The Texas Observer Nov. 25, 1966

A Journal of Free Voices A Window to The South 25c

EMI my RC is all the sums he has not counted: subtract us into nakedness and night again, and you shall see begin in Crete four thousand years ago the love that ended yesterday in Texas. The seed of our destruction will blossom in the desert, the alexin of our cure grows by a mountain rock, and our lives are haunted by a Georgia slattern, because a London cutpurse went unhung. Each moment is the fruit of forty thousand years. The minute-winning days, like flies, buzz home to death, and every moment is a window on all time.

Photograph and design: Bill Bridges Trrfigil MOSE

Alpine, Texas Ranch Road 385

Alpine is a fresh lust, Was fine in the afternoon of November 2nd Undesiccated steer, Because the bright sun shone on the sheen of green Air of a spatial dust, In the leaves of the stunted sideroad trees, and brought Discovery of Coors beer, Fire from the tips of the leaves the very last night's Freezing air had barely nipped and reddened, and Place where eroded rocks A docile family of deer stood blending Are seldom touched by rain On the left into the land of caliche crops, And local saddlejocks Gnarled junipers, and tufts of bleached buff grasses, And a single deer in the right roadside turned Seldom meet a train, Its tail and incredibly gracefully flowed as I slowed Yet Sunset Limited Over a patch of the endless barbed wire fence, Can intersect full moon And the road rolled, and distant mountain vistas Appeared and were framed and unframed by shifting mesas Rising, as if a dead And my car gleamed rubiest red as it went forward Man met himself at noon, From above Mountain Home past Harper to under London.

And a man can go from there Then clouds took hold, took over. Cautiously Passing a Brahma bull stolidly standing Down to Big Bend, then back Broadside across my lane near the Llano River There, and for six days swear (One side of most Cattle Guards one finds Loose Livestock), He has no inner lack. I took dull roads toward home.

