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The Gospel and Globalization

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The Gospel and Globalization the Gospel and Globalization Exploring the Religious Roots of a Globalized World Edited by Michael W. Goheen Erin G. Glanville Regent College Press • Geneva Society Vancouver, B.C., Canada THE GOSPEL AND GLOBALIZATION: EXPLORING THE RELIGIOUS ROOTS OF A GLOBALIZED WORLD Copyright © 2009 Regent College Publishing All rights reserved. Published 2009 by REGENT COLLEGE PUBLISHING 5800 University Boulevard / Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2E4 / Canada / www.regentpublishing.com with GENEVA SOCIETY www.genevasociety.org Cover image by Ben Goheen Typeset by Dan Postma No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher or the Copyright Licensing Agency. Views expressed in works published by Regent College Publishing are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of Regent College (www.regent-college.edu). Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication The Gospel and globalization : exploring the religious roots of a globalized world / edited by Michael W. Goheen and Erin G. Glanville. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-57383-440-7 1. Globalization—Religious aspects—Christianity. 2. Globalization— Religious aspects—Islam. 3. Capitalism—Religious aspects—Christianity. 4. Capitalism—Religious aspects—Islam. 5. Globalization—Moral and ethical aspects. 6. Globalization—Economic aspects. 7. Christian ethics. 8. World politics. I. Goheen, Michael W., 1955- II. Glanville, Erin G., 1980- BL65.G55G68 2009 201’.7 C2009-902767-4 For Phoebe Shalom, because the future is secure Table of Contents Preface 7 Introduction 11 Michael W. Goheen and Erin G. Glanville The Bible and Globalization 27 Richard Bauckham God, Globalization and Grace: An Exercise in Public 49 Theology Jonathan Chaplin Probing the Historical and Religious Roots of Economic 69 Globalization Michael W. Goheen The Emperor’s (not-so) New Clothes: Postmodernity, 91 Globalization and the “Triumph” of Modernity Craig G. Bartholomew Globalization, Economics, and the Modern Worldview 111 Bob Goudzwaard Globalization and the Logic of Capitalism 125 Paul Spencer Williams From Shock and Awe to Shock and Grace: A Response to 141 Naomi Klein’s The Shock Doctrine Brian J. Walsh Commercial Entrepreneurship for the Good of People and 161 Planet Peter S. Heslam Canada’s Oil Sands Developments as Icon of Globalization 179 John L. Hiemstra The Challenge of Islam’s Critique of Technology 199 Egbert Schuurman Islam and the USA: Contrasting Visions of the End of History 217 James W. Skillen Climate Change and the Rapid Dynamic of Globalization 231 Bob Goudzwaard Globalization and Religious Fundamentalism 247 Robert Joustra Creatures in a Small Place: Postcolonial Literature, 269 Globalization, and Stories of Refugees Erin G. Glanville Convergence or Clash? The Coming Global Future 283 David T. Koyzis Cities As a Place for Public Artwork: A Glocal Approach 299 Calvin Seerveld Imagining Globalization as a Christian Literary Critic 325 Susan VanZanten Education, Globalization, and Discipleship 343 Harro Van Brummelen The World is Your Playground: Competing Stories of 361 Gospel and Globalized Adventure Rod Thompson with Athalia Bond Preface This book gathers together a number of essays that seek to uncover the foundational beliefs shaping globalization from the standpoint of the Christian gospel. As editors our interest in glo- balization does not originate from an expertise in the social sci- ences—economics, politics, international relations or the other dis- ciplines in which globalization is a hot topic. Rather our concern with the issue comes because we see globalization as one of the most powerful religious1 forces in our world today. Mike’s area of expertise is worldview and mission studies; Erin’s is cultural studies. It is out of our investments in these disciplines that we are concerned to analyse globalization in terms of its dangers but also its opportunities for Christian communities to bear witness to the good news that Jesus Christ is Lord of history and that God is working in history to bring about his kingdom of shalom. Robert Webber believes that “the most pressing spiritual is- sue of our time” is the question ‘who gets to narrate the world?’2 Recognising that the Christian church at times has misused power to narrate the history of the world in directions that benefits itself, we humbly offer that the Bible, which reveals the mighty acts of God, climactically in Jesus Christ, and in and through the church is the true story of the world. Other powerful stories at work in our global world include the Islamic story of world history and the supposedly secular story of Western globalization. In a mas- terful concluding chapter of his book Bible and Mission Richard Bauckham describes the missionary encounter between the Bible, on the one hand, and globalization and consumerism, on the other, as the