DOCSLIB.ORG

New Records of Iranian Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, with a Guide To

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Bol. R. Soco Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4), 2001,175-181. ISSN 0366-3272 New records of Iranian Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, with a guide to the males of Palaearctic Protocalliphora (Diptera, Calyptratae) Nuevas citas de Calliphoridae y Sarcophagidae iraníes, con una guía para los machos de Protocalliphora paleárticos M. Parchami-Araghjl, Salvador V. Peris2 y Dolores González-Mora2 1. Departmem al' Envíronmental Biolagy, Uníversity (Ir Guelph, Guelph, Omarío, Canada N1G 2Wl. 2. Departamento de Biolrrgía Animal I (Zoología-Entomología). Facultad de Biología. Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid. KEY WORDS: Calliphoridae, Protocalliphora, Sarcophagidae, Iran, Systematics, Distribution, Palaearctic. PALABRAS CLAVE: Calliphoridae, Protocalliphora, Sarcophagidae, Irán, Sistemática, Distribución, Paleártico. ABSTRACT This paper is an inventory of a small collection of fiies from Iran: Calliphoridae and two Sarcophagidae with a short comment on Chrysomya a/bíceps !'l/lifacíes name and a guide to Palaearctic Protoca/liphora is given based on the male genital structures, RESUMEN Este trabajo es el inventario de una pequeña colección de moscas de Irán: Calliphoridae y dos Sarcophagidae con un corto comentario sobre el nombre Chrysomya o/bíceps rufifacies y una guía para las Protocalliphora, paleárticas, basada en las estructuras genitales de machos. 1. INTRüDUCTIüN 2. LIST üF SPECIES The present paper is an inventory of a Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae small collection of calliphorids made by the first author. The list includes also two species Rhyncomya townsendi James, 1977 of Rhyncomya from Azerbaijan named by the Kerman: Kahnuj, 14-III-1978, International Institute of Entomology; Lon­ SO far it was known only from Pakistan: don. This list is worth publishing, as many Karachi. Pasni. This new record extends its records are new to the area involved, which is distribution into the Palaearctic Region. little explored. The "synanthropic" bias may be useful for sanitary purposes. Rhyncomya nigripes Seguy, 1933 As a result of this work a guide to the =RhYllcomya minima Peris, 1951 Palaearctic males of Protocalliphora is pre­ Baluchestan: Ghasr-e Ghand, 450 m alt" 7-8-XI-199 1. sented. Rhyncomya cyanescens (Loew, 1844) East Azerbaijan: Kalibar, Vinagh, 800 m alt., 8-VIII­ 1992. Identified by International Institute of Entomology; London. This new record ex- Bo/. R. Soco Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4),2001. 176 M. PARCHAMI-ARAGHI, S. V. PERIS y D. GONZÁLEZ-MORA tends its distribution to the NE of Middle tions: PERIS (1985, 1987), BAUMGARTNER & East. GREENBERG (1984), BAUMGARTNER (1988), aH these papers provide additionalliterature). Rhyncomya speciosa (Loew, 1844) It has been said that both "species" have are disjunct distributions and do not overlap East Azerbaijan: Kalibar, Vinagh, 800 m alt., 8-Vlll-1992. in the Americas (GREENBERG & POVOLNY, Identified by International Institute of 1971), but the evidence is a bit misleading, as Entomology; London. The same remarks as there are not generally accepted criteria for for the former species. its distinction, at least of sorne authors. GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS (1988: 119­ Cosmina claripennis 120), in a rather overlooked paper, have Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 shown that both "forms" coexist in the same Esfahan: Kashan, Niasar, Sericheh. 1650 m alt., 9-11-VI­ locality, and our experience after years of 1984. Markazi: Mahallat, 1500 m alt.. 3-IX-1991. collecting is that the species is common in The record confirms that of BECKER & Spain (where "albiceps" is predominant), to STEIN (1912). find here and there sorne specimens of "rufi­ facies" (see the cited paper for further details). Calliphoridae, Chrysomyinae Our personal opinion is more in agree­ ment with that expressed by ZUMPT (1956 a, Chrysomya albiceps albiceps b): both forms are different genetic expres­ (Wiedemann, 1819) sion of the same species, rufifacies predomi­ nates in Australia (absolutely?) and "albi­ Bushehr: Tangestan. Ahram vicinity, 100 m alt., 5-V­ ceps" predominates in the Orient (partially) 1995. Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh river, 20 m alt., 30-IV-1995: Khorramshahr, Shalamcheh, Om alt., and also in the Palaearctica (partially). Per­ 3-V-1995. haps both "expressions" depend on ecologi­ cal reasons, but we do not know yet. Chrysomya albiceps rufifacies In a rather recent paper TANTAWI & (Macquart, 1845) GREENBERG (1993) deal again with this question and describe sorne characters of the Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh river. 20 m alt., 30-IV­ 1995; Shush, Karkheh Protected Area, 100 m alt.. third instar larva separating both forms, but 24-IV-1995. also mention "thus is evidently a variable characteristics and we urge caution when Since the paper of HOLDAWAY (1933) examining a few specimens for identifica­ much discussion have emerged on by the tions". So, however the interest of these question if C. rufifacies is a good species or observations, they only translate the diffe­ only a form of C. albiceps. Specially after rent forms into the 3rd instar larvae. On other the invasion of America by Chrysomya spe­ hand this is also what may be expected if a cies (see for summaries and new contribu- genetical expression is involved. Only care- Figs. 1-7.