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A Short History of the First Liberian Republic
Joseph Saye Guannu A Short History of the First Liberian Republic Third edition Star*Books Contents Preface viii About the author x The new state and its government Introduction The Declaration of Independence and Constitution Causes leading to the Declaration of Independence The Constitutional Convention The Constitution The kind of state and system of government 4 The kind of state Organization of government System of government The l1ag and seal of Liberia The exclusion and inclusion of ethnic Liberians The rulers and their administrations 10 Joseph Jenkins Roberts Stephen Allen Benson Daniel Bashiel Warner James Spriggs Payne Edward James Roye James Skirving Smith Anthony William Gardner Alfred Francis Russell Hilary Richard Wright Johnson JosephJames Cheeseman William David Coleman Garretson Wilmot Gibson Arthur Barclay Daniel Edward Howard Charles Dunbar Burgess King Edwin James Barclay William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman William Richard Tolbert PresidentiaI succession in Liberian history 36 BeforeRoye After Roye iii A Short HIstory 01 the First lIberlJn Republlc The expansion of presidential powers 36 The socio-political factors The economic factors Abrief history of party politics 31 Before the True Whig Party The True Whig Party Interior policy of the True Whig Party Major oppositions to the True Whig Party The Election of 1927 The Election of 1951 The Election of 1955 The plot that failed Questions Activities 2 Territorial expansion of, and encroachment on, Liberia 4~ Introduction 41 Two major reasons for expansion 4' Economic -
TRC of Liberia Final Report Volum Ii
REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II: CONSOLIDATED FINAL REPORT This volume constitutes the final and complete report of the TRC of Liberia containing findings, determinations and recommendations to the government and people of Liberia Volume II: Consolidated Final Report Table of Contents List of Abbreviations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<............. i Acknowledgements <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... iii Final Statement from the Commission <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<............... v Quotations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 1 1.0 Executive Summary <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 2 1.1 Mandate of the TRC <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 2 1.2 Background of the Founding of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... 3 1.3 History of the Conflict <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<................ 4 1.4 Findings and Determinations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 6 1.5 Recommendations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... 12 1.5.1 To the People of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 12 1.5.2 To the Government of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<. <<<<<<. 12 1.5.3 To the International Community <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 13 2.0 Introduction <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 14 2.1 The Beginning <<................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Profile of Commissioners of the TRC of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<.. 14 2.3 Profile of International Technical Advisory Committee <<<<<<<<<. 18 2.4 Secretariat and Specialized Staff <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 20 2.5 Commissioners, Specialists, Senior Staff, and Administration <<<<<<.. 21 2.5.1 Commissioners <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 22 2.5.2 International Technical Advisory -
Liberian Studies Journal
VOLUME XIV 1989 NUMBER 2 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL r 8 °W LIBERIA -8 °N 8 °N- MONSERRADO MARGIBI MARYLAND Geography Department 10 °W University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown 8oW 1 Published by THE LIBERIAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION, INC. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Cover map: compiled by William Kory, cartography work by Jodie Molnar; Geography Department, University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME XIV 1989 NUMBER 2 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL Editor D. Elwood Dunn The University of the South Associate Editor Similih M. Cordor Kennesaw College Book Review Editor Dalvan M. Coger Memphis State University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Bertha B. Azango Lawrence B. Breitborde University of Liberia Beloit College Christopher Clapham Warren L. d'Azevedo Lancaster University University of Nevada Reno Henrique F. Tokpa Thomas E. Hayden Cuttington University College Africa Faith and Justice Network Svend E. Holsoe J. Gus Liebenow University of Delaware Indiana University Corann Okorodudu Glassboro State College Edited at the Department of Political Science, The University of the South PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS THE LIBERIAN ECONOMY ON APRIL 1980: SOME REFLECTIONS 1 by Ellen Johnson Sirleaf COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF AGRICULTURE AMONG THE KPELLE: KPELLE FARMING THROUGH KPELLE EYES 23 by John Gay "PACIFICATION" UNDER PRESSURE: A POLITICAL ECONOMY OF LIBERIAN INTERVENTION IN NIMBA 1912 -1918 ............ 44 by Martin Ford BLACK, CHRISTIAN REPUBLICANS: DELEGATES TO THE 1847 LIBERIAN CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION ........................ 64 by Carl Patrick Burrowes TRIBE AND CHIEFDOM ON THE WINDWARD COAST 90 by Warren L. -
