DOCSLIB.ORG

Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances Joshua Zolton Seither [email protected]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances Joshua Zolton Seither Jseit005@Fiu.Edu Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 4-25-2018 Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances Joshua Zolton Seither [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006565 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Seither, Joshua Zolton, "Application of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3823. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3823 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida APPLICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE SCREENING AND CONFIRMATION OF NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in CHEMISTRY by Joshua Zolton Seither 2018 To: Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, Sciences and Education This dissertation, written by Joshua Zolton Seither, and entitled Application of High- Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Screening and Confirmation of Novel Psychoactive Substances, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Piero Gardinali _______________________________________ Bruce McCord _______________________________________ DeEtta Mills _______________________________________ Stanislaw Wnuk _______________________________________ Anthony DeCaprio, Major Professor Date of Defense: April 25, 2018 The dissertation of Joshua Zolton Seither is approved. _______________________________________ De Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, College of Arts, Sciences and Education _______________________________________ Andrés G. Gil Vice President for Research and Economic Development and Dean of the University Graduate School Florida International University, 2018 ii © Copyright 2018 by Joshua Zolton Seither All rights reserved. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I am grateful for the endless support and encouragement that I received from my family, especially from my wife, throughout this entire process. I would like to thank Dr. Anthony DeCaprio for serving as my advisor. I would like to thank Dr. Piero Gardinali, Dr. Bruce McCord, Dr. DeEtta Mills, and Dr. Stanislaw Wnuk for serving as committee members. I am appreciative for all of my fellow classmates, research group members, staff members, and friends from Florida International University that helped me along the way. I also would like to thank Dr. Lisa Reidy and the staff at the University of Miami toxicology laboratory for their support. iv ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION APPLICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE SCREENING AND CONFIRMATION OF NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES by Joshua Zolton Seither Florida International University, 2018 Miami, Florida Professor Anthony DeCaprio, Major Professor There has been an emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in forensic casework globally. Although the reported prevalence of these compounds has been relatively low in comparison to traditional drugs of abuse, published case studies suggest that some NPS have significant pharmacological effects that may cause severe impairment and/or death. Because of these effects, it is important that toxicology laboratories have the capability of identifying these compounds to complete a comprehensive toxicological analysis for human performance and post-mortem investigations. Recently, mass spectrometry has gained favor over traditional screening assays such as immunoassays for the identification of NPS in biological specimens. This trend is mainly a result of the fact that mass spectrometry provides the required sensitivity and selectivity for a broader range of analytes. High resolution tandem mass spectrometry has been suggested for analysis of NPS, as this technique further increases selectivity by increasing mass accuracy and providing MS/MS spectral data. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the applicability of using high resolution mass v spectrometry to screen for and confirm a large number of novel psychoactive substances. The present study consisted of three main tasks, which included 1) the creation of a large high resolution MS/MS spectral library and database, 2) the development of a solid phase extraction (SPE) method and acquisition methods, and 3) a collision induced dissociation (CID) study of regioisomeric NPS compounds. The MS/MS spectral library created contains spectral data for 252 NPS. In addition, 875 NPS entities were included in the compound database. The library and database can be used by toxicology laboratories to aid in the identification of NPS in casework using MS/MS spectral data and full scan MS data, respectively. The analytical method developed used SPE and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The HRMS method demonstrated limits of detection ranging from 0.5- 5 ng/mL for NPS from various structural drug classes. The CID experiments demonstrated that relative ion abundance alone could be used to differentiate some sets of regioisomers. The present work can aid toxicology laboratories in the identification of NPS and demonstrates the applicability of HRMS for their screening and confirmation. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................... 3 2.1 Novel Psychoactive Substances Background ............................................................ 3 2.2 Novel Psychoactive Substance Classes ..................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Arylcyclohexylamines ........................................................................................ 6 2.2.2 Benzodiazepines ................................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 Cathinones ........................................................................................................ 10 2.2.4 Phenethylamines ............................................................................................... 11 2.2.5 Piperazines ........................................................................................................ 13 2.2.6 Synthetic Cannabinoids .................................................................................... 14 2.2.7 Synthetic Opioids ............................................................................................. 16 2.2.8 Tryptamines ...................................................................................................... 18 2.3 Identification of Drugs of Abuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances .................. 20 2.3.1 Routine Forensic Toxicological Analysis ......................................................... 20 2.3.2 Immunoassays .................................................................................................. 20 2.3.3 Sample Preparation ........................................................................................... 22 2.3.4 Instrumental Analysis ....................................................................................... 24 2.3.4.1 Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ................................................ 24 2.3.4.2 Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ............................................ 26 2.3.4.3 High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ........................................................ 27 2.3.4.4 Collision Induced Dissociation ................................................................. 29 2.3.4.5 Mass Spectral Libraries............................................................................. 30 2.4 Regioisomers ........................................................................................................... 31 2.5 Challenges in Identifying Novel Psychoactive Substances..................................... 33 3. DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPOUND DATABASE AND HRMS SPECTRAL LIBRARY ......................................................................................................................... 36 3.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................. 36 3.2 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 37 3.3 Materials and Methods: ........................................................................................... 40 3.3.1 Chemicals and materials: .................................................................................. 40 3.3.2 Instrumentation and Software:.......................................................................... 40 3.3.3 Creation of the comprehensive compound database: ....................................... 41 3.3.4 Creation of the HRMS spectral library: ............................................................ 42 3.3.5 Analysis of blind
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inclusion of People of Color in Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
    Michaels et al. BMC Psychiatry (2018) 18:245 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1824-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Inclusion of people of color in psychedelic- assisted psychotherapy: a review of the literature Timothy I. Michaels1* , Jennifer Purdon1,2, Alexis Collins1 and Monnica T. Williams1,2 Abstract Background: Despite renewed interest in studying the safety and efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of psychological disorders, the enrollment of racially diverse participants and the unique presentation of psychopathology in this population has not been a focus of this potentially ground-breaking area of research. In 1993, the United States National Institutes of Health issued a mandate that funded research must include participants of color and proposals must include methods for achieving diverse samples. Methods: A methodological search of psychedelic studies from 1993 to 2017 was conducted to evaluate ethnoracial differences in inclusion and effective methods of recruiting peopple of color. Results: Of the 18 studies that met full criteria (n = 282 participants), 82.3% of the participants were non-Hispanic White, 2.5% were African-American, 2.1% were of Latino origin, 1.8% were of Asian origin, 4.6% were of indigenous origin, 4.6% were of mixed race, 1.8% identified their race as “other,” and the ethnicity of 8.2% of participants was unknown. There were no significant differences in recruitment methodologies between those studies that had higher (> 20%) rates of inclusion. Conclusions: As minorities are greatly underrepresented in psychedelic medicine studies, reported treatment outcomes may not generalize to all ethnic and cultural groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materialsd