-]) Protocalliphora distincta Grunin, 1966. Middle femur (after GRlIN1N, 1970). 2) Protocalliphora dis­ tillcta Grunin. 1966. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi. in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 3) Protocalliphora falcozi Seguy, 1928. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 4) Protocalliphora proxima Grunin. 1968. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in proflle. (after GRlININ, 1970). 5) Protocalliphora lii Fan, 1965. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after ROGNES, 1997).6) Protocalliphora sabroskyi Grunin 1970. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). 7) Protocalliphora maruyamensis Kano & Shinonaga, 1966. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind. b) Cerci and paralobi, in profile. (after GRlININ, 1970). Figs. 1-7.-1) Protocalliphora distincta Grunin, 1966. Fémur mediano (según GRlININ, 1970). 2) Protocalliphora dis­ tincta Grunin, 1966. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlIN1N, 1970). 3) Protocalliphora falcoz; Seguy. 1928. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970). 4) Protocalliphora proxima Grunin, 1968. a) Cercos y paralóbulos. desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlIN1N. 1970). 5) Protocalliphora Iii Fan, 1965. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según ROGNES, 1997). 6) Protocalliphora sabrosk­ yi Grunin 1970. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970). 7) Protocalliphora maruyamensis Kano & Shinonaga, 1966. a) Cercos y paralóbulos, desde atrás. b) Cercos y paralóbulos, en perfil (según GRlININ, 1970). Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.), 96 (3-4),2001. CALLIPHORIDAE ANO SARCOPHAGIDAE OF IRAN, NEW RECOROS 177 3a 3b 2a 2b 5a 5b 4a 4b 7a 7b 6a 6b Bol. R. Soco Esp, Hist. Nat. (Sec. Bio!.), 96 (3-4),2001. 178 M. PARCHAMI-ARAGHI, S. y. PERIS y D. GONZÁLEZ-MORA fuI experimental breeding tests may solve set of good characters, but, usually, the ori­ the question, ginal drawings do not permit definite com­ parisons. The male genitalia of P. isochroa ChrvsOlllya megacephala (Fabricius. 1794) are lacking, see reasons in PEUS (1960: 618). Khuzestan: Bostan, Karkheh river, 20 m alt.. 30-IV­ Only in P. falco::.i Seguy, 1928 and P. proxi­ 1995; Dezful. Safi-abad, 150 m alt.• 23-24-IV­ ma Grunin, 1966 no attempt has been done 1995: Shush, Karkheh Protected Area. 100 m alt., or intended a thorough study; both species 24-IV-1995. seem to be closely related (SEGUY, 1941, GRUNIN, 1966). Chrysomya marginalis (Wiedemann, 1830) 1 (2) Middle femur with a row of strong pv setae. Genitalia seen from Baluchestan: Pishin, Soldan, 150 m alt .. 10-11-1996. This record extends its distribution into behind, stout (i.e. basal part of it the Palaearctica. only about twice its whole length). Paralobi from behind, somewhat Calliphoridae, Phormiini curved, its width similar to the pro­ ximal part of cercal prongs. Paralobi and cerci, in profile, apicalIy slightly Protocalliphora az.urea (Fallen, 1817) forward in a short nai1. (Fig. 1-2)..... Kohkiluyeh-Boyerahmad: Sisakht. 2350 m alt.• 13-16­ ......................distincta Grunin, 1966 VI-1973. 2 (1) Middle femur without such pv setae. Widely distributed throughout the Pa­ 3 (4) Paralobi of slender profile, its width laearctic Region. For a list of avian hosts see similar to prongs at base. Cerci also GONZÁLEZ-MoRA & PERIS (1988). slender and surpassing length of paralobi. The whole slim, (i.e. the The sure identification of this unique whole length larger than twice its specimen from an area like Iran so little basal width. No further attempt is collected, far from Europe and subject to made for separate these species, see many biogeographical influences, brought figures. (Fig. 3-4) .. us to make o look over all Palearctic Proto­ .........................jalcozi Seguy, 1928 calliphora species (SABROSKY et al., 1989), ..................... ,proxima Grunin, 1968 and this guide that follows. If it helped us 4 (3) Genitalia stout. Cerci rather wide at may also help to others. In same way is com­ basis, its length not surpassing that plementary to already published keys of paralobi (only slight1y in peusi). (ZUMPT, 1956a, GRUNIN, 1970, GREGOR & 5 (6) Paralobi in profile long. surpassing POVOU~Y, 1959, ROGNEs, 1991) and based. clearly the apex of cerci, and curved mainly. on the on the cerci and paralobi (in the figure 5 seems to be a bit (surstylus) as depicted in original descrip­ crushed). In profile paralobi and tions or some other reliable sources. We are cerci rather tapering. (Fig.5) . sure that phallic structures may give another .......lii Fan, 1965 (original not seen) Figs. 8-14.-8) Protocalliphora asiatica Zumpt. 1956. a) Cerci and paralobi from behind.
Recommended publications
  • Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 63/Wednesday, April 1, 2020/Notices

    Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 63/Wednesday, April 1, 2020/Notices

    18334 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 63 / Wednesday, April 1, 2020 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY a.k.a. CHAGHAZARDY, MohammadKazem); Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender DOB 21 Jan 1962; nationality Iran; Additional Male; Passport D9016371 (Iran) (individual) Office of Foreign Assets Control Sanctions Information—Subject to Secondary [IRAN]. Sanctions; Gender Male (individual) Identified as meeting the definition of the Notice of OFAC Sanctions Actions [NPWMD] [IFSR] (Linked To: BANK SEPAH). term Government of Iran as set forth in Designated pursuant to section 1(a)(iv) of section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section AGENCY: Office of Foreign Assets E.O. 13382 for acting or purporting to act for 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Control, Treasury. or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, BANK 11. SAEEDI, Mohammed; DOB 22 Nov ACTION: Notice. SEPAH, a person whose property and 1962; Additional Sanctions Information— interests in property are blocked pursuant to Subject to Secondary Sanctions; Gender SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the E.O. 13382. Male; Passport W40899252 (Iran) (individual) Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets 3. KHALILI, Jamshid; DOB 23 Sep 1957; [IRAN]. Control (OFAC) is publishing the names Additional Sanctions Information—Subject Identified as meeting the definition of the of one or more persons that have been to Secondary Sanctions; Gender Male; term Government of Iran as set forth in Passport Y28308325 (Iran) (individual) section 7(d) of E.O. 13599 and section placed on OFAC’s Specially Designated [IRAN]. 560.304 of the ITSR, 31 CFR part 560. Nationals and Blocked Persons List Identified as meeting the definition of the 12.
  • UNIVERSITY of KWAZULU-NATAL the Provision of Efficient Transport

