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The Sanctions Stage : عوﺿوﻣﻟا مﺳا Economic Repercussions of Rising
The Sanctions Stage : ωϭοϭϣϟϡγ Economic Repercussions of Rising : ωϭοϭϣϟϥϭϧϋ Tension between Washington and Ankara 13/08/2018 : έηϧϟΦϳέΎΗ ΔϣΩϘΗϣϟΕΎγέΩϟϭΙΎΣΑϸϟϝΑϘΗγϣϟίϛέϣ : ΏΗΎϛϟϡγ : ωϭοϭϣϟ 9/25/2021 4:23:31 AM 1 / 2 Tension between Turkey and the United States has recently soared, as the US imposed sanctions on two Turkish ministers over the detention of the American Pastor Andrew Brunson. These sanctions will dent the confidence in the Turkish economy, at the very least. If the US authorities decide to ramp up sanctions in line with President Donald Trump pledges to do so in case of not releasing Brunson, Turkey may incur more economic losses. Under US threats, Turkey will probably be forced to cave in to US demands, particularly at a time when its economy is experiencing many difficulties, most notably the downward spiral of the lira against hard currencies.Numerous Indicators Tension between Turkey and the US runs high, as evident in several indicators, chiefly the following:1- New sanctions: The US has recently stepped up its pressure on Turkey to release pastor Andrew Brunson. The US administration imposed on August 1, sanctions against Turkish Justice Minister Abdulhamit Gul and Interior Minister Suleyman Soylu after accusing them of playing roles in Brunson¶s arrest.According to several estimates, the US sanctions are expected to extend to other Turkish entities and companies, following president Trump's pledges to tighten the screws on Turkey if the pastor is not released. The US administration has already followed the same approach in February, after Turkey announced its intention to buy S-400, the Russian missile defense system.2- Imprisoning Turkish officials: The case of accusing Turkish bank Halkbank of conspiring in breaching US sanctions on Iran in 2012, was one of the factors for tension between Washington and Ankara. -
Walking the Talk: 2021 Blueprints for a Human Rights-Centered U.S
Walking the Talk: 2021 Blueprints for a Human Rights-Centered U.S. Foreign Policy October 2020 Acknowledgments Human Rights First is a nonprofit, nonpartisan human rights advocacy and action organization based in Washington D.C., New York, and Los Angeles. © 2020 Human Rights First. All Rights Reserved. Walking the Talk: 2021 Blueprints for a Human Rights-Centered U.S. Foreign Policy was authored by Human Rights First’s staff and consultants. Senior Vice President for Policy Rob Berschinski served as lead author and editor-in-chief, assisted by Tolan Foreign Policy Legal Fellow Reece Pelley and intern Anna Van Niekerk. Contributing authors include: Eleanor Acer Scott Johnston Trevor Sutton Rob Berschinski David Mizner Raha Wala Cole Blum Reece Pelley Benjamin Haas Rita Siemion Significant assistance was provided by: Chris Anders Steven Feldstein Stephen Pomper Abigail Bellows Becky Gendelman Jennifer Quigley Brittany Benowitz Ryan Kaminski Scott Roehm Jim Bernfield Colleen Kelly Hina Shamsi Heather Brandon-Smith Kate Kizer Annie Shiel Christen Broecker Kennji Kizuka Mandy Smithberger Felice Gaer Dan Mahanty Sophia Swanson Bishop Garrison Kate Martin Yasmine Taeb Clark Gascoigne Jenny McAvoy Bailey Ulbricht Liza Goitein Sharon McBride Anna Van Niekerk Shannon Green Ian Moss Human Rights First challenges the United States of America to live up to its ideals. We believe American leadership is essential in the struggle for human dignity and the rule of law, and so we focus our advocacy on the U.S. government and other key actors able to leverage U.S. influence. When the U.S. government falters in its commitment to promote and protect human rights, we step in to demand reform, accountability, and justice. -
Antitrust Concerns and the Fda Approval Process
ANTITRUST CONCERNS AND THE FDA APPROVAL PROCESS HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON REGULATORY REFORM, COMMERCIAL AND ANTITRUST LAW OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JULY 27, 2017 Serial No. 115–27 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://judiciary.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 30–235 WASHINGTON : 2018 VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:19 Jun 07, 2018 Jkt 028040 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 E:\HR\OC\A235.XXX A235 COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY BOB GOODLATTE, Virginia, Chairman F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan Wisconsin JERROLD NADLER, New York LAMAR SMITH, Texas ZOE LOFGREN, California STEVE CHABOT, Ohio SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas DARRELL E. ISSA, California STEVE COHEN, Tennessee STEVE KING, Iowa HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., Georgia TRENT FRANKS, Arizona THEODORE E. DEUTCH, Florida LOUIE GOHMERT, Texas LUIS V. GUTIE´ RREZ, Illinois JIM JORDAN, Ohio KAREN BASS, California TED POE, Texas CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, Louisiana JASON CHAFFETZ, Utah HAKEEM S. JEFFRIES, New York TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania DAVID CICILLINE, Rhode Island TREY GOWDY, South Carolina ERIC SWALWELL, California RAUL LABRADOR, Idaho TED LIEU, California BLAKE FARENTHOLD, Texas JAMIE RASKIN, Maryland DOUG COLLINS, Georgia PRAMILA JAYAPAL, Washington RON DESANTIS, Florida BRAD SCHNEIDER, Illinois KEN BUCK, Colorado JOHN RATCLIFFE, Texas MARTHA ROBY, Alabama MATT GAETZ, Florida MIKE JOHNSON, Louisiana ANDY BIGGS, Arizona SHELLEY HUSBAND, Chief of Staff and General Counsel PERRY APELBAUM, Minority Staff Director and Chief Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON REGULATORY REFORM, COMMERCIAL AND ANTITRUST LAW TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania, Chairman BLAKE FARENTHOLD, Texas, Vice-Chairman DARRELL E. -
