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United States Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION MEMORANDUM DATE: March 1, 2013 SUBJECT: Crop Grouping – Part X: Analysis of the USDA IR-4 Petition to Amend the Crop Group Regulation 40 CFR § 180.41 (c) (25) and Commodity Definitions [40 CFR 180.1 (g)] Related to the Proposed Crop Group 23 Tropical and Subtropical Fruit – Edible Peel. PC Code: NA DP Barcode: NA Decision No.: NA Registration No.: NA Petition No.: NA Regulatory Action: Crop Grouping Regulation Risk Assessment Type: None Case No.: NA TXR No.: NA CAS No.: NA MRID No.: 482971-01 40 CFR: 180.41 (c) (25) and 180.1 (g) FROM: Bernard A. Schneider, Ph.D., Senior Plant Physiologist Chemistry and Exposure Branch Health Effects Division (7509P) THROUGH: Donna Davis and Donald Wilbur, Ph.D., Chairpersons HED Chemistry Science Advisory Council (ChemSAC) Health Effects Division (7509P) TO: Barbara Madden, Minor Use Officer Risk Integration, Minor Use, and Emergency Response Branch (RIMUERB) Registration Division (7505P) cc: IR-4 Project, Bill Barney, Jerry Baron, Dan Kunkel, Debbie Carpenter, Van Starner 2 ACTION REQUESTED: William P. Barney, Crop Grouping Project Coordinator, and Kathryn Homa, Assistant Coordinator, USDA Interregional Research Project No. 4 (IR-4), State Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University has submitted a petition (November 16, 2010) on behalf of the IR-4 Project, and the Tropical Fruits Workgroup of the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) to establish a new Crop Group (40 CFR § 180.41) Crop Group 23, Tropical and Subtropical Fruit – Edible Peel Group, and propose addition of Commodity Definitions 40 CFR 180.1 (g). -
THE MODERN Modern Cocktails
THE MODERN Modern Cocktails Modern Martini Gin, Acqua di Cedro, Aloe Vera Liqueur, Blanc Vermouth, Verjus 22 Don Q Puerto Rico Relief Añejo Rum, Coconut, Lime, Cachaca, Chartreuse, Falernum 18 USHG & Don Q will each donate $5 per cocktail to The Food Bank Of Puerto Rico Gin Gin, Suze, Cucumber, Mint, Grapefruit, Lime, Fennel, Tonic 18 Vodka Aquavit, Lemon Verbena, Campari, Chartreuse, Lime, Grapefruit 18 Bourbon Elijah Craig Small Batch, Raspberry, Campari, White Ale 18 Pisco Chicha Morada, Mezcal, Lemon, Strega 20 Mezcal Del Maguey Vida, Añejo Tequila, Tamarind, Falernum 18 Blanco Tequila Cimarrón, Lime, Almond, Bitter Orange 18 Reposado Tequila Cimarrón, Jicama, Chilies, Lime, Salt 18 Japanese Whisky Akashi White Oak, Shochu, Matcha, Lemongrass, Citrus 20 Rye Rye, Genmaicha, Averna, Breckenridge Bitters, Sweet Vermouth 2 0 Cucumber-Melon Apéritif Blanc Vermouth, St. Germain, Honeydew, Savory, Tonic 16 The Modern is a non-tipping restaurant. Hospitality Included. 1 Zero-Proof Cocktails Classic Cocktails Bamboo Celeste 75 Amontillado, East India Solera, Dry Vermouth, Angostura 16 Raspberry Shrub, Sparkling Apple Cider, Lemon 10 Moscow Mule Buck Lite Vodka, Ginger, Lime, Soda, Angostura 17 Fresh Juiced Ginger, Lime, Ginger-Lime Cordial, Soda 10 Mai Tai 9-5 Jamaican & Guyanese Rum, Agricole, Curaçao, Almond, Lime 20 Cranberry, Lemon, Ginger Beer 10 Jack Rose Calvados, Apple Brandy, Lemon, Lime, Grenadine 1 8 Juices Up to Date Rye, Grand Marnier, Amontillado, East India Solera, Angostura 20 Navarro Vineyards Pinot Noir Juice, California 10 Duché de Longueville Sparkling Apple Cider, France 10 Sparkling Wines Blanc de Noirs Bruno Dangin, Crémant de Bourgogne, Burgundy NV 18 Sodas 7 Boylan’s Root Beer Champagne Fentiman’s Ginger Beer Fever Tree Tonic Brut Fever Tree Gingerale Le Chapitre NV 24 Brut Réserve R. -
Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: an and Taxonomists Throughout the World Who Have Left Inventory
