DOCSLIB.ORG

Irak : Bagdad Et Erbil Toujours En Désaccord Sur Le Budget

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Irak : Bagdad Et Erbil Toujours En Désaccord Sur Le Budget INSTITUT KURDDE PARIS E Bulletin de liaison et d’information N°336 mars 2013 La publication de ce Bulletin bénéficie de subventions du Ministère français des Affaires étrangères (DGCID) et du Fonds d’action et de soutien pour l’intégration et la lutte contre les discriminations (FASILD) ————— Ce bulletin paraît en français et anglais Prix au numéro : France: 6 € — Etranger : 7,5 € Abonnement annuel (12 numéros) France : 60 € — Etranger : 75 € Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Numéro de la Commission Paritaire : 659 13 A.S. ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01- 48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01- 48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: [email protected] Bulletin de liaison et d’information de l’Institut kurde de Paris N° 336 mars 2013 • TURQUIE : ÖCALAN APPELLE À DÉCRÉTER UN CESSEZ-LE-FEU ET À RETIRER SES COMBATTANTS DE TURQUIE • SYRIE : VERS UNE ÉVOLUTION DE LA GUERRE DANS LES RÉGIONS KURDES ? • IRAK : BAGDAD ET ERBIL TOUJOURS EN DÉSACCORD SUR LE BUDGET • KURDISTAN D’IRAK : HALABJA, 25 ANS APRÈS • LONDRES : RECONNAISSANCE DU GÉNOCIDE KURDE PAR LE PARLEMENT BRITANNIQUE • CULTURE : PARUTION D’UNE « HISTOIRE DE LA SYRIE CONTEMPORAINE », DE MIRELLA GALLETTI TURQUIE : ÖCALAN APPELLE À DÉCRÉTER UN CESSEZ-LE-FEU ET À RETIRER SES COMBATTANTS DE TURQUIE uit fonctionnaires et Pendant ce temps-là, dans la gestes turcs en parallèle aux agents de sécurité turcs société civile et politique kurde, avancées kurdes. De même Lütfi retenus à Qandil depuis on assiste à la fois à une sorte Baksi, président du parti H deux ans ont été libérés d’effervescence incertaine et KADEP, juge que les Kurdes et le le 13 mars par le PKK, d’inquiétude prudente sur les Kurdistan doivent être mention- comme premier « geste » du pro- différentes étapes de ce proces- nés explicitement dans la cessus de paix initié entre sus. Réunions et plate-formes se Constitution, sans quoi il n’y Abdullah Öcalan, le chef empri- multiplient, entre responsables aurait pas de réelle résolution de sonné du PKK et le gouverne- du BDP, le principal parti poli- la question kurde, la citoyenneté ment turc. tique pro-kurde, ceux du DTK « turque » restant un déni de la qui rassemble des ONG kurdes. réalité des Kurdes. Bawer Dersim, un commandant militaire du PKK a déclaré, le Le président du parti kurde İmam Taşçıer (DDKD), critique jour de cette libération, que « la HAK-PAR a exprimé sa convic- la seule représentation du BDP balle était maintenant dans le tion que la question kurde ne dans les rencontres avec Öcalan, camp de la Turquie », même si pouvait être résolue que dans un en soulignant qu’eux aussi « ont cette dernière s’est montré sobre cadre fédéral (à l’instar du des suggestions ». D’autres, dans l'expression de sa recon- Kurdistan d'Irak, donc) et a aussi comme Nusrettin Maçin, prési- naissance, se contentant de insisté sur la nécessité de rédiger dent du bureau de Diyarbakır saluer le retour des prisonniers, une nouvelle constitution. Selon pour le parti ÖDP, s'interroge retour qualifié d’ « acte humani- lui, le processus qui s’amorce sur le fait de savoir si les ren- taire » par le ministre de n’est pas exactement une phase contres d’Imralı portent sur le l’Intérieur, Muammer Guler, de négociations, mais plutôt une seul désarmement du PKK ou alors que ces enlèvement étaient, étape de « dialogue et de norma- sur la question kurde dans son eux, des « violations inhumaines lisation » et, s’il soutient le retrait ensemble, en critiquant égale- des libertés » qui ne devaient et le désarmement par étapes du