—Thomas Whitbread An editorial: Mood and eitterneoo

And when people are entering upon a Hanson Baldwin has now made another science of the Senate for many decades, war they do things the wrong way round. prediction. "Military men in Saigon and but not, alas, on Vietnam. In Oregon Mark Action comes first, and it is only when Washington," he said, estimate that the Hatfield, who is against escalation, won. they have already suffered that they begin total U.S. troops "that will ultimately be But we also know General Curtis LeMay's to think. needed [in Vietnam] vary from 600,000 to solution — that we bomb the Vietnamese Athenians to the Spartans, in Sparta, 750,000 men." back "into the Stone Ages." before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian The other way is to determine to nego- War: Thucydides. 4 tiate; to want to negotiate, as Eisenhower President Lyndon Johnson of Texas has wanted to negotiate peace in Korea, and In June, 1965, Senator Fulbright went arrived now at a crisis in his and his na- did. 0 melancholy fact!—but there it is: into his office in Washington one morn- tion's life; a crisis, too, in the life of the The evidence stretched from here to the ing and read, "with quickening interest," world, if he now once again makes this Gulf of Tonkin declares that up till now his biographer Tris Coffin says, a story still "a wider war." President Johnson has not wanted to by Hanson Baldwin, The New York Times' His own crisis is•both political and per- negotiate, but only to win on the mili- military writer, predicting that American sonal. Unless the Vietnam fighting has tary's terms; or if, sporadically, he has troops in Vietnam would be increased to stopped by 1968, he will be in deep trou- wanted to negotiate, he has not been a full battle army of 250,000 to 300,000 ble for re-election. Personally his whole serious enough, or patient enough, in that men. hurricane-like self has been committed desire, to give negotiations time to get That was incredible. It had been holy to the course of the war's escalation and ahead. The closest, coolest scholars of the writ in Washington that we must never victory without concessions. How, then, history of the last three years conclude get bogged down in a land war in Asia. is the fighting to be stopped by 1968? that just as the climate has warmed up Even MacArthur said so. This news Only two ways suggest themselves. The for negotiations, each time the Johnson meant, as Coffin said, "a drastic change first is the way of passion, the second, Administration has blasted away with new of policy and a new escalation — without of reason. escalation, new bombing. [President Johnson] consulting Congress The far right wing and the military men President Johnson must now, for his or its leaders." Only a year earlier Secre- Hanson Baldwin is quoting want escala- country and for his own sake, achieve tary McNamara had said no one in gov- tion, and more escalation. They seek that more self-detachment than he has had be- ernment believed the addition or intro- "wider war." They believe in it. They lust fore. Yes, if he negotiates now, there will duction of U.S. ground combat troops in for it. Among the important winners in be some "I told you so's," and men he has South Vietnam "would favorably affect the elections just concluded, only Ronald berated and despised will feel that they the situation there." Yet Hanson Bald- Reagan in California is suspected of still have been shown right. But only by pul- win's prediction was right. wanting to turn Vietnam into a parking ling back from the brink—only by seeing In the Times of November 12, 1966 — lot. In Illinois Charles Percy was more that he has been acting out a Frontier just a flick of days past the off-year elec- restrained about the war than Senator way of thinking about the great, good tions so disastrous for the Democrats — Paul Douglas, who has been the con- world—only by refusing to risk the life of this world in nuclear holocast to prove himself right — can Lyndon John- THE TEXAS OBSERVER son reclaim his career and his nation from © Texas Observer Co., Ltd. 1966 tragic disaster. A Journal of Free Voices A Window to the South 60th YEAR — ESTABLISHED 1906 4 Citizens may be able to take heart at Vol. 58, No. 22 November 25, 1966 new signs that President Johnson may Incorporating the State Observer and the selves written, and in publishing them the edi- now be more serious about peace in Viet- East Texas Democrat, which in turn incor- tor does not necessarily imply that he agrees nam than he has been before. James Res- ported the State Week and Austin Forum- with them, because this is a journal of free ton writes: Advocate. voices. We will serve no group or party but will hew "He did not pick Llewellyn Thompson hard to the truth as we find it and the right Subscription Representatives: Arlington, George N. Green, 416 Summit, Apt. to go to Moscow as his ambassador in as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole -41, CR 7- 0080; Austin, Mrs. Helen C. Spear, 2615 Pecos, order to articulate a more belligerent poli- truth, to human values above all interests, to HO 5-1805; Corpus Christi, Penny Dudley, cy. It is understood that he personally the rights of man as the foundation of democ- 1224% Second St., TU4-1460; Dallas, Mrs. Cor- racy; we will take orders from none but our dye Hall, 5835 Ellsworth, TA 1-1205; Denton, decided to offer to get all US troops out own conscience, and never will we overlook or Fred Lusk, Box 8134 NTS, 387-3119; Ft. Worth, of Vietnam after the fighting stops, misrepresent the truth to serve the interests Dolores Jacobsen, 3025 Greene Ave., WA 4-9655; against the advice of some of his aides. . . . of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the Houston, Mrs. Shirley Jay, 10306 Cliffwood Dr., human spirit. PA 3-8682; Lubbock, Doris Blaisdell, 2515 24th Also, it is reported that in recent weeks Editor and General Manager, St., Midland, Eva Dennis, 4306 Douglas, OX 4- the President has been questioning Secre- Ronnie Dugger. 2825; Odessa, Enid Turner, 1706 Glenwood, EM Partner, Mrs. R. D. Randolph. 6-2269; San Antonio, Mrs. Mae B. Tuggle, 531 tary of State Rusk and Secretary of De- Associate Editor, Greg Olds. Elmhurst, TA 6-3583; Cambridge, Mass., Victor fense McNamara more sharply about Business Manager, Sarah Payne. Emanuel, Adams House C112. where this war is leading. . . ." Associate Manager, C. R. Olofson. The Observer is published by Texas Observer If these signs mean that the President Contributing Editors, Elroy Bode, Bill Bram- Co., Ltd., biweekly from Austin, Texas. En- mer, Larry Goodwyn, Harris Green, Dave Hic- tered as second-class matter April 26, 1937, at is considering whether he may have been key, Franklin Jones, Lyman Jones, Larry L. the Post Office at Austin, Texas, under the Act wrong in his Vietnam policy and is looking King, Georgia Earnest Klipple, Al Melinger, Robert L. Montgomery, Willie Morris, James of March 3, 1879. Second class postage paid at for a way to extricate himself and his Presley, Charles Ramsdell, Roger Shattuck, Austin, Texas. Delivered postage prepaid $6.00 country from the consequences of that Robert Sherrill, Dan Strawn, Tom Sutherland, a year; two years, $11.00; three years, $15.00. fact, good! For as Reston also and truly Charles Alan Wright. Foreign rates on request. Single copies 25c; Staff Artist, Charles Erickson. prices for ten or more for students, or bulk wrote: Contributing Photographer, Russell Lee. orders, on request. "The coming year will be critical for The editor has exclusive control over the edi- President Johnson. It will be a limited torial policies and contents of the Observer. Editorial and Business Offices: The Texas None of the other people who are associated Observer, 504 West 24th St., Austin, Texas 78705. period of opportunity before the renewal with the enterprise shares this responsibility Telephone GR 7-0746. of the political wars in the presidential with him. Writers are responsible for their own Change of Address: Please give old and new campaign of 1968, and if peace is to be work, but not for anything they have not them- address and allow three weeks. achieved in Vietnam, these next twelve months will have to be used far more but cut it back, than that he risk the end the war, as he should, let him do it then adroitly and quietly than the last twelve. of the world to try to finish off North with no puny fear of inconsistency. "They Otherwise, Vietnam will really be the Vietnam in time for his re-election. Surely say I am inconsistent," Walt Whitman central issue of the '68 campaign, as it the chances of ending the war do not lie wrote somewhere. "All right, I am incon- was not in the mid-terms [last] week." in that direction. Escalation has been sistent! I am large — I contain ampli- tried and tried, and it just hasn't worked. tudes." Lyndon Johnson, history knows, is 4 Every justification of more troops, more large, and contains amplitudes. Let him In the next few days, weeks, or months, bombing, as the way to end the war, to end the war, then, with concessions; with the President will make a decision on bring Ho to the conference table, has broadness of heart, and with love of his what to do now and will commit himself fellow man, whatever government he lives and us all to its consequences. It would turned to blood and bitterness. If, as Mr. be better that he let the war drag out, Reston hopes, the President wants to end under, wherever he lives in the world. Carr's Bid Victim of Undertow Austin Establishment Democratic precincts, Lat- Tower in the U.S. Senate, BuSh and Bob Price of Pampa in the U.S. House, four The crosscurrents that are Texas poli- in, labor, Negro, and liberal boxes re- corded lighter turnout percentages. As a state legislators (including Grover in the tics in the 1960's pushed John Tower Senate). All G.O.P. incumbents seeking re- • along to a return to the U.S. Senate, a result, Gov. John Connally is virtually certain to control the Democratic Party election won, including county judges in drowning out the hopes of Atty. Gen. Wag- Harrison, Kerr, and Midland counties; goner Carr. The challenger went down in its state and local conventions in 1968. Delegate strengths of those conventions commissioners in Ector, Hutchinson, Pe- because of several conflicting tides of cos, and Randall counties; two justices of opinion among the state's voters. Estab- the peace in Bexar County and one in lishment Democrats believed, on the Kenedy County. Newly-elected Republi- whole, that Tower well represents their cans include justices of the peace in Har- views in Washington; they were largely ris, Dallas, Brazoria, and Wharton coun- unconvinced that there was any reason ties; county commissioners in Jeff Davis, to make a change. Latin American voters Kenedy, Pecos, and Midland counties; and were a surprising source of strength for a new tax assessor-collector in Midland. Tower; enough of them defected from their normal Democratic voting habits to, Tower's cutting into the Latin vote is for instance, carry Bexar County for the most largely traceable to Carr's presence senator. Liberal and labor voters, wary of with Gov. Connally at the New Braunfels the challenge that Carr, as senator, would confrontation during La Marcha, a pres- ence that was widely publicized in Latin pose to the power and prestige of U.S. __- Sen. Ralph Yarborough and slighted by precincts during the campaign. Starr Carr throughout the campaign, took the a iallon4 County, home of the Latin farm workers Tower-Carr race as another opportunity to YOU'LL EiE SoRRY, RALPg YARBoRoaCill I ! who marched to Austin, gave Tower 22% encourage a two-party Texas. Negro voters (803) of the votes there, compared to 5% were the only usual source of Demo- are based on the vote in the governor's (101 votes) in 1961. One Carr campaign cratic strength that stayed with Carr. race in the preceding general election. leader has said that El Paso was lost be- As in 1961, Tower's victory was largely cause of Carr's role in the march. Celso A computer analysis the day after the Moreno, a Tower campaign assistant, in the cities, with margins in the 16 coun- elections showed tentatively that Carr ties of over-100,000 population forming the found that 37 El Paso precincts with Latin carried 78% of the Latin vote, substantial- voters favored Carr by only 58%. Of 18 nucleus of his winning margin. He won 15 ly below what a Democrat normally ex- of those counties, with some percentages almost totally Latin precincts in San An- pects. If the computer report is accurate, tonio, Tower, despite the efforts of Cong. of 60%, losing only McLennan County Negroes voted 93% for Carr, Anglos 65% (Waco). In 1961 Tower won 10 of the Henry B. Gonzalez, got 25% of the vote, for Tower; the higher income groups were compared to 6% in 1961. Those 18 boxes state's 16 metropolitan- counties. He reported to have voted 77% G.O.P.; mid- showed increased strength throughout the in San Antonio cost Carr 8,000 votes — dle income, 59% G.O.P.; and lower in- his margin of defeat in the county. Seagal state, winning 140 of the 254 counties, come, 69% Democratic. compared to 75 in 1961. Many of the coun- Wheatley, Bexar County GOP chairman Ticket splitting was more frequent than in San Antonio, addressing a victory cele- ties which the senator carried were usual in any previous Texas election. In Harris Democratic strongholds. Probably the bration election night, said, "I want you County, for instance, many voters in one to know what was the difference in this most startling Tower win was in Jeffer- Congressional district supported Demo- son County, where he won by nearly 2-1. election. It was the [Latin] West Side of crats, except for Tower, Henry Grover San Antonio. Take Box 15, which was 2% He carried eight counties which had never (elected to the State Senate), and George been won by a Republican before — Palo [for the G.O.P.] in 1964. It went 27% for Bush ( the new Congressman), meaning Senator Tower. . . . The people who live Pinto, Angelina, San Augustine, Tyler, that those voters had to jump from the Bowie, Wood, Lampasas, and Titus. The on the [prosperous] North Side didn't do Democrats' column to the G.O.P.'s two or that. You did it, the Latinos for Tower." senator's staff reported surprise at Tow- three times. er's winning Jefferson, Bexar, El Paso, Eddie Montez, a businessman who cam- Nueces, and Travis Counties. The 50,000- Who voted for Tower? Probably the paigned for Carr, said "that marcha really vote edge in Harris County was a sur- breakdown was about 100,000 liberals, hurt us." Cty. Comm. Albert Pena said, "I prise too; 30,000 votes had been the mar- 365,000 Republicans, and 375,000 Estab- don't think anyone could have turned the gin looked for. Tower said that he had lishment Democrats. The figure for the vote away which Tower got among Mexi- expected to get 52% of the votes; he got liberal vote takes into account the fact can-Americans. The Connally-Carr con- 56.5%. that 88,000 fewer people voted in the gu- frontation on the marcha affected many bernatorial race, in which there were two people very deeply. I don't think that conservatives running. The Republican Mexican-Americans who voted for Tower T HE VOTE was lighter than ex- figure is the number of votes Connally's are going to stay in the Republican col- pected — 1,486,055 ballots cast. Republi- opponent, T. E. Kennerly, received. cans turned out in good, strength, while Republicans elected in Texas include November . 25, 1966 3 lumn — if the Democratic Party offers ( the Political Association of Spanish- half of votes for Tower or urged union candidates who offer the Mexican-Ameri- speaking Organizations) and the liberals' members not to vote. The State AFL-CIO can some degree of understanding." Rebuilding Committee were reported ac- office has prepared a report in which it is In each of two South Texas cities a lo- tive in Tower's behalf. P.A.S.O. worked, pointed out that of 27 Texas counties that cal race influenced the crossing of party in particular, five Hidalgo Latin boxes, have area labor councils and Committees lines by Latin voters. In San Antonio Cty. where the vote was for Tower, 1,023 to on Political Education (C.O.P.E.), only Comm. Otto Wurzbach had angered many 891. Of Hidalgo County's 44 precincts, three went for Carr — McLennan, Bell, Latins by some remarks about the Mexi- Tower carried all 13 that are considered and Grayson Counties. Columnist Joseph can-American vote. This sired an organiza- conservative, all six that were about half- Kraft reports that "heavy White House tion called "M.A.D." (Mexican-American liberal and half-conservative, and six of 25 pressure" was exerted on Texas labor to Democrats) which drummed up support liberal precincts. Attorney Bob Sanchez endorse Carr. for Wurzbach's Republican opponent. In of McAllen guided the Rebuilding Com- Examination of some precincts around Corpus Christi Republican Charles Scog- mittee's efforts in the Valley, encouraging the state provides clues to the nature of gins won election to the legislature with a light vote in liberal precincts. The liber- Tower's win. In Harris County many la- the aid of some Latin votes, despite the al turnout in Hidalgo County was about bor precincts that provided big majorities fact that Scoggins was running against a 30%. Sanchez, in his campaign literature, for John Kennedy in 1960 and Yarborough Latin, Al Gonzales. Gonzales had defeated urged Latins either to go fishing or to vote in 1964 went for Tower. There was little Tony Bonilla in a primary race that left Republican. decline in the lopsided majorities given the Latin community of Corpus Christi the Democrats by Negroes (about 90% ), split. Disgruntled Bonilla followers joined ORGANIZED LABOR had offi- but Harris County Latins, as others across Republican voters to help Scoggins win. cially avoided an endorsement in the the state, were less inclined towards the Some of these factors carried over into race, as officials had felt that neither Tow- Democrats than in the past. Harris Repub- the Senate race in these two cities, yield- er nor Carr would represent views of the licans turned in big Votes for Tower, ing Tower some Latin votes. AFL-CIO. However, individuals connected ranging from 67% to 83%. But the sena- In the Valley's Hidalgo County P.A.S.O. with the labor movement worked in be- tor also was above 50% in normally Demo- cratic boxes in Houston and other parts of Harris County, except northeast Hous- ton and the Magnolia Park area, where Carr was ahead 2-1. In Austin a tiny rural WOULD YOU BELIEVE? precinct that normally votes 18-0 Demo- cratic split this time, 9-9. Republican cam- paign leaders were watching precinct 232, A Survey by Jim Byrd and Ken Turner a north Austin box that they regarded as a "weathervane," because its percentages were close to the statewide vote in previ- Jim Byrd and Ken Turner are members man (12% ), and Dwight Eisenhower ous elections for Jack Cox, Barry Gold- of the English faculty at East Texas State (16% ). water, and Bush. Box 232 went for Tow- University in Commerce, Texas. All sophomores named their home coun- er by 63.2%. Precinct 321, a Latin and The democratic process depends on an ty, but 84% could not name their U.S. liberal box in southwest Austin (and the informed electorate, and the best in- and state representatives. Three from home of entertainer John Henry Faulk), formed voters are those with college edu- Dallas thought their state representatives went for Tower, 375 to 324. cations. Right? What with television, ra- were Eral Cable (sic), Ralph Hall, and As to campaign finances, Tower report- dio, The Dallas News and The Texas Ob- Joe Pool. The Chief Justice of the Su- ed higher expenditures in financial state- server, this is the best informed genera- preme Court was not named by 28%, , ments filed with the Secretary of State's tion of young people Texas has ever had. with vague suggestion by three of office in Austin. Tower showed $401,169 Right? "White," "Smith," and "President John- of expenses, Carr $246,530. Tower listed Well, on General Election day, 1966, a son." All of them did know who the Vice gifts totalling $378,088, plus a $10,000 loan. simple factual test was given to an ordi- President is. He reported debts of $47,994. Tower nary group of freshmen and sophomore Ten names selected from the most con- showed $1,010 in out-of-state money. Carr college students, a few of voting age, oth- troversial U.S. political races were to be had charged that Tower had received ers within a year or two or three. Twenty- identified by state, office sought, and po- large amounts of money from people in five unselected sets of the answers from litical :party. Sophomores often failed to Connecticut. Carr listed gifts of $166,120 each group were tabulated. Would you be- identify Wallace, 36%; W. Rockefeller, and reflected no debts or loans, though he lieve. . . . 64%; Maddox, 84%; Brown, 48%; Doug- is reportedly $100,000 in debt since the All sophomores knew that John Con- las, 100%; Reagan, 32%; Jim Johnson, campaign. "They started with $200,000 in nally (or Connelly or Conoley) is gover- 96%; Eastland, 100%; N. Rockefeller, the bank and we started with $30,000," a nor of Texas, but 8% called him Republi- 40%; Romney, 80%. Carr adviser said. Carr is said to have can and 40% did not know he was up for Twenty-five college freshmen were not cancelled some tentatively scheduled tele- election in 1966. An equal 40% — not the much worse. Only one did not know who vision time because of lack of funds. same sophomores — could not name the the governor of Texas is; she listed Earl Texas lieutenant governor. Cambell. About 12%, alas, thought Con- THE BELDEN POLL came in A whopping 44% did not know that nally was Republican. The same percent- for some more criticism by Republicans Ralph Yarborough (or Yarborro or Yuar- age as the sophomores (40%) did not after the voting. The poll had shown Carr bough) is senior senator (many thought know he was running for re-election this substantially ahead of Tower throughout Tower was), while 36% did not know year. Preston Smith was not named as the campaign until the morning of elec- Tower is junior senator. Another 32% did the Lt. Governor by 76% of the freshmen, tion day, when a final poll was published not know that the name of Texas' attor- and 60% did not know the current At- showing the race to be a virtual tie. "Ac- ney general is Waggoner Carr (also called torney General — Cabell and McNamara cording to him," Tower said of Belden, Waggner Carr and James Carr)? were guesses. Joe Pool, George Mahon, "nobody ever put on a faster finish than Only 8% could not name the highest and a "Republican" named Sam Rayborn I did. I came on strong in that last twelve ranking Texan in Washington (LBJ), but were among the 76% wrong answers for hours. Tower denied that polls have any 92% could not name two living Texan senior senator. influence on voters, but Peter O'Donnell, ex-vice presidents (LBJ and John Nance The only 100% correct answer on the State Republican chairman, said that a Garner). Among the guesses were Adlai surveys of both groups was the naming distorted advance poll can hurt a candi- Stevenson, Don Yarborough, Harry Tru- of the Vice-President, Hubert Humphrey, date who is trying to organize his cam- Herbert Hurilphy, Humphreys, Hum- paign. An adverse poll can discourage 4 The Texas Observer phries, and Humphery. ❑ contributions and the enlisting of cam-

