DOCSLIB.ORG

Sue's Pdf Quark Setting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sue's Pdf Quark Setting Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83488-9 - Insect Ecology: Behavior, Populations and Communities Peter W. Price, Robert F. Denno, Micky D. Eubanks, Deborah L. Finke and Ian Kaplan Index More information AUTHOR INDEX Aanen, D.K., 227 Amman, G.D., 600 Bach, C.E., 152 Abrahamson, W.G., 16, 161, 162, Andersen, A.N., 580 Bacher, 275 165 Andersen, N.M., 401 Bacher, S., 275 Abrams, 274 Anderson, J.M., 114 Bachman, S., 567 Abrams, P.A., 195, 273, 276 Anderson, R.M., 336, 337, 338 Ba¨ckhed, F., 225 Acorn, J., 250 Anderson, R.S., 415 Badenes-Perez, F.R., 400 Adams, D.C., 203 Andersson, M., 82, 83, 87 Baerends, G.P., 29 Adams, E.S., 435 Andow, D.A., 127, 128, 179, 276, 513, Bailey, J.K., 426, 474, 475, 603 Adamson, R.S., 573 528 Bailey, V.A., 279, 356 Addicott, J.F., 242, 507 Andres, M.R., 116, 117, 118 Baker, R.R., 54 Addy, N.D., 574, 601, 602 Andrew, N.R., 566 Baker, I., 247 Adjei-Maafo, I.K., 530 Andrewartha, H.G., 27, 260, 261, 279, Baker, T.C., 53 Adler, L.S., 155 356, 404 Baker, W.L., 166 Adler, P.H., 8 Andrews, J.H., 310 Baldwin, I.T., 121, 122, 125, 126, 127, Agarwal, V.M., 506 Aneshansley, D.J., 48 129, 143, 144, 166, 174, 179, 187, Agnew, P., 369 Anonymous, 18 197, 201, 204, 208, 221, 492, 498 Agrawal, A.A., 99, 108, 114, 118, 121, Anstett, M.-C., 236, 243, 244 Ballabeni, P., 162 122, 125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 133, Antonovics, J., 471 Baltensweiler, 414 136, 139, 156, 161, 197, 204, 205, Aoki, S., 80 Baltensweiler, W., 407, 410, 424 208, 216, 219, 299, 444, 471, 492, Appel, H.M., 124, 128 Bangert, 465, 472 493, 502, 507, 509, 512, 513 Arditi, R., 274 Bangert, R.K., 137, 464, 472, 475, 547 Agrawal, M., 142 Armbruster, P., 383 Banks, J.E., 21 Ahman, I., 161 Armbruster, W.S., 228 Barbosa, P., 245, 297, 491, 493, 494, Ahn, T.I., 235 Arndt, W., 307 507, 528, 571 Aide, T.M., 330, 542 Arnett, R.H., 412 Barbour, J.D., 136 Aizen, M.A., 263 Arnold, A.E., 233, 265 Barbour, M.T., 104 Aksoy, S., 255 Arthington, A.H., 558, 562 Barbour, R.C., 603 Albarracin, M.T., 429 Askew, R.R., 307, 330, 376 Barnett, T.P., 591 Alborn, T., 498 A˚ sman, K., 400 Barone, J.A., 330 Alcock, J., 28, 29, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53, Aspinall, D., 138 Barrett, S.C.H., 229 55, 56, 60, 62, 564 Atkinson, C.T., 335 Barrigossi, J.A.F., 369 Alexander, R.M., 6 Atsatt, P.R., 155, 167, 505 Barros-Bellanda, H.C.H., 114 Alexopoulos, C.J., 229 Auer, C., 338 Barton, A.M., 506 Allard, G.B., 100 Augspurger, C.K., 158 Bascompte, J., 260 Allee, W.C., 353 Avila, J.M., 566 Bass, M., 79 Allen, C.R., 483 Awmack, C.S., 105, 107, 108, 109, Basset, Y., 68, 102 Allen-Wardell, G., 263 110, 113, 114, 133, 136, 137, Bateman, A.J., 50, 54 Alsoy, S., 227 141, 178 Batra, L.R., 244 Alstad, D.N., 169 Axen, 243 Batra, S.W.T., 244 Al-Tamini, S., 323 Axe´n, A.H., 232, 245 Battisti, A., 594 Altieri, M.A., 152, 180 Ayala, F.J., 196 Battisti, D.S., 612 Alvarado, A., 88 Ayala, R., 561 Baudouin-Cornu, P., 115 Alyokhin, A., 212 Ayres, B.D., 201 Bauerfeind, S.S., 378, 394 Amarasekare, P., 213, 215 Ayres, M.P., 124, 144, 145, 596 Baum, K.A., 434 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83488-9 - Insect Ecology: Behavior, Populations and Communities Peter W. Price, Robert F. Denno, Micky D. Eubanks, Deborah L. Finke and Ian Kaplan Index More information Author index 765 Baumann, P., 114, 175, 325 Berte´, B., 108 Bouma, J.E., 235 Baur, R., 118 Bestelmeyer, B.T., 483 Bourtzis, K., 114, 184 Bayhan, E., 369 Betancourt, J.L., 414, 416 Bowers, M.D., 129, 130, 165, 516 Baylis, N., 167 Bezemer, T.M., 141, 204, 598 Boyd, C., 173 Bazely, D., 116, 117 Bianchi, F.J., 264 Boyd, R.S., 159 Bazely, D.R., 18 Billen, J., 77 Boyer, A.G., 429 Bazzaz, F.A., 571 Birch, L.C., 27, 196, 260, 