Sell-1731A , Gold – Bulk/Heap
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Public Trust: Application of the Public Trust Doctrine to Groundwater Resources
TRUSTING THE PUBLIC TRUST: APPLICATION OF THE PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE TO GROUNDWATER RESOURCES Jack Tuholske∗ TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ...................................................................................................190 I. An Overview of Groundwater Problems in the United States...............193 A. Running Low in the High Plains .....................................................193 B. A Garden in the Wilderness.............................................................195 C. Land Subsidence...............................................................................197 D. Natural Resource Extraction............................................................198 E. Bottled Water: Groundwater as a Consumer Commodity .............200 F. Saltwater Intrusion: The Sea Cometh..............................................201 G. Reduced Surface Flows ...................................................................202 H. Groundwater Depletion: A Pervasive Nationwide Problem .........203 II. A Brief Overview of Groundwater Law ................................................204 A. Common Law Applied to Groundwater .........................................205 B. Statutory Overlays............................................................................211 III. The Public Trust and Groundwater.......................................................214 A. Brief Historical Overview of the Public Trust Doctrine................214 B. New Applications of the Public Trust Doctrine .............................216 IV. Groundwater -
Nevada Gold Mines - Cortez Mine
CASE STUDY Vigilante Air Quality Station™ Return safely and quicker to the face. Vigilante AQS™ Case Study at Nevada Gold Mines - Cortez Mine stations, to measure environmental conditions in real-time for worker health and safety and to reduce the total installed infrastructure costs. Nevada Gold Mines is a joint venture between Barrick (61.5%) and Newmont CorPoration (38.5%), creating the single largest gold-Producing comPlex in the world. The mining oPeration comPrises eight mines along with their associated infrastructure and Processing facilities. Nevada Gold Mines is oPerated by Barrick. Cortez Gold Mine is a located aPProximately 75 miles (120 km) southwest of Elko, Nevada, USA. The Cortez Hills Underground Mine (CHUG) is fully The Challenge mechanized, with large scale equiPment using a combination of cut and fill mining with cemented Underground mines have challenging backfill and Primary and secondary longhole environmental conditions, including toxic gases stoPing with cemented and uncemented backfill. from blasting, oPerating vehicles and/or gases given off by the surrounding strata rock. At greater Identifying the mining industry’s demand for real- dePths, the air is denser and continues to Pick uP time data to monitor and control air quality, Maestro heat from the exposed rock causing worker heat Digital Mine worked with CorteZ Mine to address stress concerns. the challenges associated with working in the harsh underground mining environment by protecting Nevada Gold Mines goal is to make its oPerations miners from acute or chronic gas related health as safe and efficient as Possible, at the lowest conditions. Nevada Gold Mines integrated Maestro Possible cost. -
Newmont Mining Corporation Reduction of Conflict in The
Draft Final Report to Newmont Mining Corporation Reduction of Conflict in the Extractive Industries Using Good Neighbor Agreements by Alexandra Masaitis Glenn C. Miller Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno August, 2015 i Glenn C. Miller Alexandra Masaitis Reduction of conflicts in the extractive industries using Good Neighbor Agreements Abstract Conflicts between mining companies and communities are now prevalent in many countries of the world, both developed and developing. These conflicts have often resulted in delays of mine project development as well as adverse effects to the communities. Reduction of those conflicts has been shown to be best accomplished by good communication, transparency, and a willingness of each of the parties to both understand the positions of other participants, but also a willingness to compromise. One of the types of agreements that have shown success is termed a “Good Neighbor Agreement” (GNA). The needs for this project are to create an open dialog between the mining company and all interested parties who may have concerns regarding the social or environmental impacts from the mine, to minimize the possible conflicts and disagreements, and create the negotiation tools, which can be implemented any time, depending on the needs. In this case, an agreement is negotiated where good communication and frequent meetings are utilized, and the resulting agreement has sufficient penalties that if any of the signatories to the agreement fail to abide by that agreement, those penalties will be imposed. This process is often complicated, but ultimately has the potential to reduce threats of appeals or legal action, but at the same time may require elimination of certain practices. -
