SUMMARY and FUTURE WORK Not Constitute Type Material Because Gill’S (1863) Descrip- Tion Was Clearly Based on a Single Specimen
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Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galápagos
THE FESTIVUS ISSN 0738-9388 A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume XXIX December 4, 1997 Supplement The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galapagos Kirstie L. Kaiser Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page i THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE FAUNA OF THE ISLAS GALApAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA 4 December 1997 SiL jo Cover: Adapted from a painting by John Chancellor - H.M.S. Beagle in the Galapagos. “This reproduction is gifi from a Fine Art Limited Edition published by Alexander Gallery Publications Limited, Bristol, England.” Anon, QU Lf a - ‘S” / ^ ^ 1 Vol. XXIX Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 1 DISCUSSION 2 RESULTS 2 Table 1: Deep-Water Species 3 Table 2: Additions to the verified species list of Finet (1994b) 4 Table 3: Species listed as endemic by Finet (1994b) which are no longer restricted to the Galapagos .... 6 Table 4: Summary of annotated checklist of Galapagan mollusks 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 6 LITERATURE CITED 7 APPENDIX 1: ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF GALAPAGAN MOLLUSKS 17 APPENDIX 2: REJECTED SPECIES 47 INDEX TO TAXA 57 Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page 1 THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE EAUNA OE THE ISLAS GALAPAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER' Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Introduction marine mollusks (Appendix 2). The first list includes The marine mollusks of the Galapagos are of additional earlier citations, recent reported citings, interest to those who study eastern Pacific mollusks, taxonomic changes and confirmations of 31 species particularly because the Archipelago is far enough from previously listed as doubtful. -
BIO 221 Invertebrate Zoology I Spring 2010
BIO 221 Invertebrate Zoology I Spring 2010 Stephen M. Shuster Northern Arizona University http://www4.nau.edu/isopod Lecture 10 From Collins et al. 2006 From Collins et al. 2006 1 Cnidarian Classes Hydrozoa Scyphozoa Medusozoa Cubozoa Stauromedusae Anthozoa Class Hydrozoa 1.Includes over 2,700 species, many freshwater. 2. Generally thought to be most ancestral, but recent DNA evidence suggests this may not be so. Class Hydrozoa Trachyline Hydrozoa seem most ancestral – within the Hydrozoa. 1. seem to have mainly medusoid life stage 2. character (1): assumption of metagenesis 2 Class Hydrozoa Trachyline Hydrozoa seem most ancestral. 1. seem to have mainly medusoid life stage 2. character (1): assumption of metagenesis Class Hydrozoa Other autapomorphies (see lab manual): i. 4 rayed symmetry. ii. ectodermal gonads iii. medusae with velum. iv. no gastric septa v. external skeleton if present. vi. no stomadaeum vii. freshwater or marine habitats. Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 1. Order Trachylina - reduced polyps, probably polyphyletic . Voragonema pedunculata, collected by submersible at about 2700' deep in the Bahamas. 3 Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 2. Order Hydroida - the "seaweeds.“ a. Suborder Anthomedusae - also Athecata, Aplanulata, Capitata. b. Suborder Leptomedusae - also Thecata Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 3. Order Miliporina - fire corals. 4. Order Stylasterina - similar to fire corals; hold medusae. 4 Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 5. Order Siphonophora - floating colonies of polyps and medusae. Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 6. Order Chondrophora - floating colonies of polyps Class Hydrozoa - 7 Orders 7. Order Actinulida (Aplanulata)- solitary polyps, no medusae, no planulae 5 Order Trachylina Trachymedusae includes Lirope a. resemble the medusae of Gonionemus, 1. -
Of Golfo Dulce, on the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica 2.5 1994
Rev. Diol. Trop. 46. Supl. 6: 263-270, 19911 www.ucr.K.I:I' SIIORTNOTE Preliminary check-list of the marine, shelled gastropods (Mollusca) of Golfo Dulce, on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica Tore Hoisa:ter University or Dergen. Department of Fishcr�s and Marine Biology. ltoytekTlOlogi5Cnten:l.N·5020 Oergen. Norway. E.mail:.ton:[email protected] (Re<:. 10-)(11-97. Rey. 26·111·911. Acep. II·XI-911) Abslrfltl: Based on partly l'O'orked up material from three brief eolleetinll eJCcursions to the peninsular sOOn: of Oolfo Dulce, 252 species of $hclled gastropods, mostly prosobranehs and pyramidcllids. h.a,·e bc-c:n identified. This being the first n:pon on intenidal and shallow water gastropods from Ihe gulf, the list may be taken as a preliminary check list of this fauna clement from Golfo Dulce. Only parlly soned material from IV.o additional trips to the gnlf contains It leasllOO addilional5pec�s nOI yet identified. Key ....or4.: Shelled �� mollusks, che" list, Golfo Dulce. The benthic fauna of Golfo Dulce is known Only the material from t!.c two first years mainly from the results from the samples have been worked up so far. Out of a total of taken during the RN Victor Hensen (1993- 61 samples in all of Costa Rica. 20 separate 1994) expedition to the Pacific coasl ofCosla collections of gastropods were taken, all of Rica. The mollusks from that expedition has them from the SW shore of the Golfo Dulce. been reponed on byCruz (1996). The samples were all taken by beam trawl, mesh size 2.5 Localities. -