    UNIVERSITY of KWAZULU-NATAL the Provision of Efficient Transport

    UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL The Provision of Efficient Transport Services in the Iranian Maritime and Land Transport Interface By Farhad Razkhaneh 206525761 A dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics School of Accounting, Economics and Finance College of Law & Management Studies Supervisor: Professor Trevor Jones 2014 ii Acknowledgements I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who helped me through the process and preparation of this Doctoral Thesis. My sincere gratitude goes to my supervisor, Professor Trevor Jones, who meticulously read through the drafts and provided me with valuable editorial suggestions and guided me with technical comments, criticisms, guidance and support through the various stages of the writing and completion of this thesis. His efforts, knowledge and experience in international trade and transportation, ports and maritime, and merchant shipping transport related issues, have contributed towards the success of this thesis. The research and writing of this thesis, whilst at times difficult and challenging, has contributed towards my academic knowledge development, with which I hope to humbly contribute, through further writing, teaching and research, back to society. Special thanks to Professor Geoff Harris for reading earlier chapters of this thesis and providing the valuable suggestions and guidance to me. I extend my thanks to friends in the School of Accounting, Economics and Finance at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Professor Dev Tewari and Post Doc Mr. O.B. Saiedo for their help. In addition, I am grateful for support and interest shown by colleagues in the Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping lines and individuals in the freight industry, in particular Mr.
  • See the Document

    See the Document

    IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways
  • 13893 Sunday FEBRUARY 28, 2021 Esfand 10, 1399 Rajab 16, 1442

    13893 Sunday FEBRUARY 28, 2021 Esfand 10, 1399 Rajab 16, 1442

    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 42nd year No.13893 Sunday FEBRUARY 28, 2021 Esfand 10, 1399 Rajab 16, 1442 Iran to delete IAEA Iranian coach will lead Israeli ship whose owner Violent modern world suffers cameras’ data if volleyball team in next has links with Mossad chief from lack of common humane sanctions not lifted Page 3 Olympics: Davarzani Page 3 damaged in Oman Sea Page 5 language: Majidi Page 8 Zarif calls attacks and events in Iraq suspicious TEHRAN – The foreign ministers of Iran Iraqi forces in border areas of Iraq and and Iraq held talks in Tehran on Satur- Syria, dismissing the raids as a violation day to discuss the different dimensions of the two countries’ sovereignty, according of political and economic cooperation as to an Iranian Foreign Ministry statement. well as border exchanges between the two Zarif described as “suspicious” the re- countries. cent attacks and events in Iraq, saying Open seasonSee page 3 During his meeting with his Iraqi counter- they could be aimed at disrupting Teh- part Fuad Hussein, Iranian Foreign Minister ran-Baghdad relations as well as security Mohammad Javad Zarif condemned the and stability in Iraq. United States’ dangerous move to attack Continued on page 3 Tehran to host 1st EAEU intl. expo in mid-May TEHRAN - Tehran is planning to host an exhibition along with the Eurasian coun- international exhibition for introducing tries so that the two sides would be able the Eurasia Economic Union (EAEU)’s to have positive negotiations and expand trade potentials during May 17-20, IRIB their mutual cooperation in the future.
  • State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010

    State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010

    STATE, DISSIDENTS, AND CONTENTION: IRAN, 1979-2010 HAMID REZAI SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 ©2012 Hamid Rezai All rights reserved ABSTRACT State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010 Hamid Rezai Why after almost a decade of silence and “successful” crackdowns of contention during the 1980s has Iran witnessed once again waves of increasing popular protest? What are the processes and mechanisms behind the routinization of collective actions in Iran since the early 1990s, which continue despite state repression? Why and under what circumstances does a strong authoritarian state that has previously marginalized its contenders tolerate some forms of contention despite the state’s continued repressive capacity? And finally, to what extent are available social movement theories capable of explaining the Iranian case? In “State, Dissidents, and Contention: Iran, 1979-2010” I engage theories of social movements and contentious politics in order to examine the emergence, development, and likely outcomes of popular contention in contemporary Iran. My study is the first project of its kind to focus on elite factionalism and its impact on popular mobilization in contemporary Iran. Although other scholars have extensively written on elite factionalism in postrevolutionary Iran, they have not analyzed the implications of the inter-elite conflict for the emergence and development of social protests against the Islamic Republic. While this study primarily utilizes political process and resource mobilization models, it acknowledges the importance of economic, ideological, and breakdown approaches for the interpretation of the emergence and development of popular mobilization in contemporary Iran.
  • Iranian Operational Decision Making: Case Studies from the Iran-Iraq

