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Mollusks of Manuel Antonio National Park, Pacific Costa Rica

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Rev. Biol. Trop. 49. Supl. 2: 25-36, 2001 www.rbt.ac.cr, www.ucr.ac.cr Mollusks of Manuel Antonio National Park, Pacific Costa Rica Samuel Willis 1 and Jorge Cortés 2-3 1140 East Middle Street, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, USA. 2Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica. FAX: (506) 207-3280. E-mail: [email protected] 3Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica. (Received 14-VII-2000. Corrected 23-III-2001. Accepted 11-V-2001) Abstract: The mollusks in Manuel Antonio National Park on the central section of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica were studied along thirty-six transects done perpendicular to the shore, and by random sampling of subtidal environments, beaches and mangrove forest. Seventy-four species of mollusks belonging to three classes and 40 families were found: 63 gastropods, 9 bivalves and 2 chitons, during this study in 1995. Of these, 16 species were found only as empty shells (11) or inhabited by hermit crabs (5). Forty-eight species were found at only one locality. Half the species were found at one site, Puerto Escondido. The most diverse habitat was the low rocky intertidal zone. Nodilittorina modesta was present in 34 transects and Nerita scabricosta in 30. Nodilittorina aspera had the highest density of mollusks in the transects. Only four transects did not clustered into the four main groups. The species composition of one cluster of transects is associated with a boulder substrate, while another cluster of transects associates with site. Two clusters were not associated to any of the factors recorded. Some species were present in previous studies but absent in 1995, while others were absent in the previous studies but found in 1995. For example, Siphonaria gigas was present in 1995 in many transects with a relatively high density, but absent in 1962, probably due to human predation before the establishment of the park. Including this study, a total of 97 species of mollusks in three classes and 45 families have been reported from Manuel Antonio National Park. Sixty-nine species are new reports for the area: 53 gastropods, 14 bivalves and 2 chitons. There are probably more species of mollusks at Manuel Antonio National Park, than the 97 reported here, because some areas have not been adequately sampled (e.g., deep environments) and many micro-mollusks could not be identified. Key words: Mollusks, intertidal zone, Costa Rica, Pacific, biodiversity. Manuel Antonio National Park is a hectares of marine area and 12 small islands Protected Area with marine environments on located a short distance from the shore. The the central Pacific coast of Costa Rica. The area experiences a dry season from December park was established 15 November, 1972 to April with a rainy season from May to (Boza 1992), and it is located about 7 km November. Tides are semidiurnal, with a tidal southeast of Quepos on the central Pacific range of around 3.5 m. coast of Costa Rica (Fig. 1). The 682 hectares Three papers have been published with of terrestrial park border the ocean along 5 km information on the mollusks of Manuel of coastline. The park also includes 55 000 Antonio and nearby areas. Bakus (1968) 26 REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL Fig. 1. Location of Manuel Antonio National Park central Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Transects and other sampling sites (see Tables 1 and 2) are indicated. reported the presence of ten species, nine separate the micro-mollusks. The mangrove gastropods and one bivalve, consisting mainly forests, the beaches and the rocky subtidal of collections of shells from the beach. Cate zone were visited several times to collect (1969) reported three species of cowries. shells and the mollusks themselves. Specimens Finally, Dexter (1974), in her study of the larger than 10 cm were