Proposal for a Revised Classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera) Christine Morrow1 and Paco Cárdenas2,3*
Morrow and Cárdenas Frontiers in Zoology (2015) 12:7 DOI 10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8 DEBATE Open Access Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera) Christine Morrow1 and Paco Cárdenas2,3* Abstract Background: Demospongiae is the largest sponge class including 81% of all living sponges with nearly 7,000 species worldwide. Systema Porifera (2002) was the result of a large international collaboration to update the Demospongiae higher taxa classification, essentially based on morphological data. Since then, an increasing number of molecular phylogenetic studies have considerably shaken this taxonomic framework, with numerous polyphyletic groups revealed or confirmed and new clades discovered. And yet, despite a few taxonomical changes, the overall framework of the Systema Porifera classification still stands and is used as it is by the scientific community. This has led to a widening phylogeny/classification gap which creates biases and inconsistencies for the many end-users of this classification and ultimately impedes our understanding of today’s marine ecosystems and evolutionary processes. In an attempt to bridge this phylogeny/classification gap, we propose to officially revise the higher taxa Demospongiae classification. Discussion: We propose a revision of the Demospongiae higher taxa classification, essentially based on molecular data of the last ten years. We recommend the use of three subclasses: Verongimorpha, Keratosa and Heteroscleromorpha. We retain seven (Agelasida, Chondrosiida, Dendroceratida, Dictyoceratida, Haplosclerida, Poecilosclerida, Verongiida) of the 13 orders from Systema Porifera. We recommend the abandonment of five order names (Hadromerida, Halichondrida, Halisarcida, lithistids, Verticillitida) and resurrect or upgrade six order names (Axinellida, Merliida, Spongillida, Sphaerocladina, Suberitida, Tetractinellida). Finally, we create seven new orders (Bubarida, Desmacellida, Polymastiida, Scopalinida, Clionaida, Tethyida, Trachycladida). -
Mollusks of Manuel Antonio National Park, Pacific Costa Rica
Rev. Biol. Trop. 49. Supl. 2: 25-36, 2001 www.rbt.ac.cr, www.ucr.ac.cr Mollusks of Manuel Antonio National Park, Pacific Costa Rica Samuel Willis 1 and Jorge Cortés 2-3 1140 East Middle Street, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, USA. 2Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica. FAX: (506) 207-3280. E-mail: [email protected] 3Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica. (Received 14-VII-2000. Corrected 23-III-2001. Accepted 11-V-2001) Abstract: The mollusks in Manuel Antonio National Park on the central section of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica were studied along thirty-six transects done perpendicular to the shore, and by random sampling of subtidal environments, beaches and mangrove forest. Seventy-four species of mollusks belonging to three classes and 40 families were found: 63 gastropods, 9 bivalves and 2 chitons, during this study in 1995. Of these, 16 species were found only as empty shells (11) or inhabited by hermit crabs (5). Forty-eight species were found at only one locality. Half the species were found at one site, Puerto Escondido. The most diverse habitat was the low rocky intertidal zone. Nodilittorina modesta was present in 34 transects and Nerita scabricosta in 30. Nodilittorina aspera had the highest density of mollusks in the transects. Only four transects did not clustered into the four main groups. The species composition of one cluster of transects is associated with a boulder substrate, while another cluster of transects associates with site. -
Population Structures and Levels of Connectivity for Scyphozoan and Cubozoan Jellyfish
