CQR Digital Journalism
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Published by CQ Press, an Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. www.cqresearcher.com Digital Journalism Is news quality better or worse online? ore and more people in the United States and around the world are getting their news online instead of in print or via radio or television — M the so-called legacy media. Digital news sites allow news to be continually updated, with few if any of the space or other constraints that apply to print publications or radio and television newscasts. With lower upfront costs, journalism ent repreneurs can start businesses more readily than in the past: Electronic tablets and other digital devices are increasingly being used to access news, rather than Witness the new digital-only news sites just started by high-profile print publications or television and radio. But some observers say that new digital sites are more partisan journalists who left prestigious traditional newspaper companies. than traditional news media, and less carefully edited. Yet some observers complain about the increased partisanship seen in digital publications and the increased risk of error with less careful editing than in traditional news media. And the business plans for the new digital sites are works in progress, with uncertain long-term prospects. Meanwhile, traditional news organizations are I reinventing themselves to remain relevant and profitable in the THIS REPORT N digital age. THE ISSUES ....................459 S BACKGROUND ................465 I CHRONOLOGY ................467 D CURRENT SITUATION ........472 E CQ Researcher • May 30, 2014 • www.cqresearcher.com AT ISSUE ........................473 Volume 24, Number 20 • Pages 457-480 OUTLOOK ......................475 RECIPIENT OF SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS AWARD FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY ................478 EXCELLENCE N AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION SILVER GAVEL AWARD THE NEXT STEP ..............479 DIGITAL JOURNALISM May 30, 2014 THE ISSUES SIDEBARS AND GRAPHICS Volume 24, Number 20 Most Americans Get News MANAGING EDITOR: Thomas J. Billitteri • Do digital-only publications [email protected] 459 benefit readers? 460 Online • Do digital-only publications More than 80 percent of ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITORS: Maryann have drawbacks for readers? Americans sometimes get Haggerty, [email protected], Kathy Koch , [email protected] • Will the new digital news their news from a computer. sites succeed financially? SENIOR CONTRIBUTING EDITOR: Digital Sites Debut Thomas J. Colin 461 To Mixed Reviews [email protected] New online news sites gen - BACKGROUND CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: Brian Beary, erated high expectations but Marcia Clemmitt, Sarah Glazer, Kenneth Jost, mixed reviews for design. Changing Technologies Reed Karaim, Peter Katel , Robert Kiener, 465 Digitization is the latest in a Barbara Mantel, Tom Price, Jennifer Weeks Magazine Industry Tries series of news industry 462 SENIOR PROJECT EDITOR: Olu B. Davis innovations. To Adjust to Digital Age Going all-digital is “like life EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Ethan McLeod support — before we pull Exploiting the Web the plug.” FACT CHECKERS: Eva P. Dasher, 466 The World Wide Web has Michelle Harris, Nancie Majkowski diverted ad revenue and readers’ time and attention Newspaper Ad Revenue INTERN: Kaya Yurieff 464 Plummeted from traditional media. Newspaper print and online advertising revenue fell 57 per - Gaining Respect 470 Digital publications slowly cent from 2004 to 2013. proved their editorial and Chronology financial worth. 467 Key events since 1990. An Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. VICE PRESIDENT AND EDITORIAL DIRECTOR, Hyperlocal News Sites HIGHER EDUCATION GROUP: CURRENT SITUATION 468 Cover What Others Don’t Michele Sordi “Mark every death. Remember Starting Up every victim.” EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, ONLINE LIBRARY AND 472 Details are scarce about how REFERENCE PUBLISHING: Todd Baldwin online journalism sites are At Issue: doing. 473 Are print publications adapting Copyright © 2014 CQ Press, an Imprint of SAGE Pub - to online journalism? lications, Inc. SAGE reserves all copyright and other Going Mobile 474 rights herein, unless pre vi ous ly spec i fied in writing. Legacy media are making No part of this publication may be reproduced their websites mobile friendly. FOR FURTHER RESEARCH electronically or otherwise, without prior written permission. Un au tho rized re pro duc tion or trans mis - UTLOOK For More Information sion of SAGE copy right ed material is a violation of O 477 Organizations to contact. federal law car ry ing civil fines of up to $100,000. 