Fioney Relting Has Not 7 Tar- ,Nessful Tn Yet Decided1 Rank Commensurate with the Importance 1Artllat.ES
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THE ARIZONA ROUGH RIDERS by Harlan C. Herner a Thesis
The Arizona rough riders Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Herner, Charles Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 04/10/2021 02:07:43 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551769 THE ARIZONA ROUGH RIDERS b y Harlan C. Herner A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1965 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of require ments for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under the rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of this material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: MsA* J'73^, APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: G > Harwood P. -
Spanish American War 8/6/11 1:19 PM Page Iii
DM - Spanish American War 8/6/11 1:19 PM Page iii Defining Moments The spanish- American War Kevin Hillstrom and Laurie Collier Hillstrom 155 W. Congress, Suite 200 Detroit, MI 48226 DM - Spanish American War 8/6/11 1:19 PM Page v Table of Contents Preface . .ix How to Use This Book . .xiii Research Topics for Defining Moments: The Spanish-American War . .xv NARRATIVE OVERVIEW Prologue . .3 Chapter One: American Expansion in the 1800s . .7 Chapter Two: Spain and Its Colonies . .23 Chapter Three: The Call to Arms: Remember the Maine! . .35 Chapter Four: A “Splendid Little War” in Cuba . .53 Chapter Five: The War in the Philippines . .71 Chapter Six: American Imperialism in the New Century . .85 Chapter Seven: Legacy of the Spanish-American War . .103 BIOGRAPHIES Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964) . .121 Filipino Rebel Leader and Politician George Dewey (1837-1917) . .124 American Naval Commander of U.S. forces in the Pacific during the Spanish-American War William Randolph Hearst (1863-1951) . .128 American Newspaper Publisher of the New York Journal and Leading Architect of “Yellow Journalism” v DM - Spanish American War 8/6/11 1:19 PM Page vi Defining Moments: The Spanish-American War Queen Lili’uokalani (1838-1917) . .132 Last Monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii Antonio Maceo (1845-1896) . .136 Cuban Military Leader in the Ten Years’ War and the Spanish-American War José Martí (1853-1895) . .140 Cuban Revolutionary Leader and Writer William McKinley (1843-1901) . .143 President of the United States during the Spanish-American War Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) . .147 Hero of the Spanish-American War and President of the United States, 1901-1909 Valeriano Weyler (1838-1930) . -
The China Relief Expedition Joint Coalition Warfare in China Summer 1900
07-02574 China Relief Cover.indd 1 11/19/08 12:53:03 PM 07-02574 China Relief Cover.indd 2 11/19/08 12:53:04 PM The China Relief Expedition Joint Coalition Warfare in China Summer 1900 prepared by LTC(R) Robert R. Leonhard, Ph.D. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory This essay reflects the views of the author alone and does not necessarily imply concurrence by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) or any other organization or agency, public or private. About the Author LTC(R) Robert R. Leonhard, Ph.D., is on the Principal Professional Staff of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and a member of the Strategic Assessments Office of the National Security Analysis Department. He retired from a 24-year career in the Army after serving as an infantry officer and war planner and is a veteran of Operation Desert Storm. Dr. Leonhard is the author of The Art of Maneuver: Maneuver-Warfare Theory and AirLand Battle (1991), Fighting by Minutes: Time and the Art of War (1994), The Principles of War for the Informa- tion Age (1998), and The Evolution of Strategy in the Global War on Terrorism (2005), as well as numerous articles and essays on national security issues. Foreign Concessions and Spheres of Influence China, 1900 Introduction The summer of 1900 saw the formation of a perfect storm of conflict over the northern provinces of China. Atop an anachronistic and arrogant national government sat an aged and devious woman—the Empress Dowager Tsu Hsi. -
Civil War Fought for the Union Which Represent 52% of the Sons of Harvard Killed in Action During This Conflict