Number 72 Spring 2016
Number 72 Spring 2016 An organization of retirees of the Geologic Division, U.S. Geological Survey, who seek to keep in touch with each other and with their former Agency. Officers National Officers President John Keith 703-435-1147 Vice President John Aaron 703-437-4001 Secretary/Treasurer Odette B. James 703-476-9738 Regional Officers East Jim McNeal 703-476-0025 Central John S. Stuckless 303-236-7847 Katherine L. Varnes 303-237-2639 West Pat Muffler 650-493-6439 Newsletter Editor Bill Outerbridge 703-860-8537 Deputy Assistant Editor Kathleen Gohn 703-620-3368 Production Dave Newman 540-212-3281 Directory Coordinator Odette James 703-476-9738 References Bob Tilling [email protected] Address Geologic Division Retirees U.S. Geological Survey 953 National Center Reston, VA 20192 Email Address [email protected] About the Cover: Sampling trip into the Sierra Agua Verde, Sonora, Mexico, February 20, 1983. Left to right: Juan Manuel Morales-Ramirez, Anita Harris, Bruce Wardlaw, Jack Stewart, and Barney Poole. Before his recent death, Bruce told John Keith that each person collected about 20 kilos of rock, and the hike out was a very long one. Anita was lagging behind, and Bruce dropped back to check on her. She said, “I just can’t make it with my samples—can you put them in your pack and not tell the others?” So Bruce hauled 40 kilos for the rest of the trip. (Photo by Barney P. with camera on timer) From the President Treasurer’s Report and Membership Statistics Many of you are familiar with the American Geosciences (formerly Geologic) Institute. -
Principles of Extractive Metallurgy Lectures Note
PRINCIPLES OF EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY B.TECH, 3RD SEMESTER LECTURES NOTE BY SAGAR NAYAK DR. KALI CHARAN SABAT DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING PARALA MAHARAJA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BERHAMPUR DISCLAIMER This document does not claim any originality and cannot be used as a substitute for prescribed textbooks. The information presented here is merely a collection by the author for their respective teaching assignments as an additional tool for the teaching-learning process. Various sources as mentioned at the reference of the document as well as freely available material from internet were consulted for preparing this document. The ownership of the information lies with the respective author or institutions. Further, this document is not intended to be used for commercial purpose and the faculty is not accountable for any issues, legal or otherwise, arising out of use of this document. The committee faculty members make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. BPUT SYLLABUS PRINCIPLES OF EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY (3-1-0) MODULE I (14 HOURS) Unit processes in Pyro metallurgy: Calcination and roasting, sintering, smelting, converting, reduction, smelting-reduction, Metallothermic and hydrogen reduction; distillation and other physical and chemical refining methods: Fire refining, Zone refining, Liquation and Cupellation. Small problems related to pyro metallurgy. MODULE II (14 HOURS) Unit processes in Hydrometallurgy: Leaching practice: In situ leaching, Dump and heap leaching, Percolation leaching, Agitation leaching, Purification of leach liquor, Kinetics of Leaching; Bio- leaching: Recovery of metals from Leach liquor by Solvent Extraction, Ion exchange , Precipitation and Cementation process. -
Golden Rules Making the Case for Responsible Mining
GOLDEN RULES Making the case for responsible mining A REPORT BY EARTHWORKS AND OXFAM AMERICA Contents Introduction: The Golden Rules 2 Grasberg Mine, Indonesia 5 Yanacocha Mine, Peru, and Cortez Mine, Nevada 7 BHP Billiton Iron Ore Mines, Australia 9 Hemlo Camp Mines, Canada 10 Mongbwalu Mine, the Democratic Republic of Congo 13 Rosia Montana Mine, Romania 15 Marcopper Mine, the Philippines, and Minahasa Raya and Batu Hijau Mines, Indonesia 17 Porgera Gold Mine, Papua New Guinea 18 Junín Mine, Ecuador 21 Akyem Mine, Ghana 22 Pebble Mine, Alaska 23 Zortman-Landusky Mine, Montana 25 Bogoso/Prestea Mine, Ghana 26 Jerritt Canyon Mine, Nevada 27 Summitville Mine, Colorado 29 Following the rules: An agenda for action 30 Notes 31 Cover: Sadiola Gold Mine, Mali | Brett Eloff/Oxfam America Copyright © EARTHWORKS, Oxfam America, 2007. Reproduction is permitted for educational or noncommercial purposes, provided credit is given to EARTHWORKS and Oxfam America. Around the world, large-scale metals mining takes an enormous toll on the health of the environment and communities. Gold mining, in particular, is one of the dirtiest industries in the world. Massive open-pit mines, some measuring as much as two miles (3.2 kilometers) across, generate staggering quantities of waste—an average of 76 tons for every ounce of gold.1 In the US, metals mining is the leading contributor of toxic emissions to the environment.2 And in countries such as Ghana, Romania, and the Philippines, mining has also been associated with human rights violations, the displacement of people from their homes, and the disruption of traditional livelihoods. -