not collected and notes beach fauna, reported the presence of four were used to identify them. Identification of species of mollusks, one bivalve and three the mollusks was based on Keen (1971) and gastropods. Dance (1976), following the names proposed In this paper we present data on distribution by Skoglund (1991, 1992). Some voucher and density of mollusks at Manuel Antonio specimens were deposited at the Museo de National Park and compare it with the Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de previous studies. We also include a list of Costa Rica. The information collected was mollusks from Manuel Antonio present in the compared with the previous studies in the area collection of the Museo de Zoología, Escuela done by Bakus (1968), Cate (1969) and Dexter de Biolo-gía, Universidad de Costa Rica. (1974). Finally, the mollusks of Manuel Antonio at the Museo de Zoología, Univer- MATERIALS AND METHODS sidad de Costa Rica are included to complete the list. Mollusks were qualitatively sampled in The mollusks of the park were also studied April and May 1995 from different habitats along 36 transects placed throughout the rocky within Manuel Antonio National Park, and shores, where possible (Fig. 1). Transects were quantitatively along 36 transects, perpendic- perpendicular to the shoreline extending from ular to the shoreline, of variable length. The the lower intertidal to the upper tidal zone. transects were separated 25 m. Sand (approxi- Along each transect contiguous 0.25 m2 mately 100 g) was collected from the beach (3 quadrats were placed. Within each quadrat the samples), and from 3 and 10 m depth, one mollusk species present were recorded along sample from each depth (Fig. 1), and sieved to with their densities. Other data collected was ECOSISTEMAS ACUATICOS DE COSTA RICA II 27 TABLE 1 Mollusks found at Manuel Antonio National Park Site Habitat Other Class POLYPLACOPHORA Family CHITONIDAE Chiton virgulatus Sowerby, 1840 a, b, c A Family ISCHNOCHITONIDAE Lepidozona flavida (Thiele, 1910) a, b, c A Class BIVALVIA Family ARCIDAE Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby, 1833) d D Family MYTILIDAE Brachidontes adamsianus (Dunker, 1857) a, b, c A, B, C Family PTERIIDAE Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856) c @ Family CARDITIDAE Cardites laticostata (Sowerby, 1833) a @ Carditamera affinis Sowerby, 1833 a, c A, B Family LUCINIDAE Ctena (Ctena) galapagana (Dall, 1901) a E (3 m) Family CHAMIDAE Chama (Chama) echinata Broderip, 1835 a, b, c A, B Chama (Chama) corallina Olsson, 1971 f (10 m) Family CARDIIDAE Acrosterigma pristipleura (Dall, 1901) f (10 m) F Class GASTROPODA Family LOTTIIDAE Lottia mesoleuca (Menke, 1851) a, b, c A, B Lottia stipulata (Reeve, 1855) a @ Family FISSURELLIDAE Diodora inaequalis (Sowerby, 1835) c @ Fissurella virescens Sowerby, 1835 a, b, c A Fissurella longifissa Sowerby, 1863 a, b, c A Fissurella rugosa Sowerby, 1835 c @ Family TURBINIDAE Arene (Arena) stellata McLean, 1970 g G § Arene sp. g G § Otollonia fricki (Crosse, 1865) g G § Family TROCHIDAE Tegula pelliserpentis (Wood, 1828) a, b A Tegula verrucosa McLean, 1970 c ƒ Tegula panamensis (Philippi, 1849) b A R Family NERITIDAE Nerita scabricosta Lamarck, 1822 a, b, c A Nerita funiculata Menke, 1851 b, c A, B Theodoxus luteofasciatus (Miller, 1879) d D Family LITTORINIDAE Nodilittorina aspera (Philippi, 1846) a, b, c B, C Nodilittorina modesta (Philippi, 1846) a, b, c A, B Family RISSOIDAE Rissoina allemani Bartsch, 1915 g G § Family VITRINELLIDAE Vitrinella sp. g G § Family TURRITELLIDAE Turritella leucostoma Valenciennes, 1832 e @ relative wave intensity, shade (light- dark) of 28 REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL Cont. TABLE 1 Site Habitat Other Family MODULIDAE Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846) g G § Family CERITHIIDAE Cerithium adustum Kiener, 1841 c ƒ Family PLANAXIDAE Planaxis planicostatus Sowerby, 1825 a, b, c A, B Family CERITHIDEIDAE Cerithidea montagnei (d’Orbigny, 1839) d D Cerithidea californica Haldeman, 