 WFP’s Head of Office in Syria visited Qamishli where he met with cooperating partners to discuss the prevalence of severe access constraints in Al-Hassakeh governorate.

 Most camp markets in Turkey have changed their hours of operation to work from mid-day to midnight during the holy month of Ramadan.

 Additional vulnerable and impoverished neighbourhoods have been added to the current WFP- assisted locations in Egypt. SYRIA

WFP is continuing to WFP/Syria dispatch food for distribution throughout Syria as part of an 0ngoing scale-up to reach 3 million people during the July cycle. By 24 July, 449,980 family food rations for almost 2.25 million people, or 75 percent of the monthly plan, had been dispatched to 14 governorates. Five governorates have thus far received 100 percent of their allocation. However, due to insecurity on the roads, WFP is currently experiencing difficulties dispatching food to partners in some areas of Idleb, Deir-ez-Zor and Rural Damascus. As of 24 July, WFP had only dispatched six percent of the planned allocation for Idleb governorate.

Monthly distribution cycles are typically completed over 1.5 months due to access constraints which not only impact the speed at which WFP food assistance is dispatched, but also how quickly food is distributed by partners. Distributions for the June cycle, in which WFP dispatched enough food for 2.5 million people, concluded by partners on 25 July. Thus far, according to tentative distribution figures, 477,232 family food rations for almost 2.4 beneficiaries have been distributed across Syria. Given the exceptionally challenging operating environment in Syria, WFP recognizes the difficulty of obtaining timely distribution figures and continues to reconcile distribution data through regular contact with partners.

Homs & Aleppo

WFP is monitoring population flows from Homs city, where heavy fighting has reportedly trapped an estimated 2,500 people. In addition to a stock of ready-to-eat rations sufficient for 5,000 people prepositioned at the Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) warehouse in Homs, WFP has dispatched a further 2,000 ready-to-eat rations, sufficient to feed 10,000 people, to a charity partner warehouse in Al-Waa-er, Homs. This consignment will allow for an immediate response if and when families currently trapped in Homs city are able to flee.

In light of an increasing need for immediate food assistance, WFP is procuring more ready-to-eat rations in order to rapidly and effectively assist newly displaced families. Such rations can be consumed in the absence of cooking facilities and are often the form of canned foods including fava beans, chickpea paste (humus) and canned meat.

In Aleppo city, where the humanitarian situation continues to deteriorate, SARC has requested the deployment of joint humanitarian convoys to supply additional much- needed relief items. On 16 July, a convoy of ten trucks departed for the city, carrying enough monthly family food rations for 22,750 people and ready-to-eat rations for 15,000 people, in addition to 6 mt of high energy biscuits and 80 mt of wheat flour. This followed the delivery of food rations sufficient for 28,000 beneficiaries and 80 mt of wheat flour on 14 July, as part of a joint humanitarian convoy supported by the Logistics Cluster. Preparations are underway for the deployment of a third convoy in the coming days. Operational Constraints

An upsurge in violence across flashpoint areas of Damascus and Homs is further complicating the delivery of assistance. A proliferation of additional checkpoints around Damascus city is affecting the pace of food dispatches, while active military operations in some areas are restricting access by WFP staff for monitoring purposes.

Challenges remain in reaching Al-Rastan in Homs. While the first of two planned inter- agency convoys reached Al-Rastan on 14 June, the second has been repeatedly rescheduled since. The latest convoy, planned for 17 July, did not receive the necessary approvals.

Across Syria, inadequate resourcing continues to constrain WFP operations, leading to the reduction of some commodities in the ration. From July to December, WFP operations inside Syria will cost US$312 million, of which US$196 million remain unfunded.

WFP Syria Head of Office Visits Qamishli

WFP’s Head of Office in Syria, Matthew Hollingworth, visited Qamishli this week where he met with cooperating partners to discuss the prevalence of severe access constraints in Al-Hassakeh governorate. WFP deliveries to the governorate have been hindered by armed groups for the past three months. Although WFP has been able to access Al-Hassakeh with some assistance, it has not been able to deliver food at the frequency that meets the needs of the population. As a result, all possible delivery options into the governorate are being considered.

Operational Reach and Partners

WFP’s Syria operations are managed through a broad implementation infrastructure– including eight warehouses, packaging facilities in Damascus and Safita, and sub-offices in Tartous, Qamishli, Homs and Aleppo – which helps to maximize the coverage of WFP food assistance across Syria. While sub-office staff from Aleppo and Homs are temporarily working from alternative locations, WFP will re-open its premises in these cities as soon as the security situation permits. In July, WFP is working with 22 local charity partners in addition to SARC. Efforts continue to identify additional qualified cooperating partners to facilitate the ongoing scale-up to WFP’s response. Starting in October 2013, WFP plans to reach 4 million people inside Syria.

Food and Agriculture Sector Coordination

The Food and Agriculture Sector working group is continuing to coordinate amongst members in order to maximize complementarities and minimize gaps and overlaps in the delivery of assistance. As part of a broader inter-agency strategy to combine respective resources and response capacities for hotspot areas, the sector is developing contingency plans for Homs, Aleppo and Rural Damascus, where intensified fighting is increasing humanitarian needs.