261, 279, 356, Boyer, E.W., 137, 178 Beattie, A.J., 228, 229, 233, 240, 507, 404, 514 Bradley, R.A., 506 508 Birch, M.C., 200 Bradshaw, C.J.A., 429 Beaver, R.A., 115, 230 Bishop, J.G., 157, 458 Braks, M.A.H., 210 Becerra, J.X., 125, 126, 130, 169, 170, Bissett, J., 230 Brandl, R., 264, 610 173, 176, 177, 324, 507 Bize, P., 330, 369 Brattsten, L.B., 128 Beckerman, A.P., 156, 516 Bjo¨rkman, C., 161 Brauman, A., 115 Beddington, J.R., 282 Blackwell, M., 227 Brehm, G., 566 Beggs, J., 526 Blais, J.R., 414 Brennan, E.B., 133 Begon, M., 185, 195, 552 Bloomquist, J.R., 122 Breshears, D.D., 418, 594 Behmer, S.T., 109, 110 Blum, M.S., 46, 129, 163 Brett, M.T., 519 Bell, S.S., 465, 475 Blu¨thgen, N., 501 Breznak, J.A., 115 Bellotti, A.C., 343 Boecklen, W.J., 137, 578, 579 Briese, D.T., 88 Bellow, T.S., 297 Boege, K., 121, 429 Briggs, C.J., 338 Belovsky, G.E., 59 Boethel, D.J., 527 Bright, K.L., 110 Belt, T., 239 Boeve´, J.-L., 393 Broadhead, E., 449, 451 Benbrook, C.M., 178, 179 Boggs, C.L., 62 Broadway, R.M., 128 Bengtsson, J., 297 Bogra´n, C.E., 213, 215, 221 Brockhurst, M.A., 230 Benmayor, R., 198 Bohlmann, J., 125, 126, 130, 132, 145 Brodbeck, B., 138 Bennett, N.C., 86 Boivin, G., 376 Brodeur, J., 335 Benrey, B., 75, 109, 166, 493, 496, 497 Boivin, T., 400 Brodie, E.D.I., 296 Benson, R.B., 557 Bolnick, D.I., 293 Brody, A.K., 89, 90 Benson, W.W., 118, 257, 512 Bolton, B., 88 Bronstein, J.L., 224, 229, 232, 236, 237, Bentley, B.L., 227, 506, 507 Bonas, U., 306 242, 245, 247, 258, 507 Benton, T.G., 81 Bones, A.M., 126 Brook, B.W., 429 Bequaert, J., 229 Bonifay, C., 507 Brooks, D.R., 330 Berdegue, M., 162, 163, 170 Bonner, J.T., 310, 402 Brooks, G.L., 141 Berenbaum, M.R., 45, 121, 124, 125, Bonsall, M.B., 187, 190, 197 Brower, L.P., 32, 129, 169, 295, 493 126, 128, 135, 136, 143, 144, 169, Boomsma, J.J., 227 Brown, J.H., 431, 541, 544, 552, 555, 177, 263 Borden, J.H., 201, 202 563 Bergelson, J., 125, 136, 143, 144, Bordereau, C., 80 Brown, K.S., 483 173, 174 Borgia, G., 61 Brown, M.W., 139 Berger, D., 396 Borkent, A., 230 Brown, V.K., 208, 436 Bergeson, E., 218 Borojevic, S., 136 Brown, W.L., 202, 239 Bergland, A.O., 383 Borror, D.J., 316 Browne, D.J., 545 Bergman, J.M., 527 Bos, T., 136 Bruce, T.J.A., 130 Bergstro¨m, A., 396 Bossart, J.L., 9 Brues, C.T., 121 Bergvinson, D.J., 202 Bostock, R.M., 125, 126, 127, 144 Bruno, J.F., 184, 185, 189, 190, 216, 218 Berlocher, S.H., 16, 17, 160, 165, Both, C., 592, 593 Bryant, J.P., 142, 146 168, 173 Bottrell, D.G., 120, 527 Buchmann, S.L., 263 Bernays, E.A., 102, 108, 109, 110, 115, Boucher, D.H., 255, 256, 261, 264 Buchner, P., 230, 244 120, 121, 130, 145, 162, 324, 510 Boucias, D.G., 330 Buckley, R.C., 88, 239 Berryman, A.A., 352, 353, 355, 357, Bouget, C., 574 Bugg, R.L., 528 412, 419, 425, 426, 435 Boughey, A.S., 564 Bultman, T.L., 199, 229, 233 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83488-9 - Insect Ecology: Behavior, Populations and Communities Peter W. Price, Robert F. Denno, Micky D. Eubanks, Deborah L. Finke and Ian Kaplan Index More information 766 Author index Burchard, P., 122 Cavalier-Smith, T., 225 Coley, P.D., 116, 142, 144, 147, 148, Bush, A.O., 10, 18, 307, 315, 330 Cerda, H., 127, 128, 179 330, 521, 542 Bush, G.L., 165, 306, 324 Chadwick, D., 122 Colfer, R.G., 288 Busvine, J.R., 18 Chamberlain, S.A., 506, 508 Coll, M., 114, 490, 501 Butler, C. G., 76 Chaneton, E.J., 187, 190 Collinge, S.K., 340 Butler, G.D., 117 Chapin, F.S., 148 Collins, N.C., 290, 329 Butlin, R.K., 162 Chapman, B.R., 331 Collins, N.L., 219 Buzas, M.A., 357, 483, 539 Chapman, J.W., 33 Collins, N.M., 550, 551 Chapman, R.F., 6, 30, 102, 115, 130, Colwell, R.K., 447, 540, 567 Caillaud, M.C., 160, 165 145, 227, 233, 324 Combes, C., 305, 319, 320 Cairns, J., 485 Chapman, R.N., 354 Condit, R., 158 Calder, C.A., 310 Chapman, T.W., 80 Connell, J.H., 157, 203, 