Advocates for Harvard ROTC . H CRIMSON UNION ARMY VETERANS Total served Died in service Killed in action Died by disease Harvard College grads 475 73 69 26 Harvard College- non grads 114 22 Harvard Graduate schools 349 22 NA NA Total 938 117 69 26 The above total of Harvard alumni who died in the service of the Union included 5 major generals, 3 Brigadier Generals, 6 colonels, 19 LT Colonels and majors, 17 junior officers in the Army, 3 sergeants plus 3 Naval officers, including 2 Medical doctors. 72% of all Harvard alumni who served in the Civil War fought for the Union which represent 52% of the sons of Harvard killed in action during this conflict. As result among Harvard alumni, Union military losses were 10% compared with a 21% casualty rate for the Confederate Army. The battle of Gettysburg (PA) had the highest amount of Harvard alumni serving in the Union Army who were killed in action (i.e. 11), in addition 3 Harvard alumni Confederates also died in this battle. Secondly, seven Crimson warriors made the supreme sacrifice for the Union at Antietam (MD) with 5 more were killed in the battles of Cedar Mountain (VA) and Fredericksburg (VA). As expected, most of the Harvard alumni who died in the service of the Union were born and raised in the Northeastern states (e.g. 74% from Massachusetts). However, 9 Harvard alumni Union casualties were from the Mid West including one from the border state of Missouri. None of these Harvard men were from southern states. The below men who made the supreme sacrifice for their country to preserve the union which also resulted in the abolition of slavery. -
William Rufus Shafter Papers
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf8g5006fv No online items Guide to the William Rufus Shafter Papers Special Collections staff Department of Special Collections Green Library Stanford University Libraries Stanford, CA 94305-6004 Phone: (650) 725-1022 Email: [email protected] URL: http://library.stanford.edu/spc © 2008 The Board of Trustees of Stanford University. All rights reserved. Guide to the William Rufus M0072 1 Shafter Papers Guide to the William Rufus Shafter Papers Collection number: M0072 Department of Special Collections and University Archives Stanford University Libraries Stanford, California Processed by: Special Collections staff Date Completed: 1998 Encoded by: Steve Mandeville-Gamble and Bill O'Hanlon © 2008 The Board of Trustees of Stanford University. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: William Rufus Shafter papers Dates: 1862-1945 Bulk Dates: 1862-1904 Collection number: M0072 Creator: Shafter, William Rufus, 1835-1906 Collection Size: 4 linear feet Repository: Stanford University. Libraries. Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives. Abstract: The Shafter Collection represents the papers and other materials assembled by General William R. Shafter during his many years of military service. As might be expected, the Collection includes personal and official correspondence, military papers (orders, reports, rosters, etc.), broadsides, maps, cartoons, photographs, miscellaneous printed material, and newspaper clippings. Correspondence composes approximately eighty percent of the Collection, the majority of which concerns the period from 1862 to 1994. In addition, a small collection of materials assembled by Shafter's son-in-law, William H. McKittrick, has been added to the basic Shafter Collection. Languages: Languages represented in the collection: English Access Collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least 24 hours in advance of intended use. -
The Battles of Mansfield (Sabine Crossroads) and Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 8 and 9 April 1864
RICE UNIVERSITY DEAD-END AT THE CROSSROADS: THE BATTLES OF MANSFIELD (SABINE CROSSROADS) AND PLEASANT HILL, LOUISIANA, 8 AND 9 APRIL 1864 by Richard Leslie Riper, Jr. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Thesis Director's Signature Houston, Texas May, 1976 Abstract Dead-End at the Crossroads: The Battles of Mansfield (Sabine Cross¬ roads) and Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 8 and 9 April 1864 Richard Leslie Riper, Jr. On 8 April 1864 a Union army commanded by Major General Nathaniel P. Banks was defeated by a Confederate army commanded by Major General Richard Taylor at the small town of Mansfield, Louisiana. In Union records the engagement was recorded as the battle of Sabine Crossroads, and the defeat signaled the "high-water mark" for the Union advance toward Shreveport. General Banks, after repeated urging by Major General Henry Hal- leck, General-in-Chief of the Union Army, had launched a drive up the Red River through Alexandria and Natchitoches to capture Shreveport, the industrial hub of the Trans-Mississippi Department. From New Or¬ leans and Berwick, Louisiana, and from Vicksburg, Mississippi, the Fédérais converged on Alexandria. From Little Rock, Arkansas, a Union column under Major General Frederick Steele was to join Banks at Shreve¬ port. Three major infantry forces and the Union Navy under Admiral David D. Porter were to participate in the campaign, yet no one was given supreme authority to coordinate the forces. Halleck's orders were for the separate commands only to co-operate with Banks--a clear viola¬ tion of the principle of unity of command. -
A Splendid Little War"