    Recommended methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materials (Revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES Photo credits:UNODC Photo Library; UNODC/Ioulia Kondratovitch; Alessandro Scotti. Laboratory and Scientific Section UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materials (Revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 Note Operating and experimental conditions are reproduced from the original reference materials, including unpublished methods, validated and used in selected national laboratories as per the list of references. A number of alternative conditions and substitution of named commercial products may provide comparable results in many cases. However, any modification has to be validated before it is integrated into laboratory routines. ST/NAR/49/REV.1 Original language: English © United Nations, March 2020. All rights reserved, worldwide. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of names of firms and commercial products does not imply the endorse- ment of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. Acknowledgements The Laboratory and Scientific Section of the UNODC (LSS, headed by Dr. Justice Tettey) wishes to express its appreciation and thanks to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Benzylpiperazine-Like Compounds Hiroyuki Inoue 1
    鑑識科学，9(2)，165―184(2004) 165 ―Technical Note― Analysis of Benzylpiperazine-like Compounds Hiroyuki Inoue1,YukoT.Iwata1, Tatsuyuki Kanamori1, Hajime Miyaguchi1, Kenji Tsujikawa1, Kenji Kuwayama1, Hiroe Tsutsumi2, Munehiro Katagi2, Hitoshi Tsuchihashi2 and Tohru Kishi1 National Research Institute of Police Science 631, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2770882, Japan1 Forensic Science Laboratory, Osaka Prefectural Police H. Q. 1318, Hommachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka 5410053, Japan2 (Received 6 January 2004; accepted 6 March 2004) 1-Benzylpiperazine (BZP) and 1-(3-tri‰uoromethylphenyl)piperazine, newly controlled as narcotics in Japan on 2003, and their analogues were analyzed. The analytical data with color test, thin layer chromatography (TLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) are presented. The BZP-like compounds were less sensitive to Simon's reagent than amphetamine type stimulants on spot plates. Using on-site screening kit based on Simon's test (X-Checker), BZP indicated almost the same result as methamphetamine. For TLC, the solvent system, methanol －25 aqueous ammonia (100 : 1.5), was the best among the systems examined. Iodoplatinate reagent was the most sensitive one to detect BZP. The IR spectra showed su‹cient diŠerences to make identiˆcation. Trimethylsilylation was the most appropriate choice for the GC/MS analysis of BZP-like compounds in terms of the peak shapes, separation and stability (using a J&W DB-5MS column). In LC/MS analysis, the gradient elution (10 mM formic acid and acetonitrile) using a Waters Symmetry Shield C18 column achieved discrimination of isomers except for 1-(2-‰uorophenyl) piperazine and 1-(4-‰uorophenyl)piperazine.
    [Show full text]
  • Nietzsche and Psychedelics – Peter Sjöstedt-H –
    Antichrist Psychonaut: Nietzsche and Psychedelics – Peter Sjöstedt-H – ‘… And close your eyes with holy dread, For he on honey-dew hath fed, And drunk the milk of Paradise.’ So ends the famous fragment of Kubla Khan by the Romantic poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He tells us that the poem was an immediate transcription of an opium-induced dream he experienced in 1797. As is known, the Romantic poets and their kin were inspired by the use of psychoactive substances such as opium, the old world’s common pain reliever. Pain elimination is its negative advantage, but its positive attribute lies in the psychedelic (‘mind- revealing’)1 state it can engender – a state described no better than by the original English opium eater himself, Thomas De Quincey: O just and righteous opium! … thou bildest upon the bosom of darkness, out of the fantastic imagery of the brain, cities and temples, beyond the art of Phidias and Praxiteles – beyond the splendours of Babylon and Hekatómpylos; and, “from the anarchy of dreaming sleep,” callest into sunny light the faces of long-buried beauties … thou hast the keys of Paradise, O just, subtle, and mighty opium!2 Two decades following the publication of these words the First Opium War commences (1839) in which China is martially punished for trying to hinder the British trade of opium to the Chinese people. Though opium, derived from the innocent garden poppy Papavar somniferum, may cradle the keys to Paradise it also clutches the keys to Perdition: its addictive thus potentially ruinous nature is commonly known. Today, partly for these reasons, opiates are mostly illegal without license – stringently so in their most potent forms of morphine and heroin.