JORDAN

According to reports, over 30,000 The development of Azraq camp. IDPs are seeking entry into Jordan from Syria. As a result, WFP is scaling up its contingency planning by procuring additional food both through local and regional channels and by preparing for the opening of Azraq camp, a second large refugee camp in Jordan, in September.

While preparations for the arrival of a greater number of refugees are underway, WFP continues its operations in both camp and non- camp settings. In Jordanian WFP/Ryan Beech communities where WFP provides assistance via food vouchers, distributions were extended in order to include as many beneficiaries as possible in the voucher programme during Ramadan. While reconciliation of figures pertaining to the number of beneficiaries reached are ongoing, UNCHR camp population figures continue to drop as ration cards for those who have left Al Za’atri camp are deactivated.

WFP also continues to coordinate with the Saudi Relief Committee and Campaigns (SRCC) for the distribution of Saudi food donations in Al Za’atri camp. For the second July cycle, the SRCC has donated 179,544 cans of corned beef to be distributed alongside WFP dry rations, WFP date bars and UNHCR complementary food.

Joint Interagency Mission to Jordan

As part of an annual joint mission to an area with unique challenges for programming, WFP Assistant Executive Director, Mr. Ramiro Armando De Oliveira Lopes Da Silva, UNICEF Deputy Executive Director, Ms. Yoka Brandt and UNHCR Assistant High Commissioner (Operations), Ms. Janet Lim visited Jordan on 13 and 14 July. The joint visit examined how UNICEF, UNHCR and WFP could strengthen their operations in Jordan for both immediate needs of refugees as well as how best to alleviate the burden on Jordanian host communities in the medium to long term. The mission visited a WFP voucher distribution in Tarbarbour before observing programmes in Al Za’atri camp and the development of operations in the upcoming Azraq refugee camp. The mission agreed on implementation of vulnerability analysis and mapping assessments which will include both local communities and refugees to across the region to inform the sixth revision of the Regional Response Plan.

Security

Fighting between refugees in the waiting area of the distribution point resulted in the closure of the distribution site on 11 and 14 July. Although distributions continued, tensions remained high until distributions concluded for the cycle. Additional security was required due to the substantial increase in the volume of commodities distributed.

Given rising tensions, WFP and partner Save the Children agreed on the need to better engage community leaders to improve crowd control measures during food distribution days. This measure, along with the recruitment of additional security staff and the deployment of police at the FDP, will help improve security around WFP’s distribution site.

Monitoring

During the reporting period, WFP monitored 18 distributions and conducted 72 household post-distribution monitoring surveys in Al Za’atri camp. WFP field monitors observed that the installation of the new cell tower has ensured continued internet connectivity during the verification process at distributions, hence decreasing beneficiary waiting times.

In Jordanian communities, where WFP visited 12 partner shops and conducted 41 post- distribution monitoring surveys, some beneficiaries complained about high prices in several of the partner shops. WFP is continually monitoring shop prices and working with cooperating partners to expand the number of partner shops in order to prevent monopolistic tendencies. Nonetheless, beneficiaries continued to express their satisfaction with the WFP voucher programme, with many citing WFP vouchers as the only source of humanitarian assistance that they receive.

LEBANON

WFP plans to assist over 560,000 beneficiaries in July. Thus far, over 90 percent of the targeted populations have been reached with either food vouchers or food parcels. Since the start of 2013, WFP has distributed over US$54 million worth of vouchers to Syrian families seeking refuge across Lebanon. These refugees do not reside in camps and are hosted in communities, presenting opportunities for WFP to work with pre-existing local markets in the implementation of its voucher programme. However, operating completely in a non-camp environment also presents several challenges. Evictions of Syrian refugees from rented accommodation have forced more and more to take shelter in unauthorized, improvised tented settlements. This issue is particularly prevalent in northern Lebanon but is also becoming more and more evident in Beirut, where an increasing number of refugees are squatting in communal areas, illustrating the deepening vulnerability of Syrian families in Lebanon. There are some indications that such vulnerable refugees may be resorting to negative coping strategies, such as reducing the number of meals, which may have significant impacts on their nutritional wellbeing.

Security

Many areas in which WFP regularly operates continue to be inherently unstable with serious breaches of security occurring regularly and unpredictably. Tensions continue to rise around the Lebanese capital with a large Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) exploding in Bir al Abed, a crowded neighbourhood in the southern suburbs of Beirut on 9 July. Furthermore, rocket and shell attacks from Syria continue in northern Lebanon and the Bekaa Valley where almost 75 percent of WFP beneficiaries are located.

Isolated security incidents continue to impact WFP operations directly. On 2 July, an armed man approached WFP staff members conducting beneficiary interviews in the Baalbeck area; after interrogating the field monitors to uncover their religious affiliation, demanded that they stop the interview. On 10 July, a violent dispute took place in front of the distribution site in Tripoli. WFP and partner staff have been advised to immediately close the secured compound in such instances until a resolution has been reached or the police have arrived.