Sanctions on Turkey: Reconciling Washington’S Diverging Views by Soner Cagaptay
MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 2975 Sanctions on Turkey: Reconciling Washington’s Diverging Views by Soner Cagaptay Jun 1, 2018 Also available in Arabic ABOUT THE AUTHORS Soner Cagaptay Soner Cagaptay is the Beyer Family fellow and director of the Turkish Research Program at The Washington Institute. Brief Analysis Despite the deep-seated problems roiling the bilateral relationship, U.S. legislators need to understand the potentially dire geopolitical consequences of putting heavy pressure on a fellow NATO member. n June 4, Turkish foreign minister Mevlut Cavusoglu will visit Washington to meet with Secretary of State O Mike Pompeo. The trip comes at a critical time for the U.S.-Turkish relationship, with bilateral ties facing their deepest crisis since the Cyprus war of 1974. That conflict ended with a damaging American arms embargo against Ankara—the relationship suffered severely and did not fully normalize for nearly half a decade, setting the precedent for another breakdown if the two countries do not find a way to close their widening gaps on present-day issues. UNBRIDGEABLE DIFFERENCES? C urrently, multiple factors are undermining the bilateral relationship, including: Turkish demands for the extradition of Fethullah Gulen , a U.S.-based cleric whose followers in the Turkish military seem to have played a significant role in the failed 2016 coup against President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. The U.S. tactical alliance with the People’s Defense Units (YPG). This Syrian Kurdish group is an offshoot of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), recognized as a terrorist group by Turkey, the United States, and NATO. But with President Trump determined not to commit further ground troops to Syria, Washington will continue to rely on the YPG to contain the Islamic State. -
Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 115 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 115 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 164 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4, 2018 No. 165 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Friday, October 5, 2018, at 9:30 a.m. Senate THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4, 2018 The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was to the Senate from the President pro Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an As- called to order by the Honorable DAN tempore (Mr. HATCH). sociate Justice of the Supreme Court of SULLIVAN, a Senator from the State of The senior assistant legislative clerk the United States. Alaska. read the following letter: RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY LEADER f U.S. SENATE, The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, PRAYER Washington, DC, October 4, 2018. pore. The majority leader is recog- The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- To the Senate: nized. fered the following prayer: Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH Let us pray. of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, the Eternal Spirit, giver of every good appoint the Honorable DAN SULLIVAN, a Sen- Senate is considering the nomination and perfect gift, we magnify Your Holy ator from the State of Alaska, to perform of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to serve as Name. Your righteousness endures for- the duties of the Chair. RRIN ATCH an Associate Justice on the Supreme ever. O G. H , President pro tempore. -
The Mother Church and Ukraine
THE ORDER OF SAINT ANDREW THE APOSTLE, ARCHONS OF THE ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE IN AMERICA | FALL 2018 THE MOTHER CHURCH AND UKRAINE Metropolitan Emmanuel and the A sign to strengthen bold statement of the Ecumenical a nation’s aspirations Patriarchate during celebrations marking 1,030th anniversary of and religious liberty the baptism of Kyivan Rus FALL 2018 Exarch of the Ecumenical Patriarchate: His Eminence Archbishop Demetrios Geron of America Spiritual Advisor: Rev. Alexander Karloutsos National Commander: Anthony J. Limberakis, MD, Aktouarios National Vice Commander: John Halecky, Jr., Ekdikos Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew meets with the Secretary: President of Turkey Hon. B. Theodore Bozonelis, Ekdikos Treasurer: His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch The President of Turkey showed Peter J. Skeadas, Hieromnimon Bartholomew met with His Excellency particular interest in the issues of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, President of the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the Legal Counselor: the Republic of Turkey, on Wednes- Community. Christopher Stratakis, Esq., Notarios day, April 25, 2018 at the Presidential Accompanying His All-Holiness Palace in Ankara and lasted more were His Eminence Metropolitan El- Historian: than half an hour. pidophoros of Bursa, Archimandrite George E. Demacopoulos, PhD Didaskalos Tou Genous His All-Holiness thanked President Joachim Billis, Chief Secretary of the Erdogan for everything he has done Holy and Sacred Synod, Archon Laki Sergeant-at-Arms: so far to solve the issues of the He- Vingas and Mr. Georgios Papaliaris, Alexander Pritsos, Hieromnimon llenic Community and the Ecumenical Vice-President of the Supporting As- Patriarchate and raised the issues that sociation of Roman Community Insti- Assistant Treasurer: are still pending. tutions. -