    [Show full text]
  • Enzymatic Encoding Methods for Efficient Synthesis Of
    (19) TZZ__T (11) EP 1 957 644 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: C12N 15/10 (2006.01) C12Q 1/68 (2006.01) 01.12.2010 Bulletin 2010/48 C40B 40/06 (2006.01) C40B 50/06 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 06818144.5 (86) International application number: PCT/DK2006/000685 (22) Date of filing: 01.12.2006 (87) International publication number: WO 2007/062664 (07.06.2007 Gazette 2007/23) (54) ENZYMATIC ENCODING METHODS FOR EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF LARGE LIBRARIES ENZYMVERMITTELNDE KODIERUNGSMETHODEN FÜR EINE EFFIZIENTE SYNTHESE VON GROSSEN BIBLIOTHEKEN PROCEDES DE CODAGE ENZYMATIQUE DESTINES A LA SYNTHESE EFFICACE DE BIBLIOTHEQUES IMPORTANTES (84) Designated Contracting States: • GOLDBECH, Anne AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR DK-2200 Copenhagen N (DK) HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI • DE LEON, Daen SK TR DK-2300 Copenhagen S (DK) Designated Extension States: • KALDOR, Ditte Kievsmose AL BA HR MK RS DK-2880 Bagsvaerd (DK) • SLØK, Frank Abilgaard (30) Priority: 01.12.2005 DK 200501704 DK-3450 Allerød (DK) 02.12.2005 US 741490 P • HUSEMOEN, Birgitte Nystrup DK-2500 Valby (DK) (43) Date of publication of application: • DOLBERG, Johannes 20.08.2008 Bulletin 2008/34 DK-1674 Copenhagen V (DK) • JENSEN, Kim Birkebæk (73) Proprietor: Nuevolution A/S DK-2610 Rødovre (DK) 2100 Copenhagen 0 (DK) • PETERSEN, Lene DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø (DK) (72) Inventors: • NØRREGAARD-MADSEN, Mads • FRANCH, Thomas DK-3460 Birkerød (DK) DK-3070 Snekkersten (DK) • GODSKESEN,
    [Show full text]
  • Peakal: Protons I Have Known and Loved — Fifty Shades of Grey-Market Spectra
    PeakAL: Protons I Have Known and Loved — Fifty shades of grey-market spectra Stephen J. Chapman* and Arabo A. Avanes * Correspondence to: Isomer Design, 4103-210 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2R3, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] 1H NMR spectra of 28 alleged psychedelic phenylethanamines from 15 grey-market internet vendors across North America and Europe were acquired and compared. Members from each of the principal phenylethanamine families were analyzed: eleven para- substituted 2,5-dimethoxyphenylethanamines (the 2C and 2C-T series); four para-substituted 3,5-dimethoxyphenylethanamines (mescaline analogues); two β-substituted phenylethanamines; and ten N-substituted phenylethanamines with a 2-methoxybenzyl (NBOMe), 2-hydroxybenzyl (NBOH), or 2,3-methylenedioxybenzyl (NBMD) amine moiety. 1H NMR spectra for some of these compounds have not been previously reported to our knowledge. Others have reported on the composition of “mystery pills,” single-dose formulations obtained from retail shops and websites. We believe this is the first published survey of bulk “research chemicals” marketed and sold as such. Only one analyte was unequivocally misrepresented. This collection of experimentally uniform spectra may help forensic and harm-reduction organizations identify these compounds, some of which appear only sporadically. The complete spectra are provided as supplementary data.[1] Keywords: 1H NMR, drug checking, grey markets, research chemicals, phenylethanamines, N-benzyl phenylethanamines, PiHKAL DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16889/isomerdesign-1 Published: 1 August 2015 Version: 1.03 “Once you get a serious spectrum collection, Nevertheless, an inherent weakness of grey markets is the the tendency is to push it as far as you can.”1 absence of regulatory oversight.
    [Show full text]
  • (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
    US 20130289061A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0289061 A1 Bhide et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 31, 2013 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO Publication Classi?cation PREVENT ADDICTION (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: The General Hospital Corporation, A61K 31/485 (2006-01) Boston’ MA (Us) A61K 31/4458 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Pradeep G. Bhide; Peabody, MA (US); CPC """"" " A61K31/485 (201301); ‘4161223011? Jmm‘“ Zhu’ Ansm’ MA. (Us); USPC ......... .. 514/282; 514/317; 514/654; 514/618; Thomas J. Spencer; Carhsle; MA (US); 514/279 Joseph Biederman; Brookline; MA (Us) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject (21) App1_ NO_; 13/924,815 comprising; administering a therapeutic amount of the neu rological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor; to thereby reduce or prevent the devel - . opment of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also (22) Flled' Jun‘ 24’ 2013 disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the develop ment of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subj ect; comprising; _ _ administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the (63) Continuation of application NO 13/389,959, ?led on development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Apt 27’ 2012’ ?led as application NO_ PCT/US2010/ Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising 045486 on Aug' 13 2010' a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor ’ antagonist.