diversity Review Population Structures and Levels of Connectivity for Scyphozoan and Cubozoan Jellyfish Michael J. Kingsford * , Jodie A. Schlaefer and Scott J. Morrissey Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; [email protected] (J.A.S.); [email protected] (S.J.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Understanding the hierarchy of populations from the scale of metapopulations to mesopop- ulations and member local populations is fundamental to understanding the population dynamics of any species. Jellyfish by definition are planktonic and it would be assumed that connectivity would be high among local populations, and that populations would minimally vary in both ecological and genetic clade-level differences over broad spatial scales (i.e., hundreds to thousands of km). Although data exists on the connectivity of scyphozoan jellyfish, there are few data on cubozoans. Cubozoans are capable swimmers and have more complex and sophisticated visual abilities than scyphozoans. We predict, therefore, that cubozoans have the potential to have finer spatial scale differences in population structure than their relatives, the scyphozoans. Here we review the data available on the population structures of scyphozoans and what is known about cubozoans. The evidence from realized connectivity and estimates of potential connectivity for scyphozoans indicates the following. Some jellyfish taxa have a large metapopulation and very large stocks (>1000 s of km), while others have clade-level differences on the scale of tens of km. Data on distributions, genetics of medusa and Citation: Kingsford, M.J.; Schlaefer, polyps, statolith shape, elemental chemistry of statoliths and biophysical modelling of connectivity J.A.; Morrissey, S.J. -
166, December 2016
PSAMMONALIA The Newsletter of the International Association of Meiobenthologists Number 166, December 2016 Composed and Printed at: Lab. Of Biodiversity Dept. Of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni–ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea. Remembering the good times. Season’s Greetings, and Happy New Year! (2017) DONT FORGET TO RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP IN IAM! THE APPLICATION CAN BE FOUND AT: http://www.meiofauna.org/appform.html This newsletter is mailed electronically. Paper copies will be sent only upon request This Newsletter is not part of the scientific literature for taxonomic purposes 1 The International Association of Meiobenthologists Executive Committee Vadim Mokievsky P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairperson 36 Nakhimovskiy Prospect, 117218 Moscow, Russia [[email protected]] Wonchoel Lee Lab. of Biodiversity, (#505), Department of Life Science, Past Chairperson College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University. [[email protected]] Ann Vanreusel Ghent University, Biology Department, Marine Biology Section, Gent, Treasurer B-9000, Belgium [[email protected]] Jyotsna Sharma Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Asistant Treasurer TX 78249-0661, USA [[email protected]] Hanan Mitwally Faculty of Science, Oceanography, University of Alexandria, (Term expires 2019) Moharram Bay, 21151, Egypt. [[email protected]] Gustavo Fonseca Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Av. AlmZ Saldanha (Term expires 2019) da Gama 89, 11030-400 Santos, Brazil. [[email protected]] Daniel Leduc National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, (Term expires 2022) Private Bag 14-901, Wellington, New Zealand [[email protected]] Nabil Majdi Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, (Term expires 2022) Germany [[email protected]] Ex-Officio Executive Committee (Past Chairpersons) 1966-67 Robert Higgins (Founding Editor) 1987-89 John Fleeger 1968-69 W. -
Redalyc.Lista Sistemática De Los Moluscos Marinos Y Estuarinos Del
Comunicaciones de la Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay ISSN: 0037-8607 [email protected] Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay Uruguay Clavijo, Cristhian; Scarabino, Fabrizio; Rojas, Alejandra; Martínez, Sergio Lista sistemática de los moluscos marinos y estuarinos del cuaternario de Uruguay Comunicaciones de la Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay, vol. 9, núm. 88, 2005, pp. 381-411 Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay Montevideo, Uruguay Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=52408804 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Comunicaciones de la Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay ISSN 0037- 8607 9 (88): 381 – 411. 2005 LISTA SISTEMÁTICA DE LOS MOLUSCOS MARINOS Y ESTUARINOS DEL CUATERNARIO DE URUGUAY Cristhian Clavijo § , Fabrizio Scarabino § , Alejandra Rojas * & Sergio Martínez * R ESUMEN Hasta el momento han sido citadas 142 especies de moluscos marinos y estuarinos para el Cuaternario de Uruguay. Esta fauna está compuesta taxonómicamente de la siguiente forma: Polyplacophora (2 especies), Scaphopoda (1), Gastropoda (66) y Bivalvia (73). PALABRAS CLAVE: Holoceno, Pleistoceno, Polyplacophora, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Atlántico Sudoccidental. A BSTRACT Systematic list of the marine and estuarine molluscs from the Quaternary of Uruguay. Until now 142 species of marine and estuarine molluscs have been recorded from the Quaternary of Uruguay. This fauna is taxonomically composed as follows: Polyplacophora (2 species), Scaphopoda (1), Gastropoda (66) and Bivalvia (73). KEY WORDS: Holocene, Pleistocene, Polyplacophora, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Southwestern Atlantic. INTRODUCCIÓN pobremente estudiados, constituyendo un particular ejemplo de los desafíos a superar. -
