DOCSLIB.ORG

The Social Cognition of Domestic Dogs (Canis Familiaris) During Cross-Species Interactions with Humans

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Social Cognition of Domestic Dogs (Canis Familiaris) During Cross-Species Interactions with Humans The Social Cognition of Domestic Dogs (Canis familiaris) During Cross-Species Interactions with Humans Hannah Kate Worsley School of Environment and Life Sciences University of Salford Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... v INDEX OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... vi AKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ viii 1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 ANIMAL COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL COGNITION ..................................................... 1 1.1.1 Vocal Communication ................................................................................................ 1 1.1.2 Gestural Communication ............................................................................................ 3 1.1.3 Intentional Cross-species Communication ................................................................. 5 1.2 THE STUDY SPECIES: THE DOMESTIC DOG (Canis familiaris) ........................................... 6 1.2.1 A Brief History ............................................................................................................. 6 1.2.2 The Domestication Process: Causes, Changes and Benefits ...................................... 8 1.2.3 The Dog-Human Bond ................................................................................................ 8 1.2.4 The Attachment Bond................................................................................................. 9 1.3 DOG-HUMAN CROSS-SPECIES INTERACTIONS: A BRIEF OVERVIEW ............................... 10 1.4 CITIZEN SCIENCE ............................................................................................................. 12 1.4.1 The Evolution of Citizen Science ............................................................................... 12 1.4.2 Citizen Science: Definitions ....................................................................................... 13 1.5 OVERALL AIM AND THESIS OUTLINE ............................................................................... 14 1.5.1 Aim of the Thesis ...................................................................................................... 14 1.5.2 Thesis Structure ........................................................................................................ 15 2. RESEARCH AIMS, OBJECTIVES, METHODS AND KEY OUTCOMES ......................................... 17 2.1 AIM OF THE RESEARCH ................................................................................................... 17 2.2 METHODS ........................................................................................................................ 17 2.2.1 Objectives 1 and 2: Gestural and Vocal Communication and Social Tool Use ......... 19 2.2.2 Objectives 3, 4 & 5: Understanding Human Phrases, Causal Reasoning and Measuring Ear Temperature ............................................................................................. 22 2.3 SUMMARY OF KEY OUTCOMES ...................................................................................... 26 3. THE INTENTIONAL AND REFERENTIAL CROSS-SPECIES COMMUNICATIVE REPERTOIRE OF DOMESTIC DOGS ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.1 Intentional Vocal Communication .................................................................................. 28 3.2 Intentional Gestural Communication .............................................................................. 29 i 3.3 Referential Signalling Events........................................................................................... 30 3.4 The Present Study ........................................................................................................... 32 3.4.1 Dog-Human Communication .................................................................................... 32 3.4.2 Justifications and Aims ............................................................................................. 35 3.5 STUDY DESIGN ................................................................................................................ 36 3.5.1 Specific Procedure and Design ................................................................................. 36 3.5.2 Identification of Gestures ......................................................................................... 36 3.5.3 Intentional Gestures Analyses .................................................................................. 37 3.5.4 Referential Gestures Analyses .................................................................................. 37 3.5.5 Influence on Repertoire Size ..................................................................................... 37 3.5.6 Reliability .................................................................................................................. 38 3.6 RESULTS........................................................................................................................... 38 3.7 DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................... 52 4. SOCIAL TOOL USE IN DOMESTIC DOGS? .............................................................................. 62 4.1 Animal Tool Using Behaviour .......................................................................................... 62 4.1.1 Classical Tool Use ..................................................................................................... 62 4.1.2 Social Tool Use .......................................................................................................... 63 4.2 The Present Study ........................................................................................................... 65 4.2.1 Social Tool Use: A Brief Review of Current Definitions ............................................. 65 4.2.2 Domestic Dogs: A Good Model for Investigating Social Tool Use ............................ 67 4.2.3 Justifications and Aims ............................................................................................. 