    Iranian Operational Decision Making: Case Studies from the Iran-Iraq

    Iranian Operational Decision Making Case Studies from the Iran-Iraq War Michael Connell COP-2013-U-005291-Final July 2013 Strategic Studies is a division of CNA. This directorate conducts analyses of security policy, regional analyses, studies of political-military issues, and strategy and force assessments. CNA Strategic Studies is part of the glob- al community of strategic studies institutes and in fact collaborates with many of them. On the ground experience is a hallmark of our regional work. Our specialists combine in-country experience, language skills, and the use of local primary-source data to produce empirically based work. All of our analysts have advanced degrees, and virtually all have lived and worked abroad. Similarly, our strategists and military/naval operations experts have either active duty experience or have served as field analysts with operating Navy and Marine Corps commands. They are skilled at anticipating the “prob- lem after next” as well as determining measures of effectiveness to assess ongoing initiatives. A particular strength is bringing empirical methods to the evaluation of peace-time engagement and shaping activities. The Strategic Studies Division’s charter is global. In particular, our analysts have proven expertise in the follow- ing areas: The full range of Asian security issues The full range of Middle East related security issues, especially Iran and the Arabian Gulf Maritime strategy Insurgency and stabilization Future national security environment and forces European security issues, especially the Mediterranean littoral West Africa, especially the Gulf of Guinea Latin America The world’s most important navies Deterrence, arms control, missile defense and WMD proliferation The Strategic Studies Division is led by Dr.
  • PDF Document (In English)

    PDF Document (In English)

    Iran Human Rights Documentation Center The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center (IHRDC) believes that the development of an accountability movement and a culture of human rights in Iran are crucial to the long-term peace and security of the country and the Middle East region. As numerous examples have illustrated, the removal of an authoritarian regime does not necessarily lead to an improved human rights situation if institutions and civil society are weak, or if a culture of human rights and democratic governance has not been cultivated. By providing Iranians with comprehensive human rights reports, data about past and present human rights violations, and information about international human rights standards, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the IHRDC programs will strengthen Iranians’ ability to demand accountability, reform public institutions, and promote transparency and respect for human rights. Encouraging a culture of human rights within Iranian society as a whole will allow political and legal reforms to have real and lasting weight. The IHRDC seeks to: Establish a comprehensive and objective historical record of the human rights situation in Iran, and on the basis of this record, establish responsibility for patterns of human rights abuses; Make the record available in an archive that is accessible to the public for research and educational purposes; Promote accountability, respect for human rights and the rule of law in Iran; and Encourage an informed dialogue on the human rights situation in Iran among scholars and the general public in Iran and abroad. Iran Human Rights Documentation Center 129 Church Street New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA Tel: +1-(203)-772-2218 Fax: +1-(203)-772-1782 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.iranhrdc.org Front cover: Ahwazi Arabs marching in Kuye Alavi neighborhood in Ahvaz during the April 2005 protests.
  • Country Information on Sri Lanka, January 2004

