Date of Creation”, You Will Receive 13 Million Hits from Every Nation Under Heaven

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Date of Creation”, You Will Receive 13 Million Hits from Every Nation Under Heaven CODE 166 CODE 196 CODE 228 CODE 243 CODE 251 CODE 294 CODE 427 CODE 490 CODE 590 CODE 666 CODE 01010 CODE 1260 CODE1447 CODE 1900 CODE 1975 CODE 2300 CODE 6000 CODE 144000 THE LAST YEAR OF CHAOS BEFORE ADAM – 3957 BC (Beginning 177 days – 6 Months before Adam) by Floyd R. Cox Revised 1-13-2016 If you Google for “date of creation”, you will receive 13 million hits from every nation under heaven. Far too many to read, and every person seems to have their own personal view on the subject. One says, “I think that, during the seven days of creation, God buried dinosaur bones just to test our faith in the King James Bible.” Another says, “I think the 7 days were 1000 years each or 7000 years each.” This would mean the plants created and blossomed in the third day did not have bees to pollinate them until the fifth day, 2,000 years or 14,000 years later. None of them seem able to take the seven days literally. Why is that? f-r-c [email protected] The text says that “in the beginning” the heavens and earth were created and somehow http://code251.com/ became in need of light, and there was light on the first day. Then it speaks of creating a calendar on the fourth day. A calendar depends upon having the sun, moon and stars in certain positions, PARADIGM SHIFTS and it is likely that the moon, on the fourth day, was in conjunction (between the sun and earth) on the fourth day because Adam was created on the sixth day, when he could see the first slither Myths About of the moon on the first day of the seventh month, on Tishri 1). Maimonides, in his Mishneh The Three Temples Torah, says Adam was created on Friday, the sixth day of creation week, on the first day of the Numbers Unveiled in Tishri (Rosh Hashana), and the five previous days were during the last year of chaos. Dreams and Visions Another clue is from Josephus, the first century Levite historian that Herod captured Jews Preserved Jerusalem in 37 BC, in a sabbatical year (Antiquities, 15.1.16 {475}). This would mean that the the Oracles? period from creation to 37 BC should be divisible by seven or 49 as in TABLE 1: Date of Creation Age of the Universe TABLE 1. Time Pattern Between 3957 and 37 BC Samaritan Code From To Years Hebrew Roots Myopia 3957 BC (Correction of Creation Date) 37 BC 3920 (80 jubilees) First Century 3761 BC (rabbinical Creation) 37 BC 3724 (4 jubilees x 19) "King of the North" 3761 BC 37 BC (196 19-year cycles) Introduction to 968 BC (temple) 37 BC 931 (19 jubilees) Code 251 968 BC 37 BC (49 19-year cycles) 968 BC 37 BC (1 jubilee x 19) Summary of Code 251 331 BC (Alexander’s sabbatical grant) 37 BC 294 (6 jubilees) Rabbi Code Hidden Feast Code It is known that something happened to destroy the dinosaurs. Perhaps a massive comet hit The Third Temple the earth’s surface down to its mantel and caused an awesome volcano to erupt and spew black Code dust clouds around the globe, which blocked out the sun and created a winter everywhere and killing all life. Three Views on Whatever it was, Genesis 1:1-2 says the world became “without form and void”, that is, in a Exodus state of darkness, death and complete chaos and covered by the sea. Before the years of chaos, the world produced grass and grain in the spring, in the beginning of the year, and fruit in the fall, at the end of the year. Archaeologists who examine the contents of stomachs buried with the bones have undoubtedly observed this. Animals were not all meat eaters. The Alpha & Omega of the Higher Realm became the High Priest who provided the bread and wine (Rev 22:13; I John 1:1-3). When was the last year of this world in chaos? Every scholar seems to have his or her own date, and none seem to agree. The Hebrew calendar says the seven days of creation began on Monday, October 7, 3761 BC, but they omitted 196 years (4 jubilees http://code251.com/6000- year-chart.pdf ). TABLE 1. Creation Calendar Year One After March 21 (the Spring Equinox) MARCH APRIL MAY S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1 2 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 JUNE JULY AUGUST S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 SEPTEMBER March 21 = Spring equinox & first lunar month coincide S M T W T F S September 6 = The first day of re-Creation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 September 11 = 7th new moon = First day of Adam, the era of A.M., After Man 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 (177 days, or 6 lunar months, after the spring equinox) 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 September 12 = First Sabbath. 