ment le fait que les projecteurs plus jamais se reproduire. PKK, il réclame, lui aussi, des soient braqués sur le PKK, lais- • 2 • Bulletin de liaison et d’information n° 336 • mars 2013 sant de côté le reste des cercles répressives », Öcalan annonce tard, l'absence de drapeau turc militants kurdes, même s’il est ainsi une ère nouvelle qui voit lors des célébrations du Newroz, douteux qu’Erdogan laisse se s’ouvrir « l’époque de la poli- tâchant ainsi d’apparaître à la former un « Conseil national tique démocratique. Un proces- fois comme « l’homme qui va kurde » en Turquie, comme celui sus essentiellement politique, sauver la Turquie de la guerre », des Kurdes de Syrie. social et économique débute. La mais sans trop se compromettre, mentalité qui met l’accent sur la vis-à-vis d’une opinion publique Après avoir reçu le projet rédigé liberté, l’égalité et les droits turque très hostile au PKK, dans par Öcalan, remis en mains démocratiques progresse. » le rôle de « l’homme qui a tendu propres par une délégation du la main aux terroristes ». BDP, l’Union des communautés Les seuls points concrets et pré- du Kurdistan (KCK, soit l’orga- cis sont la confirmation d'un L’appel au cessez-le-feu a, bien nisation politique du PKK) appel pressant à faire taire les sûr, été salué par toutes les par- Murat Karayilan a répondu par armes pour laisser place à un ties non concernées directement, lettre à son leader, exprimant son processus politique et à ce que que ce soit l’Union européenne, soutien et son adhésion à son les « éléments armés » du PKK les États-Unis, le Secrétaire géné- plan de paix, tout en lui soumet- se retirent de Turquie et le pro- ral de l'ONU et le Gouvernement tant les « opinions et proposi- bable abandon de toute forme régional du Kurdistan d’Irak. tions » émanant des militants «d’autonomie « des régions (sans en préciser la teneur) : kurdes, car s’adressant ensuite Du côté turc, dans la presse, « Dans toutes nos réunions, nous au « cher peuple de Turquie », Taraf (un journal de gauche) avons convenu, nous avons déci- Öcalan insiste sur l‘unité histo- s’enthousiasmait pour ce « prin- dé très clairement, que la pers- rique des Kurdes et des Turcs temps de Turquie ». Milliyet pective stratégique mise en avant qui doit servir à ce qu'ils fon- titrait « L'Adieu aux armes » et par notre leader est correcte et dent ensemble une « modernité Hürriyet annonçait de même la que nous y adhérerons. démocratique » : « L’heure n’est fin d’une ère militaire. Cependant il y a plusieurs préoc- pas à la désunion, à la guerre et cupations et problèmes qui aux combats ; l’heure est à Mais à l’intérieur des mêmes jour- nécessitent d’être surmontés .» l’union, l’alliance, les retrou- naux, des éditorialistes, comme vailles et le pardon ».Sur le cadre l’historien Murat Bardakci Le 18 mars, une autre rencontre et la structure politique qui servi- (Haberturk), faisaient part de entre des représentants du BDP raient à cette nouvelle société, leurs doutes et incertitudes sur la et Öcalan a pu avoir lieu à Imralı Öcalan indique que « pour créer possibilité d’une paix fondée sur et le chef du PKK a ainsi fait ce modèle, il est inévitable de la seule déclaration d’Öcalan, monter la pression en annonçant s’inspirer à nouveau des cultures « après tant d’années, d’affronte- qu‘un appel historique serait lu antiques des terres de la ments, de deuils » (Fuat Keyman le 21 mars, jour du Newroz, où il Mésopotamie et de l’Anatolie », de Milliyet). D’aucuns ont suppo- serait fait mention d’une démo- ce qui ne nous en apprend guère sé une contrepartie secrète, en rai- cratisation pour l’ensemble de la plus. son de l’absence criante de condi- Turquie, d’une solution apportée tions posées de la part d'Öcalan. à la question du désarmement et Plus