paign workers, said O'Donnell, who charg- when the Connally forces began to take Democratic Party, praise John Connally, es that Belden's reports on the Senate a hand in the campaign. But there was stress incumbency, don't criticize Carr race this year were "a deliberate attempt not a well-coordinated effort in behalf of personally, forget the word "conserva- to mislead the voters by manipulating Carr. tive." Lehrer says that Tower stayed with public opinion." O'Donnell objected to On the other hand, Tower last Decem- this approach even in the campaign's lat- newspapers publishing the Belden poll as ber chose the agency to handle his cam- ter days when it seemed that Carr might impartial. paign and advertising. Planning of all be gaining strength. Carr's campaign expenses include a July phases of the campaign were worked out Others close to the campaign add that 12 entry of $274.50 paid Belden for "can- well in advance and liaison established be- Tower cooperated well with the cam- vass of voters." Three days later a similar tween Tower staff members, state Repub- paign team he had assembled, only rarely notation is listed beside a $3,900 expendi- lican Party officials, and others who vetoing a suggestion. Tower, says one ture. During the primary Carr also had would be involved in the effort. Jim worker, "avoided the fatal mistake — try- spent $3,900 for Belden's services. Lehrer of the Dallas Times Herald reports ing to be a candidate and think at the Organization is believed to have played that eight key strategy decisions were same time." Weekly meetings were held a key role in the Tower victory. The made several months ago: deemphasize to relate strategy to current develop- Democrats have the courthouse officials, ments. One Sunday in San Antonio during party affiliation, criticize President John- a spirited wrangle over some point, Tow- but few of them became involved to any son only -obliquely, make the key issues er remarked to a friend "You can see I great extent until the last few weeks, inflation and Vietnam, don't attack the surround myself with yes men." G.O. Television in Review 'Election? What Election?' Austin and Waggoner Carr, the protagonists, with a personal note, that the thing he Cactus Pryor, the President's favorite tried, for half an hour each, to tell what Most enjoys about being a senator has to emcee, as they say of him, and far too election. do with the armed services and "our boys" good a talent for Austin, was conducting Tower, speaking quietly, said Carr had in the field, the air, and on the sea. "I've a man-on-the-street interview program made many charges, often biting, "usually come to respect the judgment of our mili- about the Nov. 8th Texas election, the eve- trivial," but that the issue was whether tary men, who are so often overridden by ning before. At one point there bustled by Texans wanted "an absolute political pow- the presumptuous decisions of their ci- the unmistakable figure of the senior er structure." The incumbent senator said vilian counterparts," he said. United States senator from Texas, Ralph he would resist expediency -and be "be- Then followed a smooth program of Webster Yarborough. Well, Cactus asked holden to no single man or clique," and movie photographs of Tower, in Vietnam, him, what do you think about the elec- as for qualification, the senator said with plotting with Senator Dirksen to stave off tion? a straight face, "There is no better back- 14-B, talking with East Texans wearing "Election? What election?" the senator ground for serving in the Senate than West Texas cowboy hats, going to a picnic, said, and hurried on. having served in it." Reviewing, as from riding horses of selected varieties, relax- This same night before, John Tower a list, his stands on issues, he concluded ing on the family farm in East Texas (his girls playing with the family daschund PticoI -rse Bismarck), and Tower saying, in front of ° 1 ." 1 I lovont-14176.761/0 the Alamo, that we must "extend our de- fense perimeter — to the moon, and be- sel r yond, if necessary." One of the faceless Leas■PT14 mm! TM receivers of this program was heard to

nume. 15;1.. say, in the room where she heard it, 1 : " LiCerT1,1=ii "He's got a lot of cool." It was that kind C", ! `p; of program. r MINN i Waggoner Carr and his troop, however, tin:a !ROO tCAIE: i•AUELL.730■CCX-Ibliiie.4'44r Ler.6- 76"'64 11.41.04 came on like Gangbusters, and the point

pub- cm, ITA4 nu. BAL was who the troopers were. The emcee i auntai ets. was Will Davis, the state Democratic (10.1.... • chairman. The head table, there at La i6.17,-1Z5wm-- 17.-uvvia—Fi c 2Sri. inWoloa: rt"rrC"k".I Villita in San Antonio, included Governor ! I ants —±criracr'L-uaroot—la....4L- Connally, Lt. Gov. Smith, Speaker Barnes, ) 1 6"‘" `kc., Pury.;,,„ on.coN Railroad Commissioner Langdon, Su- \-LSe5M IT- KL *, Z12■, ✓ / iSCHLEICACII preme Court Justices Calvert, Greenhill, ! Nuy,-.5-..---1.,viaa- 4 I ;:"."'-'1',7A 24;: '1:,,,r... 11'17=-1?,-- ._.S\ -- \-i f-Fii74 , . i Norvell, Hamilton, and Smith, Atty. Gen.- 1. Z.'-' ''' ! i- - 1.-2.„,;:65, ,,,... - ;.-1.r . zi;,-.7,,00._,...,...6-,,ILia.\'-`, i -',..-- "-\ y • \ w..... `,,,"'"°-"--- -(...;,... -N i I Tailfru4F , .., N r fr, v....j -7,.....-1 ---1. j 1 4x, ‘.....;. :- ''''. 1..1 - - - ...... \ . '--,....-.--"k elect Martin, Agriculture Commissioner / \ White, Land Cmsr. Sadler, Congressmen I ..7.1.1>. 4...... „,„ico. .:`, -6..:::,..veti,. ccorroils,-,A ,,,o;;›,...,r„ (....7....., , ! '....cli...1AL. Lop .1 ,r Patman, Gonzalez, Poage, Cabell, Mahon, 1 • SOsi .. ^^ileatos. Mrs. Thomas, Roberts, Wright, Young, de TA4OROA \ - la Garza, Casey, and Kazen, fourteen state senators, eighty state representatives, and the endorsements from all the other state senators and all the other Texas congress- men. Except, of course, that one Texas senator, the senior one, who had told TEXA S Cactus Pryor, "Election? what election?" Barnes said that Carr has been "a mem- ber of Gov. John Connally's team that had provided progress for Texas." Smith said Sen. John Tower carried the shaded counties. November 25, 1966 5 "Waggoner is a man of conviction, a man Carr spoke of sound fiscal policy and people, and they're all nice men, I com- of honor, a man true to his word, an conservative government. The state gov- mend them for seeking public office. The effective and a dedicated public servant." ernment operates pay-as-you-go, "and this only thing we have to be careful about Patman said the 23 members of the Texas is the Texas way, and I might say that is that we don't go too far tomorrow." delegation in the House "are 100% behind if this can work in Texas, it can be made The governor read a wire from the Presi- Waggoner Carr." Gonzalez, introducing to work in Washington. .. . As a Texas dent to Carr that Ladybird and he, the Carr, called him "the great standard bear- Democrat, I will be listened to by the President, would "cast two votes for you er of the Democratic Party . . . the illus- Democratic policymakers," a statement, in the morning. Every good Democrat.. . trious Waggoner Carr." he said, no member of the minority party will want to do the same, and we hope Reading, Carr said he was honored to could make. He spoke of building a strong they all do." .And for himself, the Gov- have "today's doers of Texas, Connally, merchant marine industry and keeping ernor said, "I have seen the integrity that Smith, Barnes, Gonzalez, Kazen, Fisher the oil industry strong. "Mark this well," is built in to Waggoner Carr," and also . . . the President from Texas, Lyndon he added, "mark this well The votes. I his intelligence and courage; Carr had Johnson, who has tonight again expressed cast will be the votes of Waggoner Carr, been "a help to me," and to Smith and his support . . . The state officials, the United States Senator from Texas, and Barnes. With Carr they would again have legislators, the city and state officials, no one else. . . . I pledge to you that I will service of the kind that Lyndon Johnson assembled here tonight, are the giants keep the faith, not for Waggoner Carr, gave in the Senate: "he will carve a rec- of our time. The Texas Democratic Party not for the Democratic Party, but for a ord there that all of you can be proud of. stands united in purpose, united in ac- better tomorrow for all the people of . . . I implore and beg of each of you," Texas." the governor concluded, "that you go and tion, from the courthouse to the White Not Carr, but Connally, was the final exercise your privilege," and vote. House, and we are confident of our vic- speaker. The Republicans, the governor A million and a half did, but they went tory." said, are not so bad. "They're all nice too far. R. D. Eckhardt Carries on a Tradition This article on Bob Eckhardt, long a there isn't anything bad to say about "I've been a New Dealer, a Fair Dealer devoted Texas liberal, was written by Eckhardt. and a member of the Great Society," Eck- Marge Crumbaker in the Houston Post, A woman who once worked on an early hardt said, "And I hope to be in the after Eckhardt's election to Congress this Eckhardt campaign said: "Bob waits till month. the last bell has rung then he charges. I mainstream of the Democratic party ac- remember once we said, 'Bob, get up off tivities in Washington." Bob Eckhardt is a Texan to the core. your fannie and go shake hands or some- His wife Nadine is one of his great as- . His great grandfather, Robert J. Kle- thing or you'll lose this election' and he sets. She is lovely and enjoys the political berg (of the King Ranch Klebergs) came said, 'Well hell, we've got three whole life. "Nadine is good at politics," Eckhardt - to Texas in 1834 and fought at the Battle days.' Well, he did get a move on. We said. "She advised me to .keep my mouth of San Jacinto. didn't see him for 72 hours and when we shut. Best advice I ever got." Kleberg's son was in the U.S. Congress. finally found him he was sitting on a Eckhardt promises to be one of the na- His grandson was in the U.S. Congress. street corner, beard grown out, dirty as all tion's most colorful congressmen. He says And now Eckhardt, his great-grandson, get-out. He'd been out hammering up his there will be harmony between himself, will carry on the tradition. It's a family posters and shaking hands on a non-stop Casey and Bush. "Like hell there will be," habit, getting elected to the House of basis. He won." said a man who resides in the 8th District. Representatives. Eckhardt's uncle on his Eckhardt says his political philosophy "Bob Eckhardt is a real Texas maverick mother's side was also a congressman. is much closer to that of President John- who will never stand hitched beside a "He was a Republican named Harry son than Bob Casey's [another Houston Republican or a conservative Democrat." Wurzbach," commented Eckhardt in that congressman.] vibrant and warm voice which never, nev- er rushes words. Eckhardt isn't a tailor's dream. His suits don't fit. An astute attorney who combs his hair with his hands, he wears ARKANSAS AND BEYOND 1 bow ties, fiddles with his ears, rubs his nose, and is smart as a fox. Texarkana, Tex. election may be one more harbinger of Close friends say he waits until the last There may be national implications in Democratic trouble in the South. The Re- minute, then pours on the coal. "Bob is Winthrop Rockefeller's election as gover- publican gains in Texas, Tennessee, and always on cloud nine," an associate dis- nor of Arkansas. Questioned after the elec- Arkansas, as well as the Georgia mess, closed. "He is an idealist. But he gets the tion on whether he might be selected for probably are related. It is apparent that message across. Bob can hibernate for a nomination for national office, Rocke- liberals and Negroes — who usually vote months, then strike like lightning. "He feller replied that it would depend on the Democratic — had a hand in these races. looks like he's asleep half the time but record he made as governor. The point In Arkansas, out of a half-million votes every minute he is thinking 'what can I is, he doesn't find the idea either weird cast, Rockefeller beat Johnson by about do to help the people.' I've never known or distasteful. After all, he is a Rocke- 48,000. More than 90% of the 60,000 Negro a man who is as concerned about the feller — a political dynasty suddenly com- ballots went for the Republican, some working man as Bob. Probably because ing into its own. He is from the South, boxes turning in totals like 338-5 and ow Bob hates work so much. He really good for ticket balancing. He is a mod- 188-0. In other Southern states except cares and he doesn't have to. He is well- erate on race — or liberal, if you wish. Alabama, the candidate that outsegged the fixed and doesn't have to hit a lick at a His name on the ticket would assure other, whether Democrat 'or Republican, snake." New York brother Nelson's wholehearted lost. The Negro vote proved crucial in "Bob goes through the gate and closes support, almost no matter who headed several races. ( Even Mississippi Jim East- out the world. He walks around and looks the ticket. All this despite Win Rocke- land's Republican opponent out-segged up at the sky and plots good government," feller's lack of oratorical fire — one per- him but was out-voted.) If Arkansas tells us anything, it is that said one of his enemies, who admitted ceptive reporter said he is "about as articulate as a tree stump." the Democrats are in trouble. For not only 6 • The Texas Observer What is more interesting, Rockefeller's was Rockefeller elected, but one Republi- can congressman, John Paul Hammer- retiring Governor Orval Faubus is reluct- tionist cost him enough Negro votes alone schmidt, won over a Democratic incum- ant to let go. Then there's state party to have made him governor. Over the bent, and apparently Rockefeller's run- chairman Leon Catlett. And the campaign South, in some states more than in others, ning mate, World War II hero Maurice manager this fall for all of the Democrats, the Negro vote is being felt. "Footsie" Britt, became the next lieuten- Joe Basore. Now the Young Democrats Secondly, Establishment-type politics ant governor in a close one. are talking about having one of their men may be waning. Another part of Johnson's Arkansas has not seen anything like this in charge. The Democratic patty in Arkan- trouble in Arkansas was that he didn't in the memory of anyone living. The Dem- sas is in a shambles. If Rockefeller's first convince enough voters that. he really in- ocratic Party is left split like a cord of term is even half-good he should be a tended to clean out the Establishment wood. Who is to be the titular head of second term shoo-in. represented by Faubus. Carr was the Es- the party-in-exile? Defeated Jim Johnson Until the Democratic parties in the tablishment candidate in Texas. So was says he still is, but Attorney General-elect South resolve several basic conflicts, they Frank Clement in Tennessee. Joe Purcell, now the highest elected Dem- are going to stay in trouble. Democrat ocrat, is moving to head up the party and Jim Johnson's past as a rampant segrega- JIM PRESLEY