1840 a @ Family HIPPONICIDAE Pilosabia pilosa (Deshayes, 1832) a E (3 m) Family NATICIDAE Polinices caprae (Philippi, 1852) f (10 m) Family CYPRAEIDAE Zonaria arabicula (Lamarck, 1811) a @ Family OVULIDAE Jenneria pustulata (Lightfoot, 1786) c @ Family TONNIDAE Malea ringens (Swainson, 1822) a E (3 m) Family RANELLIDAE Linatella wiegmanni (Anton, 1839) c ƒ Family BURSIDAE Bursa corrugata corrugata (Perry, 1811) b A Family CERITHIOPSIDAE Cerithiopsis sp. 1 g G § Cerithiopsis sp. 2 g G § Family TRIPHORIDAE Triphora sp. 1 g G § Triphora sp. 2 g G § Triphora sp. 3 g G § Family MURICIDAE Hexaplex princeps (Broderip, 1833) c E (1 m) Stronomita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1758) b B R Thais melones (Duclos, 1832) a, b, c A, B Thais muricata (Broderip, 1833) b A R Acanthais brevidentata (Wood, 1828) a, b, c A, B Cymia tecta (Wood, 1828) c B Plicopurpura patula pansa (Gould, 1853) a, b, c A Family BUCCINIDAE Cantharus sanguinolentus (Duclos, 1833) c A Family FASCIOLARIDAE Leucozonia cerata (Wood, 1828) c A Opeatostoma pseudodon (Burrow, 1815) a, c E (1 m) Family COLLUMBELLIDAE Columbella labiosa Sowerby, 1822 c A Columbella major Sowerby, 1832 c A Costoanachis boivini (Kiener, 1841) c A Costoanachis lentiginosa (Hinds, 1844) a B Family TURBINELLIDAE Vasum caestus (Broderip, 1833) a, f (3, 10 m) F, G Family TEREBRIDAE Hastula cinerea (Born, 1778) c ƒ Family TURRIDAE Pilsbryspira melchersi (Menke, 1851) c B R Family CONIDAE Conus princeps Linnaeus, 1758 c E (1m) the substrate, topographic variations, transect ECOSISTEMAS ACUATICOS DE COSTA RICA II 29 Cont. TABLE 1 Site Habitat Other Conus gladiator Broderip, 1833 c @ Conus purpurascens Sowerby, 1833 c @ Conus fergusoni Sowerby, 1873 f (10 m) F Conus patricius Hinds, 1843 f (3 m) F Conus nux Broderip, 1833 c A Family BULLIDAE Bulla punctulata Sowerby, 1850 a ƒ Family SIPHONARIIDAE Siphonaria gigas Sowerby, 1825 a, b, c A Siphonaria palmata Carpenter, 1857 a, b, c A Sites (Fig. 1): a = Rocky zone between Playa Manuel Antonio and Playitas Gemelas; b = Punta Catedral; c = Puerto Escondido; d = Mangrove; e = Playa Espadilla; f = Isla Olocuita (depth of collection); g = playa Manuel Antonio.
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    ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: PATTERNS IN DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC MOLLUSCS ALONG A DEPTH GRADIENT IN THE BAHAMAS Michael Joseph Dowgiallo, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation directed by: Professor Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Department of Biology, UMCP Species richness and abundance of benthic bivalve and gastropod molluscs was determined over a depth gradient of 5 - 244 m at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas by deploying replicate benthic collectors at five sites at 5 m, 14 m, 46 m, 153 m, and 244 m for six months beginning in December 1993. A total of 773 individual molluscs comprising at least 72 taxa were retrieved from the collectors. Analysis of the molluscan fauna that colonized the collectors showed overwhelmingly higher abundance and diversity at the 5 m, 14 m, and 46 m sites as compared to the deeper sites at 153 m and 244 m. Irradiance, temperature, and habitat heterogeneity all declined with depth, coincident with declines in the abundance and diversity of the molluscs. Herbivorous modes of feeding predominated (52%) and carnivorous modes of feeding were common (44%) over the range of depths studied at Lee Stocking Island, but mode of feeding did not change significantly over depth. One bivalve and one gastropod species showed a significant decline in body size with increasing depth. Analysis of data for 960 species of gastropod molluscs from the Western Atlantic Gastropod Database of the Academy of Natural Sciences (ANS) that have ranges including the Bahamas showed a positive correlation between body size of species of gastropods and their geographic ranges. There was also a positive correlation between depth range and the size of the geographic range.
