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Scientific Excellence • Resource Protection & Conservation • Benefits for Canadians Excellence scientifique • Protection et conservation des ressources • Bénéfices aux Canadiens DF° iii ii i1iii ii iiiiii I II Shellfish Stock Assessments for the West Coast of Canada in 1990 as Reviewed by the Pacific Stock Assessment Review Committee (PSARC) G. A. Thomas Editor Department of Fisheries and Oceans Fisheries Branch 417 Second Avenue West Prince Rupert, British Columbia, V8J 1G8 December 1990 Canadian Manuscript Report of Jf a_3 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences F No. 2099 4,1 eç Fisheries Pêches 1+1 and Oceans et Océans Canada. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Manuscript reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which deals with national or regional problems. Distribu- tion is restricted to institutions or individuals located in particular regions of Canada. However, no restriction is placed on subject matter, and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, namely, fis heries and aquatic sciences. Manuscript reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in Aquatic. Sciences and Fisherie.s. Abstracts and indexed in the Department's annual index to scientific and technical publications. Numbers l-900 in this series were issued as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Biological Board of Canada, and subsequent to 1937 when the name of the Board was changed by Act of Parliament, as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Fis heries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 901 1425 were issued as Manuscript Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 1426 1550 were issued as Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Manuscript Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 1551. Manuscript reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Out-of-stock reports will be supplied for a fee by commercial agents. Rapport manuscrit canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports manuscrits contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techni- ques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui traitent de problèmes nationaux ou régionaux. La distribution en est limitée aux organismes et aux personnes de régions particulières du Canada. Il n'y a aucune restriction quant au sujet; de fait, la série reflète la vaste gamme des intérêts et des politiques du ministère des Pêches et des Océans, c'est-à-dire les sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Les rapports manuscrits peuvent être cités comme des publications complètes. Le titre exact paraît au-dessus du résumé de chaque rapport. Les rapports manuscrits sont résumés dans la revue Résumés des sciences aquatiques et halieutiques, et ils sont classés dans l'index annuel des publications scientifiques et techniques du Ministère. Les numéros 1 à 900 de cette série ont été publiés à titre de manuscrits (série biologique) de l'Office de biologie du Canada, et après le changement de la désignation de cet organisme par décret du Parlement, en 1937, ont été classés comme manuscrits (série biologique) de l'Office des recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada. Les numéros 901 à 1425 ont été publiés à titre de rapports manuscrits de l'Office des recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada. Les numéros 1426 à 1550 sont parus à titre de rapports manuscrits du Service des pêches et de la mer, ministère des Pêches et de l'Environne- ment. Le nom actuel de la série a été établi lors de la parution du numéro 1551. Les rapports manuscrits sont produits à l'échelon régional, mais numérotés à l'échelon national. Les demandes de rapports seront satisfaites par l'établissement auteur dont le nom figure sur la couverture et la page du titre. Les rapports épuisés seront fournis contre rétribution par des agents commerciaux. g oLl- 735— Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences December 1990 SHELLFISH STOCK ASSESSMENTS FOR THE WEST COAST OF CANADA IN 1990 Department oi rt & Oceans ewrAV 10 190 clor.; d2s by Minizag) Océz,•el ,,A 1- A VI A G. Thomas Editor Department of Fisheries and Oceans Fisheries Branch Prince Rupert, British Columbia V8J 1G8 - ii - (c) Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1990 Cat. No. Fs 97-4/0000E ISSN 0706-6473 Correct citation for this publication: Thomas, G. (Editor). 1990. Shellfish Stock Assessments for the West Coast of Canada in 1990. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2099: vi + 307p. - Table of Contents Abstract vi Introduction 1 I. POSITION PAPERS NET FISHERIES 1. Results of the 1990 Shrimp Survey 5 J. Boutillier 2. Euphausiid Fishery Review Regarding Potential Expansion Concerns 18 G. Jamieson TRAP FISHERIES 3. Crab Trap Escape Ports 40 G. Jamieson, et al. DIVING FISHERIES 4. Review of the Biological Basis for Management of the British Columbia Abalone Fishery 41 S. Farlinger 5. Abalone Resurvey in the Southeast Queen Charlotte Islands in 1990 66 G. Thomas and S. Farlinger 6. A Review of Geoduck Quotas and Their Derivation 83 S. Farlinger, R. Harbo and K. Hobbs 7. Growth and Size at Maturity of the Horseclam Tresus nutallii (Conrad) in Southern British Columbia 85 A. Campbell, N. Boume and W. Carolsfeld 8. Size Structure of Purple Sea Urchins, Stronqylocentrotus purpuratus, in Southern British Columbia 105 A. Campbell - iv - INTERTIDAL FISHERIES 9. A Preliminary Report of an Intertidal Clam Survey in the North Coast District - 1990 120 N. Boume and G. Cawdell 10. Development of a Clam Farming Policy for the Pacific Region of DFO 162 N. Boume and F. Dickson 11. Climatic Change and the Intertidal: Physical and Biological Influences on Species Composition, Abundance and Recruitment Patterns 182 D. Noakes and G. Jamieson II. FISHERY UPDATES NET FISHERIES 1. Shrimp By Trawl Fishery 199 K. Lynn Yamanaka 2. Plankton Fishery 208 J. Fulton 3. Squid Fishery 210 R. Harbo TRAP FISHERIES 4. Prawn Trap Fishery 213 B. Adkins and J. Fulton 5. Dungeness Crab (and Tanner Crab) Fishery 220 G. Jamieson DIVING FISHERIES 6. Geoduck Fishery 223 R. Harbo 7. Horseclam Fishery 245 R. Harbo 8. Red Urchin Fishery 251 R. Harbo - v - 9. Green Urchin Fishery 261 R. Harbo 10. Sea Cucumber Fishery 267 R. Harbo 11. Octopus Fishery 278 R. Harbo 12. Pink and Spiny Scallop Fishery 286 R. Harbo INTERTIDAL FISHERIES 13. Intertidal Clam Fishery 290 F. Dickson and K. Hobbs 14. Oyster Fishery 298 N. Boume 15. Gooseneck Barnacle Fishery 301 R. Harbo vi - ABSTRACT Thomas, G. (Editor). 1990. Shellfish Stock Assessments for the West Coast of Canada in 1990. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2099:vi + 307p. This manuscript contains shellfish management advice for the Pacific Region in 1990, provided in the form of position papers and fishery updates by the Shellfish Subcommittee of the Pacific Stock Assessment Review Committee. Position papers contain recommendations to management and were subject to scientific review, while fishery updates summarize recent progress in species fisheries. Management advice is provided for intertidal clams, geoduck (Panope generosa), abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana), shrimp (Pandalus iordani), euphausiids, and purple urchin (Stronqylocentrotuspurpuratus). Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) , and horseclam (Tresus sp.) papers were published elsewhere. Reviews are provided for ten major and six minor shellfish fisheries. RESUME Thomas, G. (Editor). 1990. Shellfish Stock Assessments for the West Coast of Canada in 1990. Can. MS Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2099:vi + 307p. Ce document presente des conseils pour la gestion des mollusques et crustaces dans la Region du Pacifique pour 1990. Il contient des exposes de principes et des mises a jour sur la situation des peches fournis par le sous-comite des mollusques et crustaces du Comite d'examen de l'evaluation des stocks du Pacifique. Les exposes de principes contiennent des recommandations destinees aux gestionnaires, recommandations qui ont ete soumises a un examen scientifique, tandis que les mises a jour font etat des developpements recents dans les differentes peches. Les recommandations aux gestionnaires portent sur les especes suivantes : myes intertidales, geoducks (Panope crenerosa), (Haliotis kamtschatkana), crevette (Pandalus iordani), ormeau euphausiaces et oursin violet (Stronqylocentrotus purpuratus). Des articles sur le crabe dormeur (Cancer magister) et les horse clams (Tresus sp.) ont ete publies ailleurs. Des donnees sur dix especes largement pechees et sur six especes moins exploitees de mollusques et crustaces sont presentees. Introduction This manuscript contains reports presented at the 1990 meeting of the Shellfish Subcommittee of the Pacific Stock Assessment Review Committee (PSARC), August 28 and 29. Presentations, in the form of Working Papers and Fishery Updates, were made by representatives of Science Branch and Fisheries Branch, and a representative of the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Province of British Columbia. Working Papers describe the results of current invertebrate research and contain recommendations for fisheries management. Fisheries Updates review the status of shellfish fisheries and detail catch statistics. Recommendations for management issuing from the stock assessments are ratified by the Regional Management Executive