United States Department of Agriculture Perennial Edible Fruits Agricultural Research Service of the Tropics Agriculture Handbook No. 642 An Inventory t Abstract Acknowledgments Martin, Franklin W., Carl W. Cannpbell, Ruth M. Puberté. We owe first thanks to the botanists, horticulturists 1987 Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: An and taxonomists throughout the world who have left Inventory. U.S. Department of Agriculture, written records of the fruits they encountered. Agriculture Handbook No. 642, 252 p., illus. Second, we thank Richard A. Hamilton, who read and The edible fruits of the Tropics are nnany in number, criticized the major part of the manuscript. His help varied in form, and irregular in distribution. They can be was invaluable. categorized as major or minor. Only about 300 Tropical fruits can be considered great. These are outstanding We also thank the many individuals who read, criti- in one or more of the following: Size, beauty, flavor, and cized, or contributed to various parts of the book. In nutritional value. In contrast are the more than 3,000 alphabetical order, they are Susan Abraham (Indian fruits that can be considered minor, limited severely by fruits), Herbert Barrett (citrus fruits), Jose Calzada one or more defects, such as very small size, poor taste Benza (fruits of Peru), Clarkson (South African fruits), or appeal, limited adaptability, or limited distribution. William 0. Cooper (citrus fruits), Derek Cormack The major fruits are not all well known. Some excellent (arrangements for review in Africa), Milton de Albu- fruits which rival the commercialized greatest are still querque (Brazilian fruits), Enriquito D. -
J. Rizal, Lettere Ai Familiari 1/296
J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 1/296 J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 2/296 J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 3/296 5 Frontespizio originale, prima parte. 10 J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 4/296 Frontespizio originale, seconda parte. 5 J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 5/296 José Rizal 5 10 LETTERE AI FAMILIARI 1876-1896 (versione italiana di Vasco Caini) 15 20 25 30 Dalla edizione del centenario, Manila, 1961 J. Rizal, Lettere ai familiari 6/296 PREFAZIONE ORIGINALE 5 Con questo tomo la Commissione nazionale del centenario di José Rizal presenta il secondo della serie di pubblicazioni, nell'adempimento di uno de- gli incarichi espressi dall'Esecutivo nel creare la Commissione. Il tomo è in- 10 tegrato in quattro parti1 contenendo tutta la corrispondenza epistolare di José Rizal. Sebbene molte di queste lettere siano già state pubblicate in vari tomi dalla Biblioteca nazionale e dalla Società storica nazionale delle Filippine, tuttavia torniamo a pubblicarle, includendo un buono numero di quelle, an- cora non conosciute, trovate per gli sforzi del seminario di investigatori della 15 Commissione; e diciamo sforzi, perché in Filippine se ne sono trovate po- chissime, tenendo conto che, nei tempi passati, il solo possesso di una lettera di Rizal poteva provocare una sentenza di prigione, di deportazione o peggio. La Commissione, cosciente del suo dovere rispetto al governo e al po- polo, ha creduto conveniente presentare questo tomo in una forma alquanto 20 differente da quella delle altre pubblicazioni, con l'ansia di adempiere, non solo l'ordine espresso ed apparente di fare una nuova pubblicazione, ma an- che quello di completare e soddisfare in ogni modo il mandato implicito, e lo spirito della legge, che è quello di facilitare al popolo filippino la cono- scenza di Rizal in tutta la sua individualità. -
Intoduction to Ethnobotany
Intoduction to Ethnobotany The diversity of plants and plant uses Draft, version November 22, 2018 Shipunov, Alexey (compiler). Introduction to Ethnobotany. The diversity of plant uses. November 22, 2018 version (draft). 358 pp. At the moment, this is based largely on P. Zhukovskij’s “Cultivated plants and their wild relatives” (1950, 1961), and A.C.Zeven & J.M.J. de Wet “Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity” (1982). Title page image: Mandragora officinarum (Solanaceae), “female” mandrake, from “Hortus sanitatis” (1491). This work is dedicated to public domain. Contents Cultivated plants and their wild relatives 4 Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity 92 Cultivated plants and their wild relatives 4 5 CEREALS AND OTHER STARCH PLANTS Wheat It is pointed out that the wild species of Triticum and related genera are found in arid areas; the greatest concentration of them is in the Soviet republics of Georgia and Armenia and these are regarded as their centre of origin. A table is given show- ing the geographical distribution of 20 species of Triticum, 3 diploid, 10 tetraploid and 7 hexaploid, six of the species are endemic in Georgia and Armenia: the diploid T. urarthu, the tetraploids T. timopheevi, T. palaeo-colchicum, T. chaldicum and T. carthlicum and the hexaploid T. macha, Transcaucasia is also considered to be the place of origin of T. vulgare. The 20 species are described in turn; they comprise 4 wild species, T. aegilopoides, T. urarthu (2n = 14), T. dicoccoides and T. chaldicum (2n = 28) and 16 cultivated species. A number of synonyms are indicated for most of the species. -