17 18 29 30 31 September 20 = 10th of 7th new month = day of Atonement and jubilee (fall equinox) http://www.iranchamber.com/calendar/converter (Gregorian converter) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_calendars - Modifications_by_Parthians.2C_Ardashir_I (33-year calendar) SABBATICALS & JUBILEES Adam’s Flood much like Noah’s Flood Mystery of the The last year of chaos ended much like Noah’s flood ended. The waters descended until the Shemitah ground and grass appeared (Gen 1:2-10). Noah sent out doves to bring back signs of vegetation. Unconnected Finally, one brought back an olive leaf. Jubilee Cycles Next, the calendar was restored. The sun and moon were likely in conjunction (in Context of alignment) on the fourth day, and Adam and Eve likely observed the new moon during the Revelation evening of the sixth day of creation. NASA explains that the first slither of the new moon is Adventist Code 50 visible about two days after the earth, moon and sun are in conjunction. After the flood was removed, Adam was told to replenish or repopulate the earth (Gen Jewish Code 49 1:28) just as Noah was told to repopulate or replenish the earth in Genesis 9:1. Summary of Code 3957 BC begins a 19-year and 49-year cycles 490 Using the above calendar converters, year one after Adam (at least until Noah’s flood) Jubilee in 2022 would have begun with the new moon close to the spring equinox, March 21, 3957 BC and the AD? first fruits of the grain harvest would be during the next full moon. The "Last The years before and after 3957 BC could be labeled as follows: Jubilee"? MISCELLANEOUS 3957 BC, Year 7 begins in the spring and ends in the fall: the last year of chaos with a jubilee year TOPICS beginning in the fall of the seventh year (Lev 25:9). The Jubilee (year 1 of the next 49) would st begin a jubilee cycle (49 x 19) until Adam’s death in his 931 year. It would also start a 19-year Letters cycle (19 x 49) until Adam’s death in his 931st year (book of Jubilees). Myths 3957 BC would also start a 19-year cycle until the era of Nabonassar in 747 BC (19 x 169 = 3211 before 747 BC) (3957 BC – 747 BC = 3211 inclusive). Y-DNA & 3957 BC would also begin a 19-year cycle (19 x 169 = 4579) until 622 AD, the beginning of GENEALOGY Arab/Islamic calendar (3957 BC to 622 AD = 4579) (19 x 241 = 4579). Genetics 3950 Year 7 Sabbatical (19 x 10 before 3760 BC, the Jewish date of creation & its 19-year cycle). Y-DNA Littleberry Cox 3761 BC begins 19-year and 49-year cycles From Josephus, the famous Jewish historian, we learn that Herod captured Jerusalem in a sabbatical year, in 37 BC. This date should merge with the Jewish date of creation in 3761 BC, and it does. 3761 BC minus 37 BC equals 3724 (49 times 76). This period also equals 19 jubilees times 4 or 4 jubilees times 19. Therefore, a new Jewish calendar in 3761 BC would logically begin new cycles for the sabbaticals, jubilees and 19 years. This implies a motive for the Jews subtracting four jubilees (196 years) between 3957 BC and 3761 BC.
Recommended publications
  • Nebuchadnezzar, Cyrus, Alexander & Herod
    CODE 166 CODE 196 CODE 228 CODE 243 CODE 251 CODE 294 CODE 427 CODE 490 CODE 590 CODE 666 CODE 01010 CODE 1260 CODE1447 CODE 1900 CODE 1975 CODE 2300 CODE 6000 CODE 144000 49-year Pattern During Nebuchadnezzar, Cyrus, Alexander & Herod by FloydR. Cox (4/23/2021 Version) I revisited the 49-year pattern found during four empires: Babylon, Persia, Greece and http://code251.com/ Rome as found in the book of Daniel. Patterns tend to prove there is a Pattern-Maker. The Era of the Babylonian Empire Related Topics 1. In Daniel 2, Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon represented the “head of gold” of a great British Israelism Revisited image. Successive empires are represented by metals of lesser and lesser value than Ussher’s Jubilee gold: silver, brass and iron. The vision was in Nebuchadnezzar’s second year, in 604 in 1975 BC. Locating 251-year Patterns 2. In Daniel 4, Nebuchadnessar became like a beast for seven years (from 569 to 562 6000-Year Chart BC). 569 was 49 years before the second temple was founded in 520 BC, in the 2nd yr. (of Jubilees) of Darius II. Intelligent Design of the Ages Overview after Babylon Falls after 539 BC New Moons & Sabbaths are 3. In Daniel 7, in his first year, Belshazzar saw a vision of four beasts. A lion, bear, Foreshadows? leopard, and a beast with 10 horns and a little horn, which plucked up three of the first Timeline 6 BC to 70 AD horns. This leaves 8 horns (10-3=7 horns) (+1 horn).
