Bol. R. Soco Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4), 2001,175-181. ISSN 0366-3272

New records of Iranian Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, with a guide to the males of Palaearctic Protocalliphora (Diptera, Calyptratae) Nuevas citas de Calliphoridae y Sarcophagidae iraníes, con una guía para los machos de Protocalliphora paleárticos

M. Parchami-Araghjl, Salvador V. Peris2 y Dolores González-Mora2 1. Departmem al' Envíronmental Biolagy, Uníversity (Ir Guelph, Guelph, Omarío, Canada N1G 2Wl. 2. Departamento de Biolrrgía Animal I (Zoología-Entomología). Facultad de Biología. Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid.

KEY WORDS: Calliphoridae, Protocalliphora, Sarcophagidae, , Systematics, Distribution, Palaearctic.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Calliphoridae, Protocalliphora, Sarcophagidae, Irán, Sistemática, Distribución, Paleártico.

ABSTRACT

This paper is an inventory of a small collection of fiies from Iran: Calliphoridae and two Sarcophagidae with a short comment on Chrysomya a/bíceps !'l/lifacíes name and a guide to Palaearctic Protoca/liphora is given based on the male genital structures,

RESUMEN

Este trabajo es el inventario de una pequeña colección de moscas de Irán: Calliphoridae y dos Sarcophagidae con un corto comentario sobre el nombre Chrysomya o/bíceps rufifacies y una guía para las Protocalliphora, paleárticas, basada en las estructuras genitales de machos.

1. INTRüDUCTIüN 2. LIST üF SPECIES

The present paper is an inventory of a Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae small collection of calliphorids made by the first author. The list includes also two species Rhyncomya townsendi James, 1977 of Rhyncomya from Azerbaijan named by the Kerman: Kahnuj, 14-III-1978, International Institute of Entomology; Lon­ SO far it was known only from Pakistan: don. This list is worth publishing, as many Karachi. Pasni. This new record extends its records are new to the area involved, which is distribution into the Palaearctic Region. little explored. The "synanthropic" bias may be useful for sanitary purposes. Rhyncomya nigripes Seguy, 1933 As a result of this work a guide to the =RhYllcomya minima Peris, 1951 Palaearctic males of Protocalliphora is pre­ Baluchestan: Ghasr-e Ghand, 450 m alt" 7-8-XI-199 1. sented. Rhyncomya cyanescens (Loew, 1844) East Azerbaijan: Kalibar, Vinagh, 800 m alt., 8-VIII­ 1992. Identified by International Institute of Entomology; London. This new record ex-

Bo/. R. Soco Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4),2001. 176 M. PARCHAMI-ARAGHI, S. V. PERIS y D. GONZÁLEZ-MORA tends its distribution to the NE of Middle tions: PERIS (1985, 1987), BAUMGARTNER & East. GREENBERG (1984), BAUMGARTNER (1988), aH these papers provide additionalliterature). Rhyncomya speciosa (Loew, 1844) It has been said that both "species" have are disjunct distributions and do not overlap East Azerbaijan: Kalibar, Vinagh, 800 m alt., 8-Vlll-1992. in the Americas (GREENBERG & POVOLNY, Identified by International Institute of 1971), but the evidence is a bit misleading, as Entomology; London. The same remarks as there are not generally accepted criteria for for the former species. its distinction, at least of sorne authors. GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS (1988: 119­ Cosmina claripennis 120), in a rather overlooked paper, have Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 shown that both "forms" coexist in the same Esfahan: Kashan, Niasar, Sericheh. 1650 m alt., 9-11-VI­ locality, and our experience after years of 1984. Markazi: Mahallat, 1500 m alt.. 3-IX-1991. collecting is that the species is common in The record confirms that of BECKER & Spain (where "albiceps" is predominant), to STEIN (1912). find here and there sorne specimens of "rufi­ facies" (see the cited paper for further details). Calliphoridae, Chrysomyinae Our personal opinion is more in agree­ ment with that expressed by ZUMPT (1956 a, Chrysomya albiceps albiceps b): both forms are different genetic expres­ (Wiedemann, 1819) sion of the same species, rufifacies predomi­ nates in Australia (absolutely?) and "albi­ Bushehr: Tangestan. Ahram vicinity, 100 m alt., 5-V­ ceps" predominates in the Orient (partially) 1995. Khuzestan: Bostan, , 20 m alt., 30-IV-1995: , Shalamcheh, Om alt., and also in the Palaearctica (partially). Per­ 3-V-1995. haps both "expressions" depend on ecologi­ cal reasons, but we do not know yet. Chrysomya albiceps rufifacies In a rather recent paper TANTAWI & (Macquart, 1845) GREENBERG (1993) deal again with this question and describe sorne characters of the Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh river. 20 m alt., 30-IV­ 1995; Shush, Karkheh Protected Area, 100 m alt.. third instar larva separating both forms, but 24-IV-1995. also mention "thus is evidently a variable characteristics and we urge caution when Since the paper of HOLDAWAY (1933) examining a few specimens for identifica­ much discussion have emerged on by the tions". So, however the interest of these question if C. rufifacies is a good species or observations, they only translate the diffe­ only a form of C. albiceps. Specially after rent forms into the 3rd instar larvae. On other the invasion of America by Chrysomya spe­ hand this is also what may be expected if a cies (see for summaries and new contribu- genetical expression is involved. Only care-