loin, Kurdes, Turkmènes, Sa libération serait-elle en jeu ? Le au soutien qu’il attendait de la Assyriens et Arabes sont appe- Premier ministre turc l’a nié avec part des partis politiques et du lés, eux aussi, à s’unir au sein vigueur, affirmant qu’il ne s’agis- Parlement turc, ce dernier d’une « Conférence de la paix et sait pas d’un « marchandage ». devant surtout, selon lui, de la solidarité nationale » afin prendre en charge la question du qu'ils « discutent de leurs véri- Du côté kurde, il était aussi pré- retrait de la guerilla. tés, s’informent et prennent des visible qu’une fois l'exaltation décisions » mais cela semble plu- passée, à la relecture, les doutes Ainsi le 21 mars, à Diyarbakir, tôt concerner la Syrie et l’Irak. ou l’incertitude prennent le devant des centaines de milliers relais. Ertugrul Ozkok fait ainsi de Kurdes, la députée BDP Pervin Le jour-même, Recep Tayyip remarquer, dans Hürriyet, qu’en Buldan a lu le message d'Öcalan Edrdogan, alors aux Pays-Bas, dehors de Diyarbakir, les villes en kurde et son collègue Sırrı déclarait simplement que les kurdes n‘ont pas particulière- Sureyya Önder en turc. opérations militaires turques ment exprimé de liesse ou de pourraient cesser si les Kurdes soulagement, mais ne sait s’il S’élevant contre « les mentalités du PKK cessaient le combat. Il a s’agit là d’une bonne ou d’une colonialistes, négationnistes et même critiqué, trois jours plus mauvaise chose. Bekir Coşkun, n° 336 • mars 2013 Bulletin de liaison et d’information • 3• de Cumhurriyet, a demandé car- Gultan Kişanak, co-présidente un possible successeur d’Öcalan rément quelles concessions la « du BDP, a aussi très vite exigé mais que Murat Karayılan a peu république turque » avait faite à des garanties de la part des à peu évincé, a ainsi déclaré sur « celui qui est en prison. » Turcs, afin que ceux qui soutien- Nûçe TV (une chaine pro PKK) draient les initiatives pour le qu’il fallait des garanties légales Seul Taraf continuait d’être porté processus ne soient pas, une fois à un tel retrait, cette demande de par l'enthousiasme, sous la de plus, inquiétés judiciairement, « protection » étant relayée par le plume de l’éditorialiste Ildiray alors que presque tous les repré- reste des commandants mili- Ogur, qui parlait, lui aussi, d’une sentants politiques kurde ont taires.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Potential for an Assad Statelet in Syria
    THE POTENTIAL FOR AN ASSAD STATELET IN SYRIA Nicholas A. Heras THE POTENTIAL FOR AN ASSAD STATELET IN SYRIA Nicholas A. Heras policy focus 132 | december 2013 the washington institute for near east policy www.washingtoninstitute.org The opinions expressed in this Policy Focus are those of the author and not necessar- ily those of The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, its Board of Trustees, or its Board of Advisors. MAPS Fig. 1 based on map designed by W.D. Langeraar of Michael Moran & Associates that incorporates data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP- WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC. Figs. 2, 3, and 4: detail from The Tourist Atlas of Syria, Syria Ministry of Tourism, Directorate of Tourist Relations, Damascus. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publica- tion may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2013 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1050 Washington, DC 20036 Cover: Digitally rendered montage incorporating an interior photo of the tomb of Hafez al-Assad and a partial view of the wheel tapestry found in the Sheikh Daher Shrine—a 500-year-old Alawite place of worship situated in an ancient grove of wild oak; both are situated in al-Qurdaha, Syria. Photographs by Andrew Tabler/TWI; design and montage by 1000colors.