68 4.3 STUDY DESIGN ................................................................................................................ 69 4.3.1 Specific Procedure and Design ................................................................................. 69 4.3.2 Analyses .................................................................................................................... 70 4.4 RESULTS........................................................................................................................... 71 4.5 DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................... 78 5. DO DOGS UNDERSTAND HUMAN RECEIVE-REQUEST PHRASES?......................................... 87 5.1 Cross-Species Vocal Communication in Mammals ...................................................... 87 5.1.2 Good Boy! Do Dogs Understand What We are Saying? ........................................... 88 5.3 The Present Study ....................................................................................................... 90 5.3.1 Justification and Aims............................................................................................... 91 5.4 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN .................................................................................................. 91 5.5 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................... 94 ii 5.6 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................. 99 6. ARE DOMESTIC DOGS CAPABLE OF CAUSAL REASONING AND CAN EAR TEMPERATURE BE USED AS A PROXY FOR EMOTIONAL HEMISPHERIC ACTIVITY DURING BEHAVIOURAL TRIALS? ................................................................................................................................ 105 6.1 ARE DOMESTIC DOGS CAPABLE OF CAUSAL REASONING? .......................................... 105 6.1.2 A Brief Review ......................................................................................................... 105 6.1.3 Domestic Dogs and Causal Reasoning ................................................................... 107 6.2 WHAT ARE THEY THINKING? EAR TEMPERATURE AS AN INDICATOR OF HEMISPHERIC EMOTIONAL BRAIN ACTIVITY IN DOMESTIC DOGS ............................................................ 108 6.2.1 Ear Temperature and Brain Activity ....................................................................... 108 6.3 Justifications and Aims .................................................................................................. 112 6.4 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ............................................................................................ 113 6.5 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Computer Mediated Remote Interaction Between Humans and Dogs
    Rover@Home: Computer Mediated Remote Interaction Between Humans and Dogs Benjamin Ishak Resner B.A. Physics, Cornell University, 1990 Submitted to the Program in Media Arts and Sciences, School of Architecture and Planning in Partial Fulfillment for the degree of Master of Science in Media Arts and Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology September 2001 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001 Author Benjamin Ishak Resner Program in Media Arts and Sciences August 10, 2001 Ceitified by Dr. Bruce Blumberg Associate Professor of Media Arts & Sciences Accegd by Dr. Andrew Lippman Chair, Department Committee on Graduate Studies Program in Media Arts and Sciences MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OCT 12 2001 1 LIBRARIES Rover@Home: Computer Mediated Remote Interaction Between Humans and Dogs Benjamin Ishak Resner Submitted to the Program in Media Arts and Sciences, School of Architecture and Planning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abstract In this thesis we create a method to allow dogs and humans to interact over the Internet. In particular, we generalize an established dog training technique known as "clicker-training" such that the remote and co-located interactions are reported by dog owners to be similar. In the process of creating this computer-mediated interaction, we learn what it means to design an interface for a creature with very different sensory modalities than humans. Dogs are not "furry humans" but entirely different creatures with very different perceptual, motor, and cognitive systems than humans. This work is significant because by systematically applying HCI design principles to non-humans, we include animals in the HCI community.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Changes in Canine Social Competence
    Review What does it take to become ‘best friends’? Evolutionary changes in canine social competence ´ 1,2 3 Ada´ m Miklo´ si and Jo´ zsef Topa´ l 1 Department of Ethology, Eo¨ tvo¨ s University, Budapest, Hungary 2 MTA-ELTE Comparative Ethology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary 3 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary The traditional and relatively narrow-focused research offers an exciting possibility for comparative social cogni- on ape–human comparisons has recently been signifi- tion, there are heated debates in the literature and there is cantly extended by investigations of different clades of no scientific consensus on the validity of this approach. animals, including the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). Thus, in the light of diverging views on canine social Here, we provide a short overview of how the compar- cognition, it may be useful to develop functional theories ative investigation of canine social behaviour advances for systematising relevant research. our understanding of the evolution of social skills and We review the available evidence and focus on those key argue that a system-level approach to dog social cog- social traits in dogs that are characteristic features of the nition provides a broader view on the ‘human-likeness’ functionally human-like nature of dogs’ social competence. of canine social competence. We introduce the concept We will also provide a concise overview of the different of evolutionary social competence as a collateral notion theories that aim to explain the evolution of the canine of developmental social competence. We argue that mind and the role that domestication plays in the acquisi- such an extended perspective on social competence tion of socio-cognitive skills.