Peruvian Chicha: a Focus on the Microbial Populations of This Ancient Maize-Based Fermented Beverage
microorganisms Article Peruvian chicha: A Focus on the Microbial Populations of This Ancient Maize-Based Fermented Beverage Daniela Bassi 1, Luigi Orrù 2, Jeison Cabanillas Vasquez 3 , Pier Sandro Cocconcelli 1 and Cecilia Fontana 4,* 1 DISTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy. Biotechnology Research Centre (CRB), via Milano 24, 26100 Cremona, Italy; [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (P.S.C.) 2 Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca per la Genomica Vegetale (CREA-GPG), 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy; [email protected] 3 Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientia, Esquina Constelaciones y Sol de Oro S/N, Urbanización Sol de Oro, Cercado de Lima 15302, Peru; [email protected] 4 INTA EEA Famaillá, Tucumán 4172, Argentina * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 19 December 2019; Accepted: 1 January 2020; Published: 10 January 2020 Abstract: Peruvian chicha de jora is one of the most ancient traditional beverages produced through maize fermentation, still popular to modern consumers, but less studied in terms of microbial compositions. In this work, the bacterial biodiversity of 27 chicha samples collected from 14 different “chicherias” in seven provinces of Peru was investigated by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). A large dissimilarity in chicha microbial composition was a direct consequence of ingredients, manufacturing processes and geographical influences. The core microbiome was represented by six main genera, belonging to Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Acetic Acid Bacteria (AAB). Lactobacillus prevailed (more than 50% of sequences belong to this genus) followed by Weissella, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus and Streptococcus. -
Chicha and the Energetics of Feasting in the Prehistoric Andes
13 La Chichera y El Patr´on: Chicha and the Energetics of Feasting in the Prehistoric Andes Justin Jennings University of California at Santa Barbara ABSTRACT Although archaeologists have recognized the importance of feasting in past societies, there has been little system- atic work examining the high preparation costs of these events. I suggest that elites faced substantial hurdles in accumulating sufficient land and labor to underwrite feasts. By analyzing the production sequence for the food and drink consumed at these occasions, we can better understand some of the hurdles and how they were overcome. This chapter, a case study for an energetics approach to feasting, details certain aspects of chicha (maize beer) production and consumption in the central Andes and its role in Andean feasts. In particular, I consider the amount of maize needed to brew chicha, the amount of labor and equipment that it takes to brew this beer, and the amount of chicha consumed at an event. I argue that the greatest barrier to throwing feasts in the prehistoric Andes was likely bottlenecks in the brewing process rather than the production of adequate maize. Keywords: chicha, brewing, drinking, energetics, food production ver the past decade, archaeologists have increasingly and greater means to convert these resources into the food Ocome to the conclusion that feasts played an immensely and drink offered at feasts. important role in the social, economic, and political arenas of Power in these societies was based in part, therefore, on ancient cultures (Blitz 1993; Clark and Blake 1994; Dietler an individual’s access to sufficient land and labor to provide 1990, 1996, 2001; Gero 1992; Gumerman 1997, 2002; the resources needed for a feast (Feinman 2001:159). -