  • Structure of Molluscan Communities in Shallow Subtidal Rocky Bottoms of Acapulco, Mexico

    Structure of Molluscan Communities in Shallow Subtidal Rocky Bottoms of Acapulco, Mexico

    Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2019) 43: 465-479 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1810-2 Structure of molluscan communities in shallow subtidal rocky bottoms of Acapulco, Mexico 1 1 2, José Gabriel KUK DZUL , Jesús Guadalupe PADILLA SERRATO , Carmina TORREBLANCA RAMÍREZ *, 2 2 2 Rafael FLORES GARZA , Pedro FLORES RODRÍGUEZ , Ximena Itzamara MUÑIZ SÁNCHEZ 1 Cátedras CONACYT-Marine Ecology Faculty, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Fraccionamiento Las Playas, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico 2 Marine Ecology Faculty, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Fraccionamiento Las Playas, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico Received: 02.10.2018 Accepted/Published Online: 10.07.2019 Final Version: 02.09.2019 Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the structure of molluscan communities in shallow subtidal rocky bottoms of Acapulco, Mexico. Thirteen samplings were performed at 8 stations in 2012 (seven samplings), 2014 (four), and 2015 (two). The collection of the mollusks in each station was done at a maximum depth of 5 m for 1 h by 3 divers. A total of 2086 specimens belonging to 89 species, 36 families, and 3 classes of mollusks were identified. Gastropoda was the most diverse and abundant group. Calyptreaidae, Columbellidae, and Muricidae had >5 species, but Pisaniidae, Conidae, Fasciolariidae, and Muricidae had ≥15% of relative abundance. Most species found in this study were recorded in the rocky intertidal zone, and 10 species were restricted to the rocky subtidal zone. The affinity in the composition of the species during 2012–2015 had a low similarity (25%), but we could differentiate natural and anthropogenic effects according to malacological composition.
  • 12 - October 2009 the Note from CONE the Editor

    12 - October 2009 the Note from CONE the Editor

    THE CONE COLLECTOR #12 - October 2009 THE Note from CONE the editor COLLECTOR It is always a renewed pleasure to put together another issue of Th e Cone Collector. Th anks to many contributors, we have managed so far to stick to the set schedule – André’s eff orts are greatly to be Editor praised, because he really does a great graphic job from the raw ma- António Monteiro terial I send him – and, I hope, to present in each issue a wide array of articles that may interest our many readers. Remember we aim Layout to present something for everybody, from beginners in the ways of André Poremski Cone collecting to advanced collectors and even professional mala- cologists! Contributors Randy Allamand In the following pages you will fi nd the most recent news concern- Kathleen Cecala ing new publications, new taxa, rare species, interesting or outstand- Ashley Chadwick ing fi ndings, and many other articles on every aspect of the study Paul Kersten and collection of Cones (and their relationship to Mankind), as well Gavin Malcolm as the ever popular section “Who’s Who in Cones” that helps to get Baldomero Olivera Toto Olivera to know one another better! Alexander Medvedev Donald Moody You will also fi nd a number of comments, additions and corrections Philippe Quiquandon to our previous issue. Keep them coming! Th ese comments are al- Jon Singleton ways extremely useful to everybody. Don’t forget that Th e Cone Col- lector is a good place to ask any questions you may have concerning the identifi cation of any doubtful specimens in your collections, as everybody is always willing to express an opinion.