    [Show full text]
  • Communication in Dogs
    animals Review Communication in Dogs Marcello Siniscalchi * ID , Serenella d’Ingeo, Michele Minunno and Angelo Quaranta Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Behavioral Sciences and Animal Bioethics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; [email protected] (S.d.); [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (A.Q.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-080-544-3948 Received: 30 June 2018; Accepted: 28 July 2018; Published: 31 July 2018 Simple Summary: Communication takes place between members of the same species, as well as between heterospecific individuals, such as the long co-habitation process and inter-dependent relationship present in domestic dogs and humans. Dogs engage in visual communication by modifying different parts of their body; in tactile communication; and also in auditory and olfactory communication, with vocalizations and body odours, respectively. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the recent literature about dog communication, describing the different nature of the signals used in conspecific and heterospecific interactions and their communicative meaning. Lateralized dog brain patterns underlying basic neural mechanisms are also discussed, for both conspecific and heterospecific social communication. Abstract: Dogs have a vast and flexible repertoire of visual, acoustic, and olfactory signals that allow an expressive and fine tuned conspecific and dog–human communication. Dogs use this behavioural repertoire when communicating with humans, employing the same signals used during conspecific interactions, some of which can acquire and carry a different meaning when directed toward humans. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the latest progress made in the study of dog communication, describing the different nature of the signals used in conspecific (dog–dog) and heterospecific (dog–human) interactions and their communicative meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • The Intelligence of Dogs a Guide to the Thoughts, Emotions, and Inner Lives of Our Canine
    Praise for The Intelligence of Dogs "For those who take the dog days literally, the best in pooch lit is Stanley Coren’s The Intelligence of Dogs. Psychologist, dog trainer, and all-around canine booster, Coren trots out everyone from Aristotle to Darwin to substantiate the smarts of canines, then lists some 40 commands most dogs can learn, along with tests to determine if your hairball is Harvard material.” —U.S. News & World Report "Fascinating . What makes The Intelligence of Dogs such a great book, however, isn’t just the abstract discussions of canine intelli­ gence. Throughout, Coren relates his findings to the concrete, dis­ cussing the strengths and weaknesses of various breeds and including specific advice on evaluating different breeds for vari­ ous purposes. It's the kind of book would-be dog owners should be required to read before even contemplating buying a dog.” —The Washington Post Book World “Excellent book . Many of us want to think our dog’s persona is characterized by an austere veneer, a streak of intelligence, and a fearless-go-for-broke posture. No matter wrhat your breed, The In­ telligence of Dogs . will tweak your fierce, partisan spirit . Coren doesn’t stop at intelligence and obedience rankings, he also explores breeds best suited as watchdogs and guard dogs . [and] does a masterful job of exploring his subject's origins, vari­ ous forms of intelligence gleaned from genetics and owner/trainer conditioning, and painting an inner portrait of the species.” —The Seattle Times "This book offers more than its w7ell-publicized ranking of pure­ bred dogs by obedience and working intelligence.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Sciences
    A Comprehensive Book on Environmentalism Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction to Environmentalism Chapter 2 - Environmental Movement Chapter 3 - Conservation Movement Chapter 4 - Green Politics Chapter 5 - Environmental Movement in the United States Chapter 6 - Environmental Movement in New Zealand & Australia Chapter 7 - Free-Market Environmentalism Chapter 8 - Evangelical Environmentalism Chapter 9 -WT Timeline of History of Environmentalism _____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES _____________________ A Comprehensive Book on Enzymes Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction to Enzyme Chapter 2 - Cofactors Chapter 3 - Enzyme Kinetics