Introduction to Command Line and Accessing Servers Remotely

Introduction to command line and accessing servers remotely

Marco Büchler, Emily Franzini, Greta Franzini, Maria Moritz

eTRAP Research Group Göttingen Centre for Digital Humanities Institute of Computer Science Georg August University Göttingen, Germany

DH Estonia 2015 - Text Reuse Hackathon

20. Oktober 2015

Who am I?

•
2001/2

2006
Head of Quality Assurance department in a software company
•••••••
Diploma in Computer Science on big scale co-occurrence analysis
2007- 2008 2011 2013 2014-
Consultant for several SMEs in IT sector Technical project management of eAQUA project PI and project manager of eTRACES project PhD in „Digital Humanities“ on Text Reuse Head of Early Career Research Group eTRAP at Göttingen Centre for Digital Humanities

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Agenda

1) Connecting to the server 2) Some command line introduction

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Connecting to the server

1) Windows: Start Putty 2) Mac + Linux: Open a terminal 3) Connecting to server via ssh -l <login> 192.168.11.4 4) Enter password

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Which folder am I on the server?

Command: pwd (parent working directory)

Usage: pwd <ENTER> Example: pwd <ENTER>

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Which files and directories are contained in my pwd?

Command: ls (list)

Usage: ls -l <FOLDER> <ENTER> // list all files and directory one on each line

ls -la <FOLDER> <ENTER> // show also hidden files ls -lh <FOLDER> <ENTER> // show e.g. files sizes in human-

friendly version

Example: ls -l <ENTER>

ls -lh /home/mbuechler <ENTER>

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How to change a different directory?

Command: cd (change directory)

Usage: cd <FOLDER> <ENTER> // change to <folder> Example: cd ~ <ENTER> // change to „home folder“ cd /storage <ENTER>

cd .. <ENTER>

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How to create a folder?

Command: mkdir (make directory)

Usage: mkdir <FOLDER> <ENTER> // change to folder Example: mkdir /storage/mbuechler <ENTER> // creates a directory in /storage called mbuechler

mkdir /storage/mbuechler/test <ENTER>
// creates a directory in /storage/mbuechler called test

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How to copy a file?

Command: cp (copy file)

Usage: cp <PATH_TO_FILE> <TARGET_FOLDER> <ENTER> Example: cp /storage/HelloWorld.jar /storage/mbuechler <ENTER> // copies HelloWorld.jar to /storage/mbuechler

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How to remove a directory?

Command: rm (removes directory or file)

Usage: rm -r <PATH_TO_FILE_OR_FOLDER> <ENTER> Example: rm /storage/mbuechler/test <ENTER>

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How to run a java programme?

Command: java (run a java programme)

Usage: java -Xmx1g -Dproperty=value -jar <programme> <ENTER>

Example: java -jar HelloWorld.jar

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How to edit a file?

Command: vim (vi improved)

Usage: vim <file_name> <ENTER> Example: vim .bash_profile (use cd ~ first)

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How to edit a file?

vim command:

1) Change to editor modus: type „i“ (insert) 2) Leave editor modus: press ESC-button 3) Leave vim without writing changes to disc: type „:q!“ 4) Leave vim with writing changes to disc: type „:wq“

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Edit the bash_profile

vim command:

1) Change to home folder: cd /home/mbuechler 2) Edit bash_profile: vim .bash_profile 3) Add two lines for adding the correct java version:

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Encoding guide

1) Most UTF-8 editors are able to display the encoding (e.g. on the bottom) 2) If you are not sure, which encoding your data is in or have troubles to display them properly in an editor AND the file is not too big, you can try to open it in your standard text processing program (e.g.Word) to find information on the encoding.

3) Windows: install Cygwin (https://cygwin.com/install.html)

4) After you made sure your .txt files are COPIED to your (cygwin) user directory:

$ file *.txt

5) Depending on the output, list all possible encodings:

$ iconv -l

6) And re-encode (e.g. Windows Hebrew to UTF-8):

$ iconv -f CP1255 -t UTF-8 in.txt > out.txt

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