primary battle facing the church today. Both stories offer a metanarrative of history by which Bauckham means “an attempt to tell a single story about the whole of human history in order to attribute a single and integrated meaning to the whole”.3 As the church inhabits the biblical story it will find moments of conso- nance with but, also and necessarily, come into some conflict with the forces of globalization. The Enlightenment worldview-story, which has shaped the West for several centuries, is now one of the most powerful forces in our global world, and it carries with it both positive and negative potential. For Christians who want to be 8 faithful in their calling to engage their culture and times with the gospel it is essential that they understand the foundational and re- ligious dynamics of the metanarrative of globalization. Only then can the church embody and struggle for the shalom of the kingdom that will surely come for the whole globe at the end of history. The Hebrew word shalom, often translated ‘peace’, is a word used by the Hebrew prophets to describe the world as it was meant to be. It is a life of justice and harmony in which humans and all of creation prosper. All human relationships—relationships with God, with each other, and with the non-human creation—are made right and become a flourishing, interrelated whole. Human rebel- lion at the beginning of human history shattered the harmony of God’s good creation, but the Bible tells the story of God’s work to restore that shalom. The church has been invited to participate in this story both to embody that coming peace and justice and to be an instrument of it. Since the story of Western globalization is powerful and offers potentials for fuller shalom but at the same time is responsible for destroying that shalom, the church must understand those dynamics to participate faithfully in its mission. The essays gathered in this book come from two primary sources. Some of them were given as LambLight lectures4 that are offered each year on Trinity Western University’s campus. The LambLight lectures are lectures given by significant visiting scholars who treat a contemporary topic in a popular, relevant and informative way. A good number of these essays began their life as a LambLight lecture. Others were contributed in response to an invitation of the editors to enrich and widen the analyses offered by these lectures. As editors we are thankful for the overwhelm- ingly positive response we received from each of these authors to our request for an essay that would treat globalization from the standpoint of its underlying beliefs, and for the superb quality of the contributions. We would like to thank a number of people. Our life-partners, Marnie Goheen and Mark Glanville, were very encouraging throughout the process. The Geneva Board which oversees the chair that Mike occupies, and Pieter and Fran Vanderpol who fund that chair made this book possible by their support in a number of ways. Brittany Groen and Dan Postma offered their gifts in editing and typesetting respectively while Ben Goheen designed the cover for the book. Bill Reimer and Rob Clements from Regent Press, and Robin Parry from Paternoster, were helpful along the way in bringing this book to birth. Erin would also like to thank her col- leagues at McMaster University, who inhabit a variety of stories and whose perspectives have given her broader insights into the undercurrents of globalization. PREFACE 9 Our prayer is that this book would equip the church to be more faithful to the gospel as it lives in the midst of the powerful forces of globalization. If it succeeds in this it will be worth the many hours of work that has brought this book to light. Michael W. Goheen, Burnaby, B.C., Canada Erin G. Glanville, Sydney, NSW, Australia NOTES 1 The way we are using the word “religious” will become clear in the later essays. Perhaps the first paragraphs of Egbert Schuurman’s essay in this book offers a brief synopsis. 2 Robert Webber, Who Gets to Narrate the World? Contending for the Christian Story in an Age of Rivals (Downers Grove, IN: Intervarsity Press, 2008), 11. 3 Richard Bauckham, Bible and Mission: Christian Witness in a Postmodern World (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2003), 87. 4 The name “LambLight” comes from Revelation 21:23-24 where the author de- scribes the New Jerusalem: “The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp. The nations will walk by its light, and the kings of the earth will bring their splendour into it”. Introduction by Michael W. Goheen and Erin G. Glanville A critical question for Christians to ask if they want to live faith- fully in the world is, ‘What time is it?’ Where are we at in our cul- ture’s story? What are the most powerful dynamics and forces that are shaping our world today? Perhaps three words begin to answer these questions—at least for those of us living in the West: globalization, postmodernity, and consumerism.
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