Liberian Studies Journal
VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL (-011111Insea.,.... , .. o r r AFA A _ 2?-. FOR SALE 0.1+* CHARLIE No 4 PO ßox 419, MECNttt+ ST tR il LIBERIA C MONROVIA S.. ) J;1 MMNNIIN. il4j 1 Edited by: Svend E. Holsoe, Frederick D. McEvoy, University of Delaware Marshall University PUBLISHED AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor African Art Stores, Monrovia. (Photo: Jane J. Martin) PDF compression, OCR, web optimizationi using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL EDITED BY Svend E. Holsoe Frederick D. McEvoy University of Delaware Marshall University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Igolima T. D. Amachree Western Illinois University J. Bernard Blamo Mary Antoinette Brown Sherman College of Liberal & Fine Arts William V. S. Tubman Teachers College University of Liberia University of Liberia George E. Brooks, Jr. Warren L. d'Azevedo Indiana University University of Nevada David Dalby Bohumil Holas School of Oriental and African Studies Centre des Science Humaines University of London Republique de Côte d'Ivoire James L. Gibbs, Jr. J. Gus Liebenow Stanford University Indiana University Bai T. Moore Ministry of Information, Cultural Affairs & Tourism Republic of Liberia Published at the Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware James E. Williams Business Manager PDFb compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS page THE LIBERIAN ECONOMY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: THE STATE OF AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE, by M. B. Akpan 1 THE RISE AND DECLINE OF KRU POWER: FERNANDO PO IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, by Ibrahim K. -
African American Settlements in West Africa John Brown Russwurm and the American Civilizing Efforts
01_Beyan_FM.qxd 20/6/05 8:24 PM Page i African American Settlements in West Africa John Brown Russwurm and the American Civilizing Efforts Amos J. Beyan 01_Beyan_FM.qxd 20/6/05 8:24 PM Page ii AFRICAN AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS IN WEST AFRICA © Amos J. Beyan, 2005. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1–4039–6891–8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Beyan, Amos Jones. African American settlements in West Africa : John Brown Russwurm and the American civilizing efforts / Amos J. Beyan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 1–4039–6891–8 1. Russwurm, John Brown, 1799–1851. 2. Liberia—History—To 1847. 3. African Americans—Colonization—Liberia—History—19th century. 4. African Americans—Liberia—Biography. 5. Governors—Liberia—Biography. I. Title. DT633.3.R87B49 2005 966 62Ј01Ј092—dc22 [B] 2005040546 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. -
Africa and Liberia in World Politics
© COPYRIGHT by Chandra Dunn 2016 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED AFRICA AND LIBERIA IN WORLD POLITICS BY Chandra Dunn ABSTRACT This dissertation analyzes Liberia’s puzzling shift from a reflexive allegiance to the United States (US) to a more autonomous, anti-colonial, and Africanist foreign policy during the early years of the Tolbert administration (1971-1975) with a focus on the role played by public rhetoric in shaping conceptions of the world which engendered the new policy. For the overarching purpose of understanding the Tolbert-era foreign-policy actions, this study traces the use of the discursive resources Africa and Liberia in three foreign policy debates: 1) the Hinterland Policy (1900-05), 2) the creation of the Organization for African Unity (OAU) (1957- 1963), and finally, 3) the Tolbert administration’s autonomous, anti-colonial foreign policy (1971-1975). The specifications of Liberia and Africa in the earlier debates are available for use in subsequent debates and ultimately play a role in the adoption of the more autonomous and anti-colonial foreign policy. Special attention is given to the legitimation process, that is, the regular and repeated way in which justifications are given for pursuing policy actions, in public discourse in the United States, Europe, Africa, and Liberia. The analysis highlights how political opponents’ justificatory arguments and rhetorical deployments drew on publicly available powerful discursive resources and in doing so attempted to define Liberia often in relation to Africa to allow for certain courses of action while prohibiting others. Political actors claimed Liberia’s membership to the purported supranational cultural community of Africa. -
Liberian Studies Journal