A S P L E N D I D L I T T L E W A R A CHRONOLOGY OF HEROISM IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR By C. Douglas Sterner Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 A War Looking for an Excuse to Happen ................................................................... 3 Manifest Destiny & Yellow Journalism ................................................................. 5 Prelude to War ............................................................................................................. 8 Remember the Maine .................................................................................................. 11 Trouble in Paradise ...................................................................................................... 17 The Battle of Manila Bay ............................................................................................ 21 Cutting the Cables at Cienfuegos ................................................................................ 25 Cable Cutters Who Received Medals of Honor ..................................................... 29 The Sinking of the Merrimac ...................................................................................... 33 War in The Jungle ....................................................................................................... 43 Guantanamo Bay ................................................................................................... 44 The Cuzco Well ..................................................................................................... -
1892-1918 by Bachelor of Arts Chapman University
THE FIGHTINGlENTH CAVALRY: BLACK SOLDIERS IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY 1892-1918 By DAVID K. WORK Bachelor of Arts Chapman University Orange, California 199,5 Bachelor of Fine Arts Chapman University Orange, California 1995 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 1998 THE FIGHTING TENTH CAVALRY: BLACK SOLDIERS IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY 1892-1918 Thesis Approved: 11 PREFACE On August 4, 1891, Colonel 1. K. Mizner, the commanding officer of the Tenth United States Cavalry Regiment, asked the Adjutant General of the army to transfer the Tenth Cavalry from Arizona "to a northern climate." For over twenty years, the Colonel complained, the Tenth had served in the Southwest, performing the most difficult field service of any regiment in the army and living in the worst forts in the country. No other cavalry regiment had "been subject to so great an amount of hard, fatigueing and continueing [sic]" service as the Tenth, service that entitled it "to as good stations as can be assigned. II Mizner challenged the Adjutant General to make his decision based on "just consideration" and not to discriminate against the Tenth "on account of the color of the enlisted men." t As one of fOUf regiments in the post-Civil War Army composed entirely of black enlisted men, discrimination was a problem the Tenth Cavalry constantly faced. Whether it was poor horses and equipment, inferior posts and assignments, or the hostility of the white communities the regiment protected, racial prejudice was an inescapable part of the regiment's daily life. -
629.L332 2097 3 CHIVA *' -Liliilffiilflfiililililififliie L BRARY
629.L332 2097 3 CHIVA *' -liliilffiilflfiililililIfifliiE L BRARY 24065 U.S. Infantry troops break camp June 30' 1898'for the attack on El Caney, Cuba Note the balloon Santiago above the tree line. Courtesy of the National Archives. In the 1780s Benjarnin Franklin was the United States'minister to France. At one of the Montgolfier brothers first balloon laurchings a cynical observer rernarked, "Of what possible use is it?" Said Franklin, who foresaw many possibilities for aeronautics, "Of what use is a newborn babe?" THE HISTORY OF The United States Air Force taces its origins EARLY to the establishment of the Aeronautical Dvision, created on August l, 1907 by the ENLISTED Chief Signal Officer of the Army However, the U.S. Army frst used "aerial devices" for AERONAUTICS military purposes during the American Civil War. when it created an unofficial balloon section. An offrcial balloon section was established in 1891. Consequently, enlisted 1862 TO 1907 support for U.S. military aviation began with Civil War balloon operations. Interest in the military applications of ballooning in the United States can be linked by to one of our nation's forefathers, Benjamin William I. Chivalette Franklin. After witnessing the flight of the and Montgolfiers (famous balloonists), Franklin W. Parker Hayes,Jr. predicted that the military would soon find uses for the balloon. But it was not until Airmen Memorial Museum 1840, during the Second Seminole War, that his prediction almost proved true. The Seminoles, intimate with the without being apprized of the balloonist's tangled swamps of their Florida homeland, scheme. persistently evaded capture by the army sent to During the Civil War, balloons were force their "removal" to the Indian Territory in used by both sides, but mostly by the North, the West. -
Washington National Guard Pamphlet
