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An Ottoman Coronation Feast by Naila Al-Zarqa'

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An Ottoman Coronation Feast by Naila Al-Zarqa' An Ottoman Coronation Feast by Naila Al-Zarqa’ Apprenticed to Maestra Gracia Esperanca de Seville Welcome! I’m so glad you could join us. In honor of our newly crowned Sultan and Sultana I have sought to bring you delights from the lands of the Ottomans, sumptuous dishes to tempt your palate and enchant your senses. 1 Contents Challenges ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Sources of Information ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Geography of the Ottoman Empire .................................................................................................................................................. 5 History of the Ottoman Empire ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Anatolia Before the Ottomans ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 Hellenization ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7 The Rise of Rome .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Enter Islam .............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Abbasid Caliphate ................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Seljuk Turks ........................................................................................................................................................................... 10 The Crusades ......................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Storm from the East .............................................................................................................................................................. 11 Pax Mongolica and the Silk Route ......................................................................................................................................... 11 The Rise of an Empire ................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Anatolian Beyliks ................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Osman: Founding of a Dynasty ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Orhan: Sultan of the Gazis, Gazi son of Gazi ......................................................................................................................... 12 Murad I: the Most Exalted Sultan ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Beyezid I: Sultan of the Roman Empire ................................................................................................................................. 13 The Heights of Power ................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Mehmed II: the Conqueror ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Beyezid II: the Saint ............................................................................................................................................................... 13 Selim I: Servant of Mecca and Medina .................................................................................................................................. 14 Suleiman the Magnificent ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 The Long Fall .............................................................................................................................................................................. 14 Influences ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Menu Design ................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Daily Meals and Banquets .......................................................................................................................................................... 16 This Feast ................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Dishes served ........................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Method of service ................................................................................................................................................................. 17 Menu ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 A few notes ........................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Redactions ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 References ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 2 Challenges Per the wishes of Their Majesties, I have reigned in the extravagance of the Ottoman Empire somewhat and provided dishes that are more comfortable to the modern palate and generally consist of lots of meat. This was a bit more challenging than you might expect. Designing an Ottoman menu with lots of meat was easy: few are the dishes that don’t contain any meat. However, many of the other ingredients, while still used today in middle eastern cooking, are not well known to the American palate. Spices such as spikenard and mastic, ingredients such as sheep’s brain and offal which were considered delicacies. Other ingredients, such as ambergris, musk, and asafoetida are difficult or impossible to source today, a common issue for the recreationist cook. Limiting or avoiding their use limits the available recipes. As with any research into the medieval era, language is an issue, in that I don’t speak the language the primary resources are written in. In the case of non-European cultures, it is even more of an issue, as while many of these resources have been translated to a modern language, it generally isn’t English and thus is not one I speak fluently if at all. As the core of the Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey after World War I, many of the records of the Topkapi Palace (which I will elaborate on later) have been translated to modern Turkish and some to French as well. I don’t speak Turkish and my French could best be described as ‘extremely out of practice’ so I am reliant on those few resources which have been subsequently translated to English. While I am extremely grateful to those translators, I am also at the mercy of the accuracy of their translation skills and the veracity of their conclusions. Words may become lost to time, or their meanings may change or be obscured. They have done the best they can, and I will take their words as truth until a new translation or scholarly analysis introduces an alternate explanation. Adding to the difficulty, very few (approx.. 80) recipes exist from the medieval Ottoman period. Of these, approximately half have been translated to English that I know of. I was fortunate to be given access to these. Supplementing these with other recipes from that region allows me to expand the available list significantly (and in some ways made it harder to choose which recipes to serve). Justifying my use of these other cookbooks is the primary purpose of this documentation. I hope the recipes i chose are to your liking; comfortable and just a little bit challenging (for without challenge life would be boring). Relax, enjoy the feast,
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