574 Caligari, P., 136 Charnov, E.L., 63, 64, 110, 319 Connor, E.F., 116, 117, 118, 132, 152, Callaghan, T.V., 603 Chase, J.M., 341, 449 476, 544, 547, 549 Calow, P., 351, 355, 356, 537 Chen, C.C., 115 Constabel, C.P., 125, 126, 187 Caltagirone, L.E., 270 Chen, F., 141 Conway, G., 178 Camargo, J.M.F., 561 Chen, J.S.C., 93 Cook, A., 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 117, Cambefort, Y., 211 Cherrett, J.M., 79, 88, 115 161 Cameron, R.A.D., 409 Chesson, P., 196, 282 Coombes, C., 330 Cammell, M., 113 Chevin, H., 458 Coope, G.R., 587 Campbell, B., 61 Chew, F.S., 126, 161 Copp, N.H., 161 Campbell, B.C., 115, 527 Chilcutt, C.F., 215, 216 Corbett, S.A., 288, 524 Cane, J.H., 263 Choong, M.F., 116 Corcoran, A.J., 296 Cappuccino, N., 429 Chown, S.L., 8, 30, 250, 252, 253, Corley, J.C., 272 Caradus, J.R., 136 563 Cornell, H.V., 361, 362, 363, 368, 370, Carde´, R.T., 53, 67 Christensen, B., 110 545, 577 Cardelu´s, C.L., 542, 567 Christensen, K.M., 418, 419 Cortesaro, A.M., 527 Carey, 367, 399 Christou, P., 127, 128, 136, 179 Corvarrubias, R., 545 Carey, J.R., 358, 361, 367, 398 Clancy, K.M., 138, 139, 495, 496 Cory, J.S., 412 Carlson, J.C., 341 Claridge, M.F., 51, 55, 546, 566, 577 Costa, J.T., 73, 74, 75 Carlton, C.E., 9 Clark, D.A., 158 Costa, S.D., 141 Carolin, V.M., 139 Clark, D.B., 158 Cothran, M.L., 574 Caroll, C.R., 179 Clark, M.A., 175, 176, 177, 255, 325 Cothran, W.R., 211 Carpenter, J.M., 80 Clark, T.L., 513 Courtney, S.P., 164 Carr, D.E., 136 Clarke, G.L., 542, 550 Covarrubias, R., 545 Carreck, N.L., 91 Clausen, C.P., 17, 63 Covell, C.V., 105 Carrie`re, Y., 344, 345, 436 Clausen, T.P., 126 Cowles, H.C., 567 Carroll, M.J., 144 Clay, K., 233, 235 Cox-Foster, D.L., 92 Carroll, S.P., 173 Clay, T., 307 Craig, T.P., 39, 40, 63, 139, 165, 368, Carson, R., 263 Clayton, 323 419, 422, 424, 432 Carson,W.P., 156, 157 Clements, F.E., 444, 458 Cranston, P.S., 8, 100, 102, 104, 105, Carter, W., 18 Cleveland, L.R., 83 114, 249, 330 Casas, J., 512 Cloutier, C., 423 Crawley, M.J., 156, 503 Cassola, F., 550 Cobb, N.S., 138, 169, 417, 419 Crespi, B.J., 73, 80, 163 Casson, D.S., 566 Coddington, J.A., 540 Cronin, A.L., 75 Castells, E., 144 Codella, S.G., 75 Cronin, J.T., 434, 463 Casula, P., 287 Cody, M.L., 386 Cross, W.F., 105, 107 Catchpole, E.A., 506 Cole, B.J., 377, 459, 460, 461, 464, Croteau, R.B., 125 Cates, R.G., 122, 124, 142, 143, 145, 475 Crowl, T.A., 608 148, 571, 572 Cole, L.C., 387, 389, 390 Crutsinger, G.M., 472 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83488-9 - Insect Ecology: Behavior, Populations and Communities Peter W.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Role of Ants and Mammalian Herbivores on the Structure and Composition of Insect Communities Found on Canopies of Acacia Drepanolobium
    African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(38), pp. 5317-5331, 2 October, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR DOI: 10.5897/AJAR12.059 ISSN 1991-637X ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper The role of ants and mammalian herbivores on the structure and composition of insect communities found on canopies of Acacia drepanolobium S. K. Kuria 1* and M. H. Villet 2 1Department of Biological Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/B X1 Mthatha 5117, South Africa. 2Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa. Accepted 4 June, 2012 Acacia drepanolobium Sjøstedt (Fabaceae) constitutes about 99% of the woody vegetation in the cotton soil ecosystem of Laikipia, Kenya. The tree has symbiotic association with four ant species that discourage large mammalian herbivores from feeding on it. However, there is no information as to whether these ants affect the community of canopy insects. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of the four ant species and differential vertebrate grazing and browsing pressures on the insect community inhabiting canopies of A. drepanolobium trees. Insect samples were collected using standard fogging and beating methods and identified to family and morphospecies. At the morphospecies level, the insect communities separated into two distinct groups, one comprised of samples collected from trees occupied by Crematogaster mimosae and Crematogaster nigriceps , and the other of samples obtained from trees inhabited by C. sjostedti and Tetraponera penzigi . However, differential vertebrate grazing and browsing patterns did not show any significant effect on the insect community occupying canopies of A. drepanolobium . Key words: Community structure, coexistence, diversity, herbivory, Mpala, Kenya.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Insects (Adventive Pest Insects) in Florida1
    Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. ENY-827 Invasive Insects (Adventive Pest Insects) in Florida1 J. H. Frank and M. C. Thomas2 What is an Invasive Insect? include some of the more obscure native species, which still are unrecorded; they do not include some The term 'invasive species' is defined as of the adventive species that have not yet been 'non-native species which threaten ecosystems, detected and/or identified; and they do not specify the habitats, or species' by the European Environment origin (native or adventive) of many species. Agency (2004). It is widely used by the news media and it has become a bureaucratese expression. This is How to Recognize a Pest the definition we accept here, except that for several reasons we prefer the word adventive (meaning they A value judgment must be made: among all arrived) to non-native. So, 'invasive insects' in adventive species in a defined area (Florida, for Florida are by definition a subset (those that are example), which ones are pests? We can classify the pests) of the species that have arrived from abroad more prominent examples, but cannot easily decide (adventive species = non-native species = whether the vast bulk of them are 'invasive' (= pests) nonindigenous species). We need to know which or not, for lack of evidence. To classify them all into insect species are adventive and, of those, which are pests and non-pests we must draw a line somewhere pests. in a continuum ranging from important pests through those that are uncommon and feed on nothing of How to Know That a Species is consequence to humans, to those that are beneficial.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera of North America 5
    Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera by Valerio Albu, 1411 E. Sweetbriar Drive Fresno, CA 93720 and Eric Metzler, 1241 Kildale Square North Columbus, OH 43229 April 30, 2004 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Cover illustration: Blueberry Sphinx (Paonias astylus (Drury)], an eastern endemic. Photo by Valeriu Albu. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Abstract A list of 1531 species ofLepidoptera is presented, collected over 15 years (1988 to 2002), in eleven southern West Virginia counties. A variety of collecting methods was used, including netting, light attracting, light trapping and pheromone trapping. The specimens were identified by the currently available pictorial sources and determination keys. Many were also sent to specialists for confirmation or identification. The majority of the data was from Kanawha County, reflecting the area of more intensive sampling effort by the senior author. This imbalance of data between Kanawha County and other counties should even out with further sampling of the area. Key Words: Appalachian Mountains,
    [Show full text]
  • Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae: Leptoscelini)
