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Night Life in Europe and Recreative Drug Use. SONAR 98

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Night Life in Europe and Recreative Drug Use. SONAR 98 Night life in Europe and recreative drug use. SONAR 98 Authors: Amador Calafat, Karl Bohrn, Montserrat Juan, Anna Kokkevi, Nicole Maalsté, Fernando Mendes, Alfonso Palmer, Kellie Sherlock, Joseph Simon, Paolo Stocco, Mª Pau Sureda, Peter Tossmann, Goof van de Wijngaart, Patricia Zavatti Nigut life in Europe and recreative drug use. SONAR and recreative Nigut life in Europe 98 Financed with the assistance of the EUROPEAN COMMISSION IREFREA IREFREA IREFREA is a european network interested in the promotion and research of primary prevention of different sorts of juvenile malaise and the study of associated protective and risk factors. NIGHT LIFE IN EUROPE AND RECREATIVE DRUG USE. SONAR 98 Research Coordinator: Amador Calafat 3 NIGHT LIFE IN EUROPE AND RECREATIVE DRUG USE. SONAR 98 Authors: Amador Calafat, Karl Bohrn, Montserrat Juan, Anna Kokkevi, Nicole Maalsté, Fernando Mendes, Alfonso Palmer, Kellie Sherlock, Joseph Simon, Paolo Stocco, Mª Pau Sureda, Peter Tossmann, Goof van de Wijngaart, Patrizia Zavatti Collaborators: Susanne Ebner (Vienna); Laura de Fazio (Modena); Alan Haughton (Manchester); Lucia Mariano (Coimbra); Claudia Pilgrim (Berlin); Jérome Reynaud (Nice); Ioanna Siamou (Athens); Rebecca Simpson (Manchester); Sabine Tyrväinen (Vienna); Erika Van Vliet (Utrecht) IREFREA Financed with the assistance of the EUROPEAN COMMISSION NEITHER THE COMMISSION, NOR ANY PERSON ACTING IN ITS NAME, IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE USE THAT MIGHT BE MADE OF THE INFORMATION INCLUDED IN THIS DOCUMENT ORGANISATIONS, INSTITUTIONS AND NATIONAL RESEARCH GROUPS PARTICIPATING IN THIS RESEARCH IREFREA DEUSCHTLAND CSST / CREDIT Horst Brömer Joseph Simon Drogenhilfe Tannehof Berlin e v 10, Av. Malausséna. 06000 Nice (France) Wilhelmsaue, 116. 10715 Berlin Tel:+330493926321 - Fax: +330493026320 tel +49307440213 - Fax: +493076403229 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] INSTITUTE SOZIAL UND GESUNDHERST IREFREA - ESPAÑA Karl Böhrn Amador Calafat, Montse Juan, Mª Pau Sureda Pladenhanergasse, 20/1. A-1440 WIEN Rambla, nº 15-2º, 3ª Tel.: +43 19833743 - Fax.: +43 9834527 07003 PALMA DE MALLORCA - ESPAÑA E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +34 971727434 - Fax: +34 971213306 E-mail: [email protected] ISTITUTO DI MEDICINA LEGALE [email protected] Francesco de Fazio, Patrizia Zavatti, Laura de Fazio [email protected] UNIVERSITA DI MODENA Policlinico. Via del Pozzo, 71 IREFREA - FRANCE 41100 MODENA - ITALIA Gérard BROYER Tel. +39 59 422088 /89 /90 /91-Fax +39 59 371393 Universite Lumiere Lyon 2. E-mail: [email protected] Institut de Psychologie 5, avenue Pierre Mendes France SOCIALPÄDAGOGISCHES INSTITUT CP 11. 69976 BRON CEDEX - France Peter Tossman Tel . 33 4 78 77 24 33// 33 4 78 77 23 19 Stresemannstrabe, 30 D. 10963 Berlin Fax 33 4 78 72 22 17 - [email protected] Tel: +493025389-31 [email protected] IREFREA GREECE Anna Kokkevi, Ioanna Siamou UNIVERSITAT DE LES ILLES BALEARS Univ. Mental Health Research Institute Alfonso Palmer 72-74 Vas.Sophias Av.. 11528 ATENAS Ctra. de Valldemossa, Km. 7,5 Tel.: +301 7225109 - Fax: +301 7233690 07010 Palma de Mallorca E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] IREFREA - ITALIA UTRECHT UNIVERSITY Paolo Stocco Goof van de Wijngaart, Nicole Maalsté C.T. VILLA RENATA. Via Orsera, 4 CVO ADDICTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE 30126 LIDO DI VENEZIA - ITALIA Oudegracht 325 Tel.: +39 041 5268822 - Fax: +39 041 5267874 3511 PC Utrecht E- mail: [email protected] tel. +31 30 238 1495 - fax. + 31 30 238 1496 [email protected] IREFREA - PORTUGAL Fernando Mendes UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE Av. Joao de Deus Ramos, 130-A,1ºEs Kellie Sherlock 3030 COIMBRA - PORTUGAL Ethnicity and Health Unit Faculty of Health, Tel. +351 (0) 39 484 660-Fax +351 (0) 39 483 727 Harrington Building Preston, Pri ZHE E-mail: [email protected] England © IREFREA & European Commission D. Legal: V-2209-1999 IREFREA ESPAÑA Rambla, 15, 2º, 3ª E 07003 Palma de Mallorca (ESPAÑA) Print: MARTIN IMPRESORES, S.L. • Pintor Jover, 1 • 46013 Valencia 8 INDEX Pág. 1. INTRODUCTION . 11 1.1. Social change and recreational life . 11 1.2. Trends in drug use in Europe . 13 1.3. Characteristics of designer drug users in the 1997 IREFREA survey. Recreational poly drug use . 13 1.4. Present survey . 15 2. METHODOLOGY . 17 2.1. Background information . 17 2.2. Present research . 18 2.3. Qualitative survey . 19 Instruments . 19 The sample . 20 Data analysis . 21 2.4. Quantitative survey . 21 Population . 22 Questionnaire . 22 Sample . 23 Instructing interviewers . 23 Field work evaluation . 23 2.5. Analysis of the quantitative data . 26 3. NIGHT LIFE IN EUROPE . 27 3.1. Music styles . 28 3.2. Nine ethnography of nightlife . 34 3.2.1. Athens . 34 3.2.2. Berlin . 41 3.2.3. Coimbra . 46 3.2.4. Manchester . 52 3.2.5. Modena . 65 3.2.6. Nice . 75 3.2.7. Palma . 87 3.2.8. Utrecht . 101 3.2.9. Vienna . 111 9 Pág. 3.3. Nightlife in different European cities and its relationship with recreational polydrug use . 119 Introduction . ..
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