THE NOBLES HONOR A PRINCE 'Strange, Odd, Sad, and Grand'

Houston Welfare ),. Federal Deposit Insurance Cor- fact that he was then awaiting surgery More than a thousand bejewelled, fur- poration director William Sherrill, Hous- and had been unable only a few days be- bearing courtiers of the Great Society ton Chronicle editor and Mrs. Everett Col- fore to give a hand in the election cam- gathered here to vie ardently with one lier, University of Houston president and paign. A regal communication was struck another in extolling the virtues of Jack Mrs. Phillip Hoffman, U.S. Sen. Ralph off and sent down, however, and its wit Valenti, a favored prince of the realm Yarborough, Houston Chamber of Com- and style set the crowd into genteel and "a young man who made it big with- merce president and Mrs. Gail Whitcomb, paroxysms of mirth. out hurting anyone" (as the 'printed prog- Cong. Lera Thomas, Rabbi and Mrs. J. H. "When I first learned," the communi- ram said). Assembled in the Shamrock- Schachtel, Cong-elect and . Mrs. Bob Eck- cation read, "of the testimonial in Hous- Hilton's Regency Room were the lords and hardt, Cong. Bob Casey, Hollywood pro- ton on November 10, the name of the hon- ladies of King Lyndon's Harris County ducer George Stevens, Houston Council- ored guest seemed a bit familiar. Trying fiefdom, who paid $10 per stylishly-coif- man and Mrs. Johnny Goyen, film actor to pin it down, I called in some of the fured head for the privilege of attending Warren Beatty, Msgr. John Roach, Mrs. newspaper columnists who generally keep the appreciation dinner. Some of the ap- Anna Rosenberg Hoffman (former higher- me pretty well informed about what the preciators paid even more, as the dinner up in the F.D.R. and Truman administra- administration is doing. But in this case was sold out two weeks before and, the tions ), Cong. and Mrs. Jack Brooks, Har- they were of no help. I kept checking sheriff told Leon Jaworski, scalpers were ris County Judge and Mrs. Bill Elliott, around and finally a friend in the motion busy. The price of admission was no ob- Cong.-elect and Mrs. George Bush, noted picture industry suggested: 'It may be the ject, for if you weren't on hand for the attorney and Mrs. Leon Jaworski, and new Valentino from Texas.' gurgling, gooing, and gushing, you're just Judges John Singleton, Woodrow Seals, "That put me on the track — Jack's not with it, Charlie; the jet set has passed Allen Hannay, and James T. Noel, et ux. sound track. In all good humor, he can you by. (The only member of the audience to be sound like Valentino, or look like Valenti, The air was heavy with good will; the introduced was Texas A&M President Earl but he is my friend, my very close friend. fumes of extravagant praise eddied about, Rudder.) gradually dominating the atmosphere, Other people sent letters of tribute, al- LBJ 'Unlike All Mortal Men' hovering just above the heads of the most invariably referring principally to President Johnson has been "unlike diners. The Regency Room's expensive Valenti's devotion to Johnson. Heard from all mortal men" since becoming Presi- wallpaper would have curled had it not were cabinet secretaries Dean Rusk dent, former LBJ aide Jack Valenti been hardened by a similar effluvium ( State), Henry Fowler (Treasury ), John told a hushed group of Harvard grad- one night last spring when John Connally, T. Connor (Commerce ), John Gardner uates in Chicago the week after his Viceroy of Texas, required ten minutes to (H.E.W.), Robert C. Weaver (Housing and Houston appreciation dinner. "Some- introduce His Majesty to an audience Urban Development ), Lawrence O'Brien times I almost wanted to cry because whose members had paid a million dollars ( Post Office), and Ramsey Clark (acting I wanted to help him," Valenti con- of tribute to the coffers of the reign. "The Attorney General); U.S. Sen. Everett Dirk- tinued. "I've seen the anguish in the most dedicated, able, compassionate Pres- sen, Ambassador Averell Harriman, U.S. President's eyes as he gets a report ident of this century," Connally had said Sen. Mike Mansfield, Governor Connally, that two pilots went down and as the vapots swirled, irritating tear the F.B.I.'s J. Edgar Hoover, Mayors John weren't rescued. He wants to know ducts. "My John . . . my John," the king Lindsay of New York and Richard Daley who they were, where they lived, how had responded, his own eyes smarting of Chicago, and show business and broad- many children they had. with those of the others. casting types such as Walter Scott, Frank "Because I have supped at the table That earlier evening of high camp sim- Stanton, David Sarnoff, Jack Warner, of the President, and seen what he ply wasn't up to the standards of the Leonard Goldensen, Charlton Heston, bears, I can never be critically — Valenti bacchanal, which seemed to have Gregory Peck, Walter Cronkite, Richard harshly critically — partisan towards been arranged by Batman and Robin — Zanuck, Rosalind Russell, Ann and Kirk a President while he is in office. . . . with Mrs. Miller at the mighty Wurlitzer. Douglas, Judy and Vic Damone, and Sam- "A President has to be tough — The invitations must have been entrusted uel Goldwyn. Not heard from, somehow, without steel in his spine no Presi- to the editors of Mad Magazine; on hand were Norman Rockwell, Billy Graham, dent can long survive. A President at the head table or else sending letters of Stan Musial, the publisher of the Readers must have courage. He's got to really regret were a startlingly varied all-star Digest, and Lassie. care about people and his country," lineup of Americana. The evening's speakers were pointedly Valenti said. At the head table were Mrs. Oveta Culp not announced in advance, giving rise, "This President, I know, cares." Hobby (Houston Post publisher and for- predictably, to the speculation that the mer secretary of Health Education and king would be there in person, despite the November 25, 1966 7 And in all sincerity, I thank him for being yours." Valenti earns $150,000 annually in the President was right. The one great my friend, my very close friend." his new job as president of the Motion criterion for a public official is does he And so it went this night. Many were Picture Producers Association. vote with the folks? Senator Yarborough the references, usually unstintingly maud- Councilman Johnny Goyen, a longtime does, and that makes me a Yarborough lin, to "that day in November three years friend of Valenti's, cleared the atmos- man." ago when fate" etc., and when Valenti was phere by recalling, with good humor, Valenti credited his wife with bringing the first one whom the new President some of the honoree's earlier days. him "into the orbit of Sen. Lyndon B. summoned to his side to serve as his ad- After about 90 minutes of praise, Va- Johnson." Mrs. Valenti had been John- ministrative assistant. lenti said, "If I'd known you all were son's personal secretary. Valenti business associate Weldon going to eulogize me, I'd have done the Remembering the day that Johnson be- Weekly recalled Valenti's pre-Washington decent thing and died." came President, Valenti recalled that days. He noted that the honoree "likes to He said he was particularly grateful for while he was on Air Force One, "the first help people. I mean ordinary folks. You the presence of Stevens, Beatty, and Mrs. time I actually realized that something know he likes tG help Presidents and sen- Hoffman and added: "And I'm so pleased strange, odd, sad, and grand had hap- ators. But many times Jack would help a that Senator Yarborough is here." There pened . . . was when I heard [Cong.] Negro minister, a shine boy, an old col- was a muffled gasp from some of the Albert Thomas say 'Mr. President, we are lege chum. He helps old friends because royalists in the audience, but Valenti ready to serve you in any way we can.' he likes 'em." Four, six, and eight times forged ahead: "The senator is often con- In that hour," Valenti went on, "one man each day, Weekly said, such calls for help sidered a controversial man in this state, in that plane was very calm. . . . The would come to Valenti from everyday but let me tell you what President John- new President asked for a glass of water folks. A cab driver who had lost an arm son once said when we two were alone. . . . and as he reached for it he did so was heard to volunteer to a passenger the He said 'Do you know why Senator Yar- with a steady, rock-like hand. From that night of the dinner that Valenti had borough is a great man? Well, it's because moment on . . . I wasn't afraid any more, helped him get a start in.the cab business. he votes with the folks.' And I believe nor was anyone else on that plane." G.O. Yarborough called Valenti the "greatest White House staffer I've seen under three Presidents." George Stevens praised Va- lenti for his "foresight to do more than LBJ and Fulbright the usual duties of his new job" and for beginning things that the film industry Austin they print what they learned. This has should have begun long ago. Jaworski said Lyndon B. Johnson: The Exercise of the one serious difficulty that the reliabili- to Valenti, "Jack, we know there is a Power, A Political Biography by Rowland ty of the book comes to depend entirely painting on the wall of your office which Evans and Robert Novak, New American on the integrity and reliability of the two you admire very much, and we also know Library, 1966, $7.95. reporters who have thus been entrusted it's not paid for. Well, a group of your Senator Fulbright, Portrait of a Public with much private information by persons friends have gotten together and now it's Philosopher, by Tristram Coffin, Dutton, knowing it was to be published, but it 1966, $6.95. happens that Evans and Novak are both 8 The Texas Observer reputable and honest reporters. They may have made minor mistakes, but no one These two books are necessary to an would doubt their competence or their "A book of vibrant, understanding of contemporary American restraint. To the contrary, startling and history. A student, reading them, will shocking as their book is again and again, learn more about government by men there is sound reason to believe they may vital poetry." Boston Globe than he likely will in any course. A citizen, have erred on the side of holding back. reading then-1, may find himself in shock, They declared Johnson's personal fortune for each of them contains much, much out of their range, for instance, and they more truth than he is used to being given left many a story to one side. in these days. A Texan, reading them, will They relate Johnson's policies and em- learn more about what his fellow Texan, phasis in Washington first to his Texas Lyndon Johnson, has been doing up in base in power and money and later to his Washington all these years, than he has presidential strategies; they spare no from the papers, Lyndon Johnson, or space specifying his lashing of the people Booth Mooney. who work for him and his flattery of Evans and Novak have written what is those he needs, until he has them; they surely the best book about Johnson in review without sycophancy his pre-Mc- Washington. Knowing that all of what Carthy McCarthyism in the Olds affair, Johnson is really doing seldom appears his economic populism, his shiftings right- on the surface, and knowing also — from ward to leftward on race, all the vari- Poems by R. G. VLIET their years covering the Senate since 1953 abilities of a career organized at least as including the famous ballad — that the only way to find out all of much by ambition as by principle; and they tell stories. They relate, move by "CLEM MAVERICK" what Johnson is really doing is by hard work in private inquiries, they have move, his seduction of Senator Hubert "Clem is a guitar twanger from central Texas adopted a novel stratagem. They inter- Humphrey, implying, it seems to me un- . . . and the rollicking poem moves with real- viewed about two hundred people almost mistakably, that Humphrey was coopera- ism, yet poetic mystery . . . There are other none of whom they quote by name; but tively allied with Johnson long before the poems in Events & Celebrations — good poetry, other Senate liberals even dimly realized most of it — but 'Clem Maverick' is its contri- , ••■•• I ••111,10M. ••■•••■• ■•■ 0.111. ■■=1.1.111.10■•••11.■ 0•11.1•11•1■ 0•1•11MLN■Y■1 bution to Texas truth." — Dallas Times-Herald. 