    [Show full text]
  • Al-Qamishli the Syrian Kurdish Rebellion
    Cities in Revolution Al-Qamishli The Syrian Kurdish Rebellion Researcher: Sabr Darwish Project leader: Mohammad Dibo Translator: Lilah Khoja Supported by Cities in Revolution حكاية ما انحكت SyriaUntold Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Chapter One: The Uprising 5 I. The First Steps of the Uprising .............................................................5 II. Committees and the Parties .................................................................8 III. Challenging the City’s Elders ................................................................9 IV. The Weekly Demonstrations ...............................................................11 V. The Popular Movement’s Setbacks .....................................................14 Chapter Two: Recovery of Civil Society Organizations 19 I. Birati: Fraternity Foundation for Human Rights ...................................19 II. Shar for Development .........................................................................20 III. Other organizations .............................................................................22 Chapter Three: Autonomy in Al-Qamishli 25 I. Introduction ........................................................................................25 II. Democratic Self-Rule Project ..............................................................27 III. Fledgling Democratic Institutions ........................................................28 IV. Self-Rule and the Lack of Democracy ................................................30 V. Silencing
    [Show full text]
  • Humanitarian Bulletin
    Humanitarian Bulletin Syria Issue 34 | 10-23 September 2013 In this issue Issue 34 | 10-23 September 2013 Medical services need protection P.1 Calls for access to trapped civilians P.2 International community cannot forget crisis P.3 HIGHLIGHTS Crisis undermines progress towards MDGs P.3 Medical facilities, personnel Overview of the UN-coordinated response P.5 and wounded and sick must Humanitarian response only 45% funded P.9 be afforded special protection Photo: UNICEF/BHalabi Calls for access to civilians trapped in contested areas Momentum builds towards a Call for respect and protection of medical political solution to the conflict facilities and personnel Crisis undermines Syria’s The health situation continues to deteriorate across Syria progress towards MDGs Across Syria, the health situation continues to deteriorate with shortages of medicines, UN response plans remain the deliberate targeting of medical workers and health facilities by all parties, restrictions underfunded on the delivery of medical supplies to affected areas, and difficulties in accessing health care due to insecurity. FIGURES Of particular concern is the destruction of hospitals, assaults on medical professionals, Population 21.4 m and clinics, the impact of the conflict on pharmaceutical factories, as well as the challenge # of people in 6.8 m to import medicines to meet chronic medical needs, given economic sanctions. Medicines need needed include those for treatment of cancer, vaccines and medicines for chronic # of IDPs 4.25 m conditions. Additional ambulances are also needed. Some 60 per cent of public hospitals, 34 per cent of public health centres and 92 per cent of public ambulances have been # of Syrian 2.1 m refugees in affected.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Appeal Final Report Syria: Floods
    Emergency Appeal Final Report Syria: Floods Emergency Appeal Operation n° MDRSY004 Date of issue: 08 April 2020 GLIDE n° FL-2019-000031-SYR Date of disaster: 31 March - 30 April 2019 Operation start date:12 April 2019 Operation end date:15 October 2019 Host National Society presence: Syrian Arab Red Operation budget: CHF 3,500,000 Crescent (SARC) Headquarters; Al-Hassakeh Branch (75 staff and 120 volunteers covering Al- DREF amount allocated: CHF 500,000 (12 April 2019) Hassakeh Governorate) Number of people affected: 235,000 Number of people assisted: Planned 45,000; actual 153,417 Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners involved in the operation: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC); International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), British Red Cross, Canadian Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, German Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross and Swiss Red Cross. Other partner organizations involved in the operation: National government authorities, Al-Hassakeh Governorate and local authorities, and World Food Programme (WFP). The IFRC, on behalf of SARC, would like to thank the following for their generous