at 1st glance seem identical. However a closer look easily show the top sheet as the error! “8” “3”. The last digit is actually an with almost the entire vertical left half omitted. Thus, it now appears to look like a The lower correct sheet is just shown for purpose of comparison.

300% enlarged

300% enlarged

54 Philippine Philatelic Journal Second Quarter 2015 PPJ Update #2 NY2016 International Stamp Exhibition

The International Philippine Philatelic Society (IPPS) con- tinues to coordinate with NY2016 and our joint partner, MayUnited 28-June States 4, Possessions 2016. Philatelic Society (USPPS) on the International Exhibition at Javits Center, New York City, This international show comes to the United States only once every 10 years. The last was in Washington, DC in 2006. Over 250,000 visitors are ex- pected at the 8-day show. Over 200 stamp dealers and an astonishing 4,000 exhibit frames showing interesting col- lections of all types will be available to collectors and visi- tors. It is a must to see.

IPPS is anxiously awaiting the announcement of the 41 show hotels, contracted at rates rangingwww.theipps.info from $139/night to $425/night.Philippine As soon Philatelic as this Journal. information is announced, we will include it on the IPPS website ( ) and in the

IPPS and USPPS will jointly have a double societies table which will serve as a gathering place for all Philippine and possessions collectors. Nearly all possession societies will be represented at the tables. . A joint IPPS and USPPS meeting will occur on Monday, May 30, 2016, at 11:00 am-1:00 pm. The content of the meeting is in the planning stage.

One highly recommended side trip for collectors, families, and friends is High Line Park. The High Line, constructed in 1993, is a liner park built in Manhattan on an abandoned elevated New York Central Railway. The 1.75 mile park is a beautiful elevated walkway (free of bikes and skateboards) that pays homage to the wild plants (e.g., grasses, flowers, and shrubs) that colonized the abandoned railway. It is compared to an “elevated Central Park”. Below, are trendy restau- rants, art stores, and music (day and night in the local nightclubs and restaurants). Amazingly, the “uptown” entrance to High Line Park starts at the Javits Center. Talk about convenient for stamp collectors and friends. As far as non-philatelic events are concerned, High Line Park is a must to walk and enjoy.

High Line Park, New York, NY

Watch for more Updates, published in each PPJ, until showtime. 55