Chapter 4 - Enzyme Inhibitor Chapter 5 - Enzymes Assay and Substrate WT _____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES _____________________ A Comprehensive Introduction to Bioenergy Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Bioenergy Chapter 2 - Biomass Chapter 3 - Bioconversion of Biomass to Mixed Alcohol Fuels Chapter 4 - Thermal Depolymerization Chapter 5 - Wood Fuel Chapter 6 - Biomass Heating System Chapter 7 - Vegetable Oil Fuel Chapter 8 - Methanol Fuel Chapter 9 - Cellulosic Ethanol Chapter 10 - Butanol Fuel Chapter 11 - Algae Fuel Chapter 12 - Waste-to-energy and Renewable Fuels Chapter 13 WT- Food vs. Fuel _____________________ WORLD TECHNOLOGIES _____________________ A Comprehensive Introduction to Botany Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Botany Chapter 2 - History of Botany Chapter 3 - Paleobotany Chapter 4 - Flora Chapter 5 - Adventitiousness and Ampelography Chapter 6 - Chimera (Plant) and Evergreen Chapter
    [Show full text]
  • An Investigation of the Look Away Behavior in Domestic Dogs Sarah Scott
    Undergraduate Review Volume 9 Article 29 2013 An Investigation of the Look Away Behavior in Domestic Dogs Sarah Scott Follow this and additional works at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/undergrad_rev Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Scott, Sarah (2013). An Investigation of the Look Away Behavior in Domestic Dogs. Undergraduate Review, 9, 145-150. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/undergrad_rev/vol9/iss1/29 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Copyright © 2013 Sarah Scott An Investigation of the Look Away Behavior in Domestic Dogs SARAH SCOTT Sarah Scott returned he unique phylogenetic and ontogenetic history of domestic dogs has had an effect on the way they communicate with one another. to Bridgewater State Research suggests that domestic dogs’ ability to communicate through University to study visual signals may vary by breed (Goodwin, Bradshaw, & Wickens psychology after T1997; Kerswell, Bennet, Butler, & Hemsworth 2009). In the current study, we completing a Bachelor investigate the effect of a visual communication signal, the look away, observed in both domestic dogs and their ancestor, the wolf, in order to examine whether of Science in Business Management or not domesticated dogs respond to this visual signal. Research indicates that from Bridgewater in 2008. She spent domestic dogs respond appropriately to artificial dog models (Leaver & Reimchen, the summer of 2012 conducting 2008). Therefore, we allowed live domestic dogs to approach an artificial model dog as it “looked away,” turning its head approximately 45% to the left, from a research study that investigated the approaching live dog participant.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Dog Behavior
    Chapter 1 Introduction to dog behavior Julie Hecht1 and Alexandra Horowitz2 1 Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Horowitz Dog Cognition Lab, Barnard College, New York, USA 2 Department of Psychology, Barnard College, New York, USA those who reacted without fear or aggression to human Domestic dog evolution and behavior approach. Over 40 generations, he had created foxes Dog evolutionary history which looked and acted in many ways like familiar What is a dog? The answer can come in the form of a domestic dogs (Belyaev 1979; Trut 1999). description of the dog’s characteristic behavior, physical For millennia, dogs were bred for use for tasks (e.g. description, or evolutionary history. We will begin with guarding and hunting) or as companions. Quite recently, the latter. The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, is a member in the 19th century, artificial selection began to be of the Canidae family, genus Canis, along with such driven by an interest in creating pure breed lines, for territorial social carnivores as the gray wolf (Canis lupus), show and competition in dog “fancies,” dog shows. the coyote (Canis latrans), and the jackal (e.g., Canis Thus, the diverse array of breeds seen today is a result of aureus and Canis mesomelas). The dog is the only domesti- specific breeding over the last century and a half for cated species of the genus: that is to say, the only canid physical traits and temperament which suited the newly for whom artificial selection (selective breeding) by formed breed “standards” (Garber 1996). While some humans has usurped natural selection as a prime mover current dog breeds resemble ancient representations of of the species.