Figs. 1-7.-]) Protocalliphora distincta Grunin, 1966. Middle femur (after GRlIN1N, 1970). 2) Protocalliphora dis­ tillcta Grunin. 1966. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi. in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 3) Protocalliphora falcozi Seguy, 1928. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 4) Protocalliphora proxima Grunin. 1968. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in proflle. (after GRlININ, 1970). 5) Protocalliphora lii Fan, 1965. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after ROGNES, 1997).6) Protocalliphora sabroskyi Grunin 1970. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 7) Protocalliphora maruyamensis Kano & Shinonaga, 1966. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). Figs. 1-7.-1) Protocalliphora distincta Grunin, 1966. Fémur mediano (según GRlININ, 1970). 2) Protocalliphora dis­ tincta Grunin, 1966. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlIN1N, 1970). 3) Protocalliphora falcoz; Seguy. 1928. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970). 4) Protocalliphora proxima Grunin, 1968. a) Cercos y paralóbulos. desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlIN1N. 1970). 5) Protocalliphora Iii Fan, 1965. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según ROGNES, 1997). 6) Protocalliphora sabrosk­ yi Grunin 1970. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970). 7) Protocalliphora maruyamensis Kano & Shinonaga, 1966. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970).

Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4),2001. CALLIPHORIDAE ANO SARCOPHAGIDAE OF IRAN, NEW RECOROS 177

3a 3b

2a 2b

5a 5b

4a 4b

7a 7b

6a 6b

Bol. R. Soco Esp, Hist. Nat. (Sec. Bio!.), 96 (3-4),2001. 178 M. PARCHAMI-ARAGHI, S. y. PERIS y D. GONZÁLEZ-MORA fuI experimental breeding tests may solve set of good characters, but, usually, the ori­ the question, ginal drawings do not permit definite com­ parisons. The male genitalia of P. isochroa ChrvsOlllya megacephala (Fabricius. 1794) are lacking, see reasons in PEUS (1960: 618). Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh river, 20 m alt.. 30-IV­ Only in P. falco::.i Seguy, 1928 and P. proxi­ 1995; . Safi-abad, 150 m alt.• 23-24-IV­ ma Grunin, 1966 no attempt has been done 1995: Shush, Karkheh Protected Area. 100 m alt., or intended a thorough study; both species 24-IV-1995. seem to be closely related (SEGUY, 1941, GRUNIN, 1966). Chrysomya marginalis (Wiedemann, 1830) 1 (2) Middle femur with a row of strong pv setae. Genitalia seen from Baluchestan: Pishin, Soldan, 150 m alt .. 10-11-1996. This record extends its distribution into behind, stout (i.e. basal part of it the Palaearctica. only about twice its whole length). Paralobi from behind, somewhat Calliphoridae, Phormiini curved, its width similar to the pro­ ximal part of cercal prongs. Paralobi and cerci, in profile, apicalIy slightly Protocalliphora az.urea (Fallen, 1817) forward in a short nai1. (Fig. 1-2)..... Kohkiluyeh-Boyerahmad: Sisakht. 2350 m alt.• 13-16­ ...... distincta Grunin, 1966 VI-1973. 2 (1) Middle femur without such pv setae. Widely distributed throughout the Pa­ 3 (4) Paralobi of slender profile, its width laearctic Region. For a list of avian hosts see similar to prongs at base. Cerci also GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS (1988). slender and surpassing length of paralobi. The whole slim, (i.e. the The sure identification of this unique whole length larger than twice its specimen from an area like Iran so little basal width. No further attempt is collected, far from Europe and subject to made for separate these species, see many biogeographical influences, brought figures. (Fig. 3-4) .. us to make o look over all Palearctic Proto­ ...... jalcozi Seguy, 1928 calliphora species (SABROSKY et al., 1989), ...... ,proxima Grunin, 1968 and this guide that follows. If it helped us 4 (3) Genitalia stout. Cerci rather wide at may also help to others. In same way is com­ basis, its length not surpassing that plementary to already published keys of paralobi (only slight1y in peusi). (ZUMPT, 1956a, GRUNIN, 1970, GREGOR & 5 (6) Paralobi in profile long. surpassing POVOU~Y, 1959, ROGNEs, 1991) and based. clearly the apex of cerci, and curved mainly. on the on the cerci and paralobi (in the figure 5 seems to be a bit (surstylus) as depicted in original descrip­ crushed). In profile paralobi and tions or some other reliable sources. We are cerci rather tapering. (Fig.5) . sure that phallic structures may give another ...... lii Fan, 1965 (original not seen)