475 “Golden Age”? Bibliography CQ Press is a registered trademark of Congressional Some experts think most 478 Selected sources used. Quarterly Inc. online journalism sites will fail while others say this is a CQ Researcher (ISSN 1056-2036) is printed on acid- The Next Step free paper. Pub lished weekly, except: (March wk. 4) golden age for media experi - 479 Additional articles . mentation. (May wk. 4) (July wk. 1) (Aug. wks. 3, 4) (Nov. wk. 4) and (Dec. wks. 3, 4). Published by SAGE Publica - 479 Citing CQ Researcher tions, Inc., 2455 Teller Rd., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Sample bibliography formats. Annual full-service subscriptions start at $1,054. For pricing, call 1-800-818-7243. To purchase a CQ Re - searcher report in print or electronic format (PDF), visit www.cqpress.com or call 866-427-7737. Single reports start at $15. Bulk purchase discounts and electronic-rights licensing are also available. Periodicals postage paid at Thousand Oaks, California, and at additional mailing offices . POST MAST ER: Send ad dress chang es to CQ Re search er , 2300 N St., N.W., Suite 800, Cover: CQ Press/Olu Davis Wash ing ton, DC 20037. 458 CQ Researcher Digital Journalism BY KENNETH JOST self as a data-crunching po - THE ISSUES litical handicapper at The New York Times ’ blog any news junkies FiveThirtyEight , and veteran who logged onto technology reporters Walt M their computers Mossberg and Kara Swisher, Sunday night, April 6, went who founded the closely straight to a site with a full- watched tech blog AllThingsD screen image of the U.S. Capi - at Dow Jones, publisher of tol under ominously gray The Wall Street Journal. Silver clouds. A headline superim - left The Times last year and posed over the scene de - launched a data-journalism clared: “How politics makes site, also called FiveThirtyEight , us stupid.” on March 17 under sponsor - The foreboding tableau ship of the sports network marked the eagerly awaited ESPN. Mossberg and Swish - launch of the newest of a er launched their technology growing number of digital- news site Re/code on Jan. 2 only news sites: Vox , the brain - with financial backing from g child of journalistic wunder kind n NBCUniversal and the in - o Ezra Klein, who turned 30 on W vestment operation of former x e May 9. For the debut, Klein l Yahoo chief executive Terry A wrote a 4,000-word essay built / Semel. s e around research suggesting g In another high-profile start- a m that political partisanship I up, Glenn Greenwald is edi - y t makes people impervious to t tor of The Intercept , launched e new information contradictory G on Feb. 2 and funded by to their views . 1 Former Washington Post star reporter Ezra Klein is one Pierre Omidyar, the billionaire of several top journalists who have jumped from Klein had launched Vox traditional print publications to explore new frontiers in founder of eBay, the Internet after a storied, five-year run digital journalism. Klein, who launched the Post ’s auction site. Greenwald, who at The Washington Post as the popular site Wonkblog , started Vox — “a general news previously worked with the founder and main writer for site for the 21st century” — with the main goal of U.S. website of the British news - the newspaper’s political site, explaining the news. paper The Guardian , made in - Wonkblog. After The Post re - ternational headlines over the fused Klein’s request for a multimillion- they attract attention and traffic for past year with Pulitzer Prize-winning dis - dollar expansion of the must-read site, their content and their role as ex - closures of U.S. and British global sur - he left in January to practice what he periments in how to present news veillance based on documents leaked calls a new kind of journalism. Its mis - and run a successful news business by former National Security Agency (NSA) sion would be “to explain the news” today. They join other digital-only contractor Edward Snowden. and to move readers “from curiosity general news sites that over the past “It seems like not a week goes by to understanding.” decade have been luring news con - without an announcement of a new pro - In years past, would-be Clark Kents sumers onto the Web. ject online headed by a prominent jour - and Lois Lanes aspired to work at na - “The vast majority of Americans now nalist,” says Jim Romenesko, a veteran tionally recognized newspapers such get news in some digital format,” the newspaperman who tracks media on the as The Washington Post or The New Pew Research Center’s Journalism Pro - eponymous website jimromenesko.com . York Times. Today, however, newspaper s ject notes in its most recent report “A lot of legacy journalists want to try are often dismissed as “legacy media,” “State of the News Media 2014.” 2 (See something new, something that’s maybe and stars such as Klein are jumping chart, p. 460. ) a little bit edgy and experimental.” ship to explore new frontiers in digi - Others, who like Klein are making Among the best known of the older tal journalism. Their sites are drawing closely watched transitions, include so-called digital natives, The Huffing - mixed reviews for design, even as Nate Silver, who built a name for him - ton Post mimics conventional news - www.cqresearcher.com May 30, 2014 459 DIGITAL JOURNALISM ism Institute, in his new book Beyond Most Americans Get Their News Online News.