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Tortugas Marinas Amenazas Huevos y crías Tortugas marinas Los huevos y crías son depredados por mapaches, Las tortugas marinas son reptiles que han habitado el planeta por más La captura incidental por redes y palangres es una de las hormigas, cangrejos, gaviotas, pelícanos, coyotes, de 100 millones de años. Existen registros de las 6 especies de tortugas 1 tortuga es capturada por cada principales amenazas para tortugas marinas en el mar; mientras siendo parte de la red alimenticia marina. Otros 1,000 m2 de red operando al día. marinas que habitan en México, aunque cuatro son las más que las barreras físicas (espigones, geotubos, rompeolas, entre otros) y predadores son los perros, pero no forman parte Las luces que alumbran la playa pueden frecuentemente avistadas. la infraestructura urbana y turística son las principales en la playa. de las relaciones naturales. ahuyentar a las hembras, y desorientan En promedio 5 tortugas son a las crías aumentando su riesgo de La mayor diferencia externa entre capturadas por cada 10,000 perderse y morir en su camino al mar. hembras y machos es el largo de su cola. anzuelos en palangres operando al día. Macho Hembra 29° C Es la temperatura promedio Menos de 5% de su vida pasan de las playas en la región. Ciclo de vida las hembras en la playa. Crías 4 Pasan hasta 5 años otando Adultos entre sargazo a la deriva de Periodo de Se encuentran en la cima de la red alimenticia. corrientes marinas. Son Juveniles 80% crecimiento 3 Zona de Continúan creciendo toda su vida, migran a depredadas por aves y peces de Migración zonas de reproducción y anidación. Solo son Regresan a zonas poco profundas, se De las nidadas se colocan en alimentación media agua. la cresta de la duna. depredadas por tiburones. El hombre las alimentan generalmente de presas en el fondo del mar. Migrarán a otro hábitat impacta con malas prácticas pesqueras y cuando se acerquen a edad adulta. Son contaminación. depredados por peces mayores, tiburones. Migración Son capturados incidentalmente. 80% De los huevos culmina su 2 reproducción Entre más grandes son incubación como cría que de 2 - 5 años 5 las tortugas menos emerge del nido. 100 - 120 Dispersión Huevos coloca en un nido una de las crías depredadores tiene. de cada crías alcanza la hembra de carey y blanca, poniendo hasta 5 nidadas al año 11000 edad adulta Número de tortugas Periodo Playa de interanidatorio anidación 6 1 (2 semanas) 29°C Es la temperatura que genera 29°C mitad hembras y mitad machos Idea tomada de Gulko y Eckert 2004 Edad de repodrucción Preadulto 25 años 15 años 7 años 3 años 55 días Tiempo Estado de conservación Alimentación Nidada y éxito de incubación Función ecosistémica Recomendaciones Huevos Eclosión ECORREGIÓN No manejes vehículos por la playa, ya que puedes atropellar a las crías de 150 80% Mantienen el equilibrio ecológico y la salud de los hábitats que las carey y otras especies de interés tortugas, así como destruir nidadas en incubación. YUM BALAM - RÍA LAGARTOS comercial ocupan, contribuyen a mantener condiciones Tortuga carey de hábitat y poblacionales óptimas de especies de interés No dejes basura en la playa. Los residuos sólidos en la playa impiden la Eretmochelys imbricata Erizos y esponjas económico para la industria pesquera. anidación de las hembras y complican la entrada de las crías al mar. Pueden quedar atoradas en ellos, o ingerirlos y morir. TORTUGAS 120 95% Es una especie herbívora en su etapa adulta, mantiene en Mantén a tus mascotas con su correa y evita dejarlas libres en la playa, MARINAS buen estado praderas de pastos marinos, que a su vez pueden perturbar nidadas o crías en su camino al mar. ayudan a la estabilidad de playas, y facilitan el ujo de nutrientes entre ambientes marinos. Tortuga blanca Si te encuentras a una tortuga anidando tu mejor ayuda es dejarla que Chelonia mydas Pastos marinos y algas deposite sus huevos en la oscuridad, sin ruido y sin perturbaciones por personas o animales. Notica a autoridades locales. 100 80% Es una especie carnívora, se alimenta de crustáceos y Si encuentras crías en peligro durante su camino al mar, notica a las moluscos y durante su búsqueda contribuye a remover sedimentos en un proceso que se conoce como autoridades locales, procura alejar el peligro que las pone en riesgo mientras bioturbación, con lo cual se promueve la circulación de llegan las autoridades. Tortuga caguama nutrientes y materia orgánica. Caretta caretta Cangrejos, langostas y caracoles Citas Esta especie se alimenta de medusas, las cuales se - Cadena, E. A. y Parham, J. F. 2015. Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the 90 50% Lower Cretaceous of Colombia. PaleoBios, 32: 1 – 42. alimentan de larvas de diferentes peces, entre ellos los de - Garrett, K., Wallace, B., Garner, J. y F. Paladino. 2010. Variations in leatherback turtle nest interés comercial. Al alimentarse de medusas, mantienen environments: consequences for hatching success. Endangered Species Research, 1: 147 – 155. el balance de las poblaciones de estos organismos y - Cuevas, E., Gonzlaez-Garza, B. I., Guzman-Hernandez, V., van Dam, R. P., contribuyen a mantener las poblaciones de peces de - Garcia-Alvarado, P., Abreu-Grobois, F. A. y P. Huerta-Rodriguez. 2012. Tracking turtles o Tortuga Laúd importancia económica. Mexico´s Yucatan Peninssula. e State of the World Sea Turtles, Vol. Vii. Dermochelys coriacea Medusas - Foley, A. M., Schroeder, B. A., Hardy, R., MacPherson, S. L. y M. Nicholas. 2014. - - - Long-term behavior at foraging sites of adult female loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from three Florida rookeries. Marine Biology, doi: 10.1007/s00227-014-2415-9. 180 cm - Gulko, D. y K. L. Eckert. 2004. Sea Turtles: An Ecological Guide. Mutual, Pub. 121 p. 120 cm - Hart, K. M., Lamont, M. M., Fujisaki, I., Tucker, A. D. Y R. R. Carthy. 2012. Common coastal Tallas Pronatura Península de Yucatán (PPY) ha trabajado por 27 años en la conservación de foraging areas for loggerheads in the Gulf of Mexico: Opportunities for marine conservation. 110 cm tortugas marinas en la región de Ría Lagartos y Yum Balam. Biological Conservation, 145: 185 – 194. 90 cm Ha logrado consolidar un programa de monitoreo en las playas de anidación y contribuido Alianza con información de utilidad para el manejo adaptativo y toma de decisiones. Carey - 90 cm Caguama - 110 cm Blanca - 120 cm Laúd - 180 cm Ha contribuido en la elaboración y actualización de sus planes de manejo, considerando una visión regional de conectividad entre áreas protegidas para tortugas marinas. Se ha trabajado de forma cercana con habitantes locales y visitantes para posicionar la Unión Internacional En Peligro Crítico de Extinción para la Conservación de la Naturaleza conservación de las tortugas y sus hábitats como un tema de interés. En Peligro Vulnerable CALICA Colabora de forma cercana con asociaciones pesqueras, agrupaciones locales y autoridades de NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 Protegida los tres gobiernos para la conservación de las áreas naturales protegidas. Convención sobre el comercio internacional Apéndice I. Especies en peligro y que están prohibido de especies amenazadas de fauna y ora (CITES) Cuevas, E., Domínguez-Guerrero, A., Uribe-Martínez, A. y M. López-Castro. 2015 Ecorregión Yum Balam Ría Lagartos: Tortugas Marinas. su comercialización internacional. Infografía. PPY/WWF-FCS. Proyecto Conservación de Tortugas Marinas en Yum Balam. Fotografía: Diana Lira Anidaciones Tortuga Carey Migraciones ECORREGIÓN Florida Holbox YUM BALAM Golfo de Las Coloradas Dzilam Bravo México Progreso RÍA LAGARTOS Isla Contoy Sisal El Cuyo Golfo de Cancún Celestún México La región Ría Lagartos – Yum Balam es de las más importantes Isla Arena en el sureste de México por el número de anidaciones que Cayo Arcas Yucatán recibe de las especies blanca y carey, así como por ser una Cuba importante zona de desarrollo de individuos juveniles y ser parte de importantes corredores migratorios al norte de la Ensenada Xp península para al menos 4 especies. Punta Xen Quintana Roo Costa del Caribe Desde Chenkan Desde Islas Caimán Sabancuy Veracruz Península de Isla Aguada y Tamaulipas Yucatán Campeche Xicalango Chacahito Mar Hacia Belice Mar Caribe Caribe Primer lugar Fuente datos Campeche: Consejo Técnico Consultivo de Tortugas Marinas de Campeche, 2014 La región RBRL-YB en número de nidadas promedio en la península. Primer lugar La península de Yucatán alberga las poblaciones más grandes de tortuga carey en el Atlántico. Tortuga carey Tortuga blanca Más de 200 mil crías Más de 335 mil crías liberadas al año. liberadas al año. APFF Yum Balam 15 días Tiempo que tomó a una LAS COLORADAS tortuga blanca en cruzar de Yum Balam a los Cayos de Florida. EL CUYO HOLBOX RB Ría Lagartos CHIQUILÁ Y Santuario Playa adyacente Río Lagartos ZONAS DE INTERANIDACIÓN ÁREA ALIMENTACIÓN DE JUVENILES ÁREAS DE ALIMENTACIÓN ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS OTRAS ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS Menos del 20% De las áreas de alimentación de tortugas carey PLAYAS PARA ANIDACIÓN y blanca en la región están dentro de un ANP. PLAYAS NÚCLEO PARA ANIDACIÓN CANCÚN CAMPAMENTOS TORTUGUEROS ZONA DE MIGRACIÓN.
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