1 it. Texas Society Some liberal readers will find some of "R. G. Vliet's poems are events in their own the authors' stances objectionable. To right, celebrations to share with that almost t rarest of response — pure delight." I to Abolish some extent Evans and Novak accept —PHILIP BOOTH 1 Johnson's personalizing of history, so that Capital Punishment events involving the whole spectrum of $5.00 politics and politicians are seen as a sym- memberships, $2 up phony that Johnson is conducting; but, to THE VIKING PRESS some extent, a book about Johnson must New York 10022 P.O. Box 8134, Austin, Texas 78712 do this, for in his fierce insistence that he is central he has become central. Evans and Novak, it seems to me, needlessly hurt had to do anything within reason Steven- dent, was brought to Washington as as- their book by putting down the Senate son asked him to do in Texas. "Well, con- sistant secretary of labor, Evans and liberals (like Douglas and Clark) without tinued Johnson, would Shivers 'protect' Novak report, ( regrettably not giving their whose pressure, scholarship, and integrity him if Texas conservatives criticized him source, which in this instance would be mediators like Johnson would have been for his proximity to Stevenson? Shivers highly pertinent,) "with Johnson's con- mediating between retrogression and said: Yes, Lyndon, I'll protect you." sent but not at his recommendation." Aft- nothing. Like most of the rest of the na- • In 1956, "Johnson and Shivers tentative- er Holleman took the blame for a $1,000 tional press, Evang and Novak were mes- ly agreed on" Cong. Kilgore for Demo- contribution from Billy Sol Estes, thus merized by Johnson's magicianship. For cratic national committeeman from Texas, having to leave the labor department and instance, they relegate to a footnote the but Speaker Sam Rayburn vetoed Kilgore the President's Equal Employment Com- fact that the 1957 civil rights bill on vot- because he had voted for Eisenhower in mittee, Johnson moved "gradualists" into ing, about which they establish that John- 1952. the committee's staff in place of the lib- son met Sen. Richard Russell's terms, • "Johnson deserted his liberal allies of eral activists Holleman had installed "was totally inadequate as a protection of the spring convention [in 1956] and lined there. the Southern Negro's right to vote." That up with Price Daniel . . . and the outgoing • During the period when Johnson was this 'should be a minor detail, a mere Shivers conservatives to humiliate Mrs. discouraged by reports he might be footnote, in a chapter entitled "The Mira- [R. D.] Randolph and the liberals. . . . dropped from the ticket in 1964, Bobby cle of '57" and containing the authors' re- Johnson had advised Daniel's managers Baker suggested to Johnson that "perhaps mark that "the magnitude of Johnson's not to issue an invitation to Mrs. Ran- he should run for the Senate in 1964 performance transcended the details of dolph, the National Committeewoman, to against Ralph Yarborough and spare him- the legislation" characterizes as clearly attend the September Governor's Conven- self another four years of frustration." as anything the razzle-dazzle and the emp- tion." • When, early in 1964, Johnson sided with tiness of Johnson's majority leadership. • Concerning the Johnson campaign's tac- Yarborough against Kilgore for senator, tic in 1960 of implying John Kennedy's "Lady Bird Johnson was deeply upset T MUST BE INSISTED, such health was dangerously poor, "Johnson to see her husband aligned against his demurrers entered, that this is the best himself had no part in planning the smear old friend [Kilgore] and made her views book on Johnson yet published, first, be- campaign, but that did not stop his high known inside the White House. But Bill cause Evans and Novak have organized it command, led by John Connally." Moyers and other presidential assistants on the theme that Johnson is a power • Robert Kennedy vetoed Johnson's nomi- argued that Johnson simply could not af- seeker and that his career is made under- nation of Sarah T. Hughes for the federal ford to take part in a right-wing purge standable by this pervading insight, and bench solely because of her age, but she of Yarborough. The repercussions would second, because they reveal him as he got the appointment after Rayburn told be national and nasty." has been in his private political relation- Robert Kennedy, concerning an anti-crime During the 1964 campaign, a constant ships in Washington. They develop stor- bill the attorney general wanted passed, stream of advice poured into the White ies indicating, for instance, not only that "That bill of yours will pass as soon as House from Connally. "His recommenda- Johnson was trying to become vice-presi- Sarah Hughes becomes a federal judge." tion was clear. Johnson should sit tight in dent in 1952 (as well, of course, as presi- • Jerry Holleman, Texas AFL-CIO presi- November 25, 1966 9 dent in 1956 and '60), but also that, know- ing he could not win the 1960 nomination, "the nomination for Vice-President was his secret goal." They recount that' when ARKING Cong. Joe Kilgore, flabbergasted that included with Johnson took the nomination for the vice- presidency, called Walter Jenkins about it, thiti2oktoacoW Jenkins told Kilgore, "This is what we've been waiting for all this time." Obviously not telling all they know, Evans and No- vak state that when Robert Kennedy sug- gested to Johnson that he might choose Enjoy Luxury at not to be the vice-presidential nominee, The GUNTER... Inexpensively Johnson "indicated that he wanted very, very, very strongly to go on the ticket." Downtown—steps from all shopping, entertainment and all activities. The authors tell in vivid detail of John- Motor Lobby. Fine food around the. son's abstention from responsibility as clock. 550 rooms with bath, air- vice-president, his feverish courting of conditioning. Finest Convention Kennedy aides to stay on with him as Facilities for groups large or small. President (most of them now have eased out of the scene), and his resounding economic and racial liberalism as the new (741k..j,-tiriter President in 1964 and early 1965. 1-1 c• T E L, The richness of this work anecdotally .can also be illustrated by some of Evans diave At# Lez, and Novak's contributions to Texans' un- derstanding of their own politics. They for aiteGcet, example report that: • "[John] Connally shed his old Demo- cratic loyalty in 1952 to support Republi- Te,zaz'PeariA0-a,nct can Dwight D. Eisenhower for President." (This is at page 19; but at page 232, they write, "Connally . . . had refused to back THE ROBERT DRISCOLL I-lc:Y=1, Stevenson in 1952 and was thought to have 300 Air-Conditioned Rooms,' Dining Room and all hotel voted for Eisenhower, though he made no facilities. Drive-In Entrance. Beautiful Swimming Pool public commitment." and Cabanas. Yours for a Perfect Vacation! • In 1952, Johnson asked Gov. Allan Shiv- ASSOCIATED FEDERAL HOTELS John B. Mills, ■ LA CONCHA—SAN JUAN Chairman of the Board ers if he would hurt himself introducing Cecil Mills, President Adlai. Stevenson, and Shivers told him he ■ WESTWARD HO—PHOENIX Washington making periodic use of the "nervous Nellies," Coffin says Fulbright likely the war will spread in intensity and television networks. . . . But travel in the remarked, "How could we have been so area. . . conventional campaign sense must be re- wrong about this man!" Johnson, Coffin duced to a minimum.' "He shook his head and went on: 'I am reports, may be preparing to support very concerned about my country. I have Orval Faubus against Fulbright in 1968. never felt this way before. I wake up at "BUT I KNOW how much pow- After the historic Fulbright hearings on nights, and I think, we are capable of so er I've got. I know I've got four million Vietnam, and Johnson's remark before much, progress, so much good, and we men under my command." So said John- 6,000 persons, "You can say one thing toss away men, money, resources, good- son, according to Evans and Novak. But about those hearings, but I don't think will like pennies into a savage war — for they seem curiously blindered on foreign this is the place to say it," Coffin reports: what? • "Fulbright's faith in his old friend rust- policy. They do not seem to see, for in- "If the Great Society had stuck to its stance, any international McCarthyism in ed away. He no longer referred to him in conversation as 'the President,' but as goals, it could have been the beginning of the State Department releasing "the the golden age of America. . . . names of fifty-four 'Communist and Cas- 'this man, LBJ.' What concerned him the troist' leaders in the Rebel camp" in the most was his inability to break into the "I am distressed about my country for Dominican Republic, although they knew other's mind and to receive a rational another reason. I don't like to see us lab- McCarthyism when they saw it in the Le- reply. .. . eled across the world as a brutal aggres- land Olds case and in connection with "The summer of 1966. . . . President sor mauling a small nation with our ter- Johnson's late but effective participation Johnson called [Fulbright] to his office rible power. We are not that kind of. peo- in the McCarthy censure. They shrug off and talked to him privately for an hour, ple.' The Senator shrugged his shoulders. their discovery that in 1965 Lyndon a highly emotional harangue. We must 'Of course, the people can't always fore- Johnson ranked the three top hawks in win a military victory; if the enemy per- tell what their leaders will do when the his administration, in order, as Dean sist in their defiance, we will grind them mantle of power falls on them.' Rusk, McGeorge Bundy, and Lyndon John- to ashes. They cannot stand up to our "He was silent again. When he spoke son. power; they must collapse before the it was with great spirit. 'It is an incredi- I have gathered from reviews one re- Congressional elections. ble irony — who would have thought that spects that Philip Geyelin's book on Lyn- "The Senator had never seen Johnson Lyndon Johnson would take this turn? It don B. Johnson and the World is •a vir- so insecure, so frenetic. . .. [Fulbright] is a tragedy that might have been written tuoso treatment of that subject. For tell- told members of his staff he was afraid by the ancient Greeks. . . . I think often ing and chilling insight into the way John- the President was beyond a rational dis- of the Peloponnesian War and the debate son personalizes policy issues and takes cussion of Vietnam. The Senator feared by which Alcibiades persuaded Athens by opposition as enmity, however, I strongly that while Johnson was in this mood, he a narrow margin to attack Syracuse. Ath- recommend the first biography of Sen. was capable of almost any recklessness, ens was the strongest power of the West- William Fulbright, Tris Coffin's latest including the bombing of China." ern world. In a few years, worn out by the book. Coffin writes off-hand and with a In mid-July of this year, Fulbright told excesses of constant warfare, Athens fell journalist's way of organizing his infor- Coffin: and the greatest culture the world has mation, but over the pages, over the chap- "I am very pessimistic. . . . I think it known — gone." R. D. ters, his work grows on you, and at the end of this book you know you have been well informed by a deep and civilized conscience. Senator Fulbright, of course, is a great man. Some people think of him now as a martyr. To be that, he would have to have lost; but he has not lost. The national conscience is thoroughly alive to the im- morality and ambiguity of the Vietnam war because of Fulbright more than be- cause of any individual; his courage, scho- larship, and restraint command national and world-wide respect. Coffin's biogra- phy is less concerned with orthodox speci- fications of biography-like information than with this, Fulbright's present, urgent role. Appreciating Fulbright's far-seeing contribution to the founding of the United Nations, his establishment of the Ful- bright scholarships, his courageous oppo- sition to simplistic anti-communism, Cof- fin nevertheless begins With and soon returns to Fulbright as Johnson's nemesis on Vietnam. At places, I will tell you plain, this book, and the man it is about, are so moving, you will pause in the reading to breathe deeply and think long. "At that time," Coffin writes of 1965, "Senator Fulbright believed the President Everything you need is downtown was sincere. Since then, perhaps a year later, he has had nagging doubts; did and at the Downtowner—you're there Johnson really want to end the war before he had changed the face of Asia as a For information on how you may monument to himself, as the pharaohs obtain a valuable Downtowner Mo- raised their pyramids?" After Johnson tor Inn Franchise, write the Down- publicly attacked Vietnam critics as turn- towner Corporation, Franchise ing on "their own fighting men" and as Department—HA, 202 Union, Mem- in the center of things 10 The Texas Observer phis, Tenn., or call : (Area Code 901), 526-0627.