Figs. 8-14.-8) Protocalliphora asiatica Zumpt. 1956. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in pro­ tile. (afterGRuNIN, 1970).9) Protocalliphora peusi Gregor & Povolny, 1959. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after ROGNES, 1991). 10) Protocalliphora nuortevai Grunin. 1972. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after ROGNES. 1991 l. 11) Protocalliphorafrolltosa Gru­ nin, 1966. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRUNIN, 1966). 12) Proto­ callip/lOra amblyogma Peus, 1960. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (atier GRUNIN, 1966). 13) Pmtocalliphora rognesiThompson & Pont. 1993. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after ROGNES, 1991 as chrysorrhoea). 14.) Protoca/liphora azurea (Fallén, 1917). a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi. in profile. (after GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS, 1988). Figs. 8-14.-8) Protocalliphora asiatica Zumpt, 1956. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en pertil (según GRUNIN, 1970).9) Protocalliphora peusi Gregor & Povolny, 1959. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil. (según ROGNES. 1991). lO) Protocolliphora 11110rtevai Grunin, 1972. al Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según ROGNES, 1991). 11) Pmtocolliphorafrontosa Gru­ nin, 1966. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos. en perfil (según GRUNIN, 1966). 12) Pm­ tocalliphora amblyogma Peus, 1960. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos. en perfil (según GRUNIN, 1966). 13) Pmtocolliphora rognesi Thompson & Pont, 1993. a) Cercos y paralóbulos. desde atrás. b) Cer­ cos y paralóbulos, en pertil (según ROGNES, 1991. como chrysorrhoea). 14) Pmtocalliphora aZllrea (FalIén. 1917). a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS. 1988).

Bo/. R. SOL'. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. 8io!.), 96 (3-4),2001. CALLIPHORIDAE ANO SARCOPHAGIOAE OF IRAN, NEW RECOROS 179

8a 8b 9a 9b

11a 11b lOa 10b

12a 12b 13a 13b

14a 14b

Bol. R. Soco EW Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-·n, 2001. 180 M. PARCHAMI-ARAGHI, S. V. PERIS y D. GONZÁLEZ-MORA

