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Jurassic and Cretaceous Macrofossils from Sheet 266 (Marlborough): Autumn 2011

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Jurassic and Cretaceous Macrofossils from Sheet 266 (Marlborough): Autumn 2011 ?Jurassic and Cretaceous macrofossils from Sheet 266 (Marlborough): Autumn 2011 Science, Geology & Landscape Programme Internal Report IR/11/072 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SCIENCE, GEOLOGY & LANDSCAPE PROGRAMME INTERNAL REPORT IR/11/072 ?Jurassic and Cretaceous macrofossils from Sheet 266 (Marlborough): Autumn 2011 The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. M A Woods Licence No: 100017897/2011. Keywords ?Jurassic, Cretaceous, Chalk Group, macropalaeontology, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, Cenomanian, Coniacian. Map Sheet 266, 1: 50 000 scale, Marlborough Bibliographical reference WOODS, M A. 2011. ?Jurassic and Cretaceous macrofossils from Sheet 266 (Marlborough): Autumn 2011. British Geological Survey Internal Report, IR/11/072. 20pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2011. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2011 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of our publications is available from BGS shops at British Geological Survey offices Nottingham, Edinburgh, London and Cardiff (Welsh publications only) see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com BGS Central Enquiries Desk Tel 0115 936 3143 Fax 0115 936 3276 The London Information Office also maintains a reference collection of BGS publications, including maps, for consultation. email [email protected] We publish an annual catalogue of our maps and other publications; this catalogue is available online or from any of the Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG BGS shops. Tel 0115 936 3241 Fax 0115 936 3488 email [email protected] The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA surrounding continental shelf, as well as basic research projects. Tel 0131 667 1000 Fax 0131 668 2683 It also undertakes programmes of technical aid in geology in email [email protected] developing countries. The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Tel 020 7589 4090 Fax 020 7584 8270 Tel 020 7942 5344/45 email [email protected] Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff CF15 7NE Tel 029 2052 1962 Fax 029 2052 1963 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB Tel 01491 838800 Fax 01491 692345 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF Tel 028 9038 8462 Fax 028 9038 8461 www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU Tel 01793 411500 Fax 01793 411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Website www.bgs.ac.uk Shop online at www.geologyshop.com IR/11/072; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2012/01/06 17:15 Foreword This report mainly describes the stratigraphical interpretation of macrofaunas from the Chalk Group of the Marlborough district (Sheet 266). Reworked oysters, possibly from the Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous, are also described. The material was collected in November 2011, by MAW, A R Farrant and P M Hopson, in connection with the resurvey of Sheet 266. Contents Foreword.........................................................................................................................................i Contents...........................................................................................................................................i Summary........................................................................................................................................ii 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 1 2 Stratigraphy............................................................................................................................ 1 Appendix 1 – Author citations for fossil species................................................................. 13 References .................................................................................................................................... 14 FIGURES Figure 1. The stratigraphy of the Chalk Group referred to in this report Figure 2. The Chalk succession seen in the north portal of the tunnel on the abandoned railway line south-west of Marlborough [SU 19088 67936] ((5) of report) Figure 3. Comparison of the established ammonite biozonal scheme for the Late Albian with the revised scheme of Owen & Mutterlose (2006) i IR/11/072; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2012/01/06 17:15 Summary Macrofossils from surface and outcrop exposures of the Chalk Group on Sheet 266 (Marlborough) were collected in November 2011 in connection with the resurvey of that district. The material ranges from the Mantelliceras mantelli Zone to the Micraster coranguinum Zone, and can be assigned to the West Melbury Marly Chalk, Zig Zag Chalk, Holywell Nodular Chalk, Lewes Nodular Chalk and Seaford Chalk formations. At localities exposing the basal Seaford Chalk Formation, the lithology is unusually hard, nodular and sponge-rich, and more closely resembles typical Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation. A field brash collection of large, thick-shelled oysters showing evidence of reworking, located near the base of the Gault, appear most likely to have been derived from the Lower Cretaceous or Jurassic. ii IR/11/072; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2012/01/06 17:15 1 Introduction Material from the Chalk Group exposed at 35 localities is described below. The Chalk Group stratigraphy referred to in this report is shown in Figure 1, and author citations for fossil species are given as a separate appendix. 2 Stratigraphy (1) Section on east side of path along disused railway track, just south of where A4 crosses the old railway cutting, c. 600 m NW of Savernake Hospital, Marlborough, Wiltshire. 1:10 000 SU26NW NGR: SU 20081 68846 Specimen nos: WMD 15876 – 15896 The fauna is as follows: Bryozoa: bryozoan Brachiopoda: Orbirhynchia sp. Terebratulina striatula Bivalvia: Cremnoceramus sp. (thin-shelled) Cremnoceramus? (shell fragment) small indeterminate inoceramid shell fragments Pycnodonte (attached to inoceramid shell) Spondylus sp. Ammonoidea: Scaphites? Asteroidea: skeletal plates Echinoidea; test fragments The material was collected from soft and patchily hard chalk, with nodular flints, locally iron- stained sponge-bearing horizons, and thin wispy marls. Interpretation: The chalk exposed at this locality is very poorly fossiliferous. Despite extensive searching, no shell fragments of inoceramid bivalves other than Cremnoceramus were found. The lithology, fauna and sparsely fossiliferous character of the chalk, tend to suggest assignment to the upper M. cortestudinarium Zone, although this interval tends to be characterised by thicker-shelled Cremnoceramus. Field relations suggest close proximity of this locality to the base of the Seaford Chalk Formation. Assignment to the basal Seaford Chalk is compatible with the occurrence of thin-shelled Cremnoceramus, but not with the absence of Platyceramus. Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, ? topmost Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation; Coniacian, ?topmost M. cortestudinarium Zone. (2) Section on east and west side of disused railway cutting south of Marlborough, immediately south of old bridge over cutting and before reaching north portal of tunnel. 750 m NW of Brown's Farm, just south of Marlborough, Wiltshire. 1 IR/11/072; Draft 0.1 Last modified: 2012/01/06 17:15 1:10 000 SU16NE NGR: SU 19063 68052 Specimen nos: WMD 15897 – 15918 The fauna from a c. 1 – 2 m section of hard, firm and locally soft chalk, with nodular flints and a marl seam, comprises shell fragments of the inoceramid bivalves Platyceramus (large & moderately thick fragments) and Volviceramus involutus (right valve fragment), and the echinoid Micraster turonensis?. The Micraster has sharply divided ambulacra, but a granular periplastron, suggesting a level low down within the M. coranguinum Zone. Some of the Platyceramus occur in conspicuously iron-stained, hard, nodular chalk. Conclusion: White Chalk Subgroup, basal Seaford Chalk Formation; Coniacian, lower M. coranguinum Zone. (3) Chalk exposed in roots of fallen tree on south bank of River Kennett, c. 260 m SE of Marlborough College, Marlborough, Wiltshire. 1:10 000 SU16NE NGR: SU 18603 68419 Specimen nos: WMD 15919 – 15929; ARF 2487 – 2488 The fauna was collected from very hard, nodular, iron-stained and sponge-rich chalk, with flints including a thin broken-up sheet flint. The fauna is as follows: Bivalvia: Cremnoceramus waltersdorfensis Cremnoceramus? ?Inoceramus lusatiae Echinoidea: Micraster normanniae (x2) Plesiocorys (Plesiocorys) placenta Plesiocorys sp. Interpretation: The fauna indicates assignment to the uppermost Turonian or basal Coniacian,
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