NEW ECONOMIC MODEL for MALAYSIA Concluding Part
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NEW ECONOMIC MODEL FOR MALAYSIA FOR MALAYSIA NEW ECONOMIC MODEL NEW ECONOMIC MODEL FOR MALAYSIA CONCLUDING PART CONCLUDIN High Income G P ART Rakyat Quality of Life Inclusiveness Sustainability NEAC National Economic Advisory Council Level 5 & 11, Menara Usahawan Persiaran Perdana, Precinct 2 NEAC NATIONAL ECONOMIC ADVISORY COUNCIL Federal Government Administrative Centre 62652 PUTRAJAYA MALAYSIA www.neac.gov.my JD135691 00 COVER.indd 1 11/30/10 11:19:00 PM NEAC NATIONAL ECONOMIC ADVISORY COUNCIL NEW ECONOMIC MODEL FOR MALAYSIA Concluding Part: Strategic Policy Measures 3 December 2010 JD135691 01 Title Page.indd 1 11/30/10 10:27:03 PM Copyrights Reserved All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and/or otherwise without the prior permission of: Secretary National Economic Advisory Council Level 5 & 11, Menara Usahawan Persiaran Perdana, Precinct 2 Federal Government Administrative Centre 62652 PUTRAJAYA Tel.: 03-8888 6512/ 8888 6513 Fax: 03-8888 4638/ 8888 6715 Email: [email protected] Website: www.neac.gov.my Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad Jalan Chan Sow Lin 50554 Kuala Lumpur Tel. : 03-9236 6888 Faks : 03-9222 4773 Emel : [email protected] Cover design and layout by: Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad JD135691 01 Title Page.indd 2 11/30/10 10:27:03 PM PREFACE PREFACE This report is the second of two documents prepared by the National Economic Advisory Council (NEAC) on the New Economic Model (NEM). Building upon the overall policy framework set forth in the first document, this report presents greater details on the policy measures embedded in the eight Strategic Reform Initiatives (SRIs) of the NEM for the Government’s consideration. These policy measures were developed following a series of meetings of the NEAC and consultations with stakeholders in the business sector, government, labour unions, academia and others. The list of policy measures is not exhaustive. It represents the essential foundational policy measures that the NEAC believes will propel Malaysia towards the goal of becoming a high income, sustainable and inclusive economy by 2020. The NEAC, as an independent advisory body, has put forward this set of recommendations, but upon their endorsement it will be the task of Government to immediately begin the meaningful implementation of these policy measures. Accordingly, the NEAC strongly advocates that the relevant government agencies and units, working closely with the private sector and other stakeholders, must assume the ownership and a leadership role in designing the implementation framework and timeline to ensure that the detailed policy measures are consistently and steadfastly adopted. In this context, it is highly likely that additional measures or modifications to the measures proposed in this report may be needed and should be undertaken in line with the policy objectives and guiding principles of the NEM. More importantly, the urgent adoption of these policy measures is recommended as they constitute the foundation for the success of the projects under the National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs) launched by the Government at the end of October 2010. While simultaneously tackling the short-term macroeconomic imbalances stemming from the global economic crisis, Malaysia must stay the course in the bold implementation of the NEM cross cutting SRI policy measures of the Economic Transformation Programme. This report is structured as follows: Chapter 1: Components of the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) begins by setting forth the changing international context within which Malaysia must urgently prioritise its economic transformation. Recognising that the problems Malaysia faces are multi-dimensional in nature, the Government has developed a blueprint for action with multi-pronged initiatives. The ETP is a key initiative in this blueprint involvings two integral components represented by the SRIs and the NKEAs. The SRIs seek to remove structural barriers to growth and address chronic weaknesses in the economy. Only when these shortcomings are addressed will Malaysia be able to ride on the NKEAS to achieve the ultimate objectives of high income, inclusiveness and sustainability. Chapter 2: Transformation through Reinvigorating the Private Sector addresses the policy measures embedded in SRI1, SRI3, SRI7, and SRI8, to re-energise the private sector, create a competitive domestic economy, and enhance the sources of sustainable growth. Given the high level of current private sector skepticism, reflected in low private domestic investment, a massive policy package involving deregulation, liberalisation and effective enforcement of the competition law, in line with international standards, is