• T ... A.T.T..7.6T T . T*T*T*T*7*T T* T** ci of Pampa has expressed a desire for a

II seat on the agriculture committee; his other preferences are interior and public works. Political Intelligence 4 V Sen. Franklin Spears, San Antonio,

T r•- T. •••• Ai. .6 AM* a. A.MAT.I. ( who, having run and lost for attor- ney general, will not have a Senate seat It's believed that President Johnson ( in violation of a Texas law) in connection next year, ) spoke in Fort Worth, to a would have attended a Waggoner Carr with the halting of a train that was load- fund-raising barbecue to help him pay off victory party. White House aide George ed with peppers picked by non-union la- his debt. About 1,000 attended; Sen. Don Christian was at the governor's mansion bor. The ten workers were freed from jail Kennard, Fort Worth, introduced Spears election night. last week. as a young man "in the Kennedy tradi- Although he was not named in a V In Corpus Christi the city refused per- tion." Spears appealed for a spirit of Dallas mailing in behalf of the Con- mission sought by the Valley Workers friendliness among Democrats next time nally team, State Sen.-elect Oscar Stauzy, Assistance Committee to solicit funds around and discussed legislative trends. whq is known as a liberal, says he's not there for the striking workers and their V Faced with a lawsuit if they didn't, necessarily an anti-Connally man. Con- families. San Antonio's city fathers have called nally's visit to Dallas shortly before the i Preparations were under way in Aus- a city referendum on pledging the city's election is credited with swinging the elec- tin and eBewhere this week as the credit to the HemisFair Tower. Cty. Cmsr. tion of his "team" from that county. It's caravan to Rio Grande City, bearing food, Albert Pena is publicly demandirig to believed some of the candidates weren't money, clothing, and medical supplies, know who will get to be members of the doing too well until then. The city's 25 was being made ready. A rally is planned private club scheduled for one floor in major Negro boxes, in particular, turned this Sunday in Rio Grande City. the tower. out big votes and whopping majorities for V Eugene Nelson, in Austin over the V There was a melee, widely reported, the governor's slate, which included Joe weekend during a fund raising tour at a meeting of the Harris County Lockridge, the first Negro ever elected to ( his primary occupation now), says he Democratic executive committee. Justin major office from Dallas County. hears from Rio Grande City that Texas H. Smith, a liberal, rose from his wheel- V Jim Collins, Republican candidate Rangers "are harassing our pickets." A chair angrily, and Harris County Demo- who ran a close race with Joe Pool grand jury has indicted five union mem- cratic chairman William Blanton, Jr., con- for Congress, is showing signs of still be- bers for misdemeanors, but the names of servative, was knocked to the floor. Blan- ing interested in remaining in politics. An- those indicted and the charges were not ton intimated it was a liberal plan that other Republican, who ran even closer announced. Houston attorney Chris Dixie, this happen. Mrs. Billie Carr, not elected was 0. H. ( Ike) Harris, who lbst to vete- defending eleven Valley workers, has put committee secretary at the meeting in ran State Sen. George Parkhouse by only up bonds for them with his own personal question, said nonsense; that the trouble a few hundred votes. property. began because Blanton would not honor V Republicans were critical of the dis- V The White House press corps re- the committee's fair play rules ( which tribution of voting machines in Dallas. turned to Austin as the successfully would have given the liberals the secre- recuperating President returned to his There is some suspicion that precincts November 25, 1966 11 with heavy Republican strengths were ranch for the holidays. No reason was shorted in getting machines, delaying the given for the press' return to Austin from voters. Numerous people were report- San Antonio, but the desires of some For your children; for all the ed leaving the polls without voting; members of the press may have had an 121 voting machines were not put in use influence. children of the world . .. stand that day, but were in storage at a county V Apparently • there will be a trial Dec. up and be counted! warehouse. The situation is believed to 19 on the condemnation of land have particularly affected the races of owned by Mr. and Mrs. Earl Sweeney for attend the Harris and Collins. the LBJ state park across from the ranch. An Election Day Study Committee has V The chief effect of the national elec- been formed by the Dallas G.O.P. and is . tions on the committee status of Tex- publishing questionnaires in the newspa- as Democrats in Congress is the elevation pers, trying to find out what voters were of Cong. Bob Poage, Waco, to the chair- CHRISTMAS unsuccessful in casting ballots, and in manship of the House agriculture com- which precincts these voters live. mittee because of the defeat of Cong. Har- Vigil V In Houston George Bush, Republican old Cooley, N.C., the previous chair- elected over Frank Briscoe to Con- man. Cong. Bob Eckhardt of Houston may for gress, seems to be one of the brighter seek a place on the education and labor stars on the state G.O.P. horizon. Bush, committee, the only standing committee Peace who ran a respectably close race against of the House that has no Texan on it. Sen. Ralph Yarborough in 1964, received With two vacancies opened up on the in prompt congratulations from the senator armed services committee, Cong. Henry for his victory. The Bush-Briscoe turnout Gonzalez, San Antonio, is regarded as a VIETNAM was one of the best in the state; up to prospect therefor. Cong.-elect Bob Price 70% of the voters turned out in many at the LBJ Ranch precincts. (eastern junction of Ranch Road 1 and U.S. 290, V Cong. Pool, an increasingly prominent MEETINGS between Johnson City and Fredericksburg, Tex.) member of the House Committee on un-American Activities, ran an ad in the THE THURSDAY CLUB of Dallas meets each Dallas News that was headlined: "Keep Thursday noon for lunch (cafeteria style) at Christmas Day (Sunday) the Pressure on the Communists!! Return the Downtown YMCA, 605 No. Ervay St., Dallas. Good discussion. You're welcome. In- from 2 until 5 p.m. Joe Pool to Washington.. . . Protect Amer- formal, no dues. ica from the Communists." Pool was The TRAVIS' COUNTY LIBERAL DEMO- called "a leading candidate for the role CRATS meet at Spanish Village at 8 p.m. on for further information, contact: of the late Sen. Joe McCarthy in any re- the first Thursday. You're invited. HOUSTON CITIZENS FOR surgence of the hysteria of a decade ago," ITEMS for this feature cost, for the first entry, ACTION ON VIETNAM 7c a word, and for each subsequent entry, 5c a in an editorial in the Boston Globe. word. We must receive them one week before P. 0. BOX 1811 V In Rio Grande City ten farm workers the date of the issue in which they are to be HOUSTON, TEXAS 77001 were arrested for secondary picketing published. taryship) and would not recognize people that one bullet caused the President's first who tried to speak. lution, against which he proposes to de- wound, and that an entirely separate shot vote himself in the 1967 legislature. V The Dallas city fathers' plaque at the struck me. It's a certainty; I'll never V The Brown Foundation, Inc., estab- assassination site was finally erected. change my mind." The difficulty is that lished by the late Herman Brown and Plans are announced for a historical if Connally is right the Warren Report by George R. Brown, the chairman of the plaque to mark the site where President is wrong on its account of the bullets that board of Brown and Root, Inc., of Hous- Johnson was sworn in as President at killed Kennedy and injured Connally. Life ton, has given the University of Texas Love Field. Magazine called for a new inquiry, per- Law School Foundation a $5,000 grant to V Gov. John Connally, after viewing the haps at the initiative of Congress. conduct research on revision of the state's Zapruder films, told Life Magazine, V A part-time music teacher, Everett penal code. "There is my absolute knowledge . . . M. Gilmore, Jr., of Dallas, who says 1/ Halloween night, the Observer has he was fired at El Centro College for learned, a Swastika was painted, in 12 The Texas Observer refusing to sign the loyalty oath required black paint, on the Agudas Achim temple by state law, has filed suit challenging the in Austin. "It had to be sandblasted off," LYNDON B. JOHNSON: constitutionality of the oath. says Rabbi Judah Fish. CI V The Galveston County Young Demo- THE crats are sponsoring a symposium EXERCISE and reception to discuss a state minimum OF POWER wage and to honor Father Antonio Gon- by Evans and Novak zales, a leader in the Valley strikers' re- cent march. They will also sponsor a $7.95 Christmas benefit for the farm workers. V The San Antonio Express' Jon Ford Urge Defeat of HR-4671 GARNER &. SMITH columnizes that the boom for Sen. Ralph Hall, Rockwall, for lieutenant gov- As a resident of Arizona who owns land BOOKSTORE ernor in 1968 seems to be serious this within 100 yards of the main canal of the time. proposed Central Arizona Project, I would 2116 Guadalupe, Austin, Texas be greatly benefited financially through Mail order requests promptly filled .V Rep.-elect Rex Braun, Houston, is publishing a brochure discussing pol- increased land values if the project is ap- proved. However, I cannot wish for such a benefit through the violation of the grandeur of the one and only Grand Can- yon. The proponents of the project argue rightly that the proposed dams will not AMERICAN INCOME affect the vistas from the viewpoints (lookouts) available now, but they fail .to state that those additional viewpoints which will be needed in the future for the expanding population will certainly be LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY altered by backed-up water. Since all Arizona congressmen are com- mitted to the project (if they want to continue in office), it is up to Texans and OF INDIANA others to do as Dr. and Mrs. Dean Ewing of Albuquerque urged (Dialogue, Obs., Nov. 11) and write their congressmen to vote against HR-4671. Mrs. B. B. Terrell, Box 203, Cortaro, Underwriters of the American Income Labor Ariz. (formerly of Dallas).