6 (5) Genitalia of different morphology. Squama and antisquama light colou­ Paralobi shorter, its length similar to red, and with light edges. Basicosta that of cerci (see peusi). light cinnamomeus. (GRUNIN, 1966). 7 (10) Paralobi, in lateral view, showing on (Fig. 11) . its proximal dorsal border a rather ...... frontosa Grunin, 1966 pronounced inflexion fol1owed by a 18 (17) Paralobi, in profile, with borders prominence; from this the paralobi subparallel subcuadrate not tapering, bend forward ending in a rather rather subcuadrate. Squama white abrupt tipo Basicosta black (GRUNIN, with white edges. 1970). 19 (20) Cerci, in profile, with straight dorsal 8 (9) Cerci of dorsal profile straight and outline, so its tip separating from short pilose. (Fig. 6) . paralobi. Basicosta cinnamomeus to ...... sabroskyi Grunin, 1970 dark cinnamomeus (GRUNIN, 1966). 9 (8) Dorsal profile of cerci rather sig• (Fig. 12) .. moid and with only normal sparse ...... amblyogma Peus, 1960 pilosity. (Fig. 7) .. 20 (19) Cerci not so, its tip always approxi­ ...... maruyamensis Kano & mating to paralobi in profile. (Fig. Shinonaga, 1966 (original not seen) 13-14). 10 (7) Paralobi with a different shape and 21 (22) Parafacialia and parafrontalia dusted construction. light brown to dark brown (ROGNES, 11 (16) Paralobi with a rather curvilineous 1991) .. posterior profile, on its middle part; .....rognesi Thompson & Pont, 1993 compared with cerci rather similar 22 (21) Parafacialia dusted white, grey or shape. (Fig. 8-10). dirty grey (ROGNES, 1991 ) . 12 (13) Basicosta light brown. Second ...... azurea (Fallen, 1917) antennal segment, vibrisal angle and mouth margin reddish brown. Tegu­ Calliphorinae la and antisquama white (GRUNIN, 1970) asiatica Zumpt, 1956 Phaenicia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830) 13 (12) Other combination of characters. Calypter, including margins, rather Ghazvin: Alamut, Koshk-Dasht, 1470 m alt., 7-VI­ 1995. Khuzestan: Khorramshahr, Shalamcheh, O pure white. (ROGNES, 1991). (Fig. m alt., 3-V-1995; Shush, Karkheh Protected Area, 10). 100 m alt., 24-IV-1995. 14 (15) Basicosta almost black. Vibrisal angle black. Frons wide, two times Phaenicia sericata (Meigen, 1824) as wide as distance between poste­ rior ocelli inclusive. Parafacialia dis­ Ghazvin: Alamut, Koshk-Dasht, 1470 m alt., 7-VI­ tinctly rugose (ROGNES, 1991) ...... 1995; 25 Km NW. Ghazvin, Daryabak, 2150 m alt., 11-VI-1995. Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh ...... peusi Gregor & Povolny, 1959 river, 20 m alt., 30-IV-1995; , Azhgil, 950 m 15 (14) Basicosta most often brown. Vibrisal alt., 27-IV-1995; Khorramshahr, Shalamcheh, Om angles usually reddish. Frons narro­ alt., 3-V-1995; 50 Km S. Masjed-Soleyman, 400 wer, one to one and a half times as m alt., 26-IV-1995; Shush, Karkheh Protected Area, lOO m alt., 24-IV-1995. wide as distance between posterior ocelli inclusive. Parafacialia with Sarcophagidae few and inconspicuous rugae (RoG­ NEs,1991) . Sarcophaginae: Both mentioned species ...... nuortevai Grunin, 1972 are widely distributed. 16 (11) Paralobi with rather straight poste­ rior profile. Most usually the paralo­ Bercaea africa (Wiedemann, 1824) bi wide and stout appearance, diffe­ Ilam: Ghallajeh, 1810 m alt., 18-19-VIII-1996. Ker­ rent from the described in the 11 (15) manshah: Mahidasht, Chaharzebar, 1150 m alt., couplet. 14-VIII-1996. 17 (18) Paralobi of profile slightly tapering This name is the one used by PAPE towards apex. Cerci slightly curved, (1996); LEHRER (1998) do not accept it and the tip approximated at paralobi. calls the species by another name.

Bo!. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Bio!.), 96 (3-4), 2001. CALLIPHORIDAE AND SARCOPHAGIDAE OF ¡RAN. NEW RECORDS 181