TURKEY

During the reporting period, WFP and the Turkish Red Crescent (TRC) reached 110,000 beneficiaries in 14 camps through the e-Food Card. A total of US$ 4.6 million was uploaded onto the e-Food Cards in July, bringing the total to US$18.8 million distributed in 2013 thus far.

Refugees in Adiyaman camp are the latest beneficiaries of WFP and WFP/Laure Chadraoui TRC’s e-Food Card. Distribution of the cards in the camp began on 15 July to 9,850 refugees across 2,275 tents. Syrian families residing in the camp can now purchase food at two shops, with a third opening in the coming weeks. Prior to distributing the e-Food Cards, WFP and TRC staff provided information and training sessions to camp management and market owners to ensure that the programme’s system and regulations were well understood. Education sessions for beneficiaries are also ongoing. In addition to the e-Food Card value of 80TL (approximately US$42) for food items, beneficiaries will also receive 20TL (approximately US$10) from the Government of Turkey to purchase Non Food Items (NFI). Although the NFI assistance is not provided by the e-Food Card, refugees may purchase their items from the same markets. This is line with a broader strategy by the government to phase out direct distribution of NFIs in most camps and instead provide 20TL per person in cash or through electronic transfers.

Food Availability during Ramadan

Most camp markets have changed their hours of operation to work from mid-day to midnight during the holy month of Ramadan. The fast is usually broken with dates and yoghurt, and camp markets have responded by supplying different varieties of both of these products. There is also a greater demand for fruits as these help maintain sugar levels and reduce thirst during fasting hours. Beneficiaries have told WFP WFP/Laure Chadraoui that they are happy to see food they traditionally consume for Ramadan available at camp markets. IRAQ

On 15 July, local authorities announced the plan to re-open Fishkabor border point to allow 1,400 vulnerable Syrian families to enter Iraq. WFP, in consultation with UNHCR and the Development and Modification Centre (DMC), provided 74 mt of wheat flour for distribution to extremely vulnerable Syrian families living outside of Domiz camp and not receiving food assistance through the WFP voucher programme as well as to the new arrivals in Domiz camp. The distribution equates to 9 kg of wheat flour per person and will assist 8,265 individuals, to complement other food items provided by Peace Winds Japan for distribution by the local NGO Harika. This one-off distribution represents the first time that authorities have officially allowed WFP to distribute food to non-camp Syrian refugees.

In Domiz camp, a total of 38,820 beneficiaries received vouchers valued at a total of US$1.2 million. In-kind food distributions in Al Obayde camp in Al Qa’im continue this month, so far reaching 1,600 beneficiaries out of 2,055 Syrians in the camp.

In response to requests from WFP and the cooperating partners, the two retailers participating in the voucher programme in Domiz Camp have started to provide transportation for beneficiaries from the camp to their shops, located around 3 km away. This is greatly appreciated by beneficiaries previously used limited resources to cover transportation costs to and from shops.

EGYPT

Despite continued political instability, demonstrations and violent clashes across the country, food voucher distributions for July have been completed in Damietta and are underway in Alexandria and greater Cairo, targeting 37,000 beneficiaries.

Additional vulnerable and impoverished neighbourhoods have been added to the current WFP- assisted locations including Haram, Faisel, Gisr Suez, Shoubra, Saddat, and 10th of Ramadan in greater Cairo and Kafr El Sheikh and Beheira in Alexandria.

WFP is finalizing arrangements with the United Nations Relief Works Agency (UNRWA) liaison office in Cairo to provide food assistance to 6,000 Palestinian refugees who have recently moved from Syria including 5,000 in Cairo and 1,000 in Alexandria. Following the global Memorandum of Understanding between WFP and UNRWA, recently signed on 21 June 2013, a country– level letter of understanding has been WFP/Terri O’Quinn agreed upon. Funding & Shortfalls Total Total Total Shortfall (1) Country Resourcing (July to December Requirement Resourced US$ M % 2013) Syria 312 116 196 63% Until the end of 2013, WFP operations in Jordan 163 12 151 Syria and the region will cost US$763 93% million, of which US$607 million remain Lebanon 168 13 156 unfunded. 93% Turkey 73 9 64 87% Given the escalating conflict, and Iraq 35 6 30 heightened demands for the 83% humanitarian response, WFP operations Egypt 11 0.4 10 96% cost US$32 million per week to meet the needs of vulnerable people inside Syria Total 763 156 607 80% and in neighboring countries.

Pipeline Breaks

Timeline for pipeline breaks by country

WFP is grateful for the critical support provided by multilateral donors in response to the Syria crisis, as well as that of Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, the United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF), Denmark, the European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Luxembourg, Norway, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, Republic of Korea, Turkey, Russia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, the United States and private donors. Donors are represented in alphabetical order.

Rebecca Richards, Head Operational Information Management Mobile: +962 (0) 798947954 or For further information contact: E-Mail: [email protected] [email protected] Sepideh Soltaninia, Information Officer Mobile: +962 (0) 799862516 or Email: [email protected]