    [Show full text]
  • Numerical Notation: a Comparative History
    This page intentionally left blank Numerical Notation Th is book is a cross-cultural reference volume of all attested numerical notation systems (graphic, nonphonetic systems for representing numbers), encompassing more than 100 such systems used over the past 5,500 years. Using a typology that defi es progressive, unilinear evolutionary models of change, Stephen Chrisomalis identifi es fi ve basic types of numerical notation systems, using a cultural phylo- genetic framework to show relationships between systems and to create a general theory of change in numerical systems. Numerical notation systems are prima- rily representational systems, not computational technologies. Cognitive factors that help explain how numerical systems change relate to general principles, such as conciseness and avoidance of ambiguity, which also apply to writing systems. Th e transformation and replacement of numerical notation systems relate to spe- cifi c social, economic, and technological changes, such as the development of the printing press and the expansion of the global world-system. Stephen Chrisomalis is an assistant professor of anthropology at Wayne State Uni- versity in Detroit, Michigan. He completed his Ph.D. at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, where he studied under the late Bruce Trigger. Chrisomalis’s work has appeared in journals including Antiquity, Cambridge Archaeological Jour- nal, and Cross-Cultural Research. He is the editor of the Stop: Toutes Directions project and the author of the academic weblog Glossographia. Numerical Notation A Comparative History Stephen Chrisomalis Wayne State University CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521878180 © Stephen Chrisomalis 2010 This publication is in copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • 316 Chronology: Timeline of Biblical World History Biblestudying.Net
    Chronology 316: Timeline of Biblical World History biblestudying.net Brian K. McPherson and Scott McPherson Copyright 2012 Period Five: The Destruction of the Temple to the Decree of Daniel 9 (Part 2) Biblical Considerations which May Indicate that the Secular Chronologies Aren’t Fully Accurate Using the standard chronology of this period and identifying Artaxerxes’ decree to Ezra would have Daniel 9:25’s 69 weeks of years begin in the year 458-457 BC. The same historical chronology would place the destruction of the Temple by the Babylonians in the year 586 BC. This means that, according to conventional chronologies, there was a total of 128 years between the desolation of Jerusalem and the Temple (in 586 BC) and the decree given to Ezra to restore and rebuild Jerusalem and its walls (in 458-457 BC.) However, earlier in our study we also learned that there may be some reason to conclude that prophet Ezekiel was noting the occurrence of a Jubilee year 14 years after destruction of the Temple (Ezekiel 40:1 and Leviticus 25.) Likewise, we learned that Daniel 9:25 indicates that the 69 weeks of years before the coming of the Messiah began with a grouping of 7 weeks of years. As Tim Warner has noted, Daniel 9:25’s grouping of 7 weeks of years may, in fact, refer to the jubilee cycle described in Leviticus 25. Yet, there is also a deliberate distinction between the first 7 Sabbatical cycles (49 years) and the remaining 62 Sabbatical cycles (434 years). Why? Scholars have struggled to explain this division.