    [Show full text]
  • FIDO—Facilitating Interactions for Dogs with Occupations: Wearable Communication Interfaces for Working Dogs
    Pers Ubiquit Comput DOI 10.1007/s00779-014-0817-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE FIDO—Facilitating interactions for dogs with occupations: wearable communication interfaces for working dogs Melody M. Jackson • Giancarlo Valentin • Larry Freil • Lily Burkeen • Clint Zeagler • Scott Gilliland • Barbara Currier • Thad Starner Received: 10 February 2014 / Accepted: 22 April 2014 Ó Springer-Verlag London 2014 Abstract Working dogs have improved the lives of dog, Roman, senses her oncoming seizure and begins thousands of people throughout history. However, com- nudging her back toward a wall. As Ashley sinks to the munication between human and canine partners is currently floor, Roman bites a small cylinder hanging from his ser- limited. The main goal of the FIDO project is to research vice dog vest, activating Ashley’s cell phone to call 911 fundamental aspects of wearable technologies to support and text her husband with their location. As Ashley loses communication between working dogs and their handlers. consciousness, Roman licks her face, waiting for help that In this study, the FIDO team investigated on-body inter- is already on the way. faces for dogs in the form of wearable technology inte- Charles is engrossed in a movie in his dark home theater grated into assistance dog vests. We created five different when his hearing service dog, Schubert, alerts. ‘‘What is it, sensors that dogs could activate based on natural dog Schubert, the doorbell?’’ Charles signs, and Schubert tou- behaviors such as biting, tugging, and nose touches. We ches one of the four buttons on his vest with his nose. A then tested the sensors on-body with eight dogs previously message appears on Charles’ head-mounted display.
    [Show full text]
  • Program Goals Knowing Dogs 101: Dog Language
    Knowing Dogs 101: Staff Training for Pet Care Centers Dog Language Robin Bennett, CPDT-KA Susan Briggs, CKO This staff workbook belongs to: ii Knowing Dogs 101 Staff Workbook Knowing Dogs 101: Dog Language Staff Workbook By Robin Bennett, CPDT-KA, and Susan Briggs, CKO Published by: The Dog Gurus 1312 Harvard St. Houston, TX 77008 www.TheDogGurus.com All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the author, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Copyright © 2017, Robin Bennett and Susan Briggs Bennett, Robin and Briggs, Susan Knowing Dogs 101: Dog Language Robin Bennett, CPDT-KA Susan Briggs, CKO P.cm. Cover by Amanda Nelson at Nvoke Design All other photos courtesy of the authors Limits of Liability and Disclaimer: This book has been published with the intent to provide accurate information in regard to the subject matter within. While every precaution has been taken in preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information herein. Furthermore, the authors and publisher shall not be liable in the event of incidental or consequential damages or loss in connection with, or arising out of the furnishing, performance, or use of the instructions or suggestions contained in this book. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 iii Program Goals Knowing Dogs 101: Dog Language Welcome to the Knowing Dogs 101: Dog Language, developed and produced by Robin Bennett and Susan Briggs.