    Country Information on Sri Lanka, January 2004

    Chronology of Events in Iran, April 2005* April 1 Doctor claims photojournalist raped, tortured in Iran. (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) An Iranian doctor who claims he treated Canadian photo-journalist Zahra Kazemi after she had been interrogated by Iranian secret service agents says she was raped and tortured before dying from her injuries. Zahra Kazemi was a Canadian photojournalist arrested in July, 2003, by Iranian Intelligence agents. She had been photographing the infamous Evin prison in Tehran. While in custody she died of a brain haemorrhage after her skull had been crushed. Shahram Azam was a doctor in the Iranian military who says he treated Ms Kazemi. She had bruises all over her body, her nose was broken, fingers were broken, and fingernails were missing. Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) report of the same new on April 2: A hospital source ruled out claims of Shahram A'zam -- posing himself in the faked label of physician at Tehran's Baqiatollah Hospital -- on Iranian photojournalist Zahra Kazemi as were printed at the Canadian press. April 2 Centre for Defence of Human Rights meets political prisoners and families. (Iranian Labour News Agency / ILNA) Members of the Centre for the Defence of Human Rights have met a number of political prisoners and their families during the New Year holidays, Mohammad Seyfzadeh, a member of the centre said. He reported that he Centre for the Defence of Human Rights met Naser Zarafshan, Abbas Amir Entezam and the family of Mojtaba Sami'inezhad. 66 asylum seekers sent back from Canada to Iran. (Canadian newspaper Toronto Star) Canada sent 66 failed refugee claimants back to Iran in 2004, where human rights activists say they face an uncertain fate in a regime well-known for its abuses and torture.
  • 13888 Sunday FEBRUARY 21, 2021 Esfand 3, 1399 Rajab 9, 1442

    13888 Sunday FEBRUARY 21, 2021 Esfand 3, 1399 Rajab 9, 1442

    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 42nd year No.13888 Sunday FEBRUARY 21, 2021 Esfand 3, 1399 Rajab 9, 1442 Role of youth in Iran taekwondo Gas network “Holodomor” reveals how national development practitioner Hadipour stable in quake-hit Stalin starved millions in is obvious Page 2 suffers ACL tear Page 3 Sisakht Page 4 Ukrainian famine Page 8 See page 3 Iran’s UN envoy says JCPOA will be meaningless with sanctions in place TEHRAN - Majid Takht-Ravanchi, Iran’s “We cannot agree on a signature on ambassador to the United Nations, says a letter alone. If the signature does not any U.S. plan to rejoin the 2015 nuclear come with a process for verifying the (U.S.) deal will be worthless if it is not combined measures, that would be meaningless,” with a verifiable lifting of the sanctions on Iran’s top diplomat to the UN remarked. Iran, according to Tasnim news agency. He emphasized that a termination of oil In an interview with khamenei.ir, he sanctions on Iran must entail assurances noted that Washington’s expression of that Tehran will not face any problem to readiness to rejoin the Joint Comprehen- sell oil and that the customers will eas- sive Plan of Action (JCPOA) will be worth ily transfer money via the international Going nothing if the sanctions against Iran are banking system. not terminated in practice. Continued on page 2 ICCIMA to hold Iran-Oman trade opportunities webinar on Tuesday nowhere TEHRAN- The international department of different unions and associations.
  • Chemical Weapons and the Iran-Iraq War: a Case Study in Noncompliance

    Chemical Weapons and the Iran-Iraq War: a Case Study in Noncompliance

    JAVED ALI Chemical Weapons and the Iran-Iraq War: A Case Study in Noncompliance JAVED ALI Javed Ali is a Senior Policy Analyst with the Special Projects Division of Research Planning, Incorporated (RPI) in Falls Church, Virginia, where he currently provides counterterrorism analytical, training and exercise support for a range of U.S. government agencies. He is a recognized authority on chemical and biological weapons issues, arms control, terrorism, and regional security dynamics, and is a frequent contributor to Jane’s Defence publications. he 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq War inflicted enormous curity elites used the Iraqi CW experience as a prime human costs, as each side sustained hundreds of motivator in developing Iran’s WMD programs and Tthousands of casualties.1 In addition, the eco- improved conventional capabilities. From the Iraqi per- nomic devastation wrought by the war was staggering. spective, its use of CW most likely emboldened Saddam The damage to each nation’s infrastructure, the billions Hussein and key Iraqi military officials to continue de- of dollars in lost oil revenues, and the squandering of veloping Iraq’s WMD programs and pursue aggressive precious currency on the acquisition of massive arms regional security policies—a development that mani- purchases that sustained the eight-year war continue to fested itself during the 1990-91 Gulf War and continues affect both nations to this day.2 One of the darker chap- to be of intense international concern. ters of the war was Iraq’s use of chemical weapons (CW) While the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was against Iran and Iran’s decision to employ chemical still being negotiated during the mid-1980s, the 1925 weapons in response.
  • Saddam's Generals :Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq

    Saddam's Generals :Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq

    D 1.2:IR 1/6 . ' 9 SADDAM’S GENERALS tfi'l Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq War Kevin M. Woods, Williamson Murray, Elizabeth A. Nathan, Laila Sahara, Ana M. Venegas SADDAM'S GENERALS SADDAM'S GENERALS Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq War Kevin M. Woods, Williamson Murray, Elizabeth A. Nathan, Laila Sahara, Ana M. Venegas Institute for Defense Analyses 2011 Final July 2010 IDA Document D-4121 Log: H 10-000765/1 Copy This work was conducted under contract DASW01-04-C-003, Task ET-8-2579, “Study on Military History (Project 1946—Phase II)” for the National Intelligence Council. The publication of this IDA document does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official position of the Agency. © 2010 Institute for Defense Analyses, 4850 Mark Center Drive, Alexandria, Virginia 22311-1882 • (703) 845-2000. This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (November 1995). 1 Contents Foreword vii Introduction 1 Summary and Analysis 5 Background 6 Origins and Planning for War 7 Saddam’s Education in War 13 The Adaptation of Iraqi Military Forces to the Reality of War 15 Technology, Intelligence, and the War 19 Final Comments 22 Historical Context and Timeline 25 Interview: Lieutenant General Ra’ad Majid Rashid al-Hamdani 29 Section 1 : Senior Leadership Foreign Assistance Officer Corps Saddam’s Personality First Gulf War 29 Section 2: Chemical Weapons Conditions and Events Leading to the Iran-Iraq War
  • Country Report of the I.R.Iran in the Framework of the Second Meeting of the Regional Network of Legal &Technical Experts on Transport Facilitation of the UNESCAP

    Country Report of the I.R.Iran in the Framework of the Second Meeting of the Regional Network of Legal &Technical Experts on Transport Facilitation of the UNESCAP

    In the name of God Islamic Republic of Iran Ministry of Roads & Urban Development Country Report of the I.R.Iran in the Framework of the Second Meeting of the Regional Network of Legal &Technical Experts on Transport Facilitation of the UNESCAP Prepared &Presented by Mehran Khamisizadeh Head of the International Agencies and Agreements Incheon ,Republic of Korea (25 -26 March 2015) The situation of the I . R. Iran in the Region Caspian Azerbaijan Sea Turkmenistan Turkey Afghanistan Iraq Pakistan Sea of Oman Has land and water borders with 15 countries Is located at the South West of Asia Connecting through land borders to : Turkmenistan via Sarakhs, Incheh boron, Lotfabad and Bajgiran points; Azerbaijan via Astara, Jolfa & Bilesuar,Aslandouz points; Turkey via Bazargan, Sero& Razi points; Afghanistan via Dugharoun and Milak points; Pakistan via Mirjaveh point; Iraq via Khosravi, Mehran, Bashmagh, Chazzabeh,kiledasht Connecting water borders: In north, through Nowshahr, Neka, Anzali and ,Amir- ◌َ Abad Ports with: Russia, Kazakhstan Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. In south, through Imam Khomeini, Boushehr, Khorramshahr, Shahid Rajaee and Bahonar and Chabahar ports with: Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean countries and all other ports in the world. Bazargan Poldasht Aslandooz jolfaNourdoz Bilehsavar and Caspian Sea Border Terminals and Ports Astara Lotf Abad Sero Incheh Boroun Bajgiran Tamarchin Kile Sardasht Sarakhs Bashmagh Doqaroun Khosravi Yazdan Mehran Mil 78 Chazzabeh Milak Shalamcheh Mirjaveh Common Border in West of Iran Name Of Border