    [Show full text]
  • THE HEBREW CALENDAR: a Mathematical Introduction
    THE HEBREW CALENDAR: A Mathematical Introduction Prepared by: JOHN A. KOSSEY Editor: HERMAN L. HOEH FIRST EDITION AMBASSADOR COLLEGE PRESS Pasadena, California 1971, 1974 Edition ----------###---------- PROGRAM I USING THE TIME UNITS OF THE HEBREW CALENDAR INTRODUCTION Why should YOU study the Hebrew calendar? One of the major identifying signs of the Church of God is the observance of the Sacred Festivals. As you study the twenty-third chapter of Leviticus, you will notice that God employed a calendar to indicate when each holy day must be properly kept during the year. The Jews were given the responsibility of preserving that calendar for the rest of the world. Since it is the responsibility of the Church to announce the time of each festival to the congregations, detailed understanding of the Hebrew calendar is not even necessary for a lay church member. When a holy day is to be kept is not for the individual Christian to decide. On the other hand, the education you are privileged to receive as an Ambassador College student equips you with a special depth of biblical understanding. Shallow or sketchy knowledge of basic background areas would lessen one's effectiveness. But working out the calendar principles yourself is going to widen your perspective. You already know that the holy days portray God's master plan of salvation for mankind. Shouldn't you also have a working knowledge of the very calendar which houses God's Sacred Festivals? This is why a study of the Hebrew calendar is included in Theological Research I-II. THE PURPOSE OF THESE LEARNING PROGRAMS Your study of the Hebrew calendar in this course has two major facets.
    [Show full text]
  • World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [And Student Guide]
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 462 784 EC 308 847 AUTHOR Schaap, Eileen, Ed.; Fresen, Sue, Ed. TITLE World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS). INSTITUTION Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptibnal Student Education. SPONS AGENCY Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services. PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 841p.; Course No. 2109310. Part of the Curriculum Improvement Project funded under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part B. AVAILABLE FROM Florida State Dept. of Education, Div. of Public Schools and Community Education, Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services, Turlington Bldg., Room 628, 325 West Gaines St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0400. Tel: 850-488-1879; Fax: 850-487-2679; e-mail: cicbisca.mail.doe.state.fl.us; Web site: http://www.leon.k12.fl.us/public/pass. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom - Learner (051) Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF05/PC34 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Academic Accommodations (Disabilities); *Academic Standards; Curriculum; *Disabilities; Educational Strategies; Enrichment Activities; European History; Greek Civilization; Inclusive Schools; Instructional Materials; Latin American History; Non Western Civilization; Secondary Education; Social Studies; Teaching Guides; *Teaching Methods; Textbooks; Units of Study; World Affairs; *World History IDENTIFIERS *Florida ABSTRACT This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities,
    [Show full text]
  • Joshua's Long Day - Skip to the Long Version Joshua 10
    Joshua's Long Day - Skip to the Long Version Joshua 10 10:12 "Then spake Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel, sun stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, moon upon Ajalon. 10:13 And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down a whole day. 10:14 And there was no day like that before it or after it, that the LORD hearkened unto the voice of a man: for the LORD fought for Israel." NASA states on their web site: "According to the laws of physics, there are only two possible explanations for having the Sun stand still in the sky for a day: (1) the Earth would essentially have to stop spinning on its axis...for which there is no evidence. - or- (2) the Sun would have to start moving about in the solar system in a very specific way so that it appeared to us on our spinning Earth to be standing still. There is no evidence of this occurring either." The Sun standing still at noon for Joshua for a day may have been produced by God moving the Sun around the Earth. The history and the working model are given here. God may have moved the sun around the earth with earth's rotation to make the sun stand still in the sky.
    [Show full text]
  • The Medo-Persian Kings Cyrus and Darius
    BIBLICAL AND BIOGRAPBIOGRAPHICALHICAL SKETCHES OF THTHEE MEDOMEDO----PERSIANPERSIAN KINGS --- DARIUS AND CYRUS JASON HILBURN INTRODUCTION 1 As one studies the history of God’s people recorded in the Bible, he must remember that the world of Bible times was filled with many other peoples and nations besides Israel. Changes were constantly occurring in the world in which God’s people lived—nations were forming and nations were falling as God was working out His will. Secular scholars have marveled at the achievements of men like Cyrus the Great, wondering how such a person could conquer so quickly and dominantly: The violent collapse of the mighty Assyrian Empire after the fall of Nineveh in 612 to a coalition of the Medes and Babylonians has sometimes been called a “scandal of history." The sudden appearance of the Persians in Near Eastern history and the lightning campaigns of Cyrus ll, the Great, pose questions for the historian that are urgent both in their breadth and in their complexity. In two decades (550-530), the Persian armies led by Cyrus ll conquered the Median, Lydian, and Neo-Babylonian kingdoms in succession and prepared the ground for Persian domination of the Iranian Plateau and Central Asia. How can we explain this sudden outburst into history by a people and a state hitherto practically unknown? How can we explain not only that this people could forge military forces sufficient to achieve conquests as impressive as they were rapid but also that, as early as the reign of Cyrus, it had available the technological and intellectual equipment that made the planning and building of Pasargadae possible? (Briant 13).