Characterization of Mine Leachates and the Development of a Ground-Water Monitoring Strategy for Mine Sites
United States Office of Research and EPA/600/SR-99/007 Environmental Protection Development February 1999 Agency Washington, D.C. 20460 Project Summary Characterization of Mine Leachates and the Development of a Ground-Water Monitoring Strategy for Mine Sites Russell H. Plumb Jr. The total number of active and effective ground-water monitoring inactive mining sites in the United strategy: States has been estimated to be as high as 82,000. The 20,000 active mining 1. The composition and environ- sites currently process an estimated 1.5 mental behavior of mine waste billion tons of ore per year and the leachates is poorly understood. cumulative quantity of mine waste that has been produced has been estimated 2. The problem of how to effectively to be 50 billion tons. These wastes are sample the large areas covered by usually discarded in waste piles, tailings tailings ponds, that range in size basins, and depleted heap leaching from several acres to several pads. Although the adverse thousand acres, has never been environmental impacts of mine waste addressed. leachates and acid mine drainage on surface waters have been widely 3. The parameters that should be documented, the impact of mine monitored in ground water leachates on ground water is poorly adjacent to mine waste disposal understood. One of the factors that sites to detect fugitive mine waste contributes to this situation is the fact leachate have not been selected that the United States does not have a and evaluated. national strategy for monitoring of mining sites. The objective of this research project was to develop a better understanding When the Resource, Conservation, of the composition of mine waste and Recovery Act (RCRA) program was leachates and to identify cost effective initially developed, seventeen industries ground-water monitoring parameters were classified as generators of non- that could be incorporated into a hazardous wastes and exempted from monitoring strategy to reliably detect the the ground-water monitoring migration of contaminants from hard requirements. -
Identification and Description of Mineral Processing Sectors And
V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS As shown in Exhibit 5-1, EPA determined that 48 commodity sectors generated a total of 527 waste streams that could be classified as either extraction/beneficiation or mineral processing wastes. After careful review, EPA determined that 41 com modity sectors generated a total of 354 waste streams that could be designated as mineral processing wastes. Exhibit 5-2 presents the 354 mineral processing wastes by commodity sector. Of these 354 waste streams, EPA has sufficient information (based on either analytical test data or engineering judgment) to determine that 148 waste streams are potentially RCRA hazardous wastes because they may exhibit one or more of the RCRA hazardous characteristics: toxicity, ignitability, corro sivity, or reactivity. Exhibit 5-3 presents the 148 RCRA hazardous mineral processing wastes that will be subject to the Land Disposal Restrictions. Exhibit 5-4 identifies the mineral processing commodity sectors that generate RCRA hazardous mineral processing wastes that are likely to be subject to the Land D isposal Restrictions. Exhibit 5-4 also summarizes the total number of hazardous waste streams by sector and the estimated total volume of hazardous wastes generated annually. At this time, however, EPA has insufficient information to determine whether the following nine sectors also generate wastes that could be classified as mineral processing wastes: Bromine, Gemstones, Iodine, Lithium, Lithium Carbonate, Soda Ash, Sodium Sulfate, and Strontium. -
Report on the Reserve Estimate & Feasibility Study
REPORT ON THE RESERVE ESTIMATE & FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE ISABELLA PEARL PROJECT, NEVADA REPORT ON THE ESTIMATE OF RESERVES and the FEASIBILITY STUDY for the ISABELLA PEARL PROJECT MINERAL COUNTY, NEVADA for WALKER LANE MINERALS CORP. Signed by: FRED H. BROWN, PGeo Senior Resource Geologist, GRC Nevada Inc. J. RICARDO GARCIA, PEng Corporate Chief Engineer, Gold Resource Corp. BARRY D. DEVLIN, PGeo Vice President, Exploration, Gold Resource Corp. JOY L. LESTER, SME-RM Chief Geologist, Gold Resource Corp. and Gold Resource Corp. and GRC Nevada Inc. Technical Staff Effective Date: December 31, 2017 REPORT ON THE RESERVE ESTIMATE & FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE ISABELLA PEARL PROJECT, NEVADA TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………14 1.1 Introduction and Purpose ...…………………………………………………………………………………14 1.2 Property Description and Ownership .………………………………………………………………………14 1.3 Geology and Mineralization …………………………………………………………………………...........15 1.4 Exploration and Mining History .…………………………………………………………………………………..15 1.5 Metallurgical Testing and Process Design Criteria .…………………………………………..…16 1.6 Economic Mineralized Material .…………………………………………………………………………………..18 1.7 Mineral Reserve Estimate .…………………………………………………………………………………..19 1.8 Mining Methods ………………………………………………………………………………………………..20 1.9 Mineral Processing and Recovery Methods …………………………………………………………..22 1.10 Project Infrastructure ………………………………………………………………………………………………..23 1.11 Environmental Studies and Permitting ……………………………………………………………………….25 1.12 Capital and Operating -