    Brailovsky: A Revision of the Genus Amblyomia 475 A REVISION OF THE GENUS AMBLYOMIA STÅL (HETEROPTERA: COREIDAE: COREINAE: LEPTOSCELINI) HARRY BRAILOVSKY Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Departamento de Zoología, Apdo Postal 70153 México 04510 D.F. México ABSTRACT The genus Amblyomia Stål is revised and two new species, A. foreroi and A. prome- ceops from Colombia, are described. New host plant and distributional records of A. bifasciata Stål are given; habitus illustrations and drawings of male and female gen- italia are included as well as a key to the known species. The group feeds on bromeli- ads. Key Words: Insecta, Heteroptera, Coreidae, Leptoscelini, Amblyomia, Bromeliaceae RESUMEN El género Amblyomia Stål es revisado y dos nuevas especies, A. foreroi y A. prome- ceops, recolectadas en Colombia, son descritas. Plantas hospederas y nuevas local- idades para A. bifasciata Stål son incluidas; se ofrece una clave para la separación de las especies conocidas, las cuales son ilustradas incluyendo los genitales de ambos sexos. Las preferencias tróficas del grupo están orientadas hacia bromelias. Palabras clave: Insecta, Heteroptera, Coreidae, Leptoscelini, Amblyomia, Bromeli- aceae The neotropical genus Amblyomia Stål was previously known from a single Mexi- can species, A. bifasciata Stål 1870. In the present paper the genus is redefined to in- clude two new species collected in Colombia. This genus apparently is restricted to feeding on members of the Bromeliaceae, and specimens were collected on the heart of Ananas comosus and Aechmea bracteata.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera of Albany Hill, Alameda Co., California
    LEPIDOPTERA OF ALBANY HILL, ALAMEDA CO., CALIFORNIA Jerry A. Powell Essig Museum of Entomology University of California, Berkeley and Robert L. Langston Kensington, CA November 1999; edited 2009 The following list summarizes observations of Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) at Albany Hill, Alameda Co., California, during 1995-1999. Data originate from about 75 daytime and crepuscular visits of 0.5 to 3.5 hrs, in all months of the year. All of the butterfly species and some of the moths were recorded by RLL, most of the moth species and their larval host plants by JAP. A total of 145 species is recorded (30 butterflies, 115 moths), a modest number considering the extent and diversity of the flora. However, many of the potential larval host plants may be present in too small patches to support populations of larger moths or butterflies. Nonetheless, we were surprised that colonies of some of the species survive in a small area that has been surrounded by urban development for many decades, including some rare ones in the East Bay region, as annotated below. Moreover, the inventory is incomplete. A more comprehensive census would be accomplished by trapping moths attracted to ultraviolet lights. In a habitat of this size, however, such survey would attract an unknown proportion of species from surrounding areas. Larval collections are indicated by date-based JAP lot numbers (e.g. 95C37 = 1995, March, 37th collection). Larval foods of most of the other species are documented in other populations. Host plants are recorded at Albany Hill for 75 species (65% of the moths, 52% of the total); the rest were observed as adults only.
    [Show full text]
  • A Polyandrous Society in Transition: a CASE STUDY of JAUNSAR-BAWAR