Liopygia (Thomsonea) argyrostoma HOLDAWAY, F. G. 1933. The synonymy and distribution of (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) Chrysomya rufifaóes (Macq.), an Austra1ían sheep blow tly. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 24: I1am: Ghallajeh, 1810 m alt., 18-19-VIII-1996. 549-560. LEBRER, A. Z. 1998. Quelques considerations critiques sur l'espece Bercaea "africa" (WIEDEMANN, Recibido el 2 de marzo de 1999 1824) et sur son existence en Israel (Insecta: Dlp­ Aceptado el 2 de julio de 2001 tera: Sarcophagidae). Reichenbachia, 32: 337-339 PAPE, T. 1996. Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the World (Insecta, Diptera). Memoirs on Entomo­ 10gy International 8: 1-558. Gainesville. . . PERIS, S. V. 1985. Sorne additional data on the dlstnbu­ REFERENCES tion 01' Chrysomya species in South America (Diptera). Eos, 61: 239-240. . . BAUMGARTNER. D. L. 1988. Spread of introduced Chry­ 1987. La invasión de las especies de Chrysomyw somva Blowtlies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in the en América (Dipt., Calliphoridae). Graellsia, 43: Neotropica with Record New to Venezuela. Neo­ 205-210. trapica, 2 (2): 167-168. PEUS, P. 1960. Zur Kenntnis der ornithoparasitischen BAUMGARTNER, D. L. & GREENBERG. B. 1984. The Phormiinen (Diptera, CalIiphoridae). Deustche Genus Chrysomya (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in the entomologische Zeitschrift. (N. F), 7: 193-235. New World. Journal of Medical Entomology, 21: ROGNES, K. 1991. Blowflies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 01' 105-113. Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna entomologica. BECKER, Th. & STEIN, P. 1912. Persische Dipteren von scandinavica, 24: 1-272. den Expeditionen des Herrn N. Zarudny 1891 und 1997. Additions to the Swiss fauna 01' blowtlies 190 l. Annuarie Musée zoologique, Academie. with an analysis 01' the systematic position of Science. Saint.-Pétersburgue, 17: 503-654. Calliphora stylifera (POKORNY, 1889) inc1uding a GONZÁLEZ-MoRA, D. & PERIS, S. V. 1988. Los Calli­ decription of the female (Diptera, Calliphoridae). phoridae de España, 1: Rhiniinae y Chrysomiinae Mitteillungen der Schweizerischen Entomologls­ (Díptera). Eos, 64: 91 ~ 139. ... chen Gesellschafi, 70: 63-76. GREENBERG, B. & POVOLNY, D. 1971. Blonomlcs 01 SEGUY, E. 1941. Etudes sur les mouches parasites. 11. di.~eases. flies. In: Flies and B. GREENBERG, 1: Calliphorines (suite), Sarcophagines et Rhinopho­ 57-83. Princeton Univ. Press. New Jersey. rines de I'Europe occidenta1e et mendlOna1e. GREGOR. F. & POVOLNY, D. 1959. Kritischer Beitrag zur Enciclopedie Entomolologique. (A), 21: 1-436. Kenntnis der Tribus Phormiini (Diptera, Callipho­ SABROSKY, C. W.: BENNET, G. F. & WHITWORTH, T. L. ridae). Acta Societatis entomologicae Checoslo­ 1990. Bird Blow Flies (Protocalliphora) in America veniae. 56: 26-51. (Diptera: Calliphoridae) with Notes on the Pale­ GRUNIN. K. Y. 1966. New and little-know CalIiphoridae arctic species. Smithsonian Institution Press Was­ (Diptera), mainly bloodsucking or subcutaneous hington, D. c., and London. parasites of birds. Entomologicheskoe Obozrellle. TANTAWL, T. r. & GREENBERG, B. 1993. Chrysomya albi­ 45: 897-903. (Entomological Review, Washmton: ceps and C. rufifacies: Contribution to an ongoing 503-505). taxonomica1 problem (Dlptera, Ca1hphondae). 1970. Calliphoridae: In: Clave para la identifica• Journal of Medical Entomology, 30: 646-648. ción de los insectos de la parte Europea de la ZUMPT, F. 1956a. Calliphoridae. In: Die Fliegen der URSS, 5: Dípteros, Pulgas. G. BEI-BIENKO, Ya. palaearktischen Region, LLNDNER, Ed. 8: 1-140. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskií. Institute. 1956b. Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyc1orrhapha), Leningrad. Parto 1: Calliphorini and Chrysomyini. Explora­ 1971. Ergebnisse der zoologischen Forschungen tion Parc nationale Albert, Mission. G. F de Wltte, von Dr. Z. Kaszab in der Mongolei. 277. Callip• 87: 1-200. horidae (Diptera). Ir. Acta zoologica hungaricae, 17: 255-259.

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