Coca Production in the Yungas of La Paz, 1548-1570
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 8-2008 The Impact of the European Economy on an Indigenous Productive Regime: Coca Production in the Yungas of La Paz, 1548-1570 Krista Anderson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Anderson, Krista, "The Impact of the European Economy on an Indigenous Productive Regime: Coca Production in the Yungas of La Paz, 1548-1570" (2008). Master's Theses. 3965. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3965 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY ON AN INDIGENOUS PRODUCTIVE REGIME: COCA PRODUCTION IN THE YUNGAS OF LA PAZ, 1548-1570 by Krista Anderson A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements forthe Degree of Master of Arts Department of History Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 2008 © 2008 Krista Anderson THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY ON AN INDIGENOUS PRODUCTIVE REGIME: COCA PRODUCTION IN THE YUNGAS OF LA PAZ, 1548-1570 Krista Anderson, M.A. Western Michigan University, 2008 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a European system of mercantile production on the indigenous organization of coca production in the yungas of La Paz in the years immediately following the Spanish conquest until the administration of Viceroy Francisco de Toledo (1569-1581 ). -
Production of Maize Beer at a Wari Site in the Ayacucho Valley, Peru1
© ARQUEOLOGIA IBEROAMERICANA 5 (2010), 23–35. ISSN 1989–4104. <http://www.laiesken.net/arqueologia/> PRODUCTION OF MAIZE BEER AT A WARI SITE IN THE AYACUCHO VALLEY, PERU1 Lidio M. Valdez,* Katrina J. Bettcher and J. Ernesto Valdez** * McEwan University, University of Lethbridge, University of Alberta, Canada; ** University of Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru ABSTRACT. Alcohol consumption is not just a current da con la producción de bebidas fermentadas en el pasa- phenomenon; archaeological findings demonstrate that do. Aquí utilizamos la evidencia proveniente del sitio de many ancient civilizations around the world also made Marayniyoq, perteneciente al Horizonte Medio y ubica- fermented beverages from a variety of products, includ- do en la sierra central del Perú como un ejemplo para ing maize. However, the archaeological study of ferment- discutir la producción de las bebidas fermentadas. ed beverages is not straightforward because the raw materials used in alcohol production are recovered only PALABRAS CLAVE: producción, bebida fermentada, under exceptional conditions of preservation and the cerveza, maíz, Wari, Ayacucho, Perú. equipment remains are fragmentary. In this paper, our aim is to consider how ethnographical and ethnohistori- cal data may be used to better interpret the potential ar- chaeological evidence for the production of fermented OOD AND FERMENTED BEVERAGES ARE AMONG THE MOST beverages. Here we use as an example the Middle Hori- ordinary aspects of human life (Pollock 2003: 18). zon site of Marayniyoq, from the Peruvian central high- FLikewise, “food is intrinsically social” and that “so- lands to discuss the production of fermented beverages. cial relations are defined and maintained through food” (Gumerman 1997: 106). -
Que Es Pisco?
QUE ES PISCO? CERVEZA EN BARRIL 8 DE LA BARRA 15 Pisco, the national spirit of Peru, is clear liquor *Our Handles Rotate Regularly – Please Ask Your Server Ritas made from specific Peruvian grapes varietals. What Cerveza on Tap We Have * Our Version of a Margarita choose It’s produced under a strict 400+ years old Bribon Tequila Silver or Union Mezcal traditional process that renders the most Espadin, Oaxacan Sal De Gusano naturally derived spirit on earth from grapes. CERVEZA D BOTELLA 8 Pitcher 45 Cuzqueña Peru Cristal Peru Caipirinha CHAPA TU PISCO 25 Angry Orchard Cider Cincinnati Leblon Rum Cachaca, fresh lime, azúcar Choice of three Piscos Ballast Point IPA San Diego marrón, lime zest Capurro, Premium Pisco, Moscatel Anchor Steam San Francisco Capurro, Premium Pisco, Torontel Blue moon Colorado Nueva Vida Capurro, Premium Pisco, Acholado MICHELADA 13 Capurro, Premium Pisco, Quebranta La Pinta Tequila Pomegranate, jalapeno, fresh mint leaves, fresh lime juice NON-ALCOHOLIC DRINKS 7 Martini de Basil y Menta TRADICIONALES 15 Inka Kola Peruvian Soda Aviation Gin, fresh lime juice, fresh basil Pisco Sour Chicha Morada Blue Corn Juice leaves, fresh mint leaves Ask about Chicha and Maracuya Sour Maracuya Passion Fruit Juice La Caravedo Pisco, lime, egg whites, Bundaberg Ginger Beer Jalisco no te Rajes sugar, cinnamon Fentimans Old English Root Beer Bribon Tequila Blanco, Mango, Fresh Brew Mango Ice Tea homemade pineapple puree, fresh lime Chilcano Fresh Brew Black Ice Tea juice, Sal de -