contributions to this Appeal: Canadian Red Cross (from Canadian Government), Red Cross Society of China Hong Kong Branch, Finnish Red Cross, Japanese Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross (from Netherlands Government) and Swedish Red Cross. In addition, SARC would like to thank the following for their bilateral contributions: British Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, German Red Cross and Swiss Red Cross. Summary This Emergency Appeal was launched on 15 April 2019, seeking CHF 3.5 million to enable IFRC to support Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) to provide assistance to 45,000 people affected by floods in Al-Hassakeh Governorate in northeast Syria, over a six-month period, mid-April to mid-October 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Two-Week Conflict Summary | 11 – 24 November 2019
    TWO-WEEK CONFLICT SUMMARY | 11 – 24 NOVEMBER 2019 WHOLE OF SYRIA SUMMARY • NORTHWEST | The first advances of the Government of Syria (GoS) since August were reported in the southeastern parts of the Hayyat Tahrir ash Sham (HTS)-dominated northwest. Inside the enclave, widespread demonstrations took place against HTS and its civilian body, the Salvation Government. In Jarablus, the first suicide attack in over two years occurred on 19 November. • SOUTH & CENTRAL | There were prolonged clashes between GoS personnel and armed groups. Also, the first civilian protests against Hezbollah’s presence in southern Syria took place. Two waves of Israeli airstrikes targeted a Palestinian Islamic Jihad commander and Iranian- linked sites in and around Damascus. • NORTHEAST | Territorial changes occurred in the northeast as the Turkish-led Operation Peace Spring continued. Russia and Turkey deployed additional patrols in Raqqa and Hassakeh governorates. In the Euphrates and Khabour River Valleys, attacks against SDF personnel continued. Also, improvised explosive devices (IED) targeted three areas of Qamishli city. Figure 1: Dominant actors’ area of control and influence in Syria as of 21 November 2019. Please see the footnote on page 2 for further details. Page 1 of 7 TWO-WEEK CONFLICT SUMMARY 11 – 24 NOVEMBER 2019 NORTHWEST SYRIA1 GoS forces advanced in the Hayyat Tahrir al Sham (HTS)-dominated northwest during the reporting period. By 17 November, GoS had captured Tal Al Khaznah and Luwaybdah villages in the southeast of the enclave, before taking the National Liberation Front-controlled (NLF) Musheifra Shamaliyah, Um Al Khalil, and Ard al Zurzur villages by the end of the reporting period (Figure 2).
    [Show full text]
  • The PYD's Precarious Rise in Syria
    Flight of Icarus? The PYD’s Precarious Rise in Syria Middle East Report N°151 | 8 May 2014 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. An Opportunity Grasped .................................................................................................. 4 A. The PKK Returns to Syria .......................................................................................... 4 B. An Unspoken Alliance? .............................................................................................. 7 C. Brothers and Rivals .................................................................................................... 10 III. From Fighters to Rulers ................................................................................................... 12 A. The Rojava Project ..................................................................................................... 12 B. In Need of Protection ................................................................................................. 16 IV. Messy Geopolitics ............................................................................................................. 18 A. Turkey and
    [Show full text]
  • Syria: Internally Displaced Persons, Returnees and Internal Mobility — 3
    European Asylum Support Office Syria Internally displaced persons, returnees and internal mobility Country of Origin Information Report April 2020 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office Syria Internally displaced persons, returnees and internal mobility Country of Origin Information Report April 2020 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9485-158-1 doi: 10.2847/460038 © European Asylum Support Office (EASO) 2020 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: © DFID - UK Department for International Development, Syrian women and girls in an informal tented settlement in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon, 3 February 2017, (CC BY 2.0) https://www.flickr.com/photos/dfid/31874898573 EASO COUNTRY OF ORIGIN REPORT SYRIA: INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS, RETURNEES AND INTERNAL MOBILITY — 3 Acknowledgements EASO would like to acknowledge Sweden, Swedish Migration Agency, Country of Origin Information, Section for Information Analysis, as the drafter of this report. The following departments and organisations have reviewed the report: Denmark, Danish Immigration Service (DIS) ACCORD, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation It must be noted that the review carried out by the mentioned departments, experts or organisations contributes to the overall quality of the report, but does not necessarily imply their formal endorsement of the final report, which is the full responsibility of EASO. 4 — EASO COUNTRY OF ORIGIN REPORT SYRIA: INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS, RETURNEES AND INTERNAL MOBILITY Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • In PDF Format, Please Click Here
    Deprivatio of Existence The use of Disguised Legalization as a Policy to Seize Property by Successive Governments of Syria A special report sheds light on discrimination projects aiming at radical demographic changes in areas historically populated by Kurds Acknowledgment and Gratitude The present report is the result of a joint cooperation that extended from 2018’s second half until August 2020, and it could not have been produced without the invaluable assistance of witnesses and victims who had the courage to provide us with official doc- uments proving ownership of their seized property. This report is to be added to researches, books, articles and efforts made to address the subject therein over the past decades, by Syrian/Kurdish human rights organizations, Deprivatio of Existence individuals, male and female researchers and parties of the Kurdish movement in Syria. Syrians for Truth and Justice (STJ) would like to thank all researchers who contributed to documenting and recording testimonies together with the editors who worked hard to produce this first edition, which is open for amendments and updates if new credible information is made available. To give feedback or send corrections or any additional documents supporting any part of this report, please contact us on [email protected] About Syrians for Truth and Justice (STJ) STJ started as a humble project to tell the stories of Syrians experiencing enforced disap- pearances and torture, it grew into an established organization committed to unveiling human rights violations of all sorts committed by all parties to the conflict. Convinced that the diversity that has historically defined Syria is a wealth, our team of researchers and volunteers works with dedication at uncovering human rights violations committed in Syria, regardless of their perpetrator and victims, in order to promote inclusiveness and ensure that all Syrians are represented, and their rights fulfilled.
    [Show full text]
  • WHO Syria, Weeks 1-2, 1 – 16 January 2019
    WHO Syria, Weeks 1-2, 1 – 16 January 2019 General developments & political & security situation Heavy engagements are still reported between SDF and ISIL in their last foothold in Hajin, South East rural Deir Ez- Zour. The UN Statement expressing concern for the protection of civilians in Hajin and conditions in Rukban (15 January 2019), https://reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/united-nations-syrian-arab-republic-statement-expressing- concern SAA military operations consisted of ground shelling is continued against NSAGs positions along the frontline axis of Idlib and Hama Governorates, while relative calm was observed over Aleppo city and its environs. HTS and the National Liberation Front (NLF) reached an agreement to put an end to the fighting in Al-Ghab plain in North-west rural Hama. According to state media, a new batch of displaced Syrians returned from Al- Azraq and Zaatari Jordan to their towns and villages via Nassib Border crossing with Jordan. Russian source: Terrorists preparing for new chemical attacks on civilians and Army units in northern rural Hama and M'arrat An-Nu'man in Idleb and are stocking toxic chemicals in several warehouses in Idleb and Hama and northern rural Latakia. Al-Moallem to Pederson: Syria is ready to cooperate with you for success of your mission in facilitating Syrian-Syrian dialogue, in order to reach political solution, eliminate terrorism, end illegal foreign presence on all Syrian territory and preserve unity, sovereignty and independence of Syria ... Pedersen: Political process must be Syrian-led and owned, otherwise it will not succeed. Closure of Al-Rukban camp eminent, but no date set, pending withdrawal of US forces and lifting political cover protecting armed militias controlling the camp.