    [Show full text]
  • Acquired Synaesthesia Following 2C-B Use
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Greenwich Academic Literature Archive Acquired synaesthesia following 2C-B use • Authors • Authors and affiliations • Steliana Yanakieva (Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London) • David P. Luke (Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling, University of Greenwich) • Ashok Jansari (Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London) • Devin B. Terhune (Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London) Letter to Editor This study was previously presented at Bridging senses: New developments in synesthesia (Royal Society, London, UK, 22–23 October 2018). Psychedelic drugs reliably trigger experiences that closely resemble synaesthesia (Luke and Terhune 2013), a condition in which inducer stimuli will reliably and automatically elicit atypical concurrent experiences (Ward 2013). These transient episodes are considered controversial because they do not meet behavioural diagnostic criteria for developmental synaesthesia (Terhune et al. 2016). However, if these behavioural markers are attributable to the consolidation of synaesthetic associations over time (Terhune et al. 2016), they should be observed in cases of acquired synaesthesia. Here we report a case of drug-induced acquired synaesthesia (LW) that meets standard diagnostic criteria for developmental synaesthesia. LW is a 29-year-old male who reports continuously experiencing multiple forms of synaesthesia for over 7 years since ingesting approximately 70–150 mg of 2,5-dimethoxy-4- bromophenethylamine (2C-B) (Papaseit et al. 2018), which greatly exceeds the normal dosage (12–24 mg) (Shulgin and Shulgin 1990) (see Supplementary Materials). LW was contrasted against 10 non-synaesthete healthy controls, all of whom provided informed written consent.
    [Show full text]
  • Programme & Abstracts
    The 57th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists. 2nd - 6th September 2019 BIRMINGHAM, UK The ICC Birmingham Broad Street, Birmingham B1 2EA Programme & Abstracts 1 Thank You to our Sponsors PlatinUm Gold Silver Bronze 2 3 Contents Welcome message 5 Committees 6 General information 7 iCC maps 8 exhibitors list 10 Exhibition Hall 11 Social Programme 14 opening Ceremony 15 Schedule 16 Oral Programme MONDAY 2 September 19 TUESDAY 3 September 21 THURSDAY 5 September 28 FRIDAY 6 September 35 vendor Seminars 42 Posters 46 oral abstracts 82 Poster abstracts 178 4 Welcome Message It is our great pleasure to welcome you to TIAFT Gala Dinner at the ICC on Friday evening. On the accompanying pages you will see a strong the UK for the 57th Annual Meeting of scientific agenda relevant to modern toxicology and we The International Association of Forensic thank all those who submitted an abstract and the Toxicologists Scientific Committees for making the scientific programme (TIAFT) between 2nd and 6th a success. Starting with a large Young Scientists September 2019. Symposium and Dr Yoo Memorial plenary lecture by Prof Tony Moffat on Monday, there are oral session topics in It has been decades since the Annual Meeting has taken Clinical & Post-Mortem Toxicology on Tuesday, place in the country where TIAFT was founded over 50 years Human Behaviour Toxicology & Drug-Facilitated Crime on ago. The meeting is supported by LTG (London Toxicology Thursday and Toxicology in Sport, New Innovations and Group) and the UKIAFT (UK & Ireland Association of Novel Research & Employment/Occupational Toxicology Forensic Toxicologists) and we thank all our exhibitors and on Friday.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 178/Monday, September 14, 2020
    Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 178 / Monday, September 14, 2020 / Notices 56631 agreements. All non-confidential DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ADDRESSES: Written comments should written submissions will be available for be sent to: Drug Enforcement public inspection at the Office of the Drug Enforcement Administration Administration, Attention: DEA Federal Secretary and on EDIS. [Docket No. DEA–713] Register Representative/DPW, 8701 The Commission vote for these Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152. All requests for a hearing must determinations took place on September Importer of Controlled Substances Application: Cerilliant Corporation be sent to: Drug Enforcement 8, 2020. Administration, Attn: Administrator, The authority