required. i JD135691 02 Content.indd 1 11/30/10 10:37:05 PM Chapter 3: Enhancing Innovation as reflected in SRI6 looks at how innovation can be rekindled with renewed vigor. Recognising that entrepreneurship and innovation are not going to emerge spontaneously, the NEAC discusses the role of the Government in implementing relevant policies and working with all stakeholders to generate a better environment and ecosystem for innovation. Chapter 4: Public Sector Transformation is set forth in SRI4 and proposes an entirely new approach to revitalise, reshape, discard, and re-invent government structures and administrative procedures to meet the requirements of a high income nation. The Government’s strategic direction should be to enhance its interaction with businesses and citizens by creating a Seamless Government. Improving the quality of the civil service requires a drastic revamp of its structure and size. Sound public finance is essential for safeguarding macroeconomic stability and enhancing the future prospects of the rakyat. Chapter 5: Intensifying Human Capital Development underlies SRI2 which addresses the common complaint about the lack of talent and skilled labour as well as a dysfunctional labour market. Better educational and skill training programmes are prerequisites, as are appropriate labour laws and modern human resources management practices and systems. This chapter also highlights the importance of an enhanced worker safety net centred on unemployment insurance. The NEAC advocates a productivity-linked wage-setting system but, given the failures in the current wage-setting mechanisms, accepts the need for the introduction of a minimum wage policy in the interest of inclusiveness. Chapter 6: Narrowing Disparities sets forth policy measures within SRI5 and looks at the key issues surrounding affirmative action and programmes focussed on the bottom 40% of households and the BCIC. The proposed programmes are centred on capacity building, and must be coordinated by a single agency employing a common database of beneficiaries. The NEAC also believes that targeted special programmes for certain groups outside of the bottom 40%, particularly SMEs within the BCIC, should continue but must be made market friendly, transparent, needs- and merit-based. Chapter 7: Implementation Considerations looks at the implementation strategy for the policy measures. There is increasing awareness that there should be more centralised coordination and clear, accountable decision-making at all levels of policy implementation. As suggested in the 10MP, PEMANDU will be the central agency mandated to coordinate the further design and formulation of policy measures, monitor their implementation, and assess effectiveness for the purpose of suggesting any necessary remedial measures. The NEAC recommends supplementing the work of PEMANDU with an Independent Evaluation Board (IEB), whose main task would be to undertake every two years an in-depth strategic review of the impact and relevance of the policy measures underlying the SRIs. Chapter 8: From Vision to Results concludes by highlighting the need for universal commitment to change. The blueprint for Malaysia’s economic transformation is now complete and is encapsulated by initiatives set forth in 1Malaysia, the ETP, the GTP, the 10MP, and further reflected in the 2011 Budget recently unveiled. With an urgent purpose the nation’s focus, energy, and efforts must quickly turn to the implementation challenges. ii JD135691 02 Content.indd 2 11/30/10 10:37:05 PM NTS Contents E NT O C 1 COMPONENTS OF THE ECONOMIC TRANSFormation PROGRAMME (ETP) ........3 1.1 THE CHANGING CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION .....................3 1.2 NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE ETP ..................................................4 2 TRANSFORMATION THROUGH REINVIGORATING THE PRIVATE SECTOR ............ 11 2.1 INTEGRATION INTO THE GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN ........................................ 11 2.2 REINVIGORATING THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO SUPPORT AN INTEGRATED MALAYSIA SUPPLY CHAIN REQUIRES BROAD-BASED STRUCTURAL REFORMS ..........................................................................................................13 2.3 A NEW SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTMENT ....................... 14 2.4 REFORMS TO ELIMINATE RENT-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR ............................... 15 2.4.1 Policy Measure: Revise the Public Sector Governance Framework ..........................................................................................16 2.4.2 Policy Measure: Implement a Compliance Monitoring System ........... 17 2.5 RATIONALISING GOVERNMENT’S PARTICIPATION IN BUSINESS ................. 18 2.5.1 Policy Measure: Set Up a Central