    [Show full text]
  • The PKK's Fateful Choice in Northern Syria
    The PKK’s Fateful Choice in Northern Syria Middle East Report N°176 | 4 May 2017 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 149 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Inside the PKK’s Syria Adventure .................................................................................... 3 A. Competing Priorities .................................................................................................. 3 B. The Critical Role of PKK-trained Cadres in Northern Syria ..................................... 5 C. The PKK’s Domestication in Syria ............................................................................. 7 D. Ruling from Behind ................................................................................................... 10 III. A Military-driven Approach ............................................................................................. 12 A. Complementary Objectives, Different Priorities ....................................................... 12 B. The Unintended Consequences of Military Assistance ............................................. 13 C. More Land, More Challenges ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Humanitarian Assistance in Syria
    Japan’s Additional Humanitarian Assistance March, 2021 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to Syria and its Neighboring Countries JAPAN Japan provides about $200 million for the humanitarian assistance and social stabilization support through International organizations in 2021. [Overview] •Japan’s assistance consists of emergency humanitarian assistance (food assistance and emergency life-savings) and wide-ranging humanitarian assistance from medium to long-term perspective (Health, Water and Sanitation, Education, Vocational training, etc.) •It also includes humanitarian assistance to vulnerable refugees and IDPs in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and mitigate its social and economic impact. Education (Breakdown for $200 million) •Inside Syria: About $90 million •Neighboring countries*: About $110 million (*Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq, and Egypt) ©UND ©UNHCR P Major examples for recent assistance Health ○Winterization, WASH, and health assistance mainly in North West Syria ： $7.2million ○ Restoring Al-Qamishli National hospital in Al-Hasakah Governorate and provision ©SARC ©UNRW A of medical equipments：$6million Food Distribution Water and Sanitation ○Rehabilitation of water and sewage facilities and maternal and child health care support in Eastern Ghouta：$4.7million ○Strengthening Food security through increasing productivity of wheat in al Hasakah Governorate：$9million ©WFP ©UNICEF The total amount of Japan’s assistance to Syria and neighboring countries since 2012: More than $3.1 billion March, 2021 Annex: Japan’s effort to Syria and neighboring countries MOFA Situation of Syrian refugees/internally displaced persons (IDPs) Humanitarian Assistance in Syria Assistance for neighboring countries Syrian refugees/IDPs and Iraqi IDPs are forced to live under difficult Japan provides assistance through Japan provides assistance to Syrian refugees in conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • WFP's Head of Office in Syria Visited Qamishli Where He Met
    WFP’s Head of Office in Syria visited Qamishli where he met with cooperating partners to discuss the prevalence of severe access constraints in Al-Hassakeh governorate. Most camp markets in Turkey have changed their hours of operation to work from mid-day to midnight during the holy month of Ramadan. Additional vulnerable and impoverished neighbourhoods have been added to the current WFP- assisted locations in Egypt. SYRIA WFP is continuing to WFP/Syria dispatch food for distribution throughout Syria as part of an 0ngoing scale-up to reach 3 million people during the July cycle. By 24 July, 449,980 family food rations for almost 2.25 million people, or 75 percent of the monthly plan, had been dispatched to 14 governorates. Five governorates have thus far received 100 percent of their allocation. However, due to insecurity on the roads, WFP is currently experiencing difficulties dispatching food to partners in some areas of Idleb, Deir-ez-Zor and Rural Damascus. As of 24 July, WFP had only dispatched six percent of the planned allocation for Idleb governorate. Monthly distribution cycles are typically completed over 1.5 months due to access constraints which not only impact the speed at which WFP food assistance is dispatched, but also how quickly food is distributed by partners. Distributions for the June cycle, in which WFP dispatched enough food for 2.5 million people, concluded by partners on 25 July. Thus far, according to tentative distribution figures, 477,232 family food rations for almost 2.4 beneficiaries have been distributed across Syria. Given the exceptionally challenging operating environment in Syria, WFP recognizes the difficulty of obtaining timely distribution figures and continues to reconcile distribution data through regular contact with partners.
    [Show full text]