Use of Antifouling Paints on Ship Hulls Over Past Four Decades and Consequent Imposex: a Review
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438 Use of Antifouling Paints on Ship Hulls over Past Four Decades and Consequent Imposex: A Review Nuzhat Afsar Assistant Professor, Institute of Marine Science, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan Abstract: Review provides the historic stance, general overview of gastropod populations being served as biosensors and developments in imposex detection. Typically muricoid species belonging to genus Nucella and Thais have been found to be good bioindicators globally. Although up to seven (7) imposex developmental stages have been described based on organotin accumulation by an organism and resultant morphological expression (penis and vas deferens development in females) due to endocrine disruption and steroidal imbalance. From Pakistan phenomenon of imposex has been described in nine (9) species of meso and neogasrtropods. Imposex stages 1-4 and 4+ have been found in examined muricids, bursid and buccinid species which revealed the moderate contamination effects on gastropod populations found along the Pakistan coast. Some archaeogastropods from Japan and Pakistan have also been tested respectively for reproductive fitness due to possible contamination effects. Keywords: shipping traffic, antifouling paints, gastropods, endocrine disruption 1. Introduction The application of TBT based antifouling paints was banned in the late 1980s in many countries. Legislation The phenomenon of imposex in gastropod species is have been implemented to restrict the use of TBT in anti globally recognized as a cheap, easily applied biological fouling paints [15-16] then finally a global ban on the use indicator test and marine gastropod species being served as of TBT from 2003 to 2008 was imposed by the biosensors have provided a guideline in assigning International Maritime Organization (IMO) to restrict and priorities for more rigorous chemical analysis and to remove all existing coatings from ship hulls [17]. -
Review Article Macroscopic Modelling of Environmental Influence on Growth and Form of Sponges and Corals Using the Accretive Growth Model
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Macroscopic modelling of environmental influence on growth and form of sponges and corals using the accretive growth model Kaandorp, J.A. DOI 10.1155/2013/159170 Publication date 2013 Document Version Final published version Published in ISRN Biomathematics Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Kaandorp, J. A. (2013). Macroscopic modelling of environmental influence on growth and form of sponges and corals using the accretive growth model. ISRN Biomathematics, 2013, 159170. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/159170 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:27 Sep 2021 Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Biomathematics Volume 2013, Article ID 159170, 14 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/159170 Review Article Macroscopic Modelling of Environmental Influence on Growth and Form of Sponges and Corals Using the Accretive Growth Model Jaap A. -
Systematics and Phylogenetic Species Delimitation Within Polinices S.L. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) Based on Molecular Data and Shell Morphology
Org Divers Evol (2012) 12:349–375 DOI 10.1007/s13127-012-0111-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology Thomas Huelsken & Daniel Tapken & Tim Dahlmann & Heike Wägele & Cynthia Riginos & Michael Hollmann Received: 13 April 2011 /Accepted: 10 September 2012 /Published online: 19 October 2012 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2012 Abstract Here, we present the first phylogenetic analysis of callus) to be informative, while many characters show a a group of species taxonomically assigned to Polinices high degree of homoplasy (e.g. umbilicus, shell form). sensu latu (Naticidae, Gastropoda) based on molecular data Among the species arranged in the genus Polinices s.s., four sets. Polinices s.l. represents a speciose group of the infau- conchologically very similar taxa often subsumed under the nal gastropod family Naticidae, including species that have common Indo-Pacific species P. mammilla are separated often been assigned to subgenera of Polinices [e.g. P. distinctly in phylogenetic analyses. Despite their striking (Neverita), P. (Euspira), P.(Conuber) and P. (Mammilla)] conchological similarities, none of these four taxa are relat- based on conchological data. The results of our molecular ed directly to each other. Additional conchological analyses phylogenetic analysis confirm the validity of five genera, of available name-bearing type specimens and type figures Conuber, Polinices, Mammilla, Euspira and Neverita, in- reveal the four “mammilla”-like white Polinices species to cluding four that have been used previously mainly as sub- include true P. mammilla and three additional species, which genera of Polinices s.l.