2J VOLUME XXVI, 2001 Number 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL LIBERIA 8°N B°N MONSERRADO MARSI B 66N 66N MILES 0 50 MARYLAN GuocrOphr Otporlinen1 10°W VW Urifirsity el Pillsque ilk al Jolmitava Published by THE LIBERIAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION, INC. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL Editorial Policy The Liberian Studies Journal is dedicated to the publication of original research on social, political, economic, scientific, and other issues about Liberia or with implications for Liberia. Opinions of contributors to the Journal do not necessarily reflect the policy of the organizations they represent or the Liberian Studies Association, publishers of the Journal. Manuscript Requirements Manuscripts intended for consideration should not exceed 25 typewritten, double-spaced pages, with margins of one-and-a-half inches. The page limit includes graphs, references, tables and appendices. Authors must, in addition to their manuscripts, submit a computer disk of their work, preferably in WordPerfect 6.1 for Windows. Notes and references should be placed at the end of the text with headings, e.g., Notes; References. Notes, if any, should precede the references. The Journal is published in June and December. Deadline for the first issue is February, and for the second, August. Manuscripts should include a title page that provides the title of the text, author's name, address, phone number, and affiliation. All works will be reviewed by anonymous referees. Manuscripts are accepted in English and French. Manuscripts must conform to the editorial style of either the Chicago Manual of Style (the preferred style), or the American Psychological Association (APA) or Modern Language Association (MLA). -
African-Americans' Rule in Liberia
Ahmed Draia University – Adrar Faculty of Letters and Languages Department of English Letters and Language African-Americans’ Rule in Liberia (1840 -1900) A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Master’s Degree in Literature and Civilization Presented by Members of the Jury Naima Guerrout Supervisor: Prof. Aziz Mostefaoui Amina Berrahal President: Dr. Abbou Tahar Examiner: Pr. BORSALI Fewzi Academic Year: 2019 – 2020 Dedication With all my love to: - My lovely parents who spiritually strengthened me with their prayers. - My lovely husband and children who have kept looking forward to my post graduation. - My dear brothers and sisters. - My nephew Mourad and my friend Hamida who have encouraged me all the way through my study. - My friends who kept pushing me to do my best. - All my colleagues. - All my teachers. - All those who believed in me and prayed for my success. o Naima Guerrout I dedicate this humble work to my dear parents who have devoted their lives to building mine. I will be eternally grateful for their love, support, patience, and for everything they have done so that I can reach this level. I cannot name all people, but a special thanks should be addressed to my beloved sisters, brothers, colleagues, teachers, and to all those who believed in me and helped me to be the person I am today. o Amina Berrahal II Acknowledgements First of all, we want to thank Allah for helping us to complete this work. Then, we would like to express our deep gratitude and thanks to Prof. Mostefaoui, who gave us the opportunity to conduct this research, for his follow-up and enormous and continuous support which he did not stop providing us with throughout the duration of the research. -
The Open Door Policy of Liberia
VEROFFENTLICHUNGEN AUS DEM UBERSEE-MUSEUM BREMEN Reihe F Bremer Afrika Archiv Band 17/2 Bremen 1983 Im Selbstverlag des Museums The Open Door Policy of Liberia An Economic History of Modern Liberia R R M. van der Kraaij CONTENTS VOLUME II List of Annexes ii Footnotes 4-61 Introduction 4-61 Chapter 1 . .4-62 Chapter 2 ........ .4-65 Chapter 3 ........ .4-72 Chapter 4- ........ .4-78 Chapter 5 .4-83 Chapter 6 . .4-86 Chapter 7 492 Chapter 8 500 Chapter 9 ........ .509 Chapter 10 ........ .513 Chapter 11 '. .518 Chapter 12 ........ .522 Chapter 13 .528 Annexes 531 Bibliography 662 Curriculum Vitae 703 Index 704. ii LIST OF ANNEXES Page 1 One of the gaps in Liberian History: President Roye's death and his succession 531 2 The Open Door: The question of immigration 533 3 Statement of the public debt 1914-1926 536 4 Public Debt as at August 31, 1926 537 5 Letter dated July 12, 1971 from L. Kwia Johnson, Acting Secretary of the Treasury to A.G. Lund, President, Firestone Plantations Company 538 6 Letter dated October 7, 1969 from W. Edward Greaves, Under Secretary for Revenues to R.F. Dempster, Comptroller, Firestone Plantations Company 539 7 The Planting Agreement of 1926 with amendments of 1935", 1936, 1937, 1939, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1959, 1962 and 1965. 540 8 Summary Table of renegotiation of the 1926 Planting Agreement with Firestone 1974 - 1975 - 1976 551 9 A comparison of four gold and/or diamond mining concession agreements 567 10 The "Columbia Southern Chemical Corporation" concession agreement (1956) and the "Liberian Beach Sands Exploitation Company" mining con- cession agreement (1973). -
Liberia, Its Poverty Recovery Strategies and Failures, and Why Its Pro-Poor Agenda Will Fail If Lacked Future Perspectives