    10/31/2014 A Polyandrous Society in transition: A CASE STUDY OF JAUNSAR-BAWAR SUBMITTED BY: Nargis Jahan IndraniTalukdar ShrutiChoudhary (Department of Sociology) (Delhi School of Economics) Abstract Man being a social animal cannot survive alone and has therefore been livingin groups or communities called families for ages. How these ‘families’ come about through the institution of marriage or any other way is rather an elaborate and an arduous notion. India along with its diverse people and societies offers innumerable ways by which people unite to come together as a family. Polyandry is one such way that has been prevalent in various regions of the sub-continent evidently among the Paharis of Himachal Pradesh, the Todas of Nilgiris, Nairs of Travancore and the Ezhavas of Malabar. While polyandrous unions have disappeared from the traditions of many of the groups and tribes, it is still practiced by some Jaunsaris—an ethnic group living in the lower Himalayan range—especially in the JaunsarBawar region of Uttarakhand.The concept of polyandry is so vast and mystifying that people who have just heard of the practice or the people who even did an in- depth study of it are confused in certain matters regarding it. This thesis aims at providing answers to many questions arising in the minds of people who have little or no knowledge of this subject. In this paper we have tried to find out why people follow this tradition and whether or not it has undergone transition. Also its various characteristics along with its socio-economic issues like the state and position of women in such a society and how the economic balance in a polyandrous family is maintained has been looked into.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Infections Across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Asaia
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2013, Article ID 936341, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/936341 Research Article Bacterial Infections across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma,andAsaia Stefanie Kautz,1 Benjamin E. R. Rubin,1,2 and Corrie S. Moreau1 1 Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA 2 Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Stefanie Kautz; [email protected] Received 21 February 2013; Accepted 30 May 2013 Academic Editor: David P. Hughes Copyright © 2013 Stefanie Kautz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Bacterial endosymbionts are common across insects, but we often lack a deeper knowledge of their prevalence across most organisms. Next-generation sequencing approaches can characterize bacterial diversity associated with a host and at the same time facilitate the fast and simultaneous screening of infectious bacteria. In this study, we used 16S rRNA tag encoded amplicon pyrosequencing to survey bacterial communities of 310 samples representing 221 individuals, 176 colonies and 95 species of ants. We found three distinct endosymbiont groups—Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales), Spiroplasma (Firmicutes: Entomoplasmatales),
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Chemical Defense Fluids of Macrotermes Carbonarius
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Evaluation of the chemical defense fuids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides S. Appalasamy1,2*, M. H. Alia Diyana2, N. Arumugam2 & J. G. Boon3 The use of chemical insecticides has had many adverse efects. This study reports a novel perspective on the application of insect-based compounds to repel and eradicate other insects in a controlled environment. In this work, defense fuid was shown to be a repellent and insecticide against termites and cockroaches and was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC– MS). Globitermes sulphureus extract at 20 mg/ml showed the highest repellency for seven days against Macrotermes gilvus and for thirty days against Periplaneta americana. In terms of toxicity, G. sulphureus extract had a low LC50 compared to M. carbonarius extract against M. gilvus. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the M. carbonarius extract indicated the presence of six insecticidal and two repellent compounds in the extract, whereas the G. sulphureus extract contained fve insecticidal and three repellent compounds. The most obvious fnding was that G. sulphureus defense fuid had higher potential as a natural repellent and termiticide than the M. carbonarius extract. Both defense fuids can play a role as alternatives in the search for new, sustainable, natural repellents and termiticides. Our results demonstrate the potential use of termite defense fuid for pest management, providing repellent and insecticidal activities comparable to those of other green repellent and termiticidal commercial products. A termite infestation could be silent, but termites are known as destructive urban pests that cause structural damage by infesting wooden and timber structures, leading to economic loss.
    [Show full text]
  • LOUISIANA SCIENTIST Vol. 1A No. 3
    LOUISIANA SCIENTIST THE NEWSLETTER of the LOUISIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Volume 1A, No. 3 (2007 Annual Meeting Abstracts) Published by THE LOUISIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 15 June 2012 Louisiana Academy of Sciences Abstracts of Presentations 2007 Annual Meeting Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge, Louisiana 16 March 2007 Table of Contents Division/Section Page Division of Agriculture, Forestry, and Wildlife . 5 Division of Biological Sciences . 11 Botany Section . 11 Environmental Sciences Section . 11 Microbiology Section . 17 Molecular and Biomedical Biology Section . 21 Zoology Section . 23 Division of Physical Sciences . 28 Chemistry Section . 28 Computer Science Section . 34 Earth Sciences Section . 41 Materials Science and Engineering Section . 43 Mathematics and Statistics Section . 46 Physics Section . 49 Division of Science Education . 52 Higher Education Section . 52 K-12 Education Section . 55 Division of Social Sciences . 57 Acknowledgement . 64 2 The following abstracts of oral and poster presentations represent those received by the Abstract Editor. Authors’ affiliations are abbreviated as follows: ACHRI Arkansas Children’s Hospital Research Institute ARS Agriculture Research Services, Little Rock, AR AVMA-PLIT American Veterinary Medical BGSU Bowling Green State University BNL Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY BRCC Baton Rouge Community College CC Centenary College CIT California Institute of Technology CL Corrigan Laboratory, Baton Rouge, LA CTF Cora Texas Manufacturing CU Clemson University DNIRI Delta
    [Show full text]
  • A Sacrificial Millipede Altruistically Protects Its Swarm Using a Drone
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A sacrificial millipede altruistically protects its swarm using a drone blood enzyme, mandelonitrile Received: 05 January 2016 Accepted: 29 April 2016 oxidase Published: 06 June 2016 Yuko Ishida1,2, Yasumasa Kuwahara1,2, Mohammad Dadashipour1,2, Atsutoshi Ina1,2, Takuya Yamaguchi1,2, Masashi Morita1,2, Yayoi Ichiki1,2 & Yasuhisa Asano1,2 Soldiers of some eusocial insects exhibit an altruistic self-destructive defense behavior in emergency situations when attacked by large enemies. The swarm-forming invasive millipede, Chamberlinius hualienensis, which is not classified as eusocial animal, exudes irritant chemicals such as benzoyl cyanide as a defensive secretion. Although it has been thought that this defensive chemical was converted from mandelonitrile, identification of the biocatalyst has remained unidentified for 40 years. Here, we identify the novel blood enzyme, mandelonitrile oxidase (ChuaMOX), which stoichiometrically catalyzes oxygen consumption and synthesis of benzoyl cyanide and hydrogen peroxide from mandelonitrile. Interestingly the enzymatic activity is suppressed at a blood pH of 7, and the enzyme is segregated by membranes of defensive sacs from mandelonitrile which has a pH of 4.6, the optimum pH for ChuaMOX activity. In addition, strong body muscle contractions are necessary for de novo synthesis of benzoyl cyanide. We propose that, to protect its swarm, the sacrificial millipede also applies a self- destructive defense strategy—the endogenous rupturing of the defensive sacs to mix ChuaMOX and mandelonitrile at an optimum pH. Further study of defensive systems in primitive arthropods will pave the way to elucidate the evolution of altruistic defenses in the animal kingdom. Swarm-forming animals have unique defense systems for protection.
