MAPPING THE FIRST WORLD WAR

SIMON FORTY

© CONWAY CONTENTS

Introduction...... 6 . May 31, 1916...... 54 German retreat, March 1918...... 92 The retreating German Army,

Religion of the population of Croatia and Battle of Jutland: Track ofMarlborough, the Military FIQs in , Belgium, and Germany July-August 1918...... 122

Slavonia, 1910...... 28 May 31, 1916...... 57 from November 28, 1917...... 93 Successive fronts on the Western

Turkey in Europe, 1914...... 29 Mining daily blow chart, Salonika, 1917...... 94 Front in 1 91...... 8 124

German war aims, 1914...... 30 June 30-July 1, 1916...... 58 Salonika, Struma Valley. 1917...... 95 American Corps, Western Front,

U-boat positions around the North Sea coastArmagh and Wood mining, 1916...... 59 Rabegh Flarbour, 1917...... 96 October 15, 1918...... 125

English Channel, Lille Road mining, 1916...... 59 Italy and Eastern Europe in ...... 1917 97 French Order of Battle, as at

August 19, 1 9 1 4 ...... 31 , July-November 1916...... 60 Railroad systems in Belgium, France, and Novem ber 1, 1918...... 126

Defenses of Mauberge, 1914...... 32 Middle East, 1916...... 68 Germany, January 9, 1918...... 98 French Order of Battle, as at

Battle of Tannenberg, August ...... 1914 33 Salonika, 1916...... 69 Main railroad routes on the Novem ber 6, 1918...... 127

The BEF at Mons, August 20-23, 1914...... 34 Nile Delta, 1916...... 69 Western Front, 1918...... 99 Vittorio Veneto, October 30, 1918...... 128

The Crisis of the Marne, Mametz and Montauban,...... 1916 70 German defenses on the Läon Front, Vittorio Veneto Campaign,

Septem ber 9, 1914...... 35 Ridge, 1916...... 70 February 1918...... 100 October-November 1918...... 130

The BEF at the Aisne, September 21, ...... 191436 East Africa, 1 9 1...... 6 72 Bombing raids over Germany, 1918...... 101 XIV Corps in Italy, October 1 9...... 1 8 131

The ',' Yugoslavia, 1916...... 73 Airships and air stations, 1918...... 102 German strength all Fronts,

October—November 1914...... 37 Armoured Car Force, Romania, 1916-17...... 74 The German advance in ...... 1918 104 August '914-August 1918...... 132

Battle of Lodz, November-December 1914...... 38 Trench lines, 1917...... 76 Middle East, 1918...... 106 German military call-ups, 1914-18...... 133

Tanga, German East Africa, December 1914...Dutch 40 coast, 1917...... 76 Battle of the Aisne, April 11, 1918...... 108 Charts showing ammunition expended

Firth of Forth: Inchkeith defenses, 1915...... 41 German attacks on merchant shipping, Fourth Army water supply, in World W ar...... 1 134

Battle of Neuve Chapelle, April 1 91 7...... 78 April 1 -November 11,1918...... 109 Royal Engineers chart, Western Front,

March 10-12, 1915...... 42 M erchant steamship traffic, June 1918...... 79German order of battle, 1918...... 110 1 9 1 6...... 136

Gallipoli, 1915...... 43 Third Battle of , April 1917...... 80 British reserves as at May 24, 1918...... 111 Guns and howitzers: rounds per piece in

Evacuation of Gallipoli, 1915...... 47 Medical posts on the Western Front, ...... 191781 Fifth Army: enemy aerodromes, balloons, France 1914-18...... 137

Defenses around London, 1915...... 48 Scarpe River, 1917...... 81 and hospitals, August 28, 1918...... 112 US Forces in France, March 20, 1919...... 138

Battle of Loos: RFC operations, Battle of Messines, June-July 1917...... 82 RFC in France, August 8, 1 91...... 8 113 Cologne bridgehead, 1918-1919...... 139

September 25, 1915...... 49 Third Battle of , German supply system around Lille, Russia and Northern Asia, ...... 1919 140

Battle of Loos: Hohenzollern R edoubt...... 49 September-November 1917...... 83 September 7, 1918...... 114 1919...... 141

Battle of Loos: RFC operations, Third Battle of Ypres: hostile tactical maps, German communications system, 1918...... 115 Balance of power in the Middle East, 1920.... 142

Septem ber 25, 1915...... 50 September 18-October 21 1917...... 86 Battle of St Mihiel, September 12-14, 1918... 116German Fleet, Scapa Flow, 1919...... 143

Third Battle of Isonzo, October 23, ...... 1915 51 Sixth Battle of Isonzo, August 17, 1917...... 88 Use of tanks, August 8-N ovem ber 8, 1918.... 117Index of Maps...... 144

Airship raids, March 5/6 and Italian Campaign, December 13,...... 1917 89 Argonne, September-November ...... 1918 118

March 31/April 1 1916...... 52 Operations of the 'Dunsterforce' Battle of Flanders, 1918...... 120

Airraid bomb, September25, ...... 1916 53 in north Persia, 1917...... 90 British battles, August-November 1918...... 121