for the Commission’s AGENCY: Drug Enforcement 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, determination is contained in section Administration, Justice. Virginia 22152. All request for a hearing 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as ACTION: Notice of application. should also be sent to: (1) Drug amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), and in Part SUMMARY: Cerilliant Corporation has Enforcement Administration, Attn: 210 of the Commission’s Rules of applied to be registered as an importer Hearing Clerk/OALJ, 8701 Morrissette Practice and Procedure (19 CFR part of basic class(es) of controlled Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152; and 210). substance(s). Refer to Supplemental (2) Drug Enforcement Administration, Attn: DEA Federal Register By order of the Commission. Information listed below for further Representative/DPW, 8701 Morrissette Issued: September 8, 2020. drug information. DATES: Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152. Lisa Barton, Registered bulk manufacturers of the affected basic class(es), and SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In Secretary to the Commission. applicants therefore, may file written accordance with 21 CFR 1301.34(a), this [FR Doc.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2013/142184 Al 26 September 2013 (26.09.2013) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2013/142184 Al 26 September 2013 (26.09.2013) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, A61K 33/16 (2006.01) A61K 31/7048 (2006.01) HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, A61K 33/14 (2006.01) A61K 31/70 (2006.01) KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, A61K 33/18 (2006.01) A61K 31/4196 (2006.01) ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, (21) International Application Number: RW, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, PCT/US20 13/030788 TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, (22) International Filing Date: ZM, ZW. 13 March 2013 (13.03.2013) (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (25) Filing Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, (26) Publication Language: English UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (30) Priority Data: TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, 61/612,689 19 March 2012 (19.03.2012) US EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, (71) Applicant: YALE UNIVERSITY [US/US]; Two Whitney TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, Avenue, New Haven, CT 065 10 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • Colorimetric Approaches to Drug Analysis and Applications – a Review
    REVIEW ARTICLE Am. J. PharmTech Res. 2019; 9(01) ISSN: 2249-3387 Journal home page: http://www.ajptr.com/ Colorimetric Approaches To Drug Analysis And Applications – A Review Sowjanya Gummadi*, Mohana Kommoju Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India ABSTRACT The main purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of colorimetric approaches to drug analysis both in dosage forms as well as biological samples. Colorimetric methods using colorimetric reagents are highly sensitive, specific and an easy way of determining various analytes in a variety of matrices within a short time. The colorimetric procedures discussed are statistically validated and reported in various quality control laboratories. Hence in the present review significance of colorimetric procedures, various reagents used along with principles and applications are mentioned. Key words: Colorimetric approaches, sensitive, matrices, quality control, applications. *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Received 01 November 2018, Accepted 23 December 2018 Please cite this article as: Gummadi S et al., Colorimetric Approaches To Drug Analysis And Applications – A Review. American Journal of PharmTech Research 2019. Gummadi et. al., Am. J. PharmTech Res. 2019; 9(01) ISSN: 2249-3387 INTRODUCTION Colorimetry is a technique which involves the quantitative estimation of colors frequently used in biochemical investigation. Color can be produced by any substance when it binds with color forming chromogens. The difference in color intensity results in difference in the absorption of light. The intensity of color is directly proportional to the concentration of the compound being measured.1 Wavelength between 380 nm to 780 nm forms the visible band of light in electromagnetic spectrum.
    [Show full text]