Liberia, its Poverty Recovery Strategies and Failures, and why Its Pro-poor Agenda will Fail if Lacked Future Perspectives The Quest for Economic Reform and Liberation 1871 - 2017 By Robert Quiminee Abstract This article does not in any way strive to condemn any economic recovery plans in Liberia, all have been penned with the hope of restituting poverty with prosperity, but nearly all remain a plan, strategy and a goal yet to take its significance course and effect the ordinary Liberians, rather have only restituted and benefited a few Liberians with the majority striving in poverty, surviving on less a $1US dollar a day. This article is penned not really as a model or an economic recovery policy, but seeks to challenge current policy makers, and make stakeholders cognizance that the struggles to bring economic freedom is not new; even at the height of the dictator Charles G. Taylor and the pearl of the depression of Samuel K. Doe; they both have the greatest economic recovery plan for Liberia than many of the democratic civilian leaders, accept William Richard Tolbert Jr., who was killed with Liberia’s greatest recovery plan. This article seeks to highlight economic recovery and reform policies, particularly the ones concern with the poor Liberians from the 1st Republic of 1869 to the 2nd Republic of 2017; Liberia, its Poverty Recovery Strategies and Failures, and why it Pro-poor Agenda will fail if Lacked Future Perspectives; and it quest for economic recovery and liberation from 1871 – 2017. i Acronyms NGOs – Non Governmental organizations ACS - American Colonization Society CIA – Central Intelligent Agency PRO – Public Relation Officers PAL – Progressive Alliance of Liberia MOJA – Movement of Justice in Africa U.S. -
Report No Available from Descriptors Abstract
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 373 127 UD 030 023 AUTHOR Ham, Debra Newman, Ed.; And Others TITLE The African-American Mosaic. A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Black History and Culture. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. REPORT NO ISBN-0-8444-0800-X PUB DATE 93 NOTE 319p. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Historical Materials (060) Reference Materials Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Bibliographic Records; Black Culture; *Black History; *Civil Rights; Civil War (United States); Library Guides; *Library materials; *Racial Relations; Slavery; *United States History; User Needs (Information); World War I; World War II IDENTIFIERS *African Americans; Library of Congress ABSTRACT This book presents a broad survey of the Library of Congress's holdings concerning the history and culture of black Americans in the United States. It provides titles of bibliographies, other guides, aids to finding materials, and individual items. This guide, which is arranged chronologically, discusses Library of Congress collections in three main parts: Part 1, "African-Americans in the Antebellum Period," includes materials about: slavery; free blacks; and abolitionists' antislavery movements, and sectional controversy. Part 2, "Emancipation and Beyond," begins with the Civil War, moves into the Reconstruction era, (which includes materials dating to approximately 1880) ,and ends with what is called the Booker T. Washington era, which spans the years from 1880 to approximately 1915. Part 3, "And the Pursuit of Happiness," discusses: World War I and Postwar Society; the Depression, the New Deal, and World War II; and the Civil Rights era. -
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VOLUME Ill 1970-1971 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL Edited by: Svend E. Holsoe, David M. Foley, University of Delaware University of Georgia PUBLISHED AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE Cover photograph: Brass ring, use unknown. Called Dwit:i. Collected 1965 near Barclayville, Grand Cess Territory. 10 1/2" wide, 3" high, 27 lbs. Svend E. Holsoe Collection VOLUME III 1970-1971 NUMBER l LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL EDITED BY Svend E. Holsoe David M. Foiey University of Delaware University of Georgia EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD John Blamo College of Liberal Arts University of Liberia Mary Antoinette Brown William V. S. Tubman Teachers College University of Liberia George E. Brooks, Jr. Warren L. d'Azevedo Indiana University University of Nevada David Dalby Bohumil Holas School of Oriental and African Studies Centre des Science Humaines University of London Republique de COte d'Ivoire James L. Gibbs, Jr. ]. Gus Liebenow Stanford University Indiana University Bai T. Moore Department of Information and Cultural Affairs Republic of Liberia Published at the Department of Anthropology, University of Del aw are Emphasizing the social sciences and humanities, the Liberian Studies Journal is a semiannual publication devoted to studies of Africa's oldest republic. ~ price of subscription is $5 . 00 a year (additional charges for overseas air mail). The views expressed herein are those of the individual contributors, and do not necessarily reflect those of the editors or The Liberian Studies Association in America. Copyright 1971 by The Liberian Studies Association in America, Inc. Manuscripts, correspondence and subscriptions should be sent to: Liberian Studies, Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711.