    [Show full text]
  • Polygynandry, Extra-Group Paternity and Multiple-Paternity Litters In
    Molecular Ecology (2007) 16, 5294–5306 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03571.x Polygynandry,Blackwell Publishing Ltd extra-group paternity and multiple-paternity litters in European badger (Meles meles) social groups HANNAH L. DUGDALE,*† DAVID W. MACDONALD,* LISA C. POPE† and TERRY BURKE† *Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney OX13 5QL, UK, †Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK Abstract The costs and benefits of natal philopatry are central to the formation and maintenance of social groups. Badger groups, thought to form passively according to the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH), are maintained through natal philopatry and delayed dispersal; however, there is minimal evidence for the functional benefits of such grouping. We assigned parentage to 630 badger cubs from a high-density population in Wytham Woods, Oxford, born between 1988 and 2005. Our methodological approach was different to previous studies; we used 22 microsatellite loci to assign parent pairs, which in combination with sibship inference provided a high parentage assignment rate. We assigned both parents to 331 cubs at ≥ 95% confidence, revealing a polygynandrous mating system with up to five mothers and five fathers within a social group. We estimated that only 27% of adult males and 31% of adult females bred each year, suggesting a cost to group living for both sexes. Any strong motivation or selection to disperse, however, may be reduced because just under half of the paternities were gained by extra-group males, mainly from neighbouring groups, with males displaying a mixture of paternity strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Research in Biological Control of the Formosan Subterranean Termite Cai Wang Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected]
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2014 Research in Biological Control of the Formosan Subterranean Termite Cai Wang Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Wang, Cai, "Research in Biological Control of the Formosan Subterranean Termite" (2014). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 598. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/598 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. RESEARCH IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Entomology by Cai Wang M.S., Chinese Academy of Science, 2010 B.S., Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2007 August 2014 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my sincerest appreciation to my major professor, Dr. Gregg Henderson, a very important person in my life. I am very impressive for his meticulous attitude for scientific research. I benefited greatly from his valuable and illuminating suggestions for my research. It is also very touching for Dr. Henderson’s patience for my preliminary and sometimes “crazy” ideas. Also, he always could “see” what I ignored. For example, when I unintentionally talked about an observation that soldier and worker termites run in different directions after disturbance, he immediately pointed out the potential value to continue studying this and gave me valuable suggestions in the experiment.
    [Show full text]