Disability Policy A Special Reprint

The Observer has published a spe- cial 24-page reprint of our coverage of the Valley farm workers strike and march from June through September. Executive Offices: It's entitled "The Strike and the March" and carries the Rio Grande City strikers all the way north to their confrontation at New Braunfels and P.O. Box 208 their climactic meetings in Austin. Or- der your copy of this historic record now. One copy 50 cents Two to ten copies 35 cents each Waco, Texas Ten to 100 copies 20 cents each Bernard Rapoport, President BULK ORDERS ON REQUEST Send your order to Sarah Payne, Business Manager, the Texas Observ- er, 504 W. 24th St., Austin, Texas. `MACBIRD' AIMED AT L.B.J. Attempted Literary Assassination

"MacBird," a play by Barbara Garson, a wreath immediately." When the Egg of baby, burn" approach to the racial ques- is political mayhem against Lyndon John- Head drops down in the street, a con- tion; hate of the war; an unbearably sup- son. Although it is deliberately and vio- gressman is had to say that the press pressed suspicion, a desire to believe him lently savage, vicious, and scurrilous page called it heart attack, but "the rumor" guilty even of this, a desire transmuted by page, it is clever, and it is ingeniously was that a poison dart was found near in this play into a belief that it's fair devised to tempt persons on the left to be the body. Robert in the denouement sets enough to take sport in the idea that he equivocal about it. upon MacBird with spear to murder him, did. It is not fair. It is foul. Knowing In The Ne't 1 1 York Times Magazine, Rob- but MacBird dies of a heart attack. nothing of the sort, Mrs. Garson blackens ert Brustein says it is "grimly amusing." There's a lot of byplay, thinly undis- her own bright talent in the black use Let us see what is so grimly amusing guised stuff parodying recent events in she puts it to. This underhanded play, and about it. Lady MacBird receives a letter Washington — Mrs. Garson dislikes the people who enjoy themselves enjoying it, apparently from MacBird, the Vice Presi- Kennedvs as much as she does the John- are basely reveling in what they do not dent. In a very vague context he writes sons — but the play in the main accuses know. her, "So now it's two down and one to Johnson, by innuendo and analogies to •A member of Students for a Democratic go." Like her counterpart in MacBeth, MacBeth, of a culpable role in the assas- Society was defending the play the other Lady MacBird contrives to drive MacBird sination. There is a psychological inclina- day in the Observer office. He said it can to do what she says he wishes but would tion among some of those who dislike be seen as a literary metaphor: not only not do. She speaks of having King John Johnson's policies in Vietnam and his per- that Johnson is responsible for much Ken O'Dunc ride in the streets of the sonal procedures to suspect him to be guil- death in Vietnam, but also that his per- MacBirds' state and "feel the warmth and ty in this, too. The playwright of course sonal style is itself psychically murderous. frenzy" of the love of the throng. "I hope has no knowledge that he is; not she MacBird is an imputation of some guilt you'll stay till Friday," she tells John. In nor anyone else has come forward with for the assassination to Johnson in the the street he is assassinated. Off-stage evidence justifying this imputation; but absence of any evidence thereof; no fancy MacBird kills the assassin. Ken O'Dunc knowing the suspicion has some currency notion like "metaphor" can change its has two brothers, Robert and Teddy, who — inevitable, morbid, deadly, and unsub- fundamental character as literary may- suspect the MacBirds of the worst. Mac- stantiated — she has designed her play hem that is, metaphorically speaking, rev- Bird, now king, upset by rumors among to pleasure and to play upon it. As Bru- olutionary. That the New Left, part of it, a few folks, calls in the Earl of Warren stein says, she has vented her fury "in should have come to this trashy scurrility! "to set their minds at ease," but not "to the most abandoned possible manner." They had a "Gentle Thursday" in Austin set things right." When Teddy's airplane What drove her to this extremity? Per- crashes, Robert says, "MacBird mailed out haps a bitter attraction toward the "Burn, November 25, 1966 13 Bound Volumes of the Observer (Another Christmas Idea) On the basis of advance orders the Observer will have available for sale, at $10 a volume until Dec. 31 only, bound volumes of the Observer for the years 1963, 1964, and 1965—the years of The Observer in its present format. In addition, we will accept advance orders for bound volumes of the 1966 Observer at $10 a volume, also only until Dec. 31. Delivery of the bound 1966 Observ- ers can be made early in 1967; bound volumes for the years 1963-'65 will be available on December first of this year, in time for Christmas, if you have that in mind. As for bound volumes for before 1963: We have for sale, at S20 a volume, a few volumes for 1958, 1960, and 1962. We will sell these on a first-come, first-served basis. We would like to have back a limited number of bound volumes for 1954-55, 1956, 1957, 1959 and 1961, so that we can com- plete office sets that we need. We also need spare copies of the Observer dated Feb. 28, 1960; Jan. 21, Mar. 11, and Mar. 25, 1961; and Sept. 21, 1962. If anyone happens to have kept their Observers that far back and doesn't want to keep them, we'll be glad to get them. The number of volumes for the years since 1963 depends on advance orders. Please send us your order now. You can pay now or wait until the volumes are ready for shipment in early December, at which time we will bill you; or we will send them C.O.D., as you wish. Clip the form below and return. SARAH PAYNE, Business Manager The Texas Observer 504 West 24th St., Austin, Tex. 78705 This is my order for bound volumes of the Observer. Please have volumes bound for me as follows:

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❑ Send C.O.D.—I will pay shipping charges. City, State a few weeks back when everyone was wrong and certain, as well, to enhance astrous Johnsonian foreign policy in good supposed to be gentle to everyone. There the suspicion upon which it feeds. But let conscience and fair style, we have to turn is nothing gentle about this play Thursday us watch and see now who is fair, and to these people and say, You ghouls! — or any other day, and thus there are these who is not. Let us see who among the masturbating your suspicions, substitut- two strains in the New Left, the hopeful vanguardsmen of the left try to levy what ing for thought and work your own snig- and utopian, the hopeless and violent. Camus called "moral blackmail" against gering innuendoes, your own cheap satis- those who see this play for the violence Does the play have a right to exist and that it is and refuse to be amused. What factions, your own literary assassination. to be produced? Yes. A play is a play; a President is a President; a free country is a lament, that to go on resisting dis- R. D. a free country. Rumors that an actor was #•■#•••••••#••••#•####•••••••••••••••••+414 mysteriously threatened professionally i through his agent after having discussed • playing MacBird in Austin are alarming if true. We are told the play is to be performed in New York, perhaps late this Observations year, and in Austin about mid-January. Any attempts to suppress it would be crats. The margin of victory can be pre- 14 The Texas Observer Past-Scripts sumed to be, in part, the Liberals' revolu- Not only in vino, but also after the elec- tionary disavowal of party loyalty." tion (however you say that in Latin), veritas. The San Antonio Express edi- Overheard at La Villita election night, MARTIN ELFANT trialized on November the 10th: at the glass-blower's: "Senator Ralph Yarborough was the big "You know, Allan Shivers got 'em in the Sun Life of Canada winner in Tuesday's senatorial race be- habit of voting Republican, and now he cause had Waggoner Carr won, Yarbor- can't change 'em back." ough would have been the senior senator 1001 Century Building from Texas in name only. The Johnson- Connally-Carr arrangement simply would- Melodrama at the Y Houston, Texas n't have had any room for Yarborough. Lights! Camera! Frustration! My wife "As it turned out, unsurprisingly, Sen- and I had gone to see what we expected CA 4-0686 ator John Tower was reelected by a well- to be a fairly racy item, entitled "A Man organized and operated campaign which and a Woman," at the hotsy-totsy fine arts included the unofficial and probably un- theater on the University Drag, the Texas. expected help of Texas' !Liberal Demo- Well, it was okay, if you like that sort of thing (hotrodding, car racing, is what I refer to). But as we passed by the open, welcome-freedom doubledoors of the ve- nerable University Y, we espied therein a scene of growl and turmoil. Students Will host were lining up and getting their dollars EXAS back from Mrs. Cynthia Smagula, who, John de J. Pemberton, I soon made out, had planned to show IVIL them "Flaming Creatures," an under= executive director of the ground movie featuring, I was told, a limp American Civil Liberties Union phallus, a message, about This Is Where IBERTIES We're Going, and prolonged orgy scenes that Roger Shattuck, who has seen the NUM film, said weren't justified by its aesthetic values. The students- were boiling. They Dec. 1, 2, got their bucks back and their pink tick- 8, and 9 "THE PIPE HOUSE OF AUSTIN" SAN ANTONIO — Thursday, Dec. 1, Will D. Miller et Son at the Texan Room of the Gunter Magazines — Daily Newspapers High Grade Cigars and Tobaccos Hotel, 8 p.m. Pipes and Accessories DALLAS — Friday, Dec. 2, at a joint 122 West 6th St. Austin, Texas meeting of the Fort Worth and Dallas chapters, Selecman Hall, Southern Methodist Univ., 8 p.m. Mr. Pemberton, who AUSTIN — Thursday, Dec. 8, at a was one of the attor- #0111. z' neys involved in the cocktail reception ($1 charge) and August H. U. A. C. Since 1866 meeting at the Savoy Room, Terrace hearings, will dis- cuss "Civil Liberties Motor Hotel, 8 p.m. in Action, including The Place in Austin recent court deci- sions and current HOUSTON — Friday, Dec. 9, at a A. C. L. U. cases. GOOD FOOD cocktail reception and address at Cohen House, Rice University, 7:30 GOOD BEER p.m. 1607 San Jacinto GR 7-4171

olammylammcvzimmyit(szvaEzimozmm(Ezmsvzvz5am..1:04y.zytmcmc132(EzmatzmcvzsmmmmmEtzcyzimmEzEtly,zcydwszmy4:K I w il w The Obsetoet as U etttigtmas gip w . , w w The holiday season, with its commercialism, brings mixed feelings to W r:-.. (I most of us; but for many readers in past years the Observer has been a way 9.) 1 its W W of entering into the spirit of the season while at the same time doing some-1 W tem thing real about gift-giving. W 15 If, among your friends, there are those you wish were reading the Observ- 15 !or-)4104 . ' er regularly, this is a good time to introduce them to it inexpensively, because W W I W of the reduced rates for multiple orders. W 15 W W W $6 for the first gift 15 W W W $5 for a second gift W il $4 for a third gift W W l& $3 for each additional gift W W Special Rates for The Observer is thus a reasonably-priced and considerable gift for valued 15 1 Gift Subscriptions friends, as well as for acquaintances and others whom you might not ordi- W W narily begift at Christmastime. W il 15 i5 If that possibility appeals to you, we would invite you to consider the Observer as appropriate . . . i5 ti V for keeping in touch with friends and relatives in distant cities i5 1,/ for greeting young people in college and the service W goo for paying respects to business and professional associates 1i V for saying thank you to doctor, teacher, minister W poor as a friendly gesture to those persons we customarily do not "see": postman, barber, maid, milkman, waitress, W dry-cleaning clerk, and others 15 15 goof for anyone who might appreciate the tonic of other points of view 15 Each recipient will be sent, to arrive before Christmas, a handsome holiday-colored gift card announcement, 15 W provided of course you so specify You may enclose payment with your order or we will send a bill in January, as 15 you prefer. Your own subscription may be renewed at these same rates. 15 The postage-paid envelope included with this issue provides spaces for entering your order, or you may clip il W this page and send to Sarah Payne, Business Manager, The Texas Observer, 504 W. 24th St., Austin, Texas 78705. W We hope you will agree that giving the Observer is an appropriate and significant means of joining the season's ii W appeals to peace on earth and good will toward men. W 15 W W Send Gift Subscriptions to: Send Gift Subscriptions to: W W i5 il name (please print) name (please print) W W W W street street W W city state zip city state zip W W W ii Sign gift card from Sign gift card from W W

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■:(13:1C142(Etz(MrtIziEZaci?ZYSZEZYSZYDZEZSMSgra(1?ZEZEZIMEMCMCMMMYSZEZ232(132C0z(MCMtVaMVIMSYMMEAKMCMCVA:IMMRUYS:KMMMiait:Z. ets cascaded like leaves onto the floor. story on school consolidation there that Mrs. Smagula said she wasn't ready to bore out the circular effects of poverty on Summer Strikers go to jail. The fuzz had showed up, and the schools of impoverished neighbor- Ernie Cortez is a graduate economics they had not, she said, been invited. A hoods ( which we were discussing here student at the University of Texas. I do callow young lawyer from the D.A.'s office last issue). A study and plan produced by not know a better young man than him. and Lt. E. B. Gerding, the worldly gad- the superintendents of San Antonio's pub- He lives in St. John's, a Negro area of about of the Austin criminal investigation lic school districts showed that $180 more Austin where the poorest people live. division, were backed up against the wall per pupil is spent on each student in the Young Negroes are in and out of his by a ring of angry students, including Alamo Heights school district annually house all the time; they trust him and beardniks and such, who were berating than is spent in the Edgewood district. he turns them on, they turn him on. Last them for their finkish presence. Well, Specifically, the cost per pupil in Alamo spring they went in cars into East Austin Gerding was saying, everybody has to be Heights for a year is $396.58; in Edgewood, and turned a precinct around, from Craw- somewhere. Nobody had told anybody not it's $261.54. Each professional person in ford Martin to Franklin Spears. The to show the film. Someone had com- the Edgewood schools is matched by five young Negroes didn't know whether to plained a pornographic film was going to students; each such person in the Alamo trust Franklin Spears, but they trust Er- be shown ( he wouldn't say who) and it Heights school, by just four students. The nie Cortez. In Austin Ernie has been the was their duty under the law (Section 527, plan is that the twelve San Antonio school organizational intelligence behind efforts Texas Penal Code, $500 or five years or districts be consolidated, giving each child here to help sustain the farm work- both), to come and see if it was so. Lt. a fair slice of the school fatilities that the ers' strike in the lower Valley. Last Fri- Gerding, who is an interesting person, whole city can finance. ThiS plan has the day Ernie's father died. A project is de- said he didn't think he would have same philosophical basis as attempts by veloping to finance as many University thought it was obscene. I told him I'd congressional liberals, successful in re- of Texas students as possible next sum- like to have seen it, and wouldn't he? Why, cent years, to get more federal money for mer in Rio Grande City to help with the yes, he allowed, he would have. The education assigned to the tax-poor states strike. Contributions can be sent to the crowd, which was very large, drifted off than, proportionally, to the tax-rich states. Ernest Cortez, Sr., Huelga Fund, the Uni- in twos and threes, what else could they The nuts will call this Marxist but its versity Y, 2200 Guadalupe, Austin, Texas. do? Well, there's no telling what else, of name is justice. R. D. course, for that the law cannot command. The movie might have convicted itself, but instead the law made an ass of it- self, and the young went on with their own designs. Good! It was good to see all that happening. Life, to life! Censorship is like a leaf against it. The Equal Chance It Was Schwartz' Right election supported by a dedicated Repub- The same day the last Observer was lican press and a good organization was dated, the San Antonio Express carried a I'm a liberal Democrat who voted for a colorless disappointment. The Repub- 16 The Texas Observer Tower. I make no bones about it. If Babe licans have a long way to go before they Schwartz or any other liberal Democrat have a real party in Texas. wanted to support Carr, that's their affair and their right; I think it's an asinine J. W. Riddlesperger, 1908 Panhandle, person who calls Babe Schwartz a "sell- Denton, Texas: out" just because he supported Carr. Tex- as liberals have enough problems already, On Conscientious Objection without permanently splitting into enemy factions. Any man of draft age who is opposed Roger Berry, Box 2128, Kingsville, Tex. to serving in the United States armed forces because of political, moral, or re- ligious objections to war — particularly Tower Didn't Win, Carr Lost to the present war in Vietnam — may be One would think that the lessons of entitled to classification as a conscien- the Tower-Carr election would be con- tious objector. Those men who have such vincing, but there are , those who argue objections to military service can find that Carr did as well as any Democrat out whether they may qualify as a C.O. could have done. I don't agree. I believe by sending fifty cents for a copy of Hand- that Jim Wright could have beaten Tower book for Conscientious Objectors to the and that the forces that persuaded him War Resisters League, 5 Beekman Street, to give the nomination to Carr are to New York, N.Y., 10038. This 104-page pa- blame. Democrats stayed away in droves perback contains a wealth of specific in- because there was no issue. One could formation on conscientious objection and start a fine waste paper drive with un- the draft law. In some cases even men opened and undistributed Carr literature who are already in the armed services and posters in practically every county can obtain a legal separation from the in Texas. armed services if they find they have a conscientious objection to continued mili- While helping with the counting in a tary service. If any readers of The Texas good cross-section precinct, I had occa- Observer fall into this category they sion to observe the balloting trends. The should feel free to write the War Resisters straight ticket Democrats were fewer than League for advice on their rights under I have ever seen, but the Republican the law. ballots were pitifully few indeed. This was not a Republican victory, nor was it David McReynolds, Field Secretary, War pro-Tower. It was a scratch Carr protest. Resisters League, 5 Beekman St., New A Tower rally up here just before the York, N.Y., 10038.