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law (113:4 Am J Int'l L)
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law 2019 Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law (113:4 Am J Int'l L) Jean Galbraith University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the International Law Commons, Military, War, and Peace Commons, National Security Law Commons, and the President/Executive Department Commons Repository Citation Galbraith, Jean, "Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law (113:4 Am J Int'l L)" (2019). Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law. 2106. https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/2106 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law by an authorized administrator of Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright © 2019 by The American Society of International Law CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE OF THE UNITED STATES RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL LAW EDITED BY JEAN GALBRAITH* In this section: • President Trump “Unsigns” Arms Trade Treaty After Requesting Its Return from the Senate • Senate Gives Advice and Consent to Ratification of Four Bilateral Tax Treaties • United States Continues to Block New Appellate Body Members for the World Trade Organization, Risking the Collapse of the Appellate Process • United States Resists Efforts to Have the Arctic Council Make Climate-Related Statement • Trump Administration Takes Domestic and International Measures to Restrict Asylum • Secretary of State Establishes Commission on Unalienable Rights • Trump Administration’s Iran Policies Raise Questions About the Executive’s Authority to Use Force Against Iran • U.S. -
The US-Turkey Diplomatic Crisis
The US-Turkey Diplomatic Crisis by Burak Bekdil BESA Center Perspectives Paper No. 938, September 3, 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The present Turkish-American diplomatic crisis is fundamentally different from other such crises in 1964 or 1975. Turkish public sentiment in the 1960s and 1970s was largely pro-American (and anti- Soviet). Today, 79% of Turks have an unfavorable opinion of the US. Also, the earlier Turkish-American crises were largely single-case issues whereas the current one is multi-dimensional – and more difficult to resolve. Officially speaking, Turkey and the US are NATO allies and strategic partners. These days their relationship looks like anything but an alliance or a partnership. This has not happened overnight. In 1964, US President Lyndon Johnson cautioned Turkey against rash military moves it might be planning in Cyprus. The famous “Johnson letter” prompted Turkish PM Ismet Inönü to convene his cabinet in emergency session. That was the first serious crack between America and its southeast European ally, a country that guarded one of the West’s Soviet frontiers. The Johnson letter was also the first incident to spark (largely left-wing) anti-Americanism in Turkey. President Johnson’s warning may have played a role in keeping the Turkish military at its barracks while inter-communal strife on Cyprus worsened in the late 1960s. But in 1974, the Turkish army invaded the northern third of the island in response to a short-lived coup aimed at annexing Cyprus to Greece. In 1975, a Congressional arms embargo on Turkey was instituted – despite objections from the Ford administration – after Ankara refused to relinquish any of the territory it had seized the year before. -
Prisoners of the Purge: the Victims of Turkey’S Failing Rule of Law
PRISONERS OF THE PURGE: THE VICTIMS OF TURKEY’S FAILING RULE OF LAW HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 15, 2017 Printed for the use of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE 115–1–7] ( Available via www.csce.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 27–643 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS HOUSE SENATE CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, ROGER F. WICKER, Mississippi, Co-Chairman Chairman ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas MICHAEL C. BURGESS, Texas CORY GARDNER, Colorado STEVE COHEN, Tennessee MARCO RUBIO, Florida RICHARD HUDSON, North Carolina JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois THOM TILLIS, North Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas TOM UDALL, New Mexico GWEN MOORE, Wisconsin SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Vacant, Department of State Vacant, Department of Commerce Vacant, Department of Defense [II] PRISONERS OF THE PURGE: THE VICTIMS OF TURKEY’S FAILING RULE OF LAW COMMISSIONERS Page Hon. Thom Tillis, Commissioner, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe ..................................................... 1 Hon. Michael C. Burgess, Commissioner, Commission on Se- curity and Cooperation in Europe .......................................... 3 Hon. Randy Hultgren, Commissioner, Commission on Secu- rity and Cooperation in Europe .............................................. 5 Hon. Jeanne Shaheen, Commissioner, Commission on Secu- rity and Cooperation in Europe ............................................. -