Copper Recovery Using Leach/Solvent Extraction/Electrowinning Technology
Copper recovery using leach/solvent extraction/electrowinning technology: Forty years of innovation, 2.2 million tonnes of copper annually by G.A. Kordosky* small scale in analytical chemistry3 and on a large scale for the recovery of uranium from Synopsis sulphuric acid leach solutions4. Generally Mills had already developed and commercialized The concept of selectively extracting copper from a low-grade dump Alamine® 336 as an SX reagent for the leach solution followed by stripping the copper into an acid recovery of uranium from sulphuric acid leach solution from which electrowon copper cathodes could be produced liquors5 and believed that a similar technology occurred to the Minerals Group of General Mills in the early 1960s. for copper recovery would be welcome. This simple, elegant idea has resulted in a technology by which However, an extensive market survey showed about 2.2 million tonnes of high quality copper cathode was produced in year 2000. The growth of this technology is traced over that the industry reception for copper recovery time with a discussion of the key plants, the key people and the by L/SX/EW technology was almost hostile. important advances in leaching, plant design, reagents and The R&D director of a large copper producer electrowinning that have contributed to the growth of this predicted at an AIME annual meeting that technology. Some thoughts on potential further advances in the there would never be a pound of copper technology are also given. recovered using solvent extraction and his comment prompted -
Geochemical Reconnaissance of the Cortez-Buckhorn Area, X Southern Cortez Mountains, -V Nevada
- Geochemical Reconnaissance of the Cortez-Buckhorn Area, x Southern Cortez Mountains, -v Nevada By JOHN D. WELLS and JAMES E. ELLIOTT , CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY \ _____________________________ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1312-P * Geochemical data show the distribution of gold, silver, mercury, arsenic, antimony, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and tellurium in carbonate and siliceous sedimentary rocks - and granitic and basaltic igneous rocks UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1971 -A, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 79-609840 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 2040 CONTENTS Pago Abstract._________-_-_---____-_-_-----__-- PI Introduction. ______._.__.._._._.__-.__-.__- 2 Previous geochemical and geologic work... 2 Acknowledgments. _____.____-___-.___-. 2 General geology.___._._._-..-_-_._.-_.. 4 Ore deposits.________________---_-_-_-_ 5 Current geochemical work.__________________ 6 Geochemical anomalies.______-----_-_-_-_._ 7 Geochemical maps-__--_--_-_---------_-_-- 8 Summary of geochemical anomalies.__-_-__-_- 14 Summary of geologic associations.._.__.-_-_._ 15 Geochemical anomalies and exploration targets. 16 References cited._______--____-____-_-_--_- 17 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates are in pocket] PLATE 1. Generalized geologic map and geochemical map showing dis tribution of silver, Cortez-Buckhorn area, Lander and Eure ka Counties, Nevada. 2. Geochemical maps showing distribution of gold, mercury, ar senic, and antimony, Cortez-Buckhorn area, Lander and Eureka Counties, Nevada. -
Extractive Metallurgy of Copper This Page Intentionally Left Blank Extractive Metallurgy of Copper
Extractive Metallurgy of Copper This page intentionally left blank Extractive Metallurgy of Copper Mark E. Schlesinger Matthew J. King Kathryn C. Sole William G. Davenport AMSTERDAM l BOSTON l HEIDELBERG l LONDON NEW YORK l OXFORD l PARIS l SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO l SINGAPORE l SYDNEY l TOKYO Elsevier The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands First edition 1976 Second edition 1980 Third edition 1994 Fourth edition 2002 Fifth Edition 2011 Copyright Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@ elsevier.com. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-0-08-096789-9 For information on all Elsevier publications visit our web site at elsevierdirect.com Printed and bound in Great Britain 11 12 13 14 10 9 8 7 6 5 Photo credits: Secondary cover photograph shows anode casting furnace at Palabora Mining Company, South Africa.