Seeds and Plants Imported
Issued May 20,1922 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. WILLIAM A. TAYLOR, CMe/tyB^aw, ^ INVENTORY OF SEEDS AND PLANTS IMPORTED BY THE OFFICE OF FOREIGN SEED AND PLANT INTRODUCTION DURING THE PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1918. (No. 57; Nos. 46588 TO 46950.) WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1122 Issued May 20, 1922 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. WILLIAM A. TAYLOR, Chief of Bureau. INVENTORY OF SEEDS AND PLANTS IMPORTED BY THE OFFICE OF FOREIGN SEED AND PLANT INTRODUCTION DURING THE PERIOD FROM OCTOBER 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1918. (No. 57; Nos. 46588 TO 46950.) WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1922 BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. Chief of Bureau, WILLIAM A. TAYLOR. Associate Chief of Bureau, KARL F. KELLERMAN. Officer in Charge of Publications, J. E. ROCKWELL. Assistant in Charge of Business Operations, H. E. ALLANSON. FOREIGN SEED AND PLANT INTRODUCTION. SCIENTIFIC STAFF. David Fairchild, Agricultural Explorer in Charge. P. H. Borsett, Plant Introducer, in Charge of Plant Introduction Gardens. B. T. Galloway, Plwit Pathologist, Special Research Projects. Peter Bisset, Plant Introducer, in Charge of Experimenters' Service. Wilson Popenoe and J. F. Rock, Agricultural Explorers. R. A. Young-, Plant Introducer, in Charge of Dasheen and Tropical Yam Investigations. H. C. Skeels, Botanist, in Charge of Collections. G. P. Van Eseltine, Assistant Botanist, in Charge of Publications. L. G. Hoover, Assistant Plant Introducer, in Charge of Chayote Investigations. C. C. Thomas, Assistant Plant Introducer, in Charge of Jujube Investigations. E. L. Crandall, Assistant in Charge of Photographic Laboratory. P. G. Russell and Patty Newbold, Scientific Assistants. -
Latin America Tabla De
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR AID USE ONLY WASHINGTON, D. C. 20523 e~ . BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET I 1At-I fX A. PrNIAAR'V . '.J,RECT Food production and nutrition ASIO-0000-G302 FI(.ATIUN i t. f I'.',II'AeaY Food composition--Latin America 2. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Tabla de composicion de alimentos para uso en America Latina 3. AUTHOR(S) (101) HEW/PHS; Instituto de Nutricion de Centro America y Panama 4. DOCUMENT DATE 5. NUMBER OF PAGES 6. ARC NUMBER 1961lI ARC 7. REFERENCE ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS AID/TA/N 8. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (Sponsorlng Organization, Publiahera, Availability) 9. ABSTRACT 10. CONTROL NUMBER 11. PRICE OF DOCUMENT PN-AAD-794 12. DESCRIPTORS 13. PROJECT NUMBER Latin America Food analysis 14. (TJip UMBER Nutritive value 15. TYPE Formulas OF DOCUMENT AID 590-1 44-741 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN EVALUATED AS SUBSTANDARD COPY FOR ROUTINE REPRODUCTION. EFFORTS IN AID/W TO OBTAIN A MORE ACCEPTABLE COPY OF THE DOCUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN SUCCESSFUL. DESPITE THIS DISADVANTAGE, WE HAVE CHOSEN TO REPRODUCE THE DOCUMENT BECAUSE OF THE SUBJECT TREATED AND TO MAKE THE DISCERNIBLE INFORMATION AVAILABLE. T A B LA D E C O M P O S I C IO N D 'E A L I M E N T O S PARA U3SO EN AMERICA LATINA Preparada bajo los auspicios del Comite Interdepartmental de Nutricidn para la Defensa Nackbnal Instituto Nacional para Artritis y Enfermedades Metabdlicas Institutos Nacionales de la Salud, Bethesda, Maryland, E. I. U. U. y del Instituto de Nutricidn de Centro America y Panamd Ciudad de Gdatemalaj Guatemala, C.