WASH ARNG PAM 870-1-5 WASH ANG PAM 210-1-5 WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD PAMPHLET THE OFFICIAL HISTORY OF THE WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD VOLUME 5 WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN WORLD WAR I HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DEPARTMENT STATE OF WASHINGTON OFFICE OF THE ADJUTANT GENERAL CAMP MURRAY, TACOMA 33, WASHINGTON THIS VOLUME IS A TRUE COPY THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT ROSTERS HEREIN HAVE BEEN REVISED BUT ONLY TO PUT EACH UNIT, IF POSSIBLE, WHOLLY ON A SINGLE PAGE AND TO ALPHABETIZE THE PERSONNEL THEREIN DIGITIZED VERSION CREATED BY WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 5 WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN WORLD WAR I. CHAPTER PAGE I WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE POST ..................................... 1 PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION PERIOD II WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD MANEUVERS ................................. 21 WITH REGULAR ARMY 1904-12 III BEGINNING OF THE COAST ARTILLERY IN ........................................... 34 THE WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IV THE NAVAL MILITIA OF THE WASHINGTON .......................................... 61 NATIONAL GUARD V WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE ............................................. 79 MEXICAN BORDER INCIDENT VI WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE ........................................... 104 PRE - WORLD WAR I PERIOD VII WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN WORLD WAR I .......................114 - i - - ii - CHAPTER I WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE POST PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION PERIOD It may be recalled from the previous chapter that with the discharge of members of the Washington National Guard to join the First Regiment of United States Volunteers and the federalizing of the Independent Washington Battalion, the State was left with no organized forces. Accordingly, Governor Rogers, on 22 July 1898, directed Adjutant General William J. Canton to re-establish a State force in Conformity with the Military Code of Washington. -
Congressional Rec-Ord-Senate. 53
1898 .. · CONGRESSIONAL REC-ORD-SENATE. 53 ' Jackson, Tenn., in favor of the passage of the so-called anti $25,000 will be required for the publication of these reports, and scalpers' bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com asking favorable consideration by Congress of the same; which merce. was referred to the Committee on Pl·inting, and ordered to be By Mr~ SLAYDEN: Protest of citizens of Gillespie County, printed. Tex., against the annexation of the Philippine Islands-to the LEASE OF PROPERTY UNDER TREASURY DEPA.RTMENT. Committee on Foreign Affairs. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica· By Mr. SMITH of Kentucky: Papers to accompany Honse bill tion from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in compli No. 11017, to restore Jesse Everly to the pension rolls-to the ance with the ad of Congress approved March 3, 1879, certain Committee on Pensions. information relative to the leasing of unoccupied and unproduc By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petition of the Chamber of tive property of the United States under his control; which was Commerce of St. Paul and the Board of Trade of Minneapolis, referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be Minn., urging measures to promote the ocean carrying trade in printed. vessels under the American flag-to the Committee on the Mer CONSIDERATION OF PENSION BILLS. chant Marine and Fisheries. Also, petitions of sundry citizens of Stillwater, Minn., for the Mr: GAL.LINGER. Mr. President, I beg leave to make a improvement of tho St. Croix River from Taylors Falls~ Minn., to request. -
Brochure: Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial
Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial The Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial is located in Santiago American Battle Monuments Commission de Cuba near the San Juan Hill Historic Park. BACKGROUND An a c a o On July 1, 1898 U.S. and Cuban troops fought to seize El Viso n a Fort, the town of El Caney and San Juan Heights, and San Juan Hill. These victories opened the way to Santiago de Cuba. Negotiations between the opposing forces led to the Spanish surrender under the Ceiba tree on July 17. Nearly a century later, the original tree died. The Cuban Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial government planted a new tree in 1998 during the centennial Photo: ABMC GPS N20 1.356 W75 48.076 ceremonies. Eight bronze tablets (each 3 feet X 5 feet) honor and commemorate The Santiago Surrender Tree Memorial is on the south side of The memorial area is individuals and units participating in the Santiago Campaign. the Avenida Raul Pujols, and just east of the Santiago de Cuba surrounded by an iron Zoo. A street sign with the legend Arbol de la Paz points to it. fence, which is made up of barreled Spanish Mauser rifle actions. They are surmounted by American Battle Monuments Commission cast reproduction triangular This agency of the United States government operates bayonets. The tree is and maintains 26 American cemeteries and 29 memorials, flanked by large bronze monuments and markers in 16 countries. The Commission plaques that resemble open works to fulfill the vision of its first chairman, General of Photo: Library of Congress books.