    [Show full text]
  • Darius the Mede
    1/27/2021 Daniel Defended : 4.3 - Darius the Mede Subscribe Get a Copy Section number, topic, or verse? Go 4.3 - Darius the Mede CONTENTS 4.3.1 - Who is Darius the Mede? 4.3.6 - Gobryas, Gubaru, Ugbaru 4.3.11 - Darius is Cyaxares II? 4.3.2 - Darius: A Title 4.3.7 - Family Relations of Darius as Median King 4.3.12 - Darius is Darius 4.3.3 - Darius Within the Bible 4.3.8 - Darius is Astyages II? 4.3.4 - Darius Outside the Bible 4.3.9 - Darius is Cambyses II? 4.3.5 - Who is Darius? 4.3.10 - Darius is Cyrus? 4.3.1 - Who is Darius the Mede? In one sense, we know everything we need to know about Darius the Mede: the man who received the kingdom at the downfall of Babylonian was named Darius and was a Mede of about 62 years of age (Dan. 5:31‣). This is sufficient for the believer who rests upon what God has revealed—no more information is needed to make sense of what the Bible records and the place Darius occupies in the sequence of Gentile Kingdoms. 1 But, for those who are interested in the relationship between God’s revelation and what is known from extra- biblical sources concerning history, the question arises whether Darius the Mede is known to archaeology or by historical records outside the Bible? 4.3.2 - Darius: A Title Correlating Darius the Mede with rulers known to extra-biblical history has proven to be a complex task, made all-the-more challenging because the name “Darius” is applied within historic inscriptions to at least five Persian rulers.
    [Show full text]
  • Insight's Reliance on Secular Sources
    Insight’s Reliance on Secular Sources Doug Mason Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, who cares for Esagila and Ezida, eldest son of Nabopolassar, king of Babylon. [email protected] Derivation of 539 BCE (Insight) The following reasoning is provided by Insight on the Scriptures [Insight] Volume 1 to substantiate that Babylon fell in 539 BCE. (Insight, Vol 1, page 454) The date of 539 B.C.E. for the fall of Babylon can be arrived at not only by Ptolemy's canon but by other sources as well. The historian Diodorus, as well as Africanus and Eusebius, shows that Cyrus’ first year as king of Persia corresponded to Olympiad 55, year 1 (560/559 B.C.E.), while Cyrus’ last year is placed at Olympiad 62, year 2 (531/530 B.C.E.). Cuneiform tablets give Cyrus a rule of nine years over Babylon, which would therefore substantiate the year 539 as the date of his conquest of Babylon. Handbook of Biblical Chronology, by Jack Finegan, 1964, pp. 112, 168-170; Babylonian Chronology. 626 B.C. - A.D. 75, [Parker and Dubberstein], p. 14. Since Insight relies on secular sources to arrive at 539 BCE for the Fall of Babylon, the following Study addresses: • 539 BCE is derived • Ptolemy’s Canon • Classical Historians • Olympiadic Dating System • Cuneiform Tablets • Astronomical Tablets • Babylonian Chronology • Cyrus’ Decree Note that insertions introduced into the text from Insight are indicated with the use of square brackets [ ]. 2 These insertions are provided as clarification, not as comment nor as criticism. Comments on the dating of Babylon’s Fall Ever since 1942, when Parker and Dubberstein published their study, there has been no doubt that Babylon fell in 539 BCE.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ASSUR-NINEVEH-ARBELA TRIANGLE Central Assyria in the Neo-Assyrian Period
    HEIDELBERGER STUDIEN ZUM ALTEN ORIENT – BAND 14 BETWEEN THE CULTURES THE CENTRAL TIGRIS REGION FROM THE 3RD TO THE 1ST MILLENNIUM BC Conference at Heidelberg January 22nd – 24th, 2009 edited by PETER A. MIGLUS & SIMONE MÜHL 2011 HEIDELBERGER ORIENTVERLAG THE ASSUR-NINEVEH-ARBELA TRIANGLE Central Assyria in the Neo-Assyrian Period Karen Radner (London)* A recent study by Mark Altaweel on settlement and land use of the area between the Lesser Zab in the south, Eski Mossul in the north, Wadi Tharthar and Jebel Sheikh Ibrahim in the west, and Jebel Qara Chauq and the Khazir River in the east defi ned this region as the Assyrian heartland (Altaweel 2008a, 6). But to any Assyrian of the Middle or Neo-Assyrian period, the traditional homelands of Assyria certainly stretched much further to the east and included the city of Arbela (modern Erbil). In this contribution, I will focus on the roughly triangular area east of the Tigris and north of the Lesser Zab and southwest of the mountain barrier where Taurus and Zagros meet. The area constitutes the core of the lands that were under the continuous rule of the Assyrian kings from the 14th to the 7th century BC (Radner 2006-08, 45-48). Unlike the regions west of the Tigris, this area was unaffected by the loss of territory to the newly forming Aramaean states in the 11th century BC and there was consequently no need for Adad-nerari II (911–891 BC) and his successors to re-establish control, once they undertook to restore Assyria’s old borders.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Cilt/Volume: 1 Sayı/Issue
    Uluslararası Amisos Dergisi Journal of International Amisos Yıl/Year: 2016 ♦ Cilt/Volume: 1 ♦ Sayı/Issue: 1, s. 87-106 CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE POST-URARTIAN, MEDIAN AND ACHAEMENID PERIODS OF EASTERN ANATOLIA* DOĞU ANADOLU BÖLGESİ’NDE AKHAMENİD, MED VE POST-URARTU DÖNEMİ’NDE KÜLTÜREL DEĞİŞİM Davut YİĞİTPAŞA** Abstract Achaemenids, which is the world’s biggest empire for more than 200 years between 550 and 331 BC. The main settlement is the territory, which is equal to Persian province today, in the northwest of Persia high plateau, Parsa, in the north of the Persian gulf. The major capitals such as Persepolis, Ecbatana, Susa, Behistun and Babylonia, and the inscriptions found in significant kingdom centers reveal that Achaemenid Kingdom is the heir to thousands-year history of Mesopotamia. We define Late Iron Age (LIA) as a period including the dates of the fall of Urartu and Achaemenid dynasty (645/625-330 BC). It consists of two phases; the first phase known Post-Urartian and Media (645/625-550 BC) and the second phase defined as Pers-Achaemenid domination (550-330 BC). LIA ceramics show peculiar characteristics in surface processing, technic and form. The potteries are the products of a new tradition and culture. Urartu’s monochrome and shiny red lining ceramics give place to a new type of pottery which has got thick cream lining and which can be designed in different forms such as monochrome, bichrom and polychrome. However, we do not know much about the relationships between the end of one’s ceramic tradition and the other’s beginning because of few data between the fall of Urartu state and the period when dyed pottery rises with Achaemenid.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Mormon Event Structure: the Ancient Near East
    Journal of Book of Mormon Studies Volume 5 Number 2 Article 5 7-31-1996 Book of Mormon Event Structure: The Ancient Near East Robert F. Smith Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Smith, Robert F. (1996) "Book of Mormon Event Structure: The Ancient Near East," Journal of Book of Mormon Studies: Vol. 5 : No. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms/vol5/iss2/5 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Book of Mormon Studies by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Title Book of Mormon Event Structure: The Ancient Near East Author(s) Robert F. Smith Reference Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 5/2 (1996): 98–147. ISSN 1065-9366 (print), 2168-3158 (online) Abstract The Book of Mormon annals open in an ancient Near Eastern context. The archaeological-historical context is carefully outlined here within a systematic chronology that is tied to fixed, absolute dates of recorded astro- nomical events—particularly those from cuneiform eponym calendars. The resultant matrix allows those early Book of Mormon events to be understood in a rational, familiar, and meaningful way—that is, in a biblical context. In addition, an excursus is devoted to understanding the Arabia of the Book of Mormon as the Lehite exiles must have known it. Throughout it is clear that the world depicted by the Book of Mormon dove- tails remarkably well with what we know of the ancient Near East.
    [Show full text]