    [Show full text]
  • Dog Breed Differences in Visual Communication with Humans
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Dog Breed Differences in Visual Communication with Humans Akitsugu Konno1,2,3*, Teresa Romero1,2, Miho Inoue-Murayama3, Atsuko Saito2, Toshikazu Hasegawa2 1 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi 5-3-1, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, 2 Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan, 3 Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Tanaka Sekiden cho 2±24, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan * [email protected] a11111 Abstract Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) have developed a close relationship with humans through the process of domestication. In human-dog interactions, eye contact is a key element of relationship initiation and maintenance. Previous studies have suggested that canine ability OPEN ACCESS to produce human-directed communicative signals is influenced by domestication history, from wolves to dogs, as well as by recent breed selection for particular working purposes. Citation: Konno A, Romero T, Inoue-Murayama M, Saito A, Hasegawa T (2016) Dog Breed Differences To test the genetic basis for such abilities in purebred dogs, we examined gazing behavior in Visual Communication with Humans. PLoS ONE towards humans using two types of behavioral experiments: the `visual contact task' and 11(10): e0164760. doi:10.1371/journal. the `unsolvable task'. A total of 125 dogs participated in the study. Based on the genetic pone.0164760 relatedness among breeds subjects were classified into five breed groups: Ancient, Herd- Editor: Juliane Kaminski, University of Portsmouth, ing, Hunting, Retriever-Mastiff and Working). We found that it took longer time for Ancient UNITED KINGDOM breeds to make an eye-contact with humans, and that they gazed at humans for shorter Received: October 28, 2013 periods of time than any other breed group in the unsolvable situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Dogs in Animal-Assisted Therapy and Education: a Handbook for Professionals and Dog Handlers
    Dogs in animal-assisted therapy and education: A Handbook for professionals and dog handlers Discover our offers and more at www.DAIC.EU Dogs in animal-assisted therapy and education: A Handbook for professionals and dog handlers Dogs in animal-assisted therapy and education: A Handbook for professionals and dog handlers Warsaw 2019 This publication is developed as part of the Project ‘Preparation and Training of Human-Dog Teams in Dogs Assisted Education and Therapy’, co-funded by Erasmus Plus Program of the European Union. Project Number - 2017-1-PL01-KA202-038652 The publication reflects only the position of its authors. The European Commission and the National Agency of the Erasmus + Program are not responsible for its substantive content. Pubilished by Stowarzyszenie Zwierzęta Ludziom ul. Diamentowa 1 m 7, 05-077 Warszawa - Wesoła www.zwierzetaludziom.pl Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 Project consortium: Stowarzyszenie Zwierzęta Ludziom (SZL) Norwegian Centre of Antrozoology (NCofA) Open University of the Netherlands (OUNL) Authors: Magdalena Nawarecka-Piątek (SZL) Anna Smorczewska-Kiljan (SZL) Christine Olsen (NCofA) Line Sandstedt (NCofA) Marie-Jose Enders (OUNL) Tynke de Winkel (OUNL) In cooperation with: Jo-Ann Fowler ISBN 978-83-955882-0-4 Warsaw 2019 www.humandogteam.eu www.moodle.humandogteam.eu www.facebook.com/HumanDogTeams Spis treści 9 From the authors 11 CHAPTER 1. Introduction to animal-assisted interventions 20 CHAPTER 2. Dogs in animal-assisted interventions 21 AAI with dogs in institutions 22 Dogs in hospitals 26 Dogs in care homes/institutions 28 Dogs in schools - animal-assisted education 36 CHAPTER 3. Welfare and health of dogs in animal-assisted interventions 41 CHAPTER 4.
    [Show full text]
  • How Has the Domestication of Dogs Impacted Native North American Culture and Way of Life? Mikaela E
    University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Senior Honors Projects Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island 2015 How has the domestication of dogs impacted native North American culture and way of life? Mikaela E. Reisman University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons, and the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Reisman, Mikaela E., "How has the domestication of dogs impacted native North American culture and way of life?" (2015). Senior Honors Projects. Paper 435. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/435http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/435 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reisman 1 Mikaela Reisman Prof. K. Bovy HPR 401 Fall/Spring 2014-15 How Has the Domestication of Dogs Impacted Native North American Culture and Way of Life? Introduction Dogs have long been an integral part of the lives of people all around the world. The ancient breeds like the ones from Egypt, and the mongrel mixes that were useful for hunting and companionship remained basically the same in appearance until the Victorian era. This was when many men and women became dog breeders, a Fig. 1 shows a hobby which brought the advent of toy and other common type of picture on most breeds (aside from companionship and show), along people’s phones or in their with the clarification of what stipulated emerging wallets; my dog at eight months.
    [Show full text]