Hearing on “Prisoners of the Purge: the Victims of Turkey's Failing Rule
UNITED STATES COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (U.S. HELSINKI COMMISSION) Hearing on “Prisoners of the Purge: The Victims of Turkey’s Failing Rule of Law” Wednesday, November 15, 2017 Room 124, Dirksen Senate Office Building Opening Statement of Senator Thom Tillis, Hearing Chairman This hearing of the Helsinki Commission will come to order. Good morning and welcome to this Helsinki Commission hearing titled “Prisoners of the Purge: The Victims of Turkey’s Failing Rule of Law.” I am honored to be chairing this hearing on behalf of Chairman Wicker. As of today, an American pastor has spent 404 days in a Turkish jail without trial, without access to the evidence against him, the subject of a vicious smear campaign in the Turkish press, and facing life in prison on fabricated charges of being a terrorist and coup-plotter. Elsewhere in Turkey, a Turkish-American NASA scientist has spent 480 days in prison—much of it in solitary confinement—on terrorism and espionage charges springing from the baseless testimony of a disgruntled relative and a bizarre compilation of circumstantial evidence including a dollar bill seized at his parents’ home. Today also marks 253 days behind bars for a veteran Turkish employee of the U.S. Consulate in Adana who stands accused of terrorism for doing his job as he has for over 30 years, communicating on behalf of the U.S. government with local community contacts. These prisoners—Andrew Brunson, Serkan Golge, and Hamza Ulucay—are the innocent victims of Turkey’s collapsing rule of law. With every passing day, the injustice of these detentions compounds itself. -
Officers and Officials of the Senate
OFFICERS AND OFFICIALS OF THE SENATE Capitol Telephone Directory, 224–3121 Senate room prefixes: Capitol—S, Russell Senate Office Building—SR Dirksen Senate Office Building—SD, Hart Senate Office Building—SH PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate.—Joseph R. Biden, Jr. The Ceremonial Office of the Vice President is S–212 in the Capitol. The Vice President has offices in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, the Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) and the White House (West Wing). Chief of Staff to the Vice President.—Steve Ricchetti, EEOB, room 272, 456–9951. Domestic Policy and Counselor to the Vice President.—Don Graves, EEOB, room 282, 456–2982. Press Secretary to the Vice President.—Kendra Barkoff, EEOB, room 284A, 456–4390. Director of Legislative Affairs.—Tonya Williams, EEOB, room 279A, 456–1540. National Security Advisor to the Vice President.—Colin Kahl, EEOB, room 208, 456– 2744. Assistants to the Vice President: Kathy Chung, 456–1715; Anne Marie Muldoon, 456– 1732, West Wing. Deputy Assistant to the Vice President and Chief of Staff to Dr. Jill Biden.—Sheila Nix, EEOB, room 201, 456–7458. Director of Scheduling.—Virginia ‘‘Ginna’’ Lance, EEOB, room 265A, 456–6264. PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE S–125 The Capitol, phone 224–9400 President Pro Tempore of the Senate.—Orrin G. Hatch. Administrative Director.—Celeste Gold. Chief Counsel.—William Castle. Counsel.—Ryan Leavitt. Chief of Staff.—Rob Porter. MAJORITY LEADER S–230 The Capitol, phone 224–3135, fax 228–1264 Majority Leader.—Mitch McConnell. Chief of Staff.—Sharon Soderstrom. Deputy Chief of Staff.—Don Stewart. -
Republican National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus
REPUBLICAN PLATFORM 2016 HHHHHHH HHHHHH We dedicate this platform with admiration and gratitude H H H H H To all who stand strong in the face of danger So that the American people may be protected against it — The men and women of our military, of our law enforcement, and the first responders of every community in our land — And to their families. Paid for by the Committee on Arrangements for the 2016 Republican National Convention Not Authorized By Any Candidate Or Candidate’s Committee www.gopconvention2016.com • REPUBLICAN PLATFORM 2016 • Preamble With this platform, we the Republican Party reaffirm the principles that unite us in a common purpose. We believe in American exceptionalism. American people are optimistic. We believe the United States of America is This platform lays out — in clear language — the unlike any other nation on earth. path to making America great and united again. We believe America is exceptional because of For the past 8 years America has been led in the our historic role — first as refuge, then as defender, wrong direction. and now as exemplar of liberty for the world to see. Our economy has become unnecessarily weak We affirm — as did the Declaration of with stagnant wages. People living paycheck to Independence: that all are created equal, endowed paycheck are struggling, sacrificing, and suffering. by their Creator with inalienable rights of life, liberty, Americans have earned and deserve a strong and the pursuit of happiness. and